The Effect Of Fast Food Restaurants On Obesity And Weight Gain

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The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

Author : Janet Currie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain by : Janet Currie

Download or read book The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain written by Janet Currie and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain

Author : Janet Currie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 43 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain by : Janet Currie

Download or read book The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity and Weight Gain written by Janet Currie and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 3 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 1.6 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos, with a larger effect at .1 miles. The effect is significantly larger for African-American and less educated women. For both school children and mothers, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with weight outcomes. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude larger for students than for mothers, consistent with smaller travel cost for adults.

The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity

Author : Janet M. Currie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity by : Janet M. Currie

Download or read book The Effect of Fast Food Restaurants on Obesity written by Janet M. Currie and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women. We find that among 9th grade children, a fast food restaurant within a tenth of a mile of a school is associated with at least a 5.2 percent increase in obesity rates. There is no discernable effect at .25 miles and at .5 miles. Among pregnant women, models with mother fixed effects indicate that a fast food restaurant within a half mile of her residence results in a 2.5 percent increase in the probability of gaining over 20 kilos. The effect is larger, but less precisely estimated at .1 miles. In contrast, the presence of non-fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with obesity and weight gain. Moreover, proximity to future fast food restaurants is uncorrelated with current obesity and weight gain, conditional on current proximity to fast food. The implied effects of fast-food on caloric intake are at least one order of magnitude smaller for mothers, which suggests that they are less constrained by travel costs than school children. Our results imply that policies restricting access to fast food near schools could have significant effects on obesity among school children, but similar policies restricting the availability of fast food in residential areas are unlikely to have large effects on adults.

Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California

Author : Jed David Kolko
Publisher : Public Policy Instit. of CA
ISBN 13 : 1582131120
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California by : Jed David Kolko

Download or read book Business Location Decisions and Employment Dynamics in California written by Jed David Kolko and published by Public Policy Instit. of CA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Much recent debate about the state's economy has focused on the narrow issue of whether California businesses are moving to other state--taking jobs with them. In this report, PPIC researchers Jed Kolko and David Neumark examine the broader patterns of employment dynamics--the ways in which jobs and businesses move into, around, and out of the state--to provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the California economy."--PPIC Web site

Fast Food Genocide

Author : Joel Fuhrman, M.D.
Publisher : HarperCollins
ISBN 13 : 0062571230
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast Food Genocide by : Joel Fuhrman, M.D.

Download or read book Fast Food Genocide written by Joel Fuhrman, M.D. and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Eat to Live and The End of Diabetes, an unflinching, provocative exploration of how our food is killing us and the ways in which we are unwitting participants in an unprecedented and exploding health crisis. Fast food is far more than just the burgers, fries, and burritos served at chain restaurants; it is also the toxic, human-engineered products found in every grocery store across America. These include: cold breakfast cereals; commercial and preserved (deli) meats and cheeses; sandwich breads and buns; chips, pretzels, and crackers; fried foods; energy bars; and soft drinks. Fast foods have become the primary source of calories in the United States and consequently the most far-reaching and destructive influence on our population. The indisputable truth is that our highly processed diet is the source of a national health crisis that is exploding into a genocide with unseen tragic implications. Heart attacks, strokes, cancer, obesity, ADHD, autism, allergies, and autoimmune diseases all have the same root cause – our addiction to toxic ingredients. New York Times bestselling author, board-certified physician, nutritional researcher, and leading voice in the health field Joel Fuhrman, M.D., explains why the problem of poor nutrition is deeper, more serious, and more pervasive than anyone imagined. Fast Food Genocide draws on twenty-five years of clinical experience and research to confront our fundamental beliefs about the impact of what we eat. This book identifies issues at the heart of our country’s most urgent problems. Fast food kills, but it also perpetuates bigotry and derails the American dream of equal opportunity and happiness for all. It leaves behind a wake of destruction creating millions of medically dependent and sickly people burdened with poor-quality lives. The solution hiding in plain sight — a nutrientdense healthful diet — can save lives and enable humans to reach their intellectual potential and achieve successful and fulfilling lives. Dr. Fuhrman offers a life-changing, scientifically sound approach that can alter American history and perhaps save your life in the process.

How Organic, Fast Food and Obesity Affects Our Lives - Three Books Collection

Author : Matt Green
Publisher : Matt Green
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis How Organic, Fast Food and Obesity Affects Our Lives - Three Books Collection by : Matt Green

Download or read book How Organic, Fast Food and Obesity Affects Our Lives - Three Books Collection written by Matt Green and published by Matt Green. This book was released on with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook on Organic Food, Fast Food and Obesity written by the author is certainly worth reading. The Author made her best efforts to tell the various differences between Organic and natural food and then he enumerates the benefits and demerits of Organic food appropriately. She has tried to motivate the readers to undertake kitchen gardening on their own. Moreover, organic food is the best way to get rid of excess weight and to eliminate diseases such as migraines, allergies, asthma, arthritis diabetes, skin ailments and malignancies too. One important aspect that the author has not forgotten is that she has also given the kids their due share as far as its suitability in nourishing their delicate growing bodies is concerned. Fast food, beyond doubt is the preferred meal for busy people who lead a hectic life. Though through the last few years, much has been spoken and written about fast food yet in this eBook, the author has suitably provided the real definition of fast food, along with the history of fast food, various benefits and demerits. The author has endeavored to furnish the readers with a list of some very good alternatives to fast food which are not at all cumbersome to prepare, are non-fussy and could be prepared within a brief time period. The author has discussed various ways to give up the yearning for fast food along with several ways to prepare fast food at home. An appropriate decision taken at a proper time serves as the foundation stone for good health. Unfortunately, the obesity is rampant globally and no age is immune to it. You are about to learn why you get fat and what to do about it. Moreover, you will discover the causes and dangers of obesity and how to eliminate them. Everybody who is concerned about his or her health should read this eBook.

Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity?

Author : Christine Nyandat
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346045595
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity? by : Christine Nyandat

Download or read book Fast food. Does it contribute to childhood obesity? written by Christine Nyandat and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Paper from the year 2019 in the subject Health - Children and adolescents, University of Phoenix, language: English, abstract: This paper analyses whether fast food contributes to childhood obesity. Obesity is a multi-factorial disorder comprising genetic, dietary, conduct, and ecological components. The expanded eating of energy-dense poor nutrient diets with high saturated fats and sugar levels joined with diminished physical activity, have prompted high corpulence rates among kids. Current statistics depict that 15% of U.S kids and averagely 33% of adults are obsessed. The results in this new study support evidence that fast-foods adds to a high intake of calories and obesity risk in kids.

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309097134
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Marketing to Children and Youth by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Food Marketing to Children and Youth written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-05-11 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creating an environment in which children in the United States grow up healthy should be a high priority for the nation. Yet the prevailing pattern of food and beverage marketing to children in America represents, at best, a missed opportunity, and at worst, a direct threat to the health prospects of the next generation. Children's dietary and related health patterns are shaped by the interplay of many factorsâ€"their biologic affinities, their culture and values, their economic status, their physical and social environments, and their commercial media environmentsâ€"all of which, apart from their genetic predispositions, have undergone significant transformations during the past three decades. Among these environments, none have more rapidly assumed central socializing roles among children and youth than the media. With the growth in the variety and the penetration of the media have come a parallel growth with their use for marketing, including the marketing of food and beverage products. What impact has food and beverage marketing had on the dietary patterns and health status of American children? The answer to this question has the potential to shape a generation and is the focus of Food Marketing to Children and Youth. This book will be of interest to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, industry companies, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in community and consumer advocacy.

The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book

Author : Paul Saltman
Publisher : Little, Brown
ISBN 13 : 9780316769815
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (698 download)

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Book Synopsis The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book by : Paul Saltman

Download or read book The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book written by Paul Saltman and published by Little, Brown. This book was released on 1993-06-08 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a book for everyone who has realized that there are no quick and easy ways to lasting health. It's especially for those who are fed up with faddish diets that might take off weight temporarily but demand unreasonable sacrifices and more often than not leave the dieter depressed and far from thin. It doesn't have to be that way, according to the authors of this liberating and food-friendly guide that demystifies the science of nutrition. Not until you understand what's in food and how your body uses those nutrients can you make the best personal decisions about your diet. In this book you'll learn that the latest research proves that there are no "bad" foods and no single "right" way to eat. The good news is that you can eat your favorite foods without sacrificing sound nutrition. In clear and very readable chapters you'll learn everything you need to know about food content and the recommended daily allowances, including the facts about vitamins, microminerals, body fat, weight control, heart disease, and hypertension. All this information is tailored to your specific life stage, health concerns, and level of physical activity. "The University of California San Diego Nutrition Book" doesn't offer any "miracle" cures or secrets, but it does offer the unadulterated facts about the relationship between food and our bodies -- and that in itself is no small miracle.

Fast Food

Author : Stephanie Watson
Publisher : The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc
ISBN 13 : 140421416X
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Fast Food by : Stephanie Watson

Download or read book Fast Food written by Stephanie Watson and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2008-01-15 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the dangerous physical and mental effects on a person when indulging too often in fast foods.

Obesity Epidemiology

Author : Frank Hu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199718474
Total Pages : 513 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Obesity Epidemiology by : Frank Hu

Download or read book Obesity Epidemiology written by Frank Hu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-21 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past twenty years there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States. An estimated thirty percent of adults in the US are obese; in 1980, only fifteen percent were. The issue is gaining greater attention with the CDC and with the public health world in general. This book will offer practical information about the methodology of epidemiologic studies of obesity, suitable for graduate students and researchers in epidemiology, and public health practitioners with an interest in the issue. The book will be structured in four main sections, with the majority of chapters authored by Dr. Hu, and some authored by specialists in specific areas. The first section will consider issues surrounding the definition of obesity, measurement techniques, and the designs of epidemiologic studies. The second section will address the consequences of obesity, looking at epidemiologic studies that focus on cardio-vascular disease, diabetes, and cancer The third section will look at determinants obesity, reviewing a wide range of risk factors for obesity including diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviors, sleep disorders, psychosocial factors, physical environment, biochemical and genetic predictors, and intrauterine exposures. In the final section, the author will discuss the analytical issues and challenges for epidemiologic studies of obesity.

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133408
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Preventing Childhood Obesity by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Preventing Childhood Obesity written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-01-31 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.

Exploring Fast Food Consumption Behaviours and Social Influence

Author : Emily Brindal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Fast Food Consumption Behaviours and Social Influence by : Emily Brindal

Download or read book Exploring Fast Food Consumption Behaviours and Social Influence written by Emily Brindal and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been an increase in the consumption of convenience-style foods. This change has occurred concurrently with a global rise in obesity rates which has led to some researchers blaming the increased consumption of 'big brand' fast foods (such as McDonald's) for expanding waistlines. Nutritional profiling in the initial study showed that the energy provided in a typical fast food meal seemed 'appropriate' in terms of a general daily intake but that increased meal sizes, poor ordering decisions and choice of fast food restaurant could influence energy balance and long-term health outcomes. Even though fast foods are occupying a larger part of the diet, limited previous research has explored how social influences (including modelling, social norms and social facilitation) may increase the intake of fast foods. Therefore the aim of this dissertation was to explore environmental, social and demographic influences on the amount of fast food consumed at a single eating occasion. The Fast Food Survey (FFS) was developed and administered to two samples to collect information - including the item/s eaten and any social, environmental or demographic influences that surrounded the consumption - on participants' most recent visit to one of the large fast food chains in Australia. Results from an initial sample (n=116) revealed both the effectiveness of the program that delivered the FFS and support for the hypothesis that environmental and social factors could influence the amount of fast food consumed. A second study using the FFS aimed to test and develop an existing model of social facilitation (originally developed using 'general' eating behaviours) in the specific context of fast food consumption. Accordingly, a larger sample (n=407) was recruited via the Internet. Following path analysis, there was support for the time-extension hypothesis in the current data; eating with other people predicted the time spent eating which subsequently predicted energy consumption from fast food items. Beyond the simple effects of time-extension, further modelling showed that environmental factors, including reasons, for consumption could be associated with increased fast food intake. Analysis of data from the second FFS study showed that men and women were influenced differently by their eating environment - there was a negative direct effect of other people on women's energy intake from fast food items. The theory of minimal eating suggests that gender roles may alter eating behaviours and offers some explanation for this result. An observational study was conducted in McDonald's to assess how the presence of male and female company could influence fast food intake in both sexes. A comparison of energy intake by participant sex, group size and the sex composition of the group revealed support for minimal eating norms - men eating with other men ate the most food, while women eating with men ate the least food. Overall, the chapters presented in this dissertation show that, in a fast food consumption context, multiple social influences occur. Therefore, despite changes in the types of food being consumed, the mechanisms altering eating behaviours may be relatively stable. Given the potential association between weight gain and the consumption of fast foods, understanding these influences is a first step toward future intervention.

America's Eating Habits

Author : Elizabeth Frazão
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis America's Eating Habits by : Elizabeth Frazão

Download or read book America's Eating Habits written by Elizabeth Frazão and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Food and Multiculture

Author : Alex Rhys-Taylor
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000181731
Total Pages : 163 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Food and Multiculture by : Alex Rhys-Taylor

Download or read book Food and Multiculture written by Alex Rhys-Taylor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-12 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Alex Rhys-Taylor offers a ground-breaking sensory ethnography of East London. Drawing on the multicultural context of London, one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world, he explores concepts such as gentrification, class antagonism, new ethnicities and globalization. Rhys-Taylor shows how London is characterized by its rich history of socioeconomic change and multiculture, exploring how its smells and food are integral to understanding both its history and the reality of London’s urban present. From the fiery chillies sold by street grocers which are linked to years of cultural exchange, through ‘cuisines of origin’ like jellied eels to hybridized dishes such as the chicken katsu wrap, sensory experiences are key to understanding the complex cultural genealogies of the city and its social life.Each of the eight chapters combines micro histories of ingredients such as fried chicken, bush-meat and curry sauce, featuring narratives from individuals that provide a unique, engaging account of the evolution of taste and culture through time and space.With its innovative methodology, this is a highly original contribution to the fields of sensory studies, food studies, urban studies and cultural studies.

Weight Management

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309089964
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Weight Management by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Weight Management written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-12-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of fitness and body composition standards in the U.S. Armed Forces has always been to select individuals best suited to the physical demands of military service, based on the assumption that proper body weight and composition supports good health, physical fitness, and appropriate military appearance. The current epidemic of overweight and obesity in the United States affects the military services. The pool of available recruits is reduced because of failure to meet body composition standards for entry into the services and a high percentage of individuals exceeding military weight-for-height standards at the time of entry into the service leave the military before completing their term of enlistment. To aid in developing strategies for prevention and remediation of overweight in military personnel, the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command requested the Committee on Military Nutrition Research to review the scientific evidence for: factors that influence body weight, optimal components of a weight loss and weight maintenance program, and the role of gender, age, and ethnicity in weight management.

Social Influences on Eating

Author : C. Peter Herman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303028817X
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Influences on Eating by : C. Peter Herman

Download or read book Social Influences on Eating written by C. Peter Herman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-05 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the social environment affects food choices and intake, and documents the extent to which people are unaware of the significant impact of social factors on their eating. The authors take a unique approach to studying eating behaviors in ordinary circumstances, presenting a theory of normal eating that highlights social influences independent of physiological and taste factors. Among the topics discussed: Modeling of food intake and food choice Consumption stereotypes and impression management Research design, methodology, and ethics of studying eating behaviors What happens when we overeat? Effects of social eating Social Influences on Eating is a useful reference for psychologists and researchers studying food and nutritional psychology, challenging commonly held assumptions about the dynamics of food choice and intake in order to promote a better understanding of the power of social influence on all forms of behavior.