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Polyfluorinated Chemicals And Transformation Products
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Book Synopsis Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products by : Thomas P. Knepper
Download or read book Polyfluorinated Chemicals and Transformation Products written by Thomas P. Knepper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to their unparalleled effectiveness and efficiency, polyfluorinated chemicals (PFC) have become essential in numerous technical applications. However, many PFCs brought to market show limited biodegradability, and their environmental persistence combined with toxic and bioaccumulative potential have become a matter of concern in some instances. This volume highlights the synthesis of PFCs, focusing on substances with improved application and environmental properties, which are a challenge for synthetic chemists. Further, modern mass spectrometric techniques for the detection and identification of biotransformation products of PFCs are described. The sorption and leaching behavior of PFC in soil is also addressed in order to predict their fate in the environment. Several contributions discuss the monitoring of PFCs in European surface, ground and drinking waters, treatment options for PFC removal from drinking water, occurrence in food, and the human biomonitoring of PFCs.
Book Synopsis Per and polyfluorinated substances in the Nordic Countries by : Stefan Posner
Download or read book Per and polyfluorinated substances in the Nordic Countries written by Stefan Posner and published by Nordic Council of Ministers. This book was released on 2013-06-19 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Tema Nord report presents a study based on open information and custom market research to review the most common perfluorinated substances (PFC) with less focus on PFOS and PFOA. The study includes three major parts:1) Identification of relevant per-and polyfluorinated substances and their use in various industrial sectors in the Nordic market by interviews with major players and database information; 2) Emissions to and occurence in the Nordic environment of the substances described in 1); 3) A summary of knowledge of the toxic effects on humans and the environment of substances prioritized in 2); There is a lack of physical chemical data, analystical reference substances, human and environmental occurrence and toxicology data, as well as market information regarding PFCs other than PFOA and PFOS and the current legislation cannot enforce disclosure of specific PFC substance information.
Book Synopsis Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment by : David M. Kempisty
Download or read book Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment written by David M. Kempisty and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS), often referred to as per- (and poly) fluorinated compounds (PFCs), have been used for years in many everyday3⁄4 and some lifesaving3⁄4 products. However, their use has been linked to adverse health effects in humans, a problem compounded by their persistence in the environment. This book discusses the various challenges of PFAS in our environment today, including their historical use as well as their chemical and toxicological properties. It also presents robust discussion of analytical challenges and special considerations in sampling. The work goes on to give practical recommendations for dealing with these compounds in today's dynamic regulatory landscape and includes several chapters on various remediation techniques. Key Features: Comprehensive overview of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) historical use and chemical/physical properties which help us understand their persistence, transport, and transformation pathways in the environment In-depth analysis of PFAS toxicology Detailed descriptions of conventional and state-of-the-art remediation technologies Practical recommendations for dealing with PFAS in a dynamic regulatory landscape Robust discussion of important sampling and analytical considerations Perfluoroalkyl Substances in the Environment: Theory, Practice, and Innovation explores the challenges across the topical areas of regulation and management, toxicology, environmental remediation, and analytical sampling and analysis.Readers will find this text helpful in understanding complexities associated with PFAS and informing management strategies to effectively protect this and future generations.
Book Synopsis Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents, Second Edition, by : Erik Kissa
Download or read book Fluorinated Surfactants and Repellents, Second Edition, written by Erik Kissa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-02-09 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the synthesis, problems, theories and applications of fluorinated surfactants, this second edition is updated with four new chapters on repellency and protection against soiling and staining and over 2900 references, equations, and drawings (800 more than the previous edition). It lists alphabetically and explores numerous applications of fluorinated surfactants. Called "...a most useful introduction to these fascinating materials" by the Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology and "...a coherent and stimulating handbook...the most useful book in the fluorinated surfactants field to date. Recommended." by the Journal of the Chemical Society, Faraday Transactions - this book is a source of factual data, methods of manufacture, and chemical structures for the surfactant scientist and user.
Book Synopsis Organofluorine Chemistry by : R.E. Banks
Download or read book Organofluorine Chemistry written by R.E. Banks and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past fifteen years commercial interest in compounds containing carbon fluorine bonds has burgeoned beyond all expectations, mainly owing to business opportunities arising from work on biologically active fluoroorganics-particularly agrochemicals, the relentless search for new markets for fluoropolymers and fluoro carbon fluids, developments in the field of medical diagnostics, and the drive to find replacements for ozone-depleting CFCs and Halon fire-extinguishing agents. Judging the situation to warrant the publication of a comprehensive collection of up-to-date reviews dealing with commercial organofluorine compounds within a single volume of manageable size (and hence reasonable cost), we were delighted to be invited by Plenum Publishing Corporation to produce a suitable book. In order to provide an authentic and wide-ranging account of current commercial applications of fluoroorganic materials, it clearly was necessary to assemble a sizeable team of knowledgeable contributing authors selected almost entirely from industry. Through their efforts we have been able to produce an almost complete coverage of the modem organofluorochemicals business in a manner designed to attract a reader ship ranging from experts in the field, through chemists and technologists currently unaware of the extent of industrial involvement with fluoroorganics, to students of applied chemistry. Promised chapters dedicated to perfluoroolefin oxides and 18F labeling of radiopharmaceuticals failed to materialize. This is somewhat unfortunate in view of our aim to achieve comprehensive coverage of the subject.
Book Synopsis Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 208 by : Pim De Voogt
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 208 written by Pim De Voogt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-02 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.
Book Synopsis Perfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs) by : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
Download or read book Perfluorinated Chemicals (PFCs) written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume provides a timely study on the environmental challenges from a specific class of perfluorinated chemical compounds (PFCs) that are now being recognized as a worldwide health threat. Recent studies report that levels of classes of PFCs known as polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl (PFASs) exceed federally recommended safety levels in public drinking-water supplies for 6 million people in the United States and that as many as 100 million people could be at risk from exposure to these chemicals. These chemicals occur globally in wildlife and humans. Both PFCAs and PFSAs have been produced for more than 50 years, but have only become of interest to regulators and environmentalists since the late 1990s. Recent advances in analytical methodology has enabled widespread detection in the environment and humans at trace levels. These toxic chemicals have been found in outdoor and indoor air, surface and drinking water, house dust, animal tissue, human blood serum, and human breast milk. Of great concern to communities is the presence of these compounds in a number of drinking water supplies in the U.S. and other countries. This new volume provides a timely explanation of the chemicals, provides a detailed review of the regulations both in the US and European Community, explains the health risk literature, and then explores in great detail available treatment technologies. The volume is a must for public water supply facilities, industrial operations that have historically used these chemicals and face legacy pollution issues, policy makers and the general public.
Book Synopsis Emerging Pollutants by : Francisco G. Calvo-Flores
Download or read book Emerging Pollutants written by Francisco G. Calvo-Flores and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An excellent, concise, and interdisciplinary overview of different classes of emerging pollutants arising, for example, from pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products, and industrial chemicals and their impact on water, soil, and air. Following an introduction to chemical pollutants, with special attention focused on organic compounds and their properties, the book goes on to describe major emerging pollutants grouped according to their applications in different sectors of industrial or economic activity. For each type of compound, the chemical structure, main properties, and source are presented, along with their fate in the environment as pollutants, the latest analytical methods for detection, possible health or ecology consequences, as well as current regulatory laws. New developments, such as nanotechnology as a pollution source, are also included. The book closes with a chapter devoted to conclusions and future perspectives.
Book Synopsis Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by : Jamie C. DeWitt
Download or read book Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances written by Jamie C. DeWitt and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2015-04-14 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a timely and comprehensive overview of the latest science for perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), covering the development of methods for assessing PFASs in biological fluids and tissues as well as the current knowledge regarding their toxicity to vertebrate organisms. This book includes chapters on human and wildlife exposure/body burdens, reviews of metabolism and toxicological effects by organ system/developmental stage and aspects of PFAS toxicity that are driving PFAS research and regulatory oversight. Toxicological Effects of Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances provide critical assessments of the most controversial topics surrounding toxicological evaluation of PFASs to give readers an expert perspective on the issues. Emphasis is placed on the integration of modes and mechanisms of action with functional endpoints that are relevant to human and wildlife health. This book will be a useful resource for toxicologists, environmental chemists, risk assessors and researchers with an interest in the class of compounds known as perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances.
Book Synopsis Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 196 by : David M. Whitacre
Download or read book Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 196 written by David M. Whitacre and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-12-15 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications.
Book Synopsis The Anthropocene as a Geological Time Unit by : Jan Zalasiewicz
Download or read book The Anthropocene as a Geological Time Unit written by Jan Zalasiewicz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-07 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reviews the evidence underpinning the Anthropocene as a geological epoch written by the Anthropocene Working Group investigating it. The book discusses ongoing changes to the Earth system within the context of deep geological time, allowing a comparison between the global transition taking place today with major transitions in Earth history.
Book Synopsis Environmental Organic Chemistry by : René P. Schwarzenbach
Download or read book Environmental Organic Chemistry written by René P. Schwarzenbach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-06-24 with total page 1329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Organic Chemistry focuses on environmental factors that govern the processes that determine the fate of organic chemicals in natural and engineered systems. The information discovered is then applied to quantitatively assessing the environmental behaviour of organic chemicals. Now in its 2nd edition this book takes a more holistic view on physical-chemical properties of organic compounds. It includes new topics that address aspects of gas/solid partitioning, bioaccumulation, and transformations in the atmosphere. Structures chapters into basic and sophisticated sections Contains illustrative examples, problems and case studies Examines the fundamental aspects of organic, physical and inorganic chemistry - applied to environmentally relevant problems Addresses problems and case studies in one volume
Book Synopsis Environmental Contaminants and Neurological Disorders by : Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash
Download or read book Environmental Contaminants and Neurological Disorders written by Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-17 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume discusses how environmental pollutants are involved in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, and covers specific mechanisms and risk factors, as well as the necessary strategies to reduce the adverse impacts of environmental pollutants on the human nervous system. With a collection of contributions from experts in environmental pollution, neurology and pharmaceutical chemistry, the book provides both an introduction to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, including the types and different classes of neurological disorders, and studies demonstrating the clear link between environmental contaminants (e.g. pesticides, smoking, mycotoxins, persistent organic pollutants (POP's), polychlorinated biphenyls, phthalates, nanomaterials) and the development of neurological disorders in vulnerable populations. The book fills in a gap in research on the topic by also covering state-of-the-art treatment strategies and mitigation measures for each type of pollutant. The book will be of interest to environmental scientists, pharmacologists, toxicologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, and food and drug regulatory organizations.
Book Synopsis Environmental Toxicants by : Morton Lippmann
Download or read book Environmental Toxicants written by Morton Lippmann and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 1189 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the most current information and research available for performing risk assessments on exposed individuals and populations, giving guidance to public health authorities, primary care physicians, and industrial managers Reviews current knowledge on human exposure to selected chemical agents and physical factors in the ambient environment Updates and revises the previous edition, in light of current scientific literature and its significance to public health concerns Includes new chapters on: airline cabin exposures, arsenic, endocrine disruptors, and nanoparticles
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251305056 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Soil pollution: a hidden reality by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Soil pollution: a hidden reality written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.
Book Synopsis Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle by : Thorsten Reemtsma
Download or read book Organic Pollutants in the Water Cycle written by Thorsten Reemtsma and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first in-depth and comprehensive reference on the most pertinent polar contaminant classes and their behavior in the whole water cycle includes, among others, industrial chemicals, consumer products, polar herbicides and pharmaceuticals. All chapters are uniformly structured, covering properties, pollution sources, occurrence in wastewater, surface water, and groundwater as well as water treatment aspects, while ecotoxicological and assessment aspects are also covered. Among the authors are leading experts in their relevant fields, many of whom provide here groundbreaking research results. The result is an up-to-date information source for researchers and professionals working in water quality monitoring, water supply, or wastewater treatment, as well as environmental and water chemists, geochemists, ecologists, chemists and engineers.
Book Synopsis Fluorine and Health by : Alain Tressaud
Download or read book Fluorine and Health written by Alain Tressaud and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-06-06 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorine and Health presents a critical multidisciplinary overview on the contribution of fluorinated compounds to resolve the important global issue of medicinal monitoring and health care. The involved subjects are organized in three thematic parts devoted to Molecular Imaging, Biomedical Materials and Pharmaceuticals. Initially the key-position of partially fluorinated low molecular weight compounds labelled either with the natural 19F-isotope for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) or labelled with the radioactive [18F]-isotope for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is highlighted. Both non-invasive methods belong to the most challenging in vivo imaging techniques in oncology, neurology and in cardiology for the diagnosis of diseases having the highest mortality in the industrialized countries. The manifold facets of fluorinated biomaterials range from inorganic ceramics to perfluorinated organic molecules. Liquid perfluorocarbons are suitable for oxygen transport and as potential respiratory gas carriers, while fluorinated polymers are connected to the pathology of blood vessels. Another important issue concerns the application of highly fluorinated liquids in ophthalmology. Moreover, fluorine is an essential trace element in bone mineral, dentine and tooth enamel and is applied for the prophylaxis and treatment of dental caries. The various origins of human exposure to fluoride species is detailed to promote a better understanding of the effect of fluoride species on living organisms. Medicinally relevant fluorinated molecules and their interactions with native proteins are the main focus of the third part. New molecules fluorinated in strategic position are crucial for the development of pharmaceuticals with desired action and optimal pharmacological profile. Among the hundreds of marketed active drug components there are more than 150 fluorinated compounds. The chapters will illustrate how the presence of fluorine atoms alters properties of bioactive compounds at various biochemical steps, and possibly facilitate its emergence as pharmaceuticals. Finally the synthetic potential of a fluorinase, the first C-F bond forming enzyme, is summarized. - New approach of topics involving chemistry, biology and medicinal techniques - Transdisciplinar papers on fluoride products - Importance of fluoride products in health - Updated data on specific topics
