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Logical Form In Natural Language
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Download or read book Logical Form written by Andrea Iacona and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-28 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical form has always been a prime concern for philosophers belonging to the analytic tradition. For at least one century, the study of logical form has been widely adopted as a method of investigation, relying on its capacity to reveal the structure of thoughts or the constitution of facts. This book focuses on the very idea of logical form, which is directly relevant to any principled reflection on that method. Its central thesis is that there is no such thing as a correct answer to the question of what is logical form: two significantly different notions of logical form are needed to fulfill two major theoretical roles that pertain respectively to logic and to semantics. This thesis has a negative and a positive side. The negative side is that a deeply rooted presumption about logical form turns out to be overly optimistic: there is no unique notion of logical form that can play both roles. The positive side is that the distinction between two notions of logical form, once properly spelled out, sheds light on some fundamental issues concerning the relation between logic and language.
Book Synopsis Logical Form in Natural Language by : William G. Lycan
Download or read book Logical Form in Natural Language written by William G. Lycan and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1984 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Form in Natural Language clearly explains and defends the truth-theoretic method in semantics first developed by Donald Davidson to analyze logical forms of sentences of natural language.
Book Synopsis Logical Form and Language by : Gerhard Preyer
Download or read book Logical Form and Language written by Gerhard Preyer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen specially written essays by eminent philosophers and linguists appear for the first time in this anthology, all with the central theme of logical form - a fundamental issue in analytical philosophy and linguistic theory.
Book Synopsis Directionality and Logical Form by : Josef Bayer
Download or read book Directionality and Logical Form written by Josef Bayer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directionality and Logical Form provides a detailed treatment of the syntax of focusing particles, such as only and even in a cross-linguistic perspective. The derivation of logical forms is shown to be under the control, not only of the ECP and subjacency, but also of directionality of government and the particular word-order parameter that holds in a given language: head-final languages systematically disallow certain derivations or readings that are available in head-initial languages. The reason is that heads that deviate in their selection properties from canonical head-finality project a directionality barrier. Various strategies are explored by which this barrier can be circumvented. Although the theory is developed mainly on the basis of the head position in German, it can be directly used to explain constraints on the scope of Wh-in-situ in Bengali and closely related languages. Audience: Syntacticians and semanticists interested in parametric variation, as well as linguists working on Germanic and/or Indo-Aryan languages.
Book Synopsis Semantics of Natural Language by : D. Davidson
Download or read book Semantics of Natural Language written by D. Davidson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The idea that prompted the conferenee for which many of these papers were written, and that inspired this book, is stated in the Editorial Introduction reprinted below from Volume 21 of Synthese. The present volume contains the artieles in Synthese 21, Numbers 3-4 and Synthese 22, Numbers 1-2. In addition, it ineludes new papers by Saul Kripke, James McCawley, John R. Ross, and Paul Ziff, and reprints 'Grammar and Philosophy' by P. F. Strawson. Strawson's artiele first appeared in the Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 70, and is reprinted with the kind permission of the author and the Aristotelian Society. We also repeat our thanks to the Olivetti Companyand Edizione di Comunita of Milan for permission to inelude the paper by Dana Scott; it also appeared in Synthese 21. DONALO DAVIDSON GILBERT HARMAN EDITORIAL INTRODUCTION The success of linguistics in treating naturallanguages as formal syntactic systems has aroused the interest of a number of linguists in a paralleI or related development of semantics. For the most part quite independ ently, many philosophers and logicians have reeently been applying formai semantic methods to structures increasingly like naturallanguages. While differenees in training, method and vocabulary tend to veil the fact, philosophers and linguists are converging, it seerns, on a common set of interrelated probiems. Sinee philosophers and linguists are working on the same, or very similar, probiems, it would obviously be instructive to compare notes." --
Book Synopsis The Logic of Natural Language by : Fred Sommers
Download or read book The Logic of Natural Language written by Fred Sommers and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1982 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sustained argument for the virtues of a traditional, as opposed to a quantification-theoretical, analysis of the logic of natural language.
Download or read book Pragmatics written by Gerald Gazdar and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) by : Robert A. Wilson
Download or read book The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) written by Robert A. Wilson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001-09-04 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s the cognitive sciences have offered multidisciplinary ways of understanding the mind and cognition. The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences (MITECS) is a landmark, comprehensive reference work that represents the methodological and theoretical diversity of this changing field. At the core of the encyclopedia are 471 concise entries, from Acquisition and Adaptationism to Wundt and X-bar Theory. Each article, written by a leading researcher in the field, provides an accessible introduction to an important concept in the cognitive sciences, as well as references or further readings. Six extended essays, which collectively serve as a roadmap to the articles, provide overviews of each of six major areas of cognitive science: Philosophy; Psychology; Neurosciences; Computational Intelligence; Linguistics and Language; and Culture, Cognition, and Evolution. For both students and researchers, MITECS will be an indispensable guide to the current state of the cognitive sciences.
Book Synopsis Language, Form, and Logic by : Peter Ludlow
Download or read book Language, Form, and Logic written by Peter Ludlow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an idea first explored by medieval logicians 800 years ago and revisits it armed with the tools of contemporary linguistics, logic, and computer science. The idea - the Holy Grail of the medieval logicians - was the thought that all of logic could be reduced to two very simple rules that are sensitive to logical polarity (for example, the presence and absence of negations). Ludlow and Živanović pursue this idea and show how it has profound consequences for our understanding of the nature of human inferential capacities. They also show its consequences for some of the deepest issues in contemporary linguistics, including the nature of quantification, puzzles about discourse anaphora and pragmatics, and even insights into the source of aboutness in natural language. The key to their enterprise is a formal relation they call "p-scope" - a polarity-sensitive relation that controls the operations that can be carried out in their Dynamic Deductive System. They show that with p-scope in play, deductions can be carried out using sublogical operations like those they call COPY and PRUNE - operations that are simple syntactic operations on sentences. They prove that the resulting deductive system is complete and sound. The result is a beautiful formal tapestry in which p-scope unlocks important properties of natural language, including the property of "restrictedness," which they prove to be equivalent to the semantic notion of conservativity. More than that, they show that restrictedness is also a key to understanding quantification and discourse anaphora, and many other linguistic phenomena.
Download or read book Logical Form written by Norbert Hornstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-10-30 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically reviews grammatical research into logical form over the past 20 years and reconsiders some of its major themes in the light of recent theoretical innovations. In the late 1970s generative grammarians proposed the existence of an abstract syntactic level of grammatical representation derived from surface structure which was phonetically invisible. This level, dubbed logical form, has been thought of as the information that the grammar contributes to semantic interpretation. The first part of the book reviews the standard arguments for the existence of LF and its format.
Book Synopsis Logic & Natural Language by : Hanoch Ben-Yami
Download or read book Logic & Natural Language written by Hanoch Ben-Yami and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this volume is to demonstrate several significant distinctions between the predicate calculus and natural language, distinctions that make the former inadequate for the study of the semantics and logic of the latter.
Book Synopsis Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic by : Laurent Cesalli
Download or read book Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic written by Laurent Cesalli and published by Brepols. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is medieval logic formal? And if yes, in what sense? There are striking affinities between medieval and contemporary theories of language. Authors from the two periods share formal ambitions and maintain complex, and at time uneasy, relations with natural language. However, modern scholars became careful not to overlook the specificities of theories developed more than five hundred years apart, in particular with respect to their 'formal' character. In 1972, Alfonso Maieru noted that the efforts of medieval logicians to identify logical structures in language formal enough to become objects of scientific consideration. He also stressed that the language investigated is a historical one, Latin, so that one can legitimately wonder to which extent ... one is allowed to speak of 'formal logic' in the middle ages. In other words, medieval logic is characterized by a tension between 'formalist ambitions' and constraints proper to natural language. Today, our knowledge of the field has considerably expanded, calling for a new assessment of the question.
Book Synopsis A Concise Introduction to Logic by : Craig DeLancey
Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Logic written by Craig DeLancey and published by Open SUNY Textbooks. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Core Language Engine by : Hiyan Alshawi
Download or read book The Core Language Engine written by Hiyan Alshawi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Logical Aspects of Quantification in Natural Language by : Aleksy Molczanow
Download or read book Logical Aspects of Quantification in Natural Language written by Aleksy Molczanow and published by Unlimited Publishing LLC. This book was released on 2004 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elucidates the relation between quantifiers in formal logic and quantifiers in natural language. Demystifies the theoretical apparatus of contemporary logic as it provides theoretical explanations concerning quantification in natural language, and idiomatic quantifiers in ordinary English in particular.
Book Synopsis Logical Syntax of Language by : Rudolf Carnap
Download or read book Logical Syntax of Language written by Rudolf Carnap and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is IV volume of eight in a series on Philosophy of the Mind and Language. For nearly a century mathematicians and logicians have been striving hard to make logic an exact science. But a book on logic must contain, in addition to the formulae, an expository context which, with the assistance of the words of ordinary language, explains the formulae and the relations between them; and this context often leaves much to be desired in the matter of clarity and exactitude. Originally published in 1937, the purpose of the present work is to give a systematic exposition of such a method, namely, of the method of " logical syntax".
