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Logical Form And Language
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Download or read book Logical Form written by Andrea Iacona and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-28 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical form has always been a prime concern for philosophers belonging to the analytic tradition. For at least one century, the study of logical form has been widely adopted as a method of investigation, relying on its capacity to reveal the structure of thoughts or the constitution of facts. This book focuses on the very idea of logical form, which is directly relevant to any principled reflection on that method. Its central thesis is that there is no such thing as a correct answer to the question of what is logical form: two significantly different notions of logical form are needed to fulfill two major theoretical roles that pertain respectively to logic and to semantics. This thesis has a negative and a positive side. The negative side is that a deeply rooted presumption about logical form turns out to be overly optimistic: there is no unique notion of logical form that can play both roles. The positive side is that the distinction between two notions of logical form, once properly spelled out, sheds light on some fundamental issues concerning the relation between logic and language.
Book Synopsis Logical Form in Natural Language by : William G. Lycan
Download or read book Logical Form in Natural Language written by William G. Lycan and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1984 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Form in Natural Language clearly explains and defends the truth-theoretic method in semantics first developed by Donald Davidson to analyze logical forms of sentences of natural language.
Book Synopsis Language, Form, and Logic by : Peter Ludlow
Download or read book Language, Form, and Logic written by Peter Ludlow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an idea first explored by medieval logicians 800 years ago and revisits it armed with the tools of contemporary linguistics, logic, and computer science. The idea - the Holy Grail of the medieval logicians - was the thought that all of logic could be reduced to two very simple rules that are sensitive to logical polarity (for example, the presence and absence of negations). Ludlow and Živanović pursue this idea and show how it has profound consequences for our understanding of the nature of human inferential capacities. They also show its consequences for some of the deepest issues in contemporary linguistics, including the nature of quantification, puzzles about discourse anaphora and pragmatics, and even insights into the source of aboutness in natural language. The key to their enterprise is a formal relation they call "p-scope" - a polarity-sensitive relation that controls the operations that can be carried out in their Dynamic Deductive System. They show that with p-scope in play, deductions can be carried out using sublogical operations like those they call COPY and PRUNE - operations that are simple syntactic operations on sentences. They prove that the resulting deductive system is complete and sound. The result is a beautiful formal tapestry in which p-scope unlocks important properties of natural language, including the property of "restrictedness," which they prove to be equivalent to the semantic notion of conservativity. More than that, they show that restrictedness is also a key to understanding quantification and discourse anaphora, and many other linguistic phenomena.
Book Synopsis Logical Form and Language by : Gerhard Preyer
Download or read book Logical Form and Language written by Gerhard Preyer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen specially written essays by eminent philosophers and linguists appear for the first time in this anthology, all with the central theme of logical form - a fundamental issue in analytical philosophy and linguistic theory.
Book Synopsis Directionality and Logical Form by : Josef Bayer
Download or read book Directionality and Logical Form written by Josef Bayer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Directionality and Logical Form provides a detailed treatment of the syntax of focusing particles, such as only and even in a cross-linguistic perspective. The derivation of logical forms is shown to be under the control, not only of the ECP and subjacency, but also of directionality of government and the particular word-order parameter that holds in a given language: head-final languages systematically disallow certain derivations or readings that are available in head-initial languages. The reason is that heads that deviate in their selection properties from canonical head-finality project a directionality barrier. Various strategies are explored by which this barrier can be circumvented. Although the theory is developed mainly on the basis of the head position in German, it can be directly used to explain constraints on the scope of Wh-in-situ in Bengali and closely related languages. Audience: Syntacticians and semanticists interested in parametric variation, as well as linguists working on Germanic and/or Indo-Aryan languages.
Download or read book Logical Form written by Norbert Hornstein and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-10-30 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book critically reviews grammatical research into logical form over the past 20 years and reconsiders some of its major themes in the light of recent theoretical innovations. In the late 1970s generative grammarians proposed the existence of an abstract syntactic level of grammatical representation derived from surface structure which was phonetically invisible. This level, dubbed logical form, has been thought of as the information that the grammar contributes to semantic interpretation. The first part of the book reviews the standard arguments for the existence of LF and its format.
Book Synopsis Logical Syntax of Language by : Rudolf Carnap
Download or read book Logical Syntax of Language written by Rudolf Carnap and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-23 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2000. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Book Synopsis Logical Forms by : Richard Mark Sainsbury
Download or read book Logical Forms written by Richard Mark Sainsbury and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1991 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Forms examines the formal languages of classical first order logic and modal logic, and some alternatives and in each case takes as the central question: how can natural language best be formalized in this formal language? The approach involves close encounters with issues in the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of language.
Download or read book Logical Form written by Robert May and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1985 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on the relation of syntactic and semantic structure. It investigates the notion that within generative grammar there is a level of linguistic representation Logical Form. Its main assumption is that this is a level of phrase structure representation, derived by transformational operations from S-structure, and over which formal semantic interpretations are defined.The book explores Logical Form by focusing primarily on quantificational phenomena and on how their explicit syntactic representation interacts with various syntactic and semantic properties. Among the topics discussed are the interactions of wh and quantified phrases, bound variable anaphora, branching quantifiers, extraposition and multiple interrogation.Logical Form contains several technical innovations: the notion that LF-movement closely approximates "Move α," a new approach to characterizing quantifier scope, which makes central use of the notion of "government," a novel interpretation of the relation of syntactic nodes and categorical projections, and an application of path theory to the syntactic structure of Logical Form.Robert May is Assistant Professor of Linguistics, Barnard College, Columbia University. Logical Form is Linguistic Inquiry Monograph 12.
Book Synopsis Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 by : L. T. F. Gamut
Download or read book Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 written by L. T. F. Gamut and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the two volumes of Logic, Language, and Meaning can be used independently of one another, together they provide a comprehensive overview of modern logic as it is used as a tool in the analysis of natural language. Both volumes provide exercises and their solutions. Volume 1, Introduction to Logic, begins with a historical overview and then offers a thorough introduction to standard propositional and first-order predicate logic. It provides both a syntactic and a semantic approach to inference and validity, and discusses their relationship. Although language and meaning receive special attention, this introduction is also accessible to those with a more general interest in logic. In addition, the volume contains a survey of such topics as definite descriptions, restricted quantification, second-order logic, and many-valued logic. The pragmatic approach to non-truthconditional and conventional implicatures are also discussed. Finally, the relation between logic and formal syntax is treated, and the notions of rewrite rule, automation, grammatical complexity, and language hierarchy are explained.
Book Synopsis A Concise Introduction to Logic by : Craig DeLancey
Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Logic written by Craig DeLancey and published by Open SUNY Textbooks. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Language, Truth and Logic by : Alfred Jules Ayer
Download or read book Language, Truth and Logic written by Alfred Jules Ayer and published by Rare Treasure Editions. This book was released on 2024-03-14T00:00:00Z with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LANGUAGE, TRUTH AND LOGIC is the classic work of philosophy by Alfred Jules Ayer published in 1936 when Ayer was 26 (though it was in fact completed by age 25). This book defines, explains, and argues for the verification principle of logical positivism, as it relates to the use of objectives and methods in determining truths and probabilities. And whether or not one agrees that emperical evidence is the only basis for proof, there is no denying that this is a brilliant book in how it explains in what ways the principle of verifiability may be applied to the problems of philosophy itself.
Book Synopsis Logical Form in Natural Language by : William G. Lycan
Download or read book Logical Form in Natural Language written by William G. Lycan and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1986-01 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Form in Natural Language clearly explains and defends the truth-theoretic method in semantics first developed by Donald Davidson to analyze logical forms of sentences of natural language.
Book Synopsis The Core Language Engine by : Hiyan Alshawi
Download or read book The Core Language Engine written by Hiyan Alshawi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meaning and Argument by : Ernest Lepore
Download or read book Meaning and Argument written by Ernest Lepore and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-14 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meaning and Argument is a popular introduction to philosophy of logic and philosophy of language. Offers a distinctive philosophical, rather than mathematical, approach to logic Concentrates on symbolization and works out all the technical logic with truth tables instead of derivations Incorporates the insights of half a century's work in philosophy and linguistics on anaphora by Peter Geach, Gareth Evans, Hans Kamp, and Irene Heim among others Contains numerous exercises and a corresponding answer key An extensive appendix allows readers to explore subjects that go beyond what is usually covered in an introductory logic course Updated edition includes over a dozen new problem sets and revisions throughout Features an accompanying website at http://ruccs.rutgers.edu/~logic/MeaningArgument.html
Book Synopsis Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis by : Denise Eide
Download or read book Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis written by Denise Eide and published by Logic of English, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "English is so illogical!" It is generally believed that English is a language of exceptions. For many, learning to spell and read is frustrating. For some, it is impossible... especially for the 29% of Americans who are functionally illiterate. But what if the problem is not the language itself, but the rules we were taught? What if we could see the complexity of English as a powerful tool rather than a hindrance? --Denise Eide Uncovering the Logic of English challenges the notion that English is illogical by systematically explaining English spelling and answering questions like "Why is there a silent final E in have, large, and house?" and "Why is discussion spelled with -sion rather than -tion?" With easy-to-read examples and anecdotes, this book describes: - the phonograms and spelling rules which explain 98% of English words - how English words are formed and how this knowledge can revolutionize vocabulary development - how understanding the reasons behind English spelling prevents students from needing to guess The author's inspiring commentary makes a compelling case that understanding the logic of English could transform literacy education and help solve America's literacy crisis. Thorough and filled with the latest linguistic and reading research, Uncovering the Logic of English demonstrates why this systematic approach should be as foundational to our education as 1+1=2.
Book Synopsis Bertrand Russell, Language and Linguistic Theory by : Keith Green
Download or read book Bertrand Russell, Language and Linguistic Theory written by Keith Green and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2007-11-29 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although there has been a significant revival in interest in Bertrand Russell's work in recent years, most professional philosophers would still argue that Russell was not interested in language. Here, in the first full-length study of Russell's work on language throughout his long career, Keith Green shows that this is in fact not the case. In examining Russell's work, particularly from 1900 to 1950, Green exposes a repeated emphasis on, and turn to, linguistic considerations. Green considers how 'linguistics' and 'philosophy' were struggling in the twentieth century to define themselves and to create appropriate contemporary disciplines. They had much in common during certain periods, yet seemed to continue in almost total ignorance of one another. This negative relation has been noted in the past by Roy Harris, whose work provides some of the inspiration for the present book. Taking those two aspects, Green's aim here is to provide the first full-length consideration of Russell's varied work in language, and to read it in the context of developing contemporary (i.e. with Russell's work) linguistic theory. The main aims of this important new book, in focusing exclusively on Russell's work on language throughout his career, are to place Russell within the changing contexts of contemporary linguistic thought; to read Russell's language-theories against the grain of his own linguistic practice; to assess the relationship between linguistic and philosophical thought during Russell's career, and to reassess his place in the history of linguistic thought in the twentieth century. As such, this fascinating study will make a vital contribution to Russell studies and to the study of the relationship between philosophy and linguistics.
