Language Form And Logic

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Language, Form, and Logic

Author : Peter Ludlow
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192677632
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Form, and Logic by : Peter Ludlow

Download or read book Language, Form, and Logic written by Peter Ludlow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an idea first explored by medieval logicians 800 years ago and revisits it armed with the tools of contemporary linguistics, logic, and computer science. The idea - the Holy Grail of the medieval logicians - was the thought that all of logic could be reduced to two very simple rules that are sensitive to logical polarity (for example, the presence and absence of negations). Ludlow and Živanović pursue this idea and show how it has profound consequences for our understanding of the nature of human inferential capacities. They also show its consequences for some of the deepest issues in contemporary linguistics, including the nature of quantification, puzzles about discourse anaphora and pragmatics, and even insights into the source of aboutness in natural language. The key to their enterprise is a formal relation they call "p-scope" - a polarity-sensitive relation that controls the operations that can be carried out in their Dynamic Deductive System. They show that with p-scope in play, deductions can be carried out using sublogical operations like those they call COPY and PRUNE - operations that are simple syntactic operations on sentences. They prove that the resulting deductive system is complete and sound. The result is a beautiful formal tapestry in which p-scope unlocks important properties of natural language, including the property of "restrictedness," which they prove to be equivalent to the semantic notion of conservativity. More than that, they show that restrictedness is also a key to understanding quantification and discourse anaphora, and many other linguistic phenomena.

Language, Form(s) of Life, and Logic

Author : Christian Martin
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110518287
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Form(s) of Life, and Logic by : Christian Martin

Download or read book Language, Form(s) of Life, and Logic written by Christian Martin and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume deals with the connection between thinking-and-speaking and our form(s) of life. All contributions engage with Wittgenstein’s approach to this topic. As a whole, the volume takes a stance against both biological and ethnological interpretations of the notion "form of life" and seeks to promote a broadly logico-linguistic understanding instead. The structure of this book is threefold. Part one focuses on lines of thinking that lead from Wittgenstein’s earlier thought to the concept of form of life in his later work. Contributions to part two examine the concrete philosophical function of this notion as well as the ways in which it differs from cognate concepts. Contributions to part three put Wittgenstein’s notion of form of life in perspective by relating it to phenomenology, ordinary language philosophy and problems in contemporary analytic philosophy.

Logical Form

Author : Andrea Iacona
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319741543
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Form by : Andrea Iacona

Download or read book Logical Form written by Andrea Iacona and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-28 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical form has always been a prime concern for philosophers belonging to the analytic tradition. For at least one century, the study of logical form has been widely adopted as a method of investigation, relying on its capacity to reveal the structure of thoughts or the constitution of facts. This book focuses on the very idea of logical form, which is directly relevant to any principled reflection on that method. Its central thesis is that there is no such thing as a correct answer to the question of what is logical form: two significantly different notions of logical form are needed to fulfill two major theoretical roles that pertain respectively to logic and to semantics. This thesis has a negative and a positive side. The negative side is that a deeply rooted presumption about logical form turns out to be overly optimistic: there is no unique notion of logical form that can play both roles. The positive side is that the distinction between two notions of logical form, once properly spelled out, sheds light on some fundamental issues concerning the relation between logic and language.

Language, Form, and Logic

Author : Peter Ludlow
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199591539
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Form, and Logic by : Peter Ludlow

Download or read book Language, Form, and Logic written by Peter Ludlow and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes an idea first explored by medieval logicians 800 years ago and revisits it armed with the tools of contemporary linguistics, logic, and computer science. The idea - the Holy Grail of the medieval logicians - was the thought that all of logic could be reduced to two very simple rules that are sensitive to logical polarity (for example, the presence and absence of negations). Ludlow and Živanović pursue this idea and show how it has profound consequences for our understanding of the nature of human inferential capacities. They also show its consequences for some of the deepest issues in contemporary linguistics, including the nature of quantification, puzzles about discourse anaphora and pragmatics, and even insights into the source of aboutness in natural language. The key to their enterprise is a formal relation they call "p-scope" - a polarity-sensitive relation that controls the operations that can be carried out in their Dynamic Deductive System. They show that with p-scope in play, deductions can be carried out using sublogical operations like those they call COPY and PRUNE - operations that are simple syntactic operations on sentences. They prove that the resulting deductive system is complete and sound. The result is a beautiful formal tapestry in which p-scope unlocks important properties of natural language, including the property of "restrictedness," which they prove to be equivalent to the semantic notion of conservativity. More than that, they show that restrictedness is also a key to understanding quantification and discourse anaphora, and many other linguistic phenomena.

Logical Form and Language

Author : Gerhard Preyer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780199245550
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (455 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Form and Language by : Gerhard Preyer

Download or read book Logical Form and Language written by Gerhard Preyer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seventeen specially written essays by eminent philosophers and linguists appear for the first time in this anthology, all with the central theme of logical form - a fundamental issue in analytical philosophy and linguistic theory.

Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis

Author : Denise Eide
Publisher : Logic of English, Inc
ISBN 13 : 1936706075
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis by : Denise Eide

Download or read book Uncovering the Logic of English: A Common-Sense Solution to America's Literacy Crisis written by Denise Eide and published by Logic of English, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-27 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "English is so illogical!" It is generally believed that English is a language of exceptions. For many, learning to spell and read is frustrating. For some, it is impossible... especially for the 29% of Americans who are functionally illiterate. But what if the problem is not the language itself, but the rules we were taught? What if we could see the complexity of English as a powerful tool rather than a hindrance? --Denise Eide Uncovering the Logic of English challenges the notion that English is illogical by systematically explaining English spelling and answering questions like "Why is there a silent final E in have, large, and house?" and "Why is discussion spelled with -sion rather than -tion?" With easy-to-read examples and anecdotes, this book describes: - the phonograms and spelling rules which explain 98% of English words - how English words are formed and how this knowledge can revolutionize vocabulary development - how understanding the reasons behind English spelling prevents students from needing to guess The author's inspiring commentary makes a compelling case that understanding the logic of English could transform literacy education and help solve America's literacy crisis. Thorough and filled with the latest linguistic and reading research, Uncovering the Logic of English demonstrates why this systematic approach should be as foundational to our education as 1+1=2.

Language, Form(s) of Life, and Logic

Author : Christian Martin
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110517396
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Form(s) of Life, and Logic by : Christian Martin

Logical Forms

Author : Richard Mark Sainsbury
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631177784
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (777 download)

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Book Synopsis Logical Forms by : Richard Mark Sainsbury

Download or read book Logical Forms written by Richard Mark Sainsbury and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1991 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Logical Forms examines the formal languages of classical first order logic and modal logic, and some alternatives and in each case takes as the central question: how can natural language best be formalized in this formal language? The approach involves close encounters with issues in the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of logic and the philosophy of language.

Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1

Author : L. T. F. Gamut
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 9780226280844
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 by : L. T. F. Gamut

Download or read book Logic, Language, and Meaning, Volume 1 written by L. T. F. Gamut and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1991 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the two volumes of Logic, Language, and Meaning can be used independently of one another, together they provide a comprehensive overview of modern logic as it is used as a tool in the analysis of natural language. Both volumes provide exercises and their solutions. Volume 1, Introduction to Logic, begins with a historical overview and then offers a thorough introduction to standard propositional and first-order predicate logic. It provides both a syntactic and a semantic approach to inference and validity, and discusses their relationship. Although language and meaning receive special attention, this introduction is also accessible to those with a more general interest in logic. In addition, the volume contains a survey of such topics as definite descriptions, restricted quantification, second-order logic, and many-valued logic. The pragmatic approach to non-truthconditional and conventional implicatures are also discussed. Finally, the relation between logic and formal syntax is treated, and the notions of rewrite rule, automation, grammatical complexity, and language hierarchy are explained.

A Concise Introduction to Logic

Author : Craig DeLancey
Publisher : Open SUNY Textbooks
ISBN 13 : 9781942341437
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (414 download)

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Book Synopsis A Concise Introduction to Logic by : Craig DeLancey

Download or read book A Concise Introduction to Logic written by Craig DeLancey and published by Open SUNY Textbooks. This book was released on 2017-02-06 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic

Author : Laurent Cesalli
Publisher : Brepols
ISBN 13 : 9782503567358
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (673 download)

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Book Synopsis Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic by : Laurent Cesalli

Download or read book Formal Approaches and Natural Language in Medieval Logic written by Laurent Cesalli and published by Brepols. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is medieval logic formal? And if yes, in what sense? There are striking affinities between medieval and contemporary theories of language. Authors from the two periods share formal ambitions and maintain complex, and at time uneasy, relations with natural language. However, modern scholars became careful not to overlook the specificities of theories developed more than five hundred years apart, in particular with respect to their 'formal' character. In 1972, Alfonso Maieru noted that the efforts of medieval logicians to identify logical structures in language formal enough to become objects of scientific consideration. He also stressed that the language investigated is a historical one, Latin, so that one can legitimately wonder to which extent ... one is allowed to speak of 'formal logic' in the middle ages. In other words, medieval logic is characterized by a tension between 'formalist ambitions' and constraints proper to natural language. Today, our knowledge of the field has considerably expanded, calling for a new assessment of the question.

The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language

Author : Luis H. González
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000356515
Total Pages : 86 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language by : Luis H. González

Download or read book The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language written by Luis H. González and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-07 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Fundamentally Simple Logic of Language: Learning a Second Language with the Tools of the Native Speaker presents a data-driven approach to understanding how native speakers do not use subject and direct object to process language. Native speakers know who does what in a sentence by applying intuitively two simple inferences that are argued to be part of universal grammar. The book explains and exemplifies these two inferences throughout. These two inferences explain the native speaker’s ease of acquisition and use, and answer difficult questions for linguistics (transitivity, case, semantic roles) in such a way that undergraduate students and second language learners can understand these concepts and apply them to their own language acquisition. While Spanish is used as the primary example, the theory can be applied to many other languages. This book will appeal to teachers and learners of any second language, as well as linguists interested in second language acquisition, in second language teaching, and in argument structure.

Language, Logic, and Mathematics in Schopenhauer

Author : Jens Lemanski
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030330907
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Logic, and Mathematics in Schopenhauer by : Jens Lemanski

Download or read book Language, Logic, and Mathematics in Schopenhauer written by Jens Lemanski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chapters in this timely volume aim to answer the growing interest in Arthur Schopenhauer’s logic, mathematics, and philosophy of language by comprehensively exploring his work on mathematical evidence, logic diagrams, and problems of semantics. Thus, this work addresses the lack of research on these subjects in the context of Schopenhauer’s oeuvre by exposing their links to modern research areas, such as the “proof without words” movement, analytic philosophy and diagrammatic reasoning, demonstrating its continued relevance to current discourse on logic. Beginning with Schopenhauer’s philosophy of language, the chapters examine the individual aspects of his semantics, semiotics, translation theory, language criticism, and communication theory. Additionally, Schopenhauer’s anticipation of modern contextualism is analyzed. The second section then addresses his logic, examining proof theory, metalogic, system of natural deduction, conversion theory, logical geometry, and the history of logic. Special focus is given to the role of the Euler diagrams used frequently in his lectures and their significance to broader context of his logic. In the final section, chapters discuss Schopenhauer’s philosophy of mathematics while synthesizing all topics from the previous sections, emphasizing the relationship between intuition and concept. Aimed at a variety of academics, including researchers of Schopenhauer, philosophers, historians, logicians, mathematicians, and linguists, this title serves as a unique and vital resource for those interested in expanding their knowledge of Schopenhauer’s work as it relates to modern mathematical and logical study.

Introduction to Logic

Author : L.T.F. Gamut
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 022679167X
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Introduction to Logic by : L.T.F. Gamut

Download or read book Introduction to Logic written by L.T.F. Gamut and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the two volumes of Logic, Language, and Meaning can be used independently of one another, together they provide a comprehensive overview of modern logic as it is used as a tool in the analysis of natural language. Both volumes provide exercises and their solutions. Volume 1, Introduction to Logic, begins with a historical overview and then offers a thorough introduction to standard propositional and first-order predicate logic. It provides both a syntactic and a semantic approach to inference and validity, and discusses their relationship. Although language and meaning receive special attention, this introduction is also accessible to those with a more general interest in logic. In addition, the volume contains a survey of such topics as definite descriptions, restricted quantification, second-order logic, and many-valued logic. The pragmatic approach to non-truthconditional and conventional implicatures are also discussed. Finally, the relation between logic and formal syntax is treated, and the notions of rewrite rule, automation, grammatical complexity, and language hierarchy are explained.

Logic in Linguistics

Author : Jens Allwood
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521291743
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis Logic in Linguistics by : Jens Allwood

Download or read book Logic in Linguistics written by Jens Allwood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1977-09-15 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors offer a clear, succinct and basic introduction to set theory and formal logic for linguists.

Situations, Language and Logic

Author : J.E. Fenstad
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781556080494
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Situations, Language and Logic by : J.E. Fenstad

Download or read book Situations, Language and Logic written by J.E. Fenstad and published by Springer. This book was released on 1987-11-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph grew out of research at Xerox PARC and the Center for the Study of Language and Information (CSLI) during the first year of CSLI's existence. The Center was created as a meeting place for people from many different research traditions and there was much interest in seeing how the various approaches could be joined in a common effort to understand the complexity of language and information. CSLI was thus an ideal environment for our group and our enterprise. Our original goal was to see how a well-developed linguistic the ory, such as lexical-functional grammar, could be joined with the ideas emerging from research in situation semantics in a manner which would measure up to the technical standards set by Montague grammar. The outcome was our notion of situation schemata and the extension of constraint-based grammar formalisms to deal with semantic as well as syntactic information. As our work progressed we widened our approach. We decided to also include a detailed study of the logic of situation theory, and to investigate how this logical theory is related to the relational theory of meaning developed in situation semantics.

An Introduction to Symbolic Logic

Author : Langer
Publisher : Courier Corporation
ISBN 13 : 9780486601649
Total Pages : 390 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Symbolic Logic by : Langer

Download or read book An Introduction to Symbolic Logic written by Langer and published by Courier Corporation. This book was released on 1967-01-01 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Famous classic has introduced countless readers to symbolic logic with its thorough and precise exposition. Starts with simple symbols and conventions and concludes with the Boole-Schroeder and Russell-Whitehead systems. No special knowledge of mathematics necessary. "One of the clearest and simplest introductions to a subject which is very much alive." — Mathematics Gazette.