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Improving The Efficiency Of Common Bean Phaseolus Vulgaris L Breeding Programs Using Molecular Markers
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Book Synopsis Improving the Efficiency of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Breeding Programs Using Molecular Markers by : William Clyde Johnson
Download or read book Improving the Efficiency of Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) Breeding Programs Using Molecular Markers written by William Clyde Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Common Bean Improvement in the Twenty-First Century by : S.P. Singh
Download or read book Common Bean Improvement in the Twenty-First Century written by S.P. Singh and published by Boom Koninklijke Uitgevers. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main theme of this book deals with recent advances in understanding the organization and use of diversity in Phaseolus species, integrated genetic improvement of the common dry bean (P. vulgaris, the world's most important pulse crop), and integrated management of abiotic and biotic production constraints. Combined use of the best of the conventional and modern genetics and breeding technologies and crop management practices for sustained production of this nutritious food are elegantly documented for the first time in this volume. The authors represent a worldwide team of eminent bean researchers. They have prepared a state-of-the-art account on most relevant topics and offer their insights into research directions for the twenty-first century. Food legume researchers in general and those working on beans in particular, advanced degree students, and college professors should find this an excellent reference book and guide for their work.
Book Synopsis Breeding for Sustainability in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) by : Madison Clare Whyte
Download or read book Breeding for Sustainability in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.) written by Madison Clare Whyte and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important legume for human consumption and has an important role in cropping systems as a rotational crop. Improving the sustainability in agriculture is necessary for meeting the food demands of a growing global population while lessening the environmental impact of cropping systems. Developing efficient methods of improving host-plant resistance to dry bean anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) and the symbiotic nitrogen fixation ability (SNF) can enhance the sustainability of common bean as a food crop. A QTL study with the black bean cultivar 'TU', known to possess the C. lindemuthianum race 109 resistance gene Co-5, was conducted to develop molecular markers to deploy in the MSU Dry Bean Breeding Program. Resistance to anthracnose was investigated in an F2 population developed from a cross between 'B19504' (a susceptible breeding line) and TU. 25 SNPs were identified between 6.84 and 24.62 Mb on linkage group 07. Improving SNF in common bean requires a method of efficiently evaluating breeding lines for the trait. Predictive models were developed from remote sensing-derived vegetation indices and machine learning algorithms to assess their ability to accurately and reliably estimate percent nitrogen derived from the atmosphere. A Random Forest model developed to predict nitrogen derived from the atmosphere (Ndfa) using yield and remote sensing (RS) data resulted in an average accuracy of r = 0.54. This model is promising in low nitrogen trials as an early selection tool to identify lines with higher SNF ability. Two prediction models for yield as an indirect indicator of SNF were developed using stepwise general linear modeling (StepwiseGLM) and Bayesian regularized artificial neural network (BRNeural Network) were determined to be accurate and reliable (StepwiseGLM r = 0.64; BRNeural Network r = 0.65). These models are promising in low nitrogen trials as an early selection tool to identify lines with higher SNF ability.
Book Synopsis Common Bean Improvement in the Twenty-First Century by : S.P. Singh
Download or read book Common Bean Improvement in the Twenty-First Century written by S.P. Singh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ) is the most important pulse crop in the world. It is an important source of calories, proteins, dietary fibers, minerals, and vitamins for millions of people in both developing and developed countries worldwide. It complements cereals and other carbohydrate-rich foods in providing near-perfect nutrition to people of all ages. Moreover, a regular intake ofbeans helps lower cholesterol and cancer risks. Despite the fact that per capita consumption of common bean in some developed countries (e. g. , the U. S. A. ) has been increasing over the last several years, in general, the average global per capita consumption is declining because production is unable to keep up with the population growth. Moreover, increasing demand for pesticide-free food products, concern for natural resources conservation, and the need to reduce production costs offer daunting challenges to the twenty-first century policy makers, bean growers, and researchers alike. High yielding, high quality bean cultivars that require less water, fertilizers, pesticides, and manual labor combined with integrated management of abiotic and biotic stresses will have to be developed. Eminent bean researchers were invited to contemplate these issues, prepare a state-of-the-art account on most relevant topics, and offer their insight into research directions into the twenty-first century. Four excellent books have been published covering various aspects ofthe common bean since 1980. These books are: I) Bean Production Problems nd in the Tropics (l SI ed. 1980, 2 ed. 1989), H. F. Schwartz & M. A.
Book Synopsis Genetic Resources of Phaseolus Beans by : Paul Gepts
Download or read book Genetic Resources of Phaseolus Beans written by Paul Gepts and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The period following the second world war has witnessed an expanding commitment to incr~ased food production in tropical countries. Public and private initiatives at the national and international levels have led to the creation of programs geared specifically towards the improvement of food crops in tropical conditions. Examples of this increased commitment are the network of international agricultural research centers and numerous bilateral aid projects. As a consequence, crop improvement has become a truly worldwide endeavor, relying on an international network of institutions and collaborators. This holds also for Phaseolus beans. Following the discovery of the Americas, Phaseolus beans became distributed on all six continents. Yet, until not so long ago, most of the research on Phaseolus improvement took place in developed countries. In recognition of the nutritional importance of Phaseolus beans in developing countries, this has changed considerably in the last years, principally perhaps through the activities of the Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT) and the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR). Consequently, the scope of the research on Phaseolus has broadened considerably and the number of Phaseolus researchers is larger than ever before.
Book Synopsis Toward Genomics-based Breeding in Phaseolus Vulgaris and Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Angular Leaf Spot Resistance by : Tamara Iva Miller
Download or read book Toward Genomics-based Breeding in Phaseolus Vulgaris and Quantitative Trait Locus Mapping of Angular Leaf Spot Resistance written by Tamara Iva Miller and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is consumed by millions of people worldwide and is a staple source of protein, starch and micronutrients. Common bean production across the world is affected by abiotic and biotic stresses that limit the growth and yield of this important crop. Efforts to breed improved common bean for dissemination to farmers and consumers in East Africa is underway in several breeding programs worldwide. Improvement on agronomic and consumer traits such as disease resistance can be greatly aided by the application of next generation sequencing technologies. With the decreasing cost of DNA sequencing, genomic re-sequencing of diverse common bean accessions facilitates marker- assisted breeding that can be used to speed the creation of new common bean cultivars. Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is an important aspect of modern bean breeding that seeks to utilize genetic markers to select individuals with improved agronomic and consumer traits. For example, breeders in the African Bean Consortium seek to introgress known genetic loci conferring resistance to multiple diseases into bean genetic backgrounds with preferred seed and agronomic characteristics. However, the usefulness of markers is dependent on whether they are polymorphic in the specific parents of the breeding program. Often genetic markers identified in a specific plant population are not useful for marker assisted selection among a different set of bean parents, which necessitates identification of novel markers linked to the genes of interest that are polymorphic among breeding parents. One disease that greatly affects common bean production in humid tropical and sub-tropical growing regions is Angular Leaf Spot (ALS; caused by the foliar fungus Pseudocercospora griseola Sacc.). Marker assisted breeding is being used in multiple different bean breeding programs to improve the resistance of adapted cultivars to ALS. The ALS resistance locus, Phg-2, is an important resistance locus used to improve plant resistance to Angular Leaf Spot in South America and Pan Africa, however in the case of the African Bean Consortium breeding programs in East Africa, certain bean parents used for breeding were monomorphic for the original marker used to perform marker assisted selection of Phg-2. In order to facilitate marker assisted selection of Phg-2 in specific breeding parents used in the Uganda bean improvement program, an alternative, co-dominant, marker linked to the Phg-2 ALS resistance locus was developed (Chapter 1). A new marker, g796, was identified which is polymorphic among the breeding parents; its co-segregation was confirmed in a segregating F2 population derived from the cross between French bean variety Amy and the ALS resistance donor, Mexico 54. This work was conducted in collaboration with Stephen Kimno and Esther Arunga at Embu University, Kenya, as well as other members of the African Bean Consortium bean breeding programs in Tanzania, Uganda, and Ethiopia. The application of DNA sequencing to marker-assisted breeding and crop improvement is rapidly becoming common in the development of improved bean varieties. A nearly complete reference genome and transcriptome for Phaseolus vulgaris was released in 2014 and newly resequenced genomes of diverse bean accessions are being developed for the purpose of marker assisted breeding. In Chapter 2, whole-genome resequencing of 29 bean accessions, including accessions commonly used as breeding parents, was carried out in collaboration with the Ratz lab at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT, Colombia). Genetic diversity analysis was performed in order to access the evolutionary relationships between the sequenced bean genomes. Data generated by this work was made available to the larger bean research community and will be used by breeders and geneticists to perform marker-assisted selection and genetic analysis in the future. Angular leaf spot (ALS) occurs throughout Eastern and Southern Africa (as well as other parts of the world) and can cause yield losses up to 80% in environments that favor the disease. ALS is caused by the fungal pathogen, Pseudocercospora griseola, a highly diverse pathogen with many different races that infect diverse types of bean hosts. Growing crop cultivars with genetic resistance to the disease is one of the most effective measures for farmers to reduce crop losses due to ALS. The landrace Mexico 54 is used as a donor for ALS resistance in East Africa and marker-assisted selection of the Phg-2 ALS resistance locus from Mexico 54 is underway in multiple breeding programs in order to increase the resistance of adapted bean germplasm in East Africa and Brazil. Previous allelism tests between different ALS resistance donors suggested additional resistance loci exist in Mexico 54 besides the Phg-2 locus and were named Phg-5 and Phg-6. The genomic locations of the proposed Phg-5 and Phg-6 resistance genes in Mexico 54 have never been investigated, however, the existence of multiple resistance loci in Mexico 54 is likely the cause of its high level of resistance to ALS on multiple continents. In Chapter 3, a biparental mapping population consisting of 167 F8 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) was derived from a cross between Kablanketi, a preferred bean market type in Tanzania, and Mexico 54 in order to map additional quantitative trait loci that confer resistance to ALS in Mexico 54. The identification of novel ALS resistance loci will aid breeders to develop resistant cultivars as well as provide a greater understanding of the genetic diversity that influences resistance to ALS.
Book Synopsis Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement by : Lucia Lioi
Download or read book Genetic and Genomic Resources of Grain Legume Improvement written by Lucia Lioi and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this chapter, we lead the reader through several topics related to common bean germplasm, including crop dissemination across the Old World, landraces developed by farmers, characterization and safeguard of germplasm. These topics are attracting a great deal of attention, especially in recent years, when the international community has become increasingly aware of the relevance of safeguarding plant genetic resources. Early studies were mainly aimed at performing exploratory analyses of agro-morphological traits, with the goal of improving yield and pest resistance. Moreover, phaseolin variation was studied to check the distribution of the two common bean gene pools. The recent development of DNA-based markers has allowed significant improvement in knowledge on genetic variation within the European germplasm, as well as the capacity to trace its divergence from the American germplasm. The different strategies applied to safeguard the European germplasm are described together with their drawbacks.
Book Synopsis Plant Breeding Reviews, Volume 45 by : Irwin Goldman
Download or read book Plant Breeding Reviews, Volume 45 written by Irwin Goldman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-10-21 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops.
Book Synopsis Application of Marker Assisted Selection to Improving a Quantitative Trait in Common Bean (phaseolus Vulgaris L.) by : Kristin Ann Schneider
Download or read book Application of Marker Assisted Selection to Improving a Quantitative Trait in Common Bean (phaseolus Vulgaris L.) written by Kristin Ann Schneider and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes by : Jameel M. Al-Khayri
Download or read book Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies: Legumes written by Jameel M. Al-Khayri and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-08 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the development of innovative modern methodologies towards augmenting conventional plant breeding, in individual crops, for the production of new crop varieties under the increasingly limiting environmental and cultivation factors to achieve sustainable agricultural production, enhanced food security, in addition to providing raw materials for innovative industrial products and pharmaceuticals. This is Vol 7, subtitled Legumes, focuses on advances in breeding strategies using both traditional and modern approaches for the improvement of individual legume crops. Included in this volume are Adzuki bean, Black gram, Chickpea Cluster bean, Common bean, Cowpea, Faba bean, Hyacinth bean, Lentil, Mung bean, Pigeonpea and Soybean. This volume is contributed by 57 internationally reputable scientists from 9 countries. Each chapter comprehensively reviews the modern literature on the subject and reflects the authors own experience.
Book Synopsis The Common Bean Genome by : Marcelino Pérez de la Vega
Download or read book The Common Bean Genome written by Marcelino Pérez de la Vega and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-20 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insights into the genetics and the latest advances in genomics research on the common bean, offering a timely overview of topics that are pertinent for future developments in legume genomics. The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume crop for food consumption worldwide, as well as a model for legume research, and the availability of the genome sequence has completely changed the paradigm of the ongoing research on the species. Key topics covered include the numerous genetic and genomic resources, available tools, the identified genes and quantitative trait locus (QTL) identified, and there is a particular emphasis on domestication. It is a valuable resource for students and researchers interested in the genetics and genomics of the common bean and legumes in general.
Book Synopsis Principles of Cultivar Development: Theory and technique by : Walter R. Fehr
Download or read book Principles of Cultivar Development: Theory and technique written by Walter R. Fehr and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wild Bean Populations as Source of Genes to Improve the Yield of Cultivated Phaseolus Vulgaris L. by : Margarita Mauro Herrera
Download or read book Wild Bean Populations as Source of Genes to Improve the Yield of Cultivated Phaseolus Vulgaris L. written by Margarita Mauro Herrera and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring the Genetic Architecture and Improving Genomic Prediction Accuracy for Yield, Mineral Concentration, and Canning Quality Traits in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) by : Paulo Cesar Izquierdo Romero
Download or read book Exploring the Genetic Architecture and Improving Genomic Prediction Accuracy for Yield, Mineral Concentration, and Canning Quality Traits in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris) written by Paulo Cesar Izquierdo Romero and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important legumes for human consumption worldwide and is an important source of protein, vitamins, and micronutrients in the human diet. This research aimed to i) uncover the genetic architecture of yield, Fe bioavailability and seed micronutrient concentration, ii) characterize the genetic control of canning quality traits, and ii) assess the accuracy of genomic prediction models for yield and end-use quality traits. The genetic architecture of yield and seed micronutrient concentration was assessed through a combination of meta-QTL analyses integrating published studies over the last two decades in dry bean. A Gaussian mixture model was used to determine the number of distinct QTL in the meta-QTL analyses. Consistent meta-QTL over different genetic backgrounds and environments were identified, reducing the confidence interval compared with initial QTL. Furthermore, a genome-wide association (GWA) study with 295 lines of the yellow bean collection and 82 yellow recombinant inbred lines identified a major QTL for Fe bioavailability related to the ground factor P gene. A black breeding panel with 415 lines was evaluated for yield and canning quality traits in two growing seasons. Consistent associations for color retention, appearance and texture of canned beans were identified across years. Genomic prediction models provided moderate to high accuracy for end-use quality traits on the yellow and black populations. The genomic prediction accuracy was related to the heritability of each trait, and improvement of accuracy was observed for complex traits when secondary traits were included in the model, while for traits with major QTL, the use of associated markers as fixed effects increased prediction ability. The use of meta-QTL analyses and GWA in this study lays a foundation of the genetic control of yield and end-use quality traits and reveals the potential of genomic prediction for these traits in dry beans.
Book Synopsis Plant Breeding from Laboratories to Fields by : Sven Bode Andersen
Download or read book Plant Breeding from Laboratories to Fields written by Sven Bode Andersen and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Breeding of crop plants to make them more adapted to human agricultural systems has been on-going during domestication the last 10 000 years. However, only recently with the invention of the Mendelian principles of genetics and the subsequent development of quantitative genetics during the twentieth century has such genetic crop improvement become based on a general theory. During the last 50 years plant breeding has entered a molecular era based on molecular tools to analyse DNA, RNA and proteins and associate such molecular results with plant phenotype. These marker trait associations develop fast to enable more efficient breeding. However, they still leave a major part of breeding to be performed through selection of phenotypes using quantitative genetic tools. The ten chapters of this book illustrate this development.
Book Synopsis Identification, Characterization, and Application of Molecular Markers Linked to Photoperiod Genes in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) by : Weikuan Gu
Download or read book Identification, Characterization, and Application of Molecular Markers Linked to Photoperiod Genes in Common Bean (Phaseolus Vulgaris L) written by Weikuan Gu and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Drought phenotyping in crops: From theory to practice by : Philippe Monneveux
Download or read book Drought phenotyping in crops: From theory to practice written by Philippe Monneveux and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topic is a unique attempt to simultaneously tackle theoretical and practical aspects in drought phenotyping, through both crop-specific and cross-cutting approaches. It is designed for – and will be of use to – practitioners and postgraduate students in plant science, who are grappling with the challenging task of evaluating germplasm performance under different water regimes. In Part I, different methodologies are presented for accurately characterising environmental conditions, implementing trials, and capturing and analysing the information this generates, regardless of the crop. Part II presents the state-of-art in research on adaptation to drought, and recommends specific protocols to measure different traits in major food crops (focusing on particular cereals, legumes and clonal crops). The topic is part of the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme’s efforts to disseminate crop research information, tools and protocols, for improving characterisation of environments and phenotyping conditions. The goal is to enhance expertise in testing locations, and to stimulate the development and use of traits related to drought tolerance, as well as innovative protocols for crop characterisation and breeding.
