Community College Faculty Overlooked And Undervalued

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Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued

Author : Barbara K. Townsend
Publisher : Jossey-Bass
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued by : Barbara K. Townsend

Download or read book Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued written by Barbara K. Townsend and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public community colleges in the United States enroll approximately 6 million students, about 45 percent of all undergraduates. These students are taught by nearly four hundred thousand full- and part-time faculty members, about whom little is known. The community college professoriate is truly overlooked in the research on postsecondary faculty. When community college faculty are studied, they are often examined through lenses more appropriate for four-year faculty. This volume provides a broad overview of community college faculty: who they are, what they do, and what factors affect their career and work. The authors also analyze community college teaching as a profession in an effort to take a fresh look at community college faculty and their work. The goal is to make all readers come to view community college faculty members as colleague making a distinct contribution to their students and to faculty work. Such an understanding is critical in the current policy environment that values postsecondary education for everyone and sees the community college as a major venue for providing that education. This is the 6th issue of the 32nd volume of the Jossey-Bass series ASHE Higher Education. Each monograph in the series is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education problem, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication.

Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued

Author : Barbara K. Townsend
Publisher : Jossey-Bass
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued by : Barbara K. Townsend

Download or read book Community College Faculty, Overlooked and Undervalued written by Barbara K. Townsend and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public community colleges in the United States enroll approximately 6 million students, about 45 percent of all undergraduates. These students are taught by nearly four hundred thousand full- and part-time faculty members, about whom little is known. The community college professoriate is truly overlooked in the research on postsecondary faculty. When community college faculty are studied, they are often examined through lenses more appropriate for four-year faculty. This volume provides a broad overview of community college faculty: who they are, what they do, and what factors affect their career and work. The authors also analyze community college teaching as a profession in an effort to take a fresh look at community college faculty and their work. The goal is to make all readers come to view community college faculty members as colleague making a distinct contribution to their students and to faculty work. Such an understanding is critical in the current policy environment that values postsecondary education for everyone and sees the community college as a major venue for providing that education. This is the 6th issue of the 32nd volume of the Jossey-Bass series ASHE Higher Education. Each monograph in the series is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education problem, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication.

Community College Faculty Scholarship

Author : John M. Braxton
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119133300
Total Pages : 104 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Community College Faculty Scholarship by : John M. Braxton

Download or read book Community College Faculty Scholarship written by John M. Braxton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-08-28 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While teaching occupies the primary role of faculty members in community colleges, the question remains: To what extent are community college faculty members engaged in research and scholarship? This issue focuses on: the types of research and scholarship performed by community college faculty, the forces that foster or impede the engagement of community college faculty members in research and scholarship, specific examples of community college faculty scholarship that demonstrate the value of this work to the institution and to larger society, and policies and practices at the institutional, local, and state level that support engagement in research and scholarship. This is the 171st volume of this Jossey-Bass quarterly report series. Essential to the professional libraries of presidents, vice presidents, deans, and other leaders in today's open-door institutions, New Directions for Community Colleges provides expert guidance in meeting the challenges of their distinctive and expanding educational mission.

The Completion Agenda in Community Colleges

Author : Chris Baldwin
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475809492
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis The Completion Agenda in Community Colleges by : Chris Baldwin

Download or read book The Completion Agenda in Community Colleges written by Chris Baldwin and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to improve understanding about the complex issues surrounding the national college completion agenda. By highlighting the origins of this agenda and the dilemmas and opportunities it creates for community colleges, The Completion Agenda in Community Colleges: What It Is, Why It Matters, And Where It’s Going describes the many innovations underway nationally. The book is an effort to bridge gaps between practice, policy, and research to provide the reader with a holistic view of community college response to the completion agenda. While this agenda is a positive development it also raises some critical questions. What is the appropriate balance between open access and ensuring more students earn a credential? What can policymakers do to incent innovation among institutions without jeopardizing the strengths of community colleges? In an era of constrained resources, how can colleges improve outcomes when so many students enroll academically unprepared? And perhaps most importantly, how can we collectively increase these outcomes while also ensuring that the credentials attained are high quality and with labor market value?

Faculty Members' Scholarly Learning Across Institutional Types

Author : Vicki L. Baker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119448190
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Faculty Members' Scholarly Learning Across Institutional Types by : Vicki L. Baker

Download or read book Faculty Members' Scholarly Learning Across Institutional Types written by Vicki L. Baker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore an important, yet understudied concept: faculty scholarly learning. Taking a broad view, this volume explains how scholarly learning is defined and conceptualized by scholars. The authors synthesize the recent literature and organize the findings according to Boyer's four forms of scholarship (discovery, teaching, engagement, and integration). They then offer a counternarrative to faculty scholarly learning and the ways in which it is enacted and supported. Recommendations for developing, supporting, and evaluating faculty scholarly learning are also presented. This volume answers: What does scholarly learning look like at different types of institutions? What contexts and/or supports hinder or help faculty members' scholarly learning at the different institutional types? What challenges are noted in the extant literature on faculty work around further study or better understanding of faculty members' scholarly learning across institutional types? This is the second issue of the 43rd volume of the Jossey-Bass series ASHE Higher Education Report. Each monograph is the definitive analysis of a tough higher education issue, based on thorough research of pertinent literature and institutional experiences. Topics are identified by a national survey. Noted practitioners and scholars are then commissioned to write the reports, with experts providing critical reviews of each manuscript before publication.

Community College Faculty: Characteristics, Practices, and Challenges

Author : Charles L. Outcalt
Publisher : Jossey-Bass
ISBN 13 : 9780787963286
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (632 download)

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Book Synopsis Community College Faculty: Characteristics, Practices, and Challenges by : Charles L. Outcalt

Download or read book Community College Faculty: Characteristics, Practices, and Challenges written by Charles L. Outcalt and published by Jossey-Bass. This book was released on 2002-08-15 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "As the essential bridge between students and institutions, community college faculty members play a wide array of professional roles, yet they are often overlooked in the educational lilterature or grouped with four year faculty in ways that make it difficult to see them in their own light. This issue of New Directions for Community Colleges offers multiple perspectives on the ways community college faculty fulfill their complex roles." -- Page 4 of cover.

STEM Models of Success

Author : J. Luke Wood
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1623964830
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis STEM Models of Success by : J. Luke Wood

Download or read book STEM Models of Success written by J. Luke Wood and published by IAP. This book was released on 2014-03-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the U.S. focuses on positioning itself to retain and advance its status as a world leader in technology and scientific innovation, a recognition that community colleges are a critical site for intervention has become apparent. Community colleges serve the lion’s share of the nation’s postsecondary students. In fact, 40% of all undergraduate students are enrolled in community colleges, these students account for nearly 30% of all STEM undergraduate majors in postsecondary institutions. These students serve as a core element of the STEM pipeline into four-year colleges and universities via the community college transfer function. Moreover, community colleges are the primary postsecondary access point for non-traditional students, including students of color, first-generation, low-income, and adult students. This is a particularly salient point given that these populations are sordidly underrepresented among STEM graduates and in the STEM workforce. Increasing success among these populations can contribute significantly to advancing the nation’s interests in STEM. As such, the community college is situated as an important site for innovative practices that have strong implications for bolstering the nation’s production and sustenance of a STEM labor force. In recognition of this role, the National Science Foundation and private funding agencies have invested millions of dollars into research and programs designed to bolster the STEM pipeline. From this funding and other independently sponsored inquiry, promising programs, initiatives, and research recommendations have been identified. These efforts hold great promise for change, with the potential to transform the education and outcome of STEM students at all levels. This important book discusses many of these promising programs, initiatives, and research-based recommendations that can impact the success of STEM students in the community college. This compilation is timely, on the national landscape, as the federal government has placed increasing importance on improving STEM degree production as a strategy for America’s future stability in an increasingly competitive global marketplace. Informed by research and theory, each chapter in this volume blazes new territory in articulating how community colleges can advance outcomes for students in STEM, particularly those from historically underrepresented and underserved communities.

The Wiley Handbook of Gender Equity in Higher Education

Author : Nancy S. Niemi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 111925762X
Total Pages : 592 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis The Wiley Handbook of Gender Equity in Higher Education by : Nancy S. Niemi

Download or read book The Wiley Handbook of Gender Equity in Higher Education written by Nancy S. Niemi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research into gender equity in higher education, inspiring action With this enlightening handbook, you can review the thinking of leading researchers on the current intersection of gender and higher education. The Wiley Handbook of Gender Equity in Higher Education provides an in-depth look at education's complicated relationships with, and in some cases inadequate fostering of, gender equity. The collection offers a bold picture of research into the subject. It also projects future paths of exploration, inquiry, and action for gender equity. Focuses specifically on gender and higher education across the globe, setting the stage for new explorations Examines gender equity in relation to the STEM fields Considers current male participation in higher education Covers gender segregation by major and the issue of women remaining in lower-paying areas The Wiley Handbook of Gender Equity in Higher Education spotlights the continuing and integral role of educational institutions in the struggle for gender equity. Policy makers, university administrators, and researchers can look to this handbook for perspective on recent research as they move forward in the pursuit of more equitable educational environments.

Understanding Community Colleges

Author : John S. Levin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351974971
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Community Colleges by : John S. Levin

Download or read book Understanding Community Colleges written by John S. Levin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-21 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding Community Colleges provides a critical examination of contemporary issues and practices and policy of community colleges. This contributed volume brings together highly respected scholars as well as new scholars for a comprehensive analysis of the community college landscape, including management and governance, finance, student demographics and development, teaching and learning, policy, faculty, and workforce development. At the end of each chapter, the "Questions for Discussion" section helps to bridge the gap between research and practice. Written for students enrolled in higher education and community college graduate programs, as well as social sciences scholars, this provocative new edition covers the latest developments in the field, including trends in enrollment, developmental education, student services, funding, and shared governance.

Online Education

Author : Regina L. Garza Mitchell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470889691
Total Pages : 115 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (78 download)

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Book Synopsis Online Education by : Regina L. Garza Mitchell

Download or read book Online Education written by Regina L. Garza Mitchell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-06-21 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume highlights existing issues in online courses and programs and provides strategies for addressing them as the demand for online education continues to grow. Organizational changes caused by greater reliance on technology for teaching and learning are still not fully understood, and many colleges continue to react to change rather than positioning themselves to take advantage of it. As a challenge to that, contributors to this volume use personal narratives and research to discuss how online education continues to lead to organizational, professional, and personal change. Community colleges are at the forefront of the tremendous growth in online programs. Two-year colleges now serve more than half of all online students, and they are poised for continued growth as more adults seek education and retraining. Despite the acceptance, and even expectation, of online services and programs in education, colleges must address existing issues before expanding these. This volume is an indispensable resource in that process. This is the 150th volume of the Jossey-Bass higher education quarterly report series New Directions for Community Colleges. Essential to the professional libraries of presidents, vice presidents, deans, and other leaders in today's open-door institutions, New Directions for Community Colleges provides expert guidance in meeting the challenges of their distinctive and expanding educational mission.

Jspr Vol 36-N2

Author : Journal of School Public Relations
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1475825838
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (758 download)

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Book Synopsis Jspr Vol 36-N2 by : Journal of School Public Relations

Download or read book Jspr Vol 36-N2 written by Journal of School Public Relations and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Journal of School Public Relations is a quarterly publication providing research, analysis, case studies and descriptions of best practices in six critical areas of school administration: public relations, school and community relations, community education, communication, conflict management/resolution, and human resources management. Practitioners, policymakers, consultants and professors rely on the Journal for cutting-edge ideas and current knowledge. Articles are a blend of research and practice addressing contemporary issues ranging from passing bond referenda to building support for school programs to integrating modern information.

The American Community College

Author : Carrie B. Kisker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1394180942
Total Pages : 679 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (941 download)

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Book Synopsis The American Community College by : Carrie B. Kisker

Download or read book The American Community College written by Carrie B. Kisker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-08-29 with total page 679 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive analysis of community colleges in the United States—updated with the latest research The revised seventh edition of The American Community College is an essential resource for practitioners and graduate students in the field of higher education. This book has been providing up-to-date information and statistics about community colleges for four decades and is a trusted and revered reference. Covering community college students, faculty, curriculum, assessment, finance, governance, and more, this book provide a thorough understanding of the role community colleges play in the American educational system. For educators, policymakers, and philanthropists alike, community colleges are important as the nexus of national efforts to prepare a highly skilled workforce and as the lynchpin of the K-20 education pipeline. This book delivers the facts and context readers need to make informed decisions in the community college space. Written by leading researchers in the field, The American Community College has been thoroughly revised with a greater focus on equity. Further, this edition includes access to online supplemental materials, including end-of-chapter guiding questions and a guide for transitioning from the 6th to the 7th edition. Additional updates include coverage of collaborations with community, economic, and workforce development organizations; a greater focus on entrepreneurship and innovation; recent efforts to improve student persistence and attainment through guided pathways and equity-minded student supports; and the growing emphasis on preparing a skilled workforce via noncredit training, credit for prior learning, micro-credentials, and community college baccalaureate programs. Readers of The American Community College will: Benefit from a comprehensive analysis of the most recent findings and up-to-date information on the American community college. Find completely revised and updated information about recent changes in the community college landscape Obtain current information on student access and outcomes, instruction, student services, and curricular functions Learn from updated tables and graphs that reflect the most current data and incorporate new examples of the services that colleges provide Since it was first published in 1982, The American Community College has become the primary resource that faculty, administrators, trustees, and researchers look to for information on these quintessentially American institutions.

Constructions of Gender

Author : Pamela L. Eddy
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119459893
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructions of Gender by : Pamela L. Eddy

Download or read book Constructions of Gender written by Pamela L. Eddy and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-09-26 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A ground swell of activism on campus is underway to recognize a wider understandings of gender, to support long time marginalized populations, and to open up leadership pipelines that result in a reflection of the populations community colleges servewhich include women, minorities, anddiverse stakeholders. This issue expands on the research regarding the stubborn persistence of the glass ceiling and thinking about constructions of gender, inclusivity, and strategies to advance equity for all. Tackling new and extended conceptions of gender to include issues facing the LGBTQ community; it: highlights the intersections of race and gender, addresses how gender performance continues to influence the experiences of men and women in the 2-year college sector, presents strategies for supporting women leaders updates readers on the Clery Act on campus, and includes strategies for inclusivity. This is the 179th volume of this Jossey-Bass quarterly report series. Essential to the professional libraries of presidents, vice presidents, deans, and other leaders in today's open-door institutions, New Directions for Community Colleges provides expert guidance in meeting the challenges of their distinctive and expanding educational mission.

A Guide to Faculty Development

Author : Kay J. Gillespie
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470600063
Total Pages : 523 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Faculty Development by : Kay J. Gillespie

Download or read book A Guide to Faculty Development written by Kay J. Gillespie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-18 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition of A Guide to Faculty Development was published in 2002, the dynamic field of educational and faculty development has undergone many changes. Prepared under the auspices of the Professional and Organizational Development Network in Higher Education (POD), this thoroughly revised, updated, and expanded edition offers a fundamental resource for faculty developers, as well as for faculty and administrators interested in promoting and sustaining faculty development within their institutions. This essential book offers an introduction to the topic, includes twenty-three chapters by leading experts in the field, and provides the most relevant information on a range of faculty development topics including establishing and sustaining a faculty development program; the key issues of assessment, diversity, and technology; and faculty development across institutional types, career stages, and organizations. "This volume contains the gallant story of the emergence of a movement to sustain the vitality of college and university faculty in difficult times. This practical guide draws on the best minds shaping the field, the most productive experience, and elicits the imagination required to reenvision a dynamic future for learning societies in a global context." —R. Eugene Rice, senior scholar, Association of American Colleges and Universities "Across the country, people in higher education are thinking about how to prepare our graduates for a rapidly changing world while supporting our faculty colleagues who grew up in a very different world. Faculty members, academic administrators, and policymakers alike will learn a great deal from this volume about how to put together a successful faculty development program and create a supportive environment for learning in challenging times." —Judith A. Ramaley, president, Winona State University "This is the book on faculty development in higher education. Everyone involved in faculty development—including provosts, deans, department chairs, faculty, and teaching center staff—will learn from the extensive research and the practical wisdom in the Guide." —Peter Felten, president, The POD Network (2010–2011), and director, Center for the Advancement of Teaching and Learning, Elon University

Academic Motherhood

Author : Kelly Ward
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813553210
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Motherhood by : Kelly Ward

Download or read book Academic Motherhood written by Kelly Ward and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Motherhood tells the story of over one hundred women who are both professors and mothers and examines how they navigated their professional lives at different career stages. Kelly Ward and Lisa Wolf-Wendel base their findings on a longitudinal study that asks how women faculty on the tenure track manage work and family in their early careers (pre-tenure) when their children are young (under the age of five), and then again in mid-career (post-tenure) when their children are older. The women studied work in a range of institutional settings—research universities, comprehensive universities, liberal arts colleges, and community colleges—and in a variety of disciplines, including the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Much of the existing literature on balancing work and family presents a pessimistic view and offers cautionary tales of what to avoid and how to avoid it. In contrast, the goal of Academic Motherhood is to help tenure track faculty and the institutions at which they are employed “make it work.” Writing for administrators, prospective and current faculty as well as scholars, Ward and Wolf-Wendel bring an element of hope and optimism to the topic of work and family in academe. They provide insight and policy recommendations that support faculty with children and offer mechanisms for problem-solving at personal, departmental, institutional, and national levels.

Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue

Author : Christy M. Moroye
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1641130334
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue by : Christy M. Moroye

Download or read book Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue written by Christy M. Moroye and published by IAP. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Curriculum and Teaching Dialogue (CTD) is a publication of the American Association of Teaching and Curriculum (AATC), a national learned society for the scholarly field of teaching and curriculum. The field includes those working on the theory, design and evaluation of educational programs at large. At the university level, faculty members identified with this field are typically affiliated with the departments of curriculum and instruction, teacher education, educational foundations, elementary education, secondary education, and higher education. CTD promotes all analytical and interpretive approaches that are appropriate for the scholarly study of teaching and curriculum. In fulfillment of this mission, CTD addresses a range of issues across the broad fields of educational research and policy for all grade levels and types of educational programs.

Confronting Racism in Higher Education

Author : Jeffrey S. Brooks
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1623961580
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Confronting Racism in Higher Education by : Jeffrey S. Brooks

Download or read book Confronting Racism in Higher Education written by Jeffrey S. Brooks and published by IAP. This book was released on 2013-03-01 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racism and ignorance churn on college campuses as surely as they do in society at large. Over the past fifteen years there have been many discussions regarding racism and higher education. Some of these focus on formal policies and dynamics such as Affirmative Action or The Dream Act, while many more discussions are happening in classrooms, dorm rooms and in campus communities. Of course, corollary to these conversations, some of which are generative and some of which are degenerative, is a deafening silence around how individuals and institutions can actually understand, engage and change issues related to racism in higher education. This lack of dialogue and action speaks volumes about individuals and organizations, and suggests a complicit acceptance, tolerance or even support for institutional and individual racism. There is much work to be done if we are to improve the situation around race and race relation in institutions of higher education. There is still much work to be done in unpacking and addressing the educational realities of those who are economically, socially, and politically underserved and oppressed by implicit and overt racism. These realities manifest in ways such as lack of access to and within higher education, in equitable outcomes and in a disparity of the quality of education as a student matriculates through the system. While there are occasional diversity and inclusion efforts made in higher education, institutions still largely address them as quotas, and not as paradigmatic changes. This focus on “counting toward equity rather” than “creating a culture of equity” is basically a form of white privilege that allows administrators and policymakers to show incremental “progress” and avoid more substantive action toward real equity that changes the culture(s) of institutions with longstanding racial histories that marginalize some and privilege others. Issues in higher education are still raced from white perspectives and suffer from a view that race and racism occur in a vacuum. Some literature suggests that racism begins very early in the student experience and continues all the way to college (Berlak & Moyenda). This mis-education, mislabeling and mistreatment based on race often develops as early as five to ten years old and “follows” them to postgraduate education and beyond.