Academic Motherhood

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Academic Motherhood

Author : Kelly Ward
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813553210
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Motherhood by : Kelly Ward

Download or read book Academic Motherhood written by Kelly Ward and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Academic Motherhood tells the story of over one hundred women who are both professors and mothers and examines how they navigated their professional lives at different career stages. Kelly Ward and Lisa Wolf-Wendel base their findings on a longitudinal study that asks how women faculty on the tenure track manage work and family in their early careers (pre-tenure) when their children are young (under the age of five), and then again in mid-career (post-tenure) when their children are older. The women studied work in a range of institutional settings—research universities, comprehensive universities, liberal arts colleges, and community colleges—and in a variety of disciplines, including the sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Much of the existing literature on balancing work and family presents a pessimistic view and offers cautionary tales of what to avoid and how to avoid it. In contrast, the goal of Academic Motherhood is to help tenure track faculty and the institutions at which they are employed “make it work.” Writing for administrators, prospective and current faculty as well as scholars, Ward and Wolf-Wendel bring an element of hope and optimism to the topic of work and family in academe. They provide insight and policy recommendations that support faculty with children and offer mechanisms for problem-solving at personal, departmental, institutional, and national levels.

Mothers in Academia

Author : Maria Castaneda
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231160054
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Mothers in Academia by : Maria Castaneda

Download or read book Mothers in Academia written by Maria Castaneda and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring forthright testimonials by women who are or have been mothers as undergraduates, graduate students, academic staff, administrators, and professors, Mothers in Academia intimately portrays the experiences of women at various stages of motherhood while theoretically and empirically considering the conditions of working motherhood as academic life has become more laborious. As higher learning institutions have moved toward more corporate-based models of teaching, immense structural and cultural changes have transformed women's academic lives and, by extension, their families. Hoping to push reform as well as build recognition and a sense of community, this collection offers several potential solutions for integrating female scholars more wholly into academic life. Essays also reveal the often stark differences between women's encounters with the academy and the disparities among various ranks of women working in academia. Contributors--including many women of color--call attention to tokenism, scarce valuable networks, and the persistent burden to prove academic credentials. They also explore gendered parenting within the contexts of colonialism, racism, sexism, ethnocentrism, ageism, and heterosexism.

Mama, PhD

Author : Elrena Evans
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813543185
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Mama, PhD by : Elrena Evans

Download or read book Mama, PhD written by Elrena Evans and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, American universities publish glowing reports stating their commitment to diversity, often showing statistics of female hires as proof of success. Yet, although women make up increasing numbers of graduate students, graduate degree recipients, and even new hires, academic life remains overwhelming a man's world. The reality that the statistics fail to highlight is that the presence of women, specifically those with children, in the ranks of tenured faculty has not increased in a generation. Further, those women who do achieve tenure track placement tend to report slow advancement, income disparity, and lack of job satisfaction compared to their male colleagues. Amid these disadvantages, what is a Mama, PhD to do? This literary anthology brings together a selection of deeply felt personal narratives by smart, interesting women who explore the continued inequality of the sexes in higher education and suggest changes that could make universities more family-friendly workplaces. The contributors hail from a wide array of disciplines and bring with them a variety of perspectives, including those of single and adoptive parents. They address topics that range from the level of policy to practical day-to-day concerns, including caring for a child with special needs, breastfeeding on campus, negotiating viable maternity and family leave policies, job-sharing and telecommuting options, and fitting into desk/chair combinations while eight months pregnant. Candid, provocative, and sometimes with a wry sense of humor, the thirty-five essays in this anthology speak to and offer support for any woman attempting to combine work and family, as well as anyone who is interested in improving the university's ability to live up to its reputation to be among the most progressive of American institutions.

Academic Motherhood in a Post Second Wave Context

Author : Hallstein Lynn O'Brien
Publisher : Demeter Press
ISBN 13 : 1927335647
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Academic Motherhood in a Post Second Wave Context by : Hallstein Lynn O'Brien

Download or read book Academic Motherhood in a Post Second Wave Context written by Hallstein Lynn O'Brien and published by Demeter Press. This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors detail what it means to be an academic mother and to think about academic motherhood, while also exploring both the personal and specific institutional challenges academic women face, the multifaceted strategies different academic women are implementing to manage those challenges, and investigating different theoretical possibilities for how we think about academic motherhood.

Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution

Author : Adrienne Rich
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
ISBN 13 : 039386734X
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (938 download)

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Book Synopsis Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution by : Adrienne Rich

Download or read book Of Woman Born: Motherhood as Experience and Institution written by Adrienne Rich and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2021-04-27 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pathbreaking investigation into motherhood and womanhood from an influential and enduring feminist voice, now for a new generation. In Of Woman Born, originally published in 1976, influential poet and feminist Adrienne Rich examines the patriarchic systems and political institutions that define motherhood. Exploring her own experience—as a woman, a poet, a feminist, and a mother—she finds the act of mothering to be both determined by and distinct from the institution of motherhood as it is imposed on all women everywhere. A “powerful blend of research, theory, and self-reflection” (Sandra M. Gilbert, Paris Review), Of Woman Born revolutionized how women thought about motherhood and their own liberation. With a stirring new foreword from National Book Critics Circle Award–winning writer Eula Biss, the book resounds with as much wisdom and insight today as when it was first written.

Making Motherhood Work

Author : Caitlyn Collins
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691202400
Total Pages : 361 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Motherhood Work by : Caitlyn Collins

Download or read book Making Motherhood Work written by Caitlyn Collins and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-05 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The work-family conflict that mothers experience today is a national crisis. Women struggle to balance breadwinning with the bulk of parenting, and social policies aren't helping. Of all Western industrialized countries, the United States ranks dead last for supportive work-family policies. Can American women look to Europe for solutions? Making Motherhood Work draws on interviews that Caitlyn Collins conducted over five years with 135 middle-class working mothers in Sweden, Germany, Italy, and the United States. She explores how women navigate work and family given the different policy supports available in each country. Taking readers into women's homes, neighborhoods, and workplaces, Collins shows that mothers' expectations depend on context and that policies alone cannot solve women's struggles. With women held to unrealistic standards, the best solutions demand that we redefine motherhood, work, and family.

Professor Mommy

Author : Rachel Connelly
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1442208600
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Professor Mommy by : Rachel Connelly

Download or read book Professor Mommy written by Rachel Connelly and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2011-07-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Professor Mommy is designed as a guide for women who want to combine the life of the mind with the joys of motherhood. The book provides practical suggestions from the authors' experiences together with those of other women who have successfully combined parenting with professorships. Professor Mommy addresses key questions—when to have children and how many, what kinds of academic institutions are the most family friendly, how to negotiate around the myths that many people hold about academic life, etc.—for women throughout all stages of their academic careers, from graduate school through full professor. The authors follow the demands of motherhood all the way from the infant stages through the empty nest. At each stage, the authors offer invaluable advice and tested strategies from women who have successfully juggled the demands and rewards of an academic career and motherhood. Written in clear, jargon-free prose, the book is accessible to women in all disciplines, with concise chapters for the time-constrained academic. The book's conversational tone is supplemented with a review of the most current scholarship on work/family balance and a survey of emerging family-friendly practices at U.S. colleges and universities. Professor Mommy asserts that the faculty mother has become and will remain a permanent fixture on the landscape of the American academy.The paperback edition features a new Preface that addresses the public conversation about mothers and work raised in Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In and Ann Marie Slaughter’s Why Women Still Can’t Have it All. The new Preface also answers frequently asked questions from readers.

Motherhood Reconceived

Author : Lauri Umansky
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 081478562X
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (147 download)

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Book Synopsis Motherhood Reconceived by : Lauri Umansky

Download or read book Motherhood Reconceived written by Lauri Umansky and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1996-08 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the early days of second-wave feminism, motherhood and the quest for women's liberation have been inextricably linked. And yet motherhood has at times been viewed, by anti-feminists and select feminists alike, as somehow at odds with feminism. In reality, feminists have long treated motherhood as an organizing metaphor for women's needs and advancement. The mother has been regarded with suspicion at times, deified at others, but never ignored.The first book devoted to this complex relationship, Motherhood Reconceived examines in depth how the realities of motherhood have influenced feminist thought. Bringing to life the work of a variety of feminist writers and theorists, among them Jane Alpert, Mary Daly, Susan Griffin, Adrienne Rich, and Dorothy Dinnerstein, Umansky situates feminist discourses of motherhood within the social and political contexts of the 1960s. Charting an increasingly favorable view of motherhood among feminists from the late 1960s through the 1980s, Umansky reveals how African American feminists sought to redefine black nationalist discourses of motherhood, a reworking subsequently adopted by white radical and socialist feminists seeking to broaden the racial base of their movement. Noting the cultural left's conflicted relationship to feminism, that is, the concurrent demand for individual sexual liberation and the desire for community, Umansky traces that legacy through various stages of feminist concern about motherhood: early critiques of the nuclear family, tempered by strong support for day care; an endorsement of natural childbirth by the women's health movement of the early 1970s; white feminists' attempt to forge a multiracial movement by declaring motherhood a universal bond; and the emergence of psychoanalytic feminism, ecofeminism, spiritual feminism, and the feminist anti- pornography movement.

Teacher, Scholar, Mother

Author : Anna M. Young
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781498503402
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Teacher, Scholar, Mother by : Anna M. Young

Download or read book Teacher, Scholar, Mother written by Anna M. Young and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection deals with intersecting axes of power and privilege in order to advance conversation on motherhood across disciplines. Mother-scholar contributors explore theoretical and disciplinary approaches to academic motherhood, examine its critical and cultural territory, and articulate the challenges of their dual identity.

Do Babies Matter?

Author : Mary Ann Mason
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813560829
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Do Babies Matter? by : Mary Ann Mason

Download or read book Do Babies Matter? written by Mary Ann Mason and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-13 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new generation of scholars differs in many ways from its predecessor of just a few decades ago. Academia once consisted largely of men in traditional single-earner families. Today, men and women fill the doctoral student ranks in nearly equal numbers and most will experience both the benefits and challenges of living in dual-income households. This generation also has new expectations and values, notably the desire for flexibility and balance between careers and other life goals. However, changes to the structure and culture of academia have not kept pace with young scholars’ desires for work-family balance. Do Babies Matter? is the first comprehensive examination of the relationship between family formation and the academic careers of men and women. The book begins with graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, moves on to early and mid-career years, and ends with retirement. Individual chapters examine graduate school, how recent PhD recipients get into the academic game, the tenure process, and life after tenure. The authors explore the family sacrifices women often have to make to get ahead in academia and consider how gender and family interact to affect promotion to full professor, salaries, and retirement. Concrete strategies are suggested for transforming the university into a family-friendly environment at every career stage. The book draws on over a decade of research using unprecedented data resources, including the Survey of Doctorate Recipients, a nationally representative panel survey of PhDs in America, and multiple surveys of faculty and graduate students at the ten-campus University of California system..

Encyclopedia of Motherhood

Author : Andrea O'Reilly
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1452266298
Total Pages : 1520 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Motherhood by : Andrea O'Reilly

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Motherhood written by Andrea O'Reilly and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2010-04-06 with total page 1520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To request a free 30-day online trial to this product, visit www.sagepub.com/freetrial In the last decade the topic of motherhood has emerged as a distinct and established field of scholarly inquiry. A cursory review of motherhood research reveals that hundreds of scholarly articles have been published on almost every motherhood theme imaginable. The first ever on the topic, this Encyclopedia of Motherhood helps to both demarcate motherhood as a scholarly field and an academic discipline and to direct its future development. With more than 700 entries, these three volumes provide information on the central terms, concepts, topics, issues, themes, debates, theories, and texts of this new discipline. Further, the encyclopedia examines the topic of motherhood in various contexts such as history and geography and by academic discipline. Key Features Provides an overview of the topic of motherhood in many and diverse disciplines, such as anthropology, sociology, psychology and philosophy Examines the meaning and experience of motherhood in many time periods from classic civilizations to present day Includes an entry for all the influential theorists of maternal scholarship from the pioneering theories to the more recent writings Covers issues and events of our current times including entries on the mommy blog, the motherhood memoir, terrorism, reproductive technologies, HIV/AIDS, and LGBT families Explores geographical, cultural, and ethnic diversity with an entry for almost every country in the world as well as entries on lesbian, immigrant, adoptive, single, nonresidential, young, poor mothers and mothers with disabilities Key Themes History of Motherhood Issues in Motherhood Motherhood and Family Motherhood and Health Motherhood and Society Motherhood Around the World Motherhood in the United States Motherhood Studies Prominent Mothers In human society, few institutions are as important as motherhood, and this unique encyclopedia captures the interdisciplinary foundation of the subject in one convenient reference. The scope of the Encyclopedia of Motherhood is focused on providing a comprehensive resource to understanding the complexities of motherhood for academic and public libraries, written by scholars and institutional experts in the social and behavioral sciences.

Mothering by Degrees

Author : Jillian M. Duquaine-Watson
Publisher : Rutgers University Press
ISBN 13 : 0813588456
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (135 download)

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Book Synopsis Mothering by Degrees by : Jillian M. Duquaine-Watson

Download or read book Mothering by Degrees written by Jillian M. Duquaine-Watson and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In Mothering by Degrees, I show how single mothers who pursue college degrees in early 21st century America must navigate a difficult course as they attempt to reconcile their identities as single mothers, college students, and, in many cases, employees. As they combine these multiple and often competing roles and responsibilities, they must also negotiate a balance between cultural ideals of motherhood and their own definitions of what it means to be a "good" mother, particularly as those ideals and definitions are shaped within context of post-welfare reform America and the post-secondary institutions they attend. By comparing the experiences of nearly 100 single mother college students attending three postsecondary education institutions in the United States, I illustrate how these women navigate the various obstacles they encounter, especially obstacles related to financial concerns, child care, time constraints, and the "chilly" climate of higher education. In addition, I demonstrate that the women regard postsecondary education not only as a means of escaping poverty but also as an extension of their mothering work, something they do to help ensure the long-term health and well-being of their children. Thus, this project provides a situated, comparative account of the experiences of single mothers who are college students in order to foster a better understanding of the complex ideologies and social structures that influence the life choices and education experiences of members of this important but understudied student population. Finally, the project discusses policies and programs that can help provide better support to single mother and may diminish the challenges they face as they endeavor to complete their education"--

Pregnancy, Motherhood, and Choice in Twentieth-Century Arizona

Author : Mary S. Melcher
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816528462
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis Pregnancy, Motherhood, and Choice in Twentieth-Century Arizona by : Mary S. Melcher

Download or read book Pregnancy, Motherhood, and Choice in Twentieth-Century Arizona written by Mary S. Melcher and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2012-09-20 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mary Melcher's Pregnancy, Motherhood, and Choice in Twentieth-Century Arizona provides a deep and diverse history of the dramatic changes in childbirth, birth control, infant mortality, and abortion over the course of the last century. Using oral histories, memoirs, newspaper accounts, government documents, letters, photos, and biographical collections, this fine-grained study of women's reproductive health places the voices of real women at the forefront of the narrative, providing a personal view into some of the most intense experiences of their lives.

Designing Motherhood

Author : Michelle Millar Fisher
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262044897
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Designing Motherhood by : Michelle Millar Fisher

Download or read book Designing Motherhood written by Michelle Millar Fisher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than eighty designs--iconic, archaic, quotidian, and taboo--that have defined the arc of human reproduction. While birth often brings great joy, making babies is a knotty enterprise. The designed objects that surround us when it comes to menstruation, birth control, conception, pregnancy, childbirth, and early motherhood vary as oddly, messily, and dramatically as the stereotypes suggest. This smart, image-rich, fashion-forward, and design-driven book explores more than eighty designs--iconic, conceptual, archaic, titillating, emotionally charged, or just plain strange--that have defined the relationships between people and babies during the past century. Each object tells a story. In striking images and engaging text, Designing Motherhood unfolds the compelling design histories and real-world uses of the objects that shape our reproductive experiences. The authors investigate the baby carrier, from the Snugli to BabyBjörn, and the (re)discovery of the varied traditions of baby wearing; the tie-waist skirt, famously worn by a pregnant Lucille Ball on I Love Lucy, and essential for camouflaging and slowly normalizing a public pregnancy; the home pregnancy kit, and its threat to the authority of male gynecologists; and more. Memorable images--including historical ads, found photos, and drawings--illustrate the crucial role design and material culture plays throughout the arc of human reproduction. The book features a prologue by Erica Chidi and a foreword by Alexandra Lange. Contributors Luz Argueta-Vogel, Zara Arshad, Nefertiti Austin, Juliana Rowen Barton, Lindsey Beal, Thomas Beatie, Caitlin Beach, Maricela Becerra, Joan E. Biren, Megan Brandow-Faller, Khiara M. Bridges, Heather DeWolf Bowser, Sophie Cavoulacos, Meegan Daigler, Anna Dhody, Christine Dodson, Henrike Dreier, Adam Dubrowski, Michelle Millar Fisher, Claire Dion Fletcher, Tekara Gainey, Lucy Gallun, Angela Garbes, Judy S. Gelles, Shoshana Batya Greenwald, Robert D. Hicks, Porsche Holland, Andrea Homer-Macdonald, Alexis Hope, Malika Kashyap, Karen Kleiman, Natalie Lira, Devorah L Marrus, Jessica Martucci, Sascha Mayer, Betsy Joslyn Mitchell, Ginger Mitchell, Mark Mitchell, Aidan O’Connor, Lauren Downing Peters, Nicole Pihema, Alice Rawsthorn, Helen Barchilon Redman, Airyka Rockefeller, Julie Rodelli, Raphaela Rosella, Loretta J. Ross, Ofelia Pérez Ruiz, Hannah Ryan, Karin Satrom, Tae Smith, Orkan Telhan, Stephanie Tillman, Sandra Oyarzo Torres, Malika Verma, Erin Weisbart, Deb Willis, Carmen Winant, Brendan Winick, Flaura Koplin Winston

Maternal Bodies

Author : Nora Doyle
Publisher : UNC Press Books
ISBN 13 : 1469637200
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (696 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal Bodies by : Nora Doyle

Download or read book Maternal Bodies written by Nora Doyle and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2018-03-19 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the second half of the eighteenth century, motherhood came to be viewed as women's most important social role, and the figure of the good mother was celebrated as a moral force in American society. Nora Doyle shows that depictions of motherhood in American culture began to define the ideal mother by her emotional and spiritual roles rather than by her physical work as a mother. As a result of this new vision, lower-class women and non-white women came to be excluded from the identity of the good mother because American culture defined them in terms of their physical labor. However, Doyle also shows that childbearing women contradicted the ideal of the disembodied mother in their personal accounts and instead perceived motherhood as fundamentally defined by the work of their bodies. Enslaved women were keenly aware that their reproductive bodies carried a literal price, while middle-class and elite white women dwelled on the physical sensations of childbearing and childrearing. Thus motherhood in this period was marked by tension between the lived experience of the maternal body and the increasingly ethereal vision of the ideal mother that permeated American print culture.

The Chicana Motherwork Anthology

Author : Cecilia Caballero
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
ISBN 13 : 0816539766
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (165 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chicana Motherwork Anthology by : Cecilia Caballero

Download or read book The Chicana Motherwork Anthology written by Cecilia Caballero and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2019-03-19 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chicana M(other)work Anthology weaves together emerging scholarship and testimonios by and about self-identified Chicana and Women of Color mother-scholars, activists, and allies who center mothering as transformative labor through an intersectional lens. Contributors provide narratives that make feminized labor visible and that prioritize collective action and holistic healing for mother-scholars of color, their children, and their communities within and outside academia. The volume is organized in four parts: (1) separation, migration, state violence, and detention; (2) Chicana/Latina/WOC mother-activists; (3) intergenerational mothering; and (4) loss, reproductive justice, and holistic pregnancy. Contributors offer a just framework for Chicana and Women of Color mother-scholars, activists, and allies to thrive within and outside of the academy. They describe a new interpretation of motherwork that addresses the layers of care work needed for collective resistance to structural oppression and inequality. This anthology is a call to action for justice. Contributions are both theoretical and epistemological, and they offer an understanding of motherwork through Chicana and Women of Color experiences.

The Oldest Vocation

Author : Clarissa W. Atkinson
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 150174089X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oldest Vocation by : Clarissa W. Atkinson

Download or read book The Oldest Vocation written by Clarissa W. Atkinson and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to an old story, a woman concealed her sex and ruled as pope for a few years in the ninth century. Pope Joan was not betrayed by a lover or discovered by an enemy; her downfall came when she went into labor during a papal procession through the streets of Rome. From the myth of Joan to the experiences of saints, nuns, and ordinary women, The Oldest Vocation brings to life both the richness and the troubling contradictions of Christian motherhood in medieval Europe. After tracing the roots of medieval ideologies of motherhood in early Christianity, Clarissa W. Atkinson reconstructs the physiological assumptions underlying medieval notions about women's bodies and reproduction; inherited from Greek science and popularized through the practice of midwifery, these assumptions helped shape common beliefs about what mothers were. She then describes the development of "spiritual motherhood" both as a concept emerging out of monastic ideologies in the early Middle Ages and as a reality in the lives of certain remarkable women. Atkinson explores the theological dimensions of medieval motherhood by discussing the cult of the Virgin Mary in twelfth-century art, story, and religious expression. She also offers a fascinating new perspective on the women saints of the later Middle Ages, many of whom were mothers; their lives and cults forged new relationships between maternity and holiness. The Oldest Vocation concludes where most histories of motherhood begin—in early modern Europe, when the family was institutionalized as a center of religious and social organization. Anyone interested in the status of motherhood, or in women's history, the cultural history of the Middle Ages, or the history of religion will want to read this book.