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Author : Jinxia Zhu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)
Download or read book Assessment of Tissue Micro-structure with Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Jinxia Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julien Valette
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889458415
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Assessing Cellular Microstructure in Biological Tissues using In Vivo Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance written by Julien Valette and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-05-16 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and spectroscopy (MRS) techniques have opened new doors for examining biological tissues in vivo. By combining sensitization to diffusion using magnetic field gradients with a variety of imaging and localization schemes, diffusion-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRS allow investigating translational diffusion of endogenous molecules, such as water or metabolites, in biological tissues, most commonly the brain but also other organs such as the prostate. The typical voxel resolution of MRI or MRS is in the millimeter to centimeter range, much lower than the cellular scale. However, as molecules are typically diffusing over just a few µm during the duration of the measurement (the “diffusion time”) and encounter numerous biological membranes at these scales, the average cellular microstructure has a critical influence on the measured diffusion signal. Hence, diffusion-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRS are sensitive to tissue microstructure at a scale well below the nominal imaging resolution. However, the connection between diffusion properties and tissue microstructure remains indirect, so any attempt to quantify microstructure will rely on modeling. The goal of this Research Topic was to gather experts in various acquisition and modeling strategies and show how these approaches, despite their own strengths and weaknesses, can yield unique information about cellular microstructure, and sometimes complement each other.
Author : Maryam Afzali
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832550754
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging (DW-MRI) and Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy (DW-MRS) written by Maryam Afzali and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-06-26 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a unique technique that provides tissue-specific contrast non-invasively. However, even at ultra-high field, resolution remains on the millimeter scale, far above cellular microstructure. Taking the fact that diffusion of nuclear spins in magnetic field gradients results in a characteristic signal loss, MRI can be sensitized to water-diffusion (DW-MRI) to recover microstructural information indirectly. Diffusion-Weighted MR Spectroscopy (DW-MRS) goes one step further by not measuring the diffusion of tissue water but of cell-type specific metabolites. Given that, both techniques can provide complementary information: DW-MRI on water diffusion with high spatial resolution but without cellular specificity, and DW-MRS on cell-type specific metabolite diffusion but with a limited spatial resolution (single-volume) and at a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). To meet the needs of sophisticated tissue and cell modeling strategies to derive quantitative microstructural measures both techniques have to be sensitized to specific length scales and structural features. This can only be achieved by constant development in sequence design, diffusion-encoding, tissue modeling, data processing, and technical equipment. This research topic aims to attract contributions from all these fields targeting DW-MRI and DW-MRS improvement to accomplish two fundamental goals: (1) providing unique intra-voxel distributions of a set of diffusion parameters instead of an averaged value; allowing the identification of multiple compartments and tissue microstructure, (2) enabling higher accuracy and precision in derived quantitative values. Acquisitional, computational, and pulse design technological breakthroughs have positioned DW-MRI and DW-MRS as powerful emerging modalities for studying biological media, from muscle to the central nervous system, exhibiting extraordinary sensitivity and specificity in differentiating normal from pathologic cell-level processes and microstructural alterations. We welcome studies and manuscripts covering all aspects of DW-MRI, DW-MRS, tissue/cell modeling, study protocol design, or technical innovation: from theoretical studies focusing on the mathematical and physiological background of tissue microstructural modeling, to technical developments, to phantom studies, to novel acquisition and sampling strategies, to improved diffusion encoding techniques, to clinical studies. We are encouraging the submission of the following types of manuscripts: original research and brief research reports, methods, protocols and study protocols, review and mini review, perspective, hypothesis and theory, technology and code, clinical trial, case report, classification, and data report. Topics for submitted papers can be in one of the following general categories: - Development of processing methods, instrumentation, or experimental design of DW-MRI and DW-MRS. - Introduction of new theoretical or simulation models to DW-MRI or DW-MRS. - In vivo (human and animal), in vitro, in silico, phantom, and ex vivo studies are welcome.
Author : Evren Özarslan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030562158
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Anisotropy Across Fields and Scales written by Evren Özarslan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book focuses on processing, modeling, and visualization of anisotropy information, which are often addressed by employing sophisticated mathematical constructs such as tensors and other higher-order descriptors. It also discusses adaptations of such constructs to problems encountered in seemingly dissimilar areas of medical imaging, physical sciences, and engineering. Featuring original research contributions as well as insightful reviews for scientists interested in handling anisotropy information, it covers topics such as pertinent geometric and algebraic properties of tensors and tensor fields, challenges faced in processing and visualizing different types of data, statistical techniques for data processing, and specific applications like mapping white-matter fiber tracts in the brain. The book helps readers grasp the current challenges in the field and provides information on the techniques devised to address them. Further, it facilitates the transfer of knowledge between different disciplines in order to advance the research frontiers in these areas. This multidisciplinary book presents, in part, the outcomes of the seventh in a series of Dagstuhl seminars devoted to visualization and processing of tensor fields and higher-order descriptors, which was held in Dagstuhl, Germany, on October 28-November 2, 2018.
Author : Kei Yamada
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323759971
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (237 download)
Download or read book Advances in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging, An Issue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Clinics of North America written by Kei Yamada and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of MRI Clinics focuses on Advances in Diffusion-weighted Imaging and is edited by Dr. Kei Yamada. Articles will include: Technical Basics of Diffusion-weighted Imaging; Neurofluid as Assessed by Diffusion-weighted Imaging; Diffusion-weighted Imaging is the Key to Diagnoses; Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Spinal Cord; Intracranial Abnormalities with Diffusion Restriction; Brain Anatomy by Diffusion-weighted Imaging; Measuring Perfusion: Intravoxel Incoherent Motion; Temperature Measurement by Diffusion-weighted Imaging; Diffusion-weighted Imaging at Ultra-high Field MRI; Diffusion-weighted Imaging for Radiomics; Diffusion Weighted Imaging for Infants; Diffusion-weighted Imaging of the Head and Neck (Including Temporal Bone); DTI, DKI and Q-space Imaging; and more!
Author : Yonas Tesfazghi Weldeselassie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Tensor Based Analysis of Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images written by Yonas Tesfazghi Weldeselassie and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DW-MRI) is a non-invasive and in vivo medical imaging technique that allows neural tissue architecture to be probed at a microscopic scale. This is possible due to the diffusion of hydrogen atoms within water molecules in the imaging body; thus capturing the microstructure of the underlying tissues. DW-MRI adds to conventional MRI the capability of measuring this diffusion of water molecules by applying strong magnetic field along several gradient directions in order to measure the apparent diffusion coefficients along those directions. In this thesis, we look at modeling diffusion of water molecules with Cartesian Tensors: a model known as Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging (DT-MRI). We begin with 2nd order tensor model which results in an image where at each voxel the preferred direction of diffusion is locally modeled by a 3 x 3 symmetric positive definite matrix whose coefficients are estimated from the DW-MR data. After briefly reviewing anisotropy and distance measures of 2nd order tensors, we extend these ideas to develop a novel anisotropy measure. Tensor distance measures are then used to extend scalar image segmentation algorithms in order to segment tensor images. Next, we present a clinical application of DT-MRI to investigate various features of white matter fiber tracts in the cortico-striatal region of the brain for the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. Finally, we investigate the limitations of the 2nd order tensor model and extend it to higher order tensors in order to correctly depict crossing fiber tracts. In particular, we develop a new technique to model fiber orientation distribution functions using higher order tensors and develop a novel anisotropy measure derived directly from fiber orientation distribution functions.
Author : Nicole Seiberlich
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128170581
Total Pages : 1094 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Nicole Seiberlich and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging is a ‘go-to’ reference for methods and applications of quantitative magnetic resonance imaging, with specific sections on Relaxometry, Perfusion, and Diffusion. Each section will start with an explanation of the basic techniques for mapping the tissue property in question, including a description of the challenges that arise when using these basic approaches. For properties which can be measured in multiple ways, each of these basic methods will be described in separate chapters. Following the basics, a chapter in each section presents more advanced and recently proposed techniques for quantitative tissue property mapping, with a concluding chapter on clinical applications. The reader will learn: The basic physics behind tissue property mapping How to implement basic pulse sequences for the quantitative measurement of tissue properties The strengths and limitations to the basic and more rapid methods for mapping the magnetic relaxation properties T1, T2, and T2* The pros and cons for different approaches to mapping perfusion The methods of Diffusion-weighted imaging and how this approach can be used to generate diffusion tensor maps and more complex representations of diffusion How flow, magneto-electric tissue property, fat fraction, exchange, elastography, and temperature mapping are performed How fast imaging approaches including parallel imaging, compressed sensing, and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting can be used to accelerate or improve tissue property mapping schemes How tissue property mapping is used clinically in different organs Structured to cater for MRI researchers and graduate students with a wide variety of backgrounds Explains basic methods for quantitatively measuring tissue properties with MRI - including T1, T2, perfusion, diffusion, fat and iron fraction, elastography, flow, susceptibility - enabling the implementation of pulse sequences to perform measurements Shows the limitations of the techniques and explains the challenges to the clinical adoption of these traditional methods, presenting the latest research in rapid quantitative imaging which has the possibility to tackle these challenges Each section contains a chapter explaining the basics of novel ideas for quantitative mapping, such as compressed sensing and Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting-based approaches
Author : Wim Van Hecke
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1493931180
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)
Download or read book Diffusion Tensor Imaging written by Wim Van Hecke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the practical aspects of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), from understanding the basis of the technique through selection of the right protocols, trouble-shooting data quality, and analyzing DTI data optimally. DTI is a non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for visualizing and quantifying tissue microstructure based on diffusion. The book discusses the theoretical background underlying DTI and advanced techniques based on higher-order models and multi-shell diffusion imaging. It covers the practical implementation of DTI; derivation of information from DTI data; and a range of clinical applications, including neurosurgical planning and the assessment of brain tumors. Its practical utility is enhanced by decision schemes and a fully annotated DTI brain atlas, including color fractional anisotropy maps and 3D tractography reconstructions of major white matter fiber bundles. Featuring contributions from leading specialists in the field of DTI, Diffusion Tensor Imaging: A Practical Handbook is a valuable resource for radiologists, neuroradiologists, MRI technicians and clinicians.
Author : Daniel Christopher Colvin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Examining Tissue Microstructure with Temporal Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy written by Daniel Christopher Colvin and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lauren O'Donnell
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319111825
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Computational Diffusion MRI written by Lauren O'Donnell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-17 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at the 2014 MICCAI Workshop on Computational Diffusion MRI, CDMRI’14. Detailing new computational methods applied to diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data, it offers readers a snapshot of the current state of the art and covers a wide range of topics from fundamental theoretical work on mathematical modeling to the development and evaluation of robust algorithms and applications in neuroscientific studies and clinical practice. Inside, readers will find information on brain network analysis, mathematical modeling for clinical applications, tissue microstructure imaging, super-resolution methods, signal reconstruction, visualization, and more. Contributions include both careful mathematical derivations and a large number of rich full-color visualizations. Computational techniques are key to the continued success and development of diffusion MRI and to its widespread transfer into the clinic. This volume will offer a valuable starting point for anyone interested in learning computational diffusion MRI. It also offers new perspectives and insights on current research challenges for those currently in the field. The book will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in computer science, MR physics, and applied mathematics.
Author : Yuxin Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (124 download)
Download or read book Development and Assessment of Advanced Quantitative Body Diffusion Weighted MRI written by Yuxin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffusion-Weighted MRI (DW-MRI) has a unique ability to non-invasively probe tissue microstructure without the need for ionizing radiation or contrast agent administration. This ability makes DW-MRI a powerful tool for the detection, staging, and treatment monitoring of cancer. However, DWI remains limited by multiple imaging challenges, especially in extracranial organs such as liver and prostate. The major challenges include: 1) relatively long acquisition time in multi-parametric mapping, 2), T2-shinethrough effect 3) artifacts caused by tissue motion and 4) image distortions arising from local magnetic field heterogeneities. In this thesis, technical developments are introduced to address these challenges in prostate and liver DWI. A STimulated-Echo based mapping (STEM) approach is developed and optimized to achieve simultaneous T1, T2 and ADC mapping within five minutes. The STE-DWI sequence is also evaluated in patients with prostate cancer, in order to achieve high contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) with moderate b-values. To address the motion artifacts in liver DWI caused by cardiac motion, a M1-Optimized Diffusion Imaging (MODI) method is proposed to compensate the motion sensitivity while maintaining the blood-suppression effect using optimized diffusion encoding gradient waveforms. Additionally, reduced Field-of-View and multi-shot EPI acquisitions are assessed in prostate DWI to reduce the geometric distortion artifacts. Finally, a synergistic combination of MODI and multi-shot EPI acquisitions are proposed for motion-robust, reduced-distortion liver DWI. In this work, the feasibility, quantitative accuracy and reproducibility of the proposed techniques are evaluated in simulations, quantitative diffusion phantoms, healthy volunteers and a small number of patients with known or suspected cancer.
Author : Junzhong Xu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (68 download)
Download or read book Diffusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Temporal Diffusion Spectroscopy written by Junzhong Xu and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dow-Mu Koh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540785760
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging written by Dow-Mu Koh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-13 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is a great privilege to introduce this book devoted to the current and future roles in research and clinical practice of another exciting new development in MRI: Diffusi- weighted MR imaging. This new, quick and non-invasive technique, which requires no contrast media or i- izing radiation, offers great potential for the detection and characterization of disease in the body as well as for the assessment of tumour response to therapy. Indeed, whereas DW-MRI is already ? rmly established for the study of the brain, progress in MR techn- ogy has only recently enabled its successful application in the body. Although the main focus of this book is on the role of DW-MRI in patients with malignant tumours, n- oncological emerging applications in other conditions are also discussed. The editors of this volume, Dr. D. M. Koh and Prof. H. Thoeny, are internationally well known for their pioneering work in the ? eld and their original contributions to the l- erature on DW-MRI of the body. I am very much indebted to them for the enthusiasm and engagement with which they prepared and edited this splendid volume in a record short time for our series Medical Radiology – Diagnostic section.
Author : Daniel Topgaard
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
ISBN 13 : 1788017269
Total Pages : 455 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Advanced Diffusion Encoding Methods in MRI written by Daniel Topgaard and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2020-08-17 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The medical MRI community is by far the largest user of diffusion NMR techniques and this book captures the current surge of methods and provides a primary source to aid adoption in this field. There is a trend to adapting the more advanced diffusion encoding sequences developed by NMR researchers within the fields of porous media, chemical engineering, and colloid science to medical research. Recently published papers indicate great potential for improved diagnosis of the numerous pathological conditions associated with changes of tissue microstructure that are invisible to conventional diffusion MRI. This book disseminates these recent developments to the wider community of MRI researchers and clinicians. The chapters cover the theoretical basis, hardware and pulse sequences, data analysis and validation, and recent applications aimed at promoting further growth in the field. This is a fast moving field and chapters are written by key MRI scientists that have contributed to the successful translation of the advanced diffusion NMR methods to the context of medical MRI, from global locations.
Author : Andrea Fuster
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319285882
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Computational Diffusion MRI written by Andrea Fuster and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings of the 2015 MICCAI Workshop “Computational Diffusion MRI” offer a snapshot of the current state of the art on a broad range of topics within the highly active and growing field of diffusion MRI. The topics vary from fundamental theoretical work on mathematical modeling, to the development and evaluation of robust algorithms, new computational methods applied to diffusion magnetic resonance imaging data, and applications in neuroscientific studies and clinical practice. Over the last decade interest in diffusion MRI has exploded. The technique provides unique insights into the microstructure of living tissue and enables in-vivo connectivity mapping of the brain. Computational techniques are key to the continued success and development of diffusion MRI and to its widespread transfer into clinical practice. New processing methods are essential for addressing issues at each stage of the diffusion MRI pipeline: acquisition, reconstruction, modeling and model fitting, image processing, fiber tracking, connectivity mapping, visualization, group studies and inference. This volume, which includes both careful mathematical derivations and a wealth of rich, full-color visualizations and biologically or clinically relevant results, offers a valuable starting point for anyone interested in learning about computational diffusion MRI and mathematical methods for mapping brain connectivity, as well as new perspectives and insights on current research challenges for those currently working in the field. It will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of computer science, MR physics, and applied mathematics.
Author : Moo K. Chung
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110718486X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Brain Network Analysis written by Moo K. Chung and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-06-27 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This coherent mathematical and statistical approach aimed at graduate students incorporates regression and topology as well as graph theory.
Author : Emma Maria Meeus
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (143 download)
Download or read book Investigation of Tissue Microenvironments Using Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Emma Maria Meeus and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) has rapidly become an important part of cancer patient management. In this thesis, challenges in the analysis and interpretation ofDW-MRI data are investigated with focus on the intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model, and its applications to childhood cancers. Using guidelines for validation of potential imaging biomarkers, technical and biological investigation of IVIM was undertaken using a combination of model simulations and in vivo data. To reduce the translational gap between the research and clinical use of IVIM, the model was implemented into an in-house built clinical decision support system. Technical validation was performed with assessment of accuracy, precision and bias of the estimated IVIM parameters. Best performance was achieved with a constrained IVIM fitting approach. The optimal use of b-values was dependent on the tissue characteristics and a compromise between bias and variability. Reliable data analysis was strongly dependent on the data quality and particularly the signal-to-noise ratio. IVIM perfusion fraction (j) was generally found to correlate with dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging derived cerebral blood volume. IVIM-f also presented as a potential diagnostic biomarker in discriminating between malignant retroperitoneal tumour types. Overall, the results encourage the use of IVIM parameters as potential imaging biomarkers.
