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Armed Conflict And Schooling Evidence From The 1994 Rwandan Genocide
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Book Synopsis Armed Conflict and Schooling: Evidence from the 1994 Rwandan Genocide by : Richard Akresh
Download or read book Armed Conflict and Schooling: Evidence from the 1994 Rwandan Genocide written by Richard Akresh and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: To examine the impact of Rwanda's 1994 genocide on children's schooling, the authors combine two cross-sectional household surveys collected before and after the genocide. The identification strategy uses pre-war data to control for an age group's baseline schooling and exploits variation across provinces in the intensity of killings and which children's cohorts were school-aged when exposed to the war. The findings show a strong negative impact of the genocide on schooling, with exposed children completing one-half year less education representing an 18.3 percent decline. The effect is robust to including control variables, alternative sources for genocide intensity, and an instrumental variables strategy.
Book Synopsis Armed Conflict and Schooling by : Richard Akresh
Download or read book Armed Conflict and Schooling written by Richard Akresh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Civil war, and genocide in particular, are among the most destructive of social phenomena, especially for children of school-going age. In Rwanda school enrollment trends suggest that the school system recovered quickly after 1994, but these numbers do not tell the full story. Two cross-sectional household surveys collected before and after the genocide are used to compare children in the same age group who were and were not exposed to the genocide - and their educational outcomes are substantially different. Children exposed to the genocide experienced a drop in educational achievement of almost one-half year of completed schooling, and are 15 percentage points less likely to complete third or fourth grade. Sustained effort is needed to reinforce educational institutions and offer aquot;second chancequot;to those youth most affected by the conflict.
Book Synopsis Armed Conflict and Schooling by : Richard Akresh
Download or read book Armed Conflict and Schooling written by Richard Akresh and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Civil war, and genocide in particular, are among the most destructive of social phenomena, especially for children of school-going age. In Rwanda school enrollment trends suggest that the school system recovered quickly after 1994, but these numbers do not tell the full story. Two cross-sectional household surveys collected before and after the genocide are used to compare children in the same age group who were and were not exposed to the genocide - and their educational outcomes are substantially different. Children exposed to the genocide experienced a drop in educational achievement of almost one-half year of completed schooling, and are 15 percentage points less likely to complete third or fourth grade. Sustained effort is needed to reinforce educational institutions and offer a "second chance" to those youth most affected by the conflict.
Book Synopsis "Leave None to Tell the Story" by : Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges
Download or read book "Leave None to Tell the Story" written by Alison Liebhafsky Des Forges and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: *** Law and Order
Book Synopsis From Classrooms to Conflict in Rwanda by : Elisabeth King
Download or read book From Classrooms to Conflict in Rwanda written by Elisabeth King and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on fieldwork and comparative historical analysis of Rwanda, this book questions the conventional wisdom that education builds peace.
Book Synopsis Women and War in Rwanda by : Georgina Holmes
Download or read book Women and War in Rwanda written by Georgina Holmes and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-25 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on television media reporting of the 1994 genocide in Rwanda and its aftermath, this book explores how African states directly involved in conflict, western states with geopolitical interests in Africa's Great Lakes region, militia groups, human rights activists and NGOs use gendered media narratives strategically, often engaging in politics of revisionism and denial, to change the behaviour of other actors in the international system. Critically analysing BBC documentary films and news features and drawing on interviews with British, Rwandan and Congolese journalists, filmmakers, political commentators and human rights activists Georgina Holmes argues that documentary films and political discussion programmes are postcolonial contact zones, wherein competing actors perform in an attempt to influence international political decision-making on military and humanitarian intervention and public perceptions of genocide and war. The book breaks new ground in understanding how Rwandan and Congolese women actively engage in producing and shaping international public discourse on genocide and war, despite being depicted as silent, passive victims of conflict. This book is essential reading on the gendered dynamics of media reporting on conflicts and will appeal to anyone with an interest in Feminist Security Studies, Political Communication, Media and Film Studies, African Studies, Genocide Studies and International Relations.
Book Synopsis Plight and Fate of Women During and Following Genocide by : Samuel Totten
Download or read book Plight and Fate of Women During and Following Genocide written by Samuel Totten and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The plight and fate of female victims during the course of genocide is radically and profoundly different from their male counterparts. Like males, female victims suffer demonization, ostracism, discrimination, and deprivation of their basic human rights. They are often rounded up, deported, and killed. But, unlike most men, women are subjected to rape, gang rape, and mass rape. Such assaults and degradation can, and often do, result in horrible injuries to their reproductive systems and unwanted pregnancies. This volume takes one stride towards assessing these grievances, and argues against policies calculated to continue such indifference to great human suffering. The horror and pain suffered by females does not end with the act of rape. There is always the fear, and reality, of being infected with HIV/AIDS. Concomitantly, there is the possibility of becoming pregnant.Then, there is the birth of the babies. For some, the very sight of the babies and children reminds mothers of the horrific violations they suffered. When mothers harbor deep-seated hatred or distain for such children, it results in more misery. The hatred may be so great that children born of rape leave home early in order to fend for themselves on the street. This seventh volume in the Genocide series will provoke debate, discussion, reflection and, ultimately, action. The issues presented include ongoing mass rape of girls and women during periods of war and genocide, ostracism of female victims, terrible psychological and physical wounds, the plight of offspring resulting from rapes, and the critical need for medical and psychological services.
Book Synopsis A People Betrayed by : Linda Melvern
Download or read book A People Betrayed written by Linda Melvern and published by Zed Books Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Events in Rwanda in 1994 mark a landmark in the history of modern genocide. Up to one million people were killed in a planned public and political campaign. In the face of indisputable evidence, the Security Council of the United Nations failed to respond. In this classic of investigative journalism, Linda Melvern tells the compelling story of what happened. She holds governments to account, showing how individuals could have prevented what was happening and didn't do so. The book also reveals the unrecognised heroism of those who stayed on during the genocide, volunteer peacekeepers and those who ran emergency medical care. Fifteen years on, this new edition examines the ongoing impact of the 1948 Genocide Convention and the shock waves Rwanda caused around the world. Based on fresh interviews with key players and newly-released documents, A People Betrayed is a shocking indictment of the way Rwanda is and was forgotten and how today it is remembered in the West.
Download or read book Lasting Wounds written by and published by Human Rights Watch. This book was released on 2003 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Path to Genocide in Rwanda by : Omar Shahabudin McDoom
Download or read book The Path to Genocide in Rwanda written by Omar Shahabudin McDoom and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-11 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses unique field data to offer a rigorous explanation of how Rwanda's genocide occurred and why Rwandans participated in it.
Book Synopsis Tested to the Limit by : Consolee Nishimwe
Download or read book Tested to the Limit written by Consolee Nishimwe and published by BalboaPress. This book was released on 2012-06-27 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “If there is one book you should read on the Rwandan Genocide, this is it. Tested to the Limit—A Genocide Survivor’s Story of Pain, Resilience, and Hope is a riveting and courageous account from the perspective of a fourteen year- old girl. It’s a powerful story you will never forget.” —Francine LeFrak, founder of Same Sky and award-winning producer “That someone who survived such a horrific, life-altering experience as the Rwandan genocide could find the courage to share her story truly amazes me. But even more incredible is that Consolee Nishimwe refused to let the inhumane acts she suffered strip away her humanity, zest for life and positive outlook for a better future. After reading Tested to the Limit, I am in awe of the unyielding strength and resilience of the human spirit to overcome against all odds.” —Kate Ferguson, senior editor, POZ magazine “Consolee Nishimwe’s story of resilience, perseverance, and grace after surviving genocide, rape, and torture is a testament to the transformative power of unyielding faith and a commitment to love. Her inspiring narrative about compassionate courage and honest revelations about her spiritual path in the face of unthinkable adversity remind us that hope is eternal, and miracles happen every day.” —Jamia Wilson, vice president of programs, Women’s Media Center, New York
Book Synopsis Narrating and Teaching the Nation by : Denise Bentrovato
Download or read book Narrating and Teaching the Nation written by Denise Bentrovato and published by V&R Unipress. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book investigates the politics of education in pre- and post-genocide Rwanda, examining the actors, interests, and discourses that have historically influenced educational policy and practice and in particular the production and revision of history curricula and textbooks.This study combines a systematic historical and comparative analysis of curricula and textbooks in Rwanda, stakeholder interviews, classroom observations, and a large-scale investigation of pupils' understandings of the country's history. Written at a crucial time of transition in Rwanda, it illuminates the role of education as a powerful means of socialisation through which dominant discourses and related belief systems have been transmitted to the younger generations, thus moulding the nation. It outlines emergent challenges and possibilities, urging a move away from the use of history teaching to disseminate a conveniently selective official history towards practices that promote critical thinking and reflect the heterogeneity characteristic of Rwanda's post-genocide society.
Download or read book The Hidden Crisis written by and published by UNESCO. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When wars break out, international attention and media reporting invariably focus on the most immediate images of human suffering. Yet behind these images is a hidden crisis. Across many of the world's poorest countries, armed conflict is destroying not just school infrastructure, but the hopes and ambitions of generations of children. The hidden crisis: Armed conflict and education documents the devastating effects of armed conflict on education. It examines the widespread human rights abuses keeping children out of school. The Report challenges an international aid system that is failing conflict-affected states, with damaging consequences for education. It warns that schools are often used to transmit intolerance, prejudice and social injustice. This ninth edition of the Education for All Global Monitoring Report calls on governments to demonstrate greater resolve in combating the culture of impunity surrounding attacks on schoolchildren and schools. It sets out an agenda for fixing the International aid architecture. And it identifies strategies for strengthening the role of education in peacebuilding. The Report includes statistical indicators on all levels of education in more than 200 countries and territories. It serves as an authoritative reference for education policy-makers, development specialists, researchers and the media
Book Synopsis Primary School Leadership in Post-Conflict Rwanda by : Gilbert Karareba
Download or read book Primary School Leadership in Post-Conflict Rwanda written by Gilbert Karareba and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the current status of primary schools in Rwanda and the history behind their development. It argues that current primary school leaders in the area encounter a wide range of problems relating to conflict prevention, teachers' and school leaders' professionalism, financial and resourcing constraints, student attrition, and parental disengagement, many of which can be attributed to the legacies of war and the genocide in 1994. The book also presents a range of strategies that are pursued by school leaders while dealing with these concerns, as the Rwandan government invests in reconstructing education following the country's turmoil. Through examining the issues of the past and the present, the book provides valuable insights for researchers of educational leadership, school leaders, education policy makers, and those in charge of preparing, developing, and implementing professional development programmes for school leaders and teachers in Rwanda, as well as in other post-war and developing countries.
Book Synopsis Preventing the Bloodbath by : A. Walter Dorn
Download or read book Preventing the Bloodbath written by A. Walter Dorn and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Economic Aspects of Genocides, Other Mass Atrocities, and Their Prevention by : Charles H. Anderton
Download or read book Economic Aspects of Genocides, Other Mass Atrocities, and Their Prevention written by Charles H. Anderton and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-09 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alongside other types of mass atrocities, genocide has received extensive scholarly, policy, and practitioner attention. Missing, however, is the contribution of economists to better understand and prevent such crimes. This edited collection by 41 accomplished scholars examines economic aspects of genocides, other mass atrocities, and their prevention. Chapters include numerous case studies (e.g., California's Yana people, Australia's Aborigines peoples, Stalin's killing of Ukrainians, Belarus, the Holocaust, Rwanda, DR Congo, Indonesia, Pakistan, Colombia, Mexico's drug wars, and the targeting of suspects during the Vietnam war), probing literature reviews, and completely novel work based on extraordinary country-specific datasets. Also included are chapters on the demographic, gendered, and economic class nature of genocide. Replete with research- and policy-relevant findings, new insights are derived from behavioral economics, law and economics, political economy, macroeconomic modeling, microeconomics, development economics, industrial organization, identity economics, and other fields. Analytical approaches include constrained optimization theory, game theory, and sophisticated statistical work in data-mining, econometrics, and forecasting. A foremost finding of the book concerns atrocity architects' purposeful, strategic use of violence, often manipulating nonrational proclivities among ordinary people to sway their participation in mass murder. Relatively understudied in the literature, the book also analyzes the options of victims before, during, and after mass violence. Further, the book shows how well-intended prevention efforts can backfire and increase violence, how wrong post-genocide design can entrench vested interests to reinforce exclusion of vulnerable peoples, and how businesses can become complicit in genocide. In addition to the necessity of healthy opportunities in employment, education, and key sectors in prevention work, the book shows why new genocide prevention laws and institutions must be based on reformulated incentives that consider insights from law and economics, behavioral economics, and collective action economics.
Book Synopsis School Leadership in Diverse Contexts by : Simon Clarke
Download or read book School Leadership in Diverse Contexts written by Simon Clarke and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-06 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: School Leadership in Diverse Contexts demonstrates the centrality of context to understanding school leadership. It offers varied portrayals of leadership in a diverse range of distinct settings. Each chapter highlights the prominence of context in understanding the realities of school leadership, focusing on issues and influences that school leaders face, strategies school leaders adopt to deal with the complexities of their work, and conceptualisations of school leadership relevant to the context. An impressive array of international experts examine this neglected area of research by considering school leadership in nine heterogeneous contexts, providing rich and varied portrayals of school leadership and suggesting ways in which the leadership may be enhanced. School Leadership in Diverse Contexts is an ideal book for undergraduate and postgraduate students, particularly those studying units in educational leadership, comparative education and educational policy. Similarly undergraduate and postgraduate students engaged with development studies, history, sociology, law, human geography will be attracted to this text.
