Transition Towards An Ecosystem Approach To Fisheries In The Mediterranean Sea

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Transition towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea

Author : Vasconcellos, M., Unal, V. (eds.)
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251356173
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Transition towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea by : Vasconcellos, M., Unal, V. (eds.)

Download or read book Transition towards an ecosystem approach to fisheries in the Mediterranean Sea written by Vasconcellos, M., Unal, V. (eds.) and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FAO has promoted the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) as an appropriate framework for the sustainable development and management of fisheries worldwide. With a view to contribute to the identification of lessons and good practices for EAF implementation, this publication documents nine case studies that attempted to put into practice some of the key principles and tools of the approach in the Mediterranean Sea. The case studies were selected to cover a broad range of contexts including smallscale and industrial fisheries operating at local, national and sub-regional scales. It was not within the scope of the publication to evaluate the level of implementation of the ecosystem approach. A specific tool for monitoring implementation is proposed and exemplified. Case studies were analysed with a view to draw preliminary lessons regarding the enabling factors that facilitated the progress made as well as the challenges faced in the transition towards EAF-based management systems. Attention is drawn to key enabling conditions such as favourable policies, legislation and regulatory frameworks, the existence of regional mechanisms for cooperation, favourable market dynamics and social processes, and the relatively low complexity of the fishery systems analysed. A set of factors emerged that contributed to progress during implementation, such as the clear definition of fishing rights, the enhancement of mechanisms for compliance, scientific monitoring and adaptation of management measures, as well as the explicit consideration of biological and socioeconomic aspects in management actions. Further progress in the transition towards sustainable management systems is hampered by external and internal factors. External factors are related, for instance, to environmental changes, the poor regulation and control of competing sectors, consumer behaviour and the governance environment. Issues such as stakeholder representation, knowledge gaps and the availability of sustainable sources of funding are among common internal factors. The authors also discuss how slow progress in the implementation of management plans can generate discredit with the institutions and add additional challenges for any future initiatives to engage stakeholders in participatory management. The case-based results and lessons of how the ecosystem approach to fisheries was considered, developed and implemented in the fisheries discussed in this publication not only contribute to the documentation of current practices in the Mediterranean but may also guide future attempts to further develop the field.

Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas - Advances in Research and Technologies

Author : Violin Stoyanov Raykov
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 288966015X
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas - Advances in Research and Technologies by : Violin Stoyanov Raykov

Download or read book Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries in the Mediterranean and Black Seas - Advances in Research and Technologies written by Violin Stoyanov Raykov and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-09-17 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

The implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management in Gökçeada, Turkey

Author : Ünal, V., Tosuno?lu, Z., T?ra??n, E.M., Vasconcellos, M.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251359520
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis The implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management in Gökçeada, Turkey by : Ünal, V., Tosuno?lu, Z., T?ra??n, E.M., Vasconcellos, M.

Download or read book The implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries management in Gökçeada, Turkey written by Ünal, V., Tosuno?lu, Z., T?ra??n, E.M., Vasconcellos, M. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-04-07 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gökçeada is Turkey’s largest island, and acts as a natural center for the transition points of migrating fish, located at the entrance of Saros Bay, and at a point where the Marmara Sea and the North Aegean waters meet. The banks surrounding Gökçeada, create rich fishing beds. It also hosts Turkey’s only marine park established in 1999. A lack of stock assessments, as well as co-management, has impeded fisheries management capabilities in the region. This document presents a first baseline report on the fisheries of Gökçeada to facilitate its transition to incorporating the principles of an ecosystem approach to fisheries management. This report was prepared as part of the project «Transition to Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management and Designing a Management Plan in Gökçeada, Turkey», carried out in cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and managed by Ege University with the participation of many other stakeholders and financed by the FAO EastMed Project. The first part of the report presents information on the fisheries, and the second section, presents threats to the sustainability of fishing. A review of all existing relevant data was completed in addition to fisher interviews performed in 2020 to properly understand the current state of the fisheries and threats affecting sustainability. The baseline report is the first step towards the preparation of a management plan for fisheries in Gökçeada. The success of this initiative requires the joint willingness and determination of all stakeholders, especially from the official institutions and the fishery cooperative.

Impacts of Environmental Variability Related to Climate Change on Biological Resources in the Mediterranean

Author : Jesus Garcia Lafuente
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832507395
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Impacts of Environmental Variability Related to Climate Change on Biological Resources in the Mediterranean by : Jesus Garcia Lafuente

Download or read book Impacts of Environmental Variability Related to Climate Change on Biological Resources in the Mediterranean written by Jesus Garcia Lafuente and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-29 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Catalogue of fishing gear in the Mediterranean and Black Sea region

Author : Lucchetti, A., Petetta, A., Bdioui, M., Gökçe, G., Saber, M., Sacchi, J., Ozbilgin, H., Carlson, A., Carpentieri, P.
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251380554
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Catalogue of fishing gear in the Mediterranean and Black Sea region by : Lucchetti, A., Petetta, A., Bdioui, M., Gökçe, G., Saber, M., Sacchi, J., Ozbilgin, H., Carlson, A., Carpentieri, P.

Download or read book Catalogue of fishing gear in the Mediterranean and Black Sea region written by Lucchetti, A., Petetta, A., Bdioui, M., Gökçe, G., Saber, M., Sacchi, J., Ozbilgin, H., Carlson, A., Carpentieri, P. and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2023-10-30 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wide variety of marine species of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, found in different geographical subregions and habitats, has led to the development of a highly diversified fishing sector characterized by a broad range of fishing gear. Over time, harvesting marine resources has become more efficient due to a progressively improving understanding of the habits and behaviours of the various target species. In order to find ways to conserve fish resources and the marine environment, there is a need to further study these different types of fishing gear as well as to develop less impactful techniques. To this end, a comprehensive overview of fishing gear and methods in use in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea can facilitate the mitigation of incidental catch of vulnerable species, the mitigation of adverse impacts of fisheries on juvenile fish and discards, the decarbonization of fishing fleets through more energy efficient gear, the development of innovative gear to remove marine litter, and the reduction of lost, abandoned and otherwise discarded fishing gear, to name a few. This catalogue aims to provide such an overview and to describe the main technical characteristics and modes of use of fishing gear in operation in the region, considering specificities and differences not only at the regional level but also at the country and local levels.

The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries

Author : Gabriella Bianchi
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1845934148
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (459 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries by : Gabriella Bianchi

Download or read book The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries written by Gabriella Bianchi and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Sustainable use of aquatic ecosystems is high on regional, national and international agendas and central to the implementation of international agreements on biological diversity, responsible fisheries and fish stock management. Since 2001, when political commitments were made to implement the ecosystem approach, countries have begun to incorporate ecosystem considerations into their fisheries management and have met with varied success." "The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries covers both theoretical andapplied aspects of sustainable management, with a particular emphasis on reviewing concepts and addressing implementation issues in the form of case studies from around the world. Personal experiences are considered from diverse backgrounds and discuss the constraints encountered, strategies identified and best practices to facilitate further implementation."--BOOK JACKET.

FAO publications catalogue 2022

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251359628
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis FAO publications catalogue 2022 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book FAO publications catalogue 2022 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-04-05 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This catalogue aims to improve the dissemination and outreach of FAO’s knowledge products and overall publishing programme. By providing information on its key publications in every area of FAO’s work, and catering to a range of audiences, it thereby contributes to all organizational outcomes. From statistical analysis to specialized manuals to children’s books, FAO publications cater to a diverse range of audiences. This catalogue presents a selection of FAO’s main publications, produced in 2021 or earlier, ranging from its global reports and general interest publications to numerous specialized titles. In addition to the major themes of agriculture, forestry and fisheries, it also includes thematic sections on climate change, economic and social development, and food safety and nutrition

The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries

Author : S. M. Garcia
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251049600
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (496 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries by : S. M. Garcia

Download or read book The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries written by S. M. Garcia and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2003 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecosystems are complex and dynamic natural units that produce goods and services beyond those of benefit to fisheries. Because fisheries have a direct impact on the ecosystem, which is also impacted by other human activities, they need to be managed in an ecosystem context. The meaning of the terms "ecosystem management", "ecosystem-based management", "ecosystem approach to fisheries" (EAF), etc., are still not universally defined and progressively evolving. The justification of EAF is evident in the characteristics of an exploited ecosystem and the impacts resulting from fisheries and other activities. The rich set of international agreements of relevance to EAF contains a large number of principles and conceptual objectives. Both provide a fundamental guidance and a significant challenge for the implementation of EAF. The available international instruments also provide the institutional foundations for EAF. The FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries is particularly important in this respect and contains provisions for practically all aspects of the approach. One major difficulty in defining EAF lies precisely in turning the available concepts and principles into operational objectives from which an EAF management plan would more easily be developed. The paper discusses these together with the types of action needed to achieve them. Experience in EAF implementation is still limited but some issues are already apparent,e.g. in added complexity, insufficient capacity, slow implementation, need for a pragmatic approach, etc. It is argued, in conclusion, that the future of EAF and fisheries depends on the way in which the two fundamental concepts of fisheries management and ecosystem management, and their respective stakeholders, will join efforts or collide.

Innovations in Fishing Technology Aimed at Achieving Sustainable Fishing

Author : Alessandro Lucchetti
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832532608
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovations in Fishing Technology Aimed at Achieving Sustainable Fishing by : Alessandro Lucchetti

Download or read book Innovations in Fishing Technology Aimed at Achieving Sustainable Fishing written by Alessandro Lucchetti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-20 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last fifty years, human exploitation of marine resources has become more efficient as the understanding of the habits and behaviour of the various species available in the sea gradually increased. Thus, technologies have developed naturally over time and fishing gears and practices have become more sophisticated. These technical advances in fishing gear have generally led to more efficient economic fishing operations and better access to resources. However, fishing implies the harvesting of marine organisms directly from their natural environment, therefore general awareness of environmental problems due to the exploitation of fishery resources has also increased. In particular, the poor selectivity of some gears is responsible for the capture of juveniles, immature and undersized specimens of many species, with negative consequences on the state of stocks. In addition, bycatch in marine fisheries is a major source of human-caused mortality of marine megafauna, often leading to the capture of vulnerable species. Finally, many bottom-towed gears are responsible for high impacts on bottom communities and habitats, with cascading consequences on the entire marine ecosystem. All these impacts can lead to changes in the structure, function and integrity of ecosystems, including effects on the food webs and multispecies predator-prey relationships.

Models for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries

Author : Éva E. Plagányi
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251057346
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (573 download)

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Book Synopsis Models for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries by : Éva E. Plagányi

Download or read book Models for an Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries written by Éva E. Plagányi and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews the methods available for examining ecosystem dynamics and assessing the impact of interactions between ecosystems and human activities, particularly fisheries, and their implications for marine fisheries management. It focuses on the currently available models representative of general types such as bionergetic models, predator-prey models and minimally realistic models; with short descriptions given of model parameters, assumptions and data requirements. It discusses the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of each of the approaches; and concludes with some recommendations for the future development of multi-species and ecosystem models.

Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the purse seine fisheries in Lebanon

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251321256
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the purse seine fisheries in Lebanon by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the purse seine fisheries in Lebanon written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pilot case study on the implementation of the ecosystem approach to the purse-seine fisheries in Lebanon initiated in 2016, under the supervision of the Ministry of Agriculture of Lebanon. One of the first steps in the pilot case study was the elaboration of a Baseline Report, which is presented in this publication. The Baseline report documents the available information on the purse seine fishery with the objective to assist with the rest of the management planning process. It describes relevant information about the fishery, the species and geographical areas covered in the case study, the socioeconomic profile of the fishery and the institutional arrangements for its management.

Ecosystem Approaches and Oceans

Author : United Nations. Open-ended Informal Consultive Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea. Meeting 2006
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystem Approaches and Oceans by : United Nations. Open-ended Informal Consultive Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea. Meeting 2006

Download or read book Ecosystem Approaches and Oceans written by United Nations. Open-ended Informal Consultive Process on Oceans and the Law of the Sea. Meeting 2006 and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The publication presents panel presentations and plenary discussions from interested delegations which resulted in important convergence of opinions. The area of focus of the presentation was "Ecosystem approaches and oceans". 20 individual panelists made presentations on the various aspects of the topic. The presentations demonstrate that a lot more is happening than had been understood. Nonetheless, a lot is still to be done, in particular, to deal with issues on the high seas where knowledge and governance systems are weak.

Ecosystem Effects of Fishing in the Mediterranean

Author : Sergi Tudela
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251051924
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystem Effects of Fishing in the Mediterranean by : Sergi Tudela

Download or read book Ecosystem Effects of Fishing in the Mediterranean written by Sergi Tudela and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2004 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most of the major impacts of fishing on the ecosystems recorded around the world occur in the Mediterranean. This variety of interactions is due to four main interrelated factors: the wide range of fishing gear and practices; very intensive fishing; a high diversity of exploited habitats, ranging from shallow water to the deep-sea and oceanic domain; and high biological diversity.

Coastal Ecosystems in Transition

Author : Thomas C. Malone
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119543584
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Coastal Ecosystems in Transition by : Thomas C. Malone

Download or read book Coastal Ecosystems in Transition written by Thomas C. Malone and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-01-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores how two coastal ecosystems are responding to the pressures of human expansion The Northern Adriatic Sea, a continental shelf ecosystem in the Northeast Mediterranean Sea, and the Chesapeake Bay, a major estuary of the mid-Atlantic coast of the United States, are semi-enclosed, river-dominated ecosystems with urbanized watersheds that support extensive industrial agriculture. Coastal Ecosystems in Transition: A Comparative Analysis of the Northern Adriatic and Chesapeake Bay presents an update of a study published two decades ago. Revisiting these two ecosystems provides an opportunity to assess changing anthropogenic pressures in the context of global climate change. The new insights can be used to inform ecosystem-based approaches to sustainable development of coastal environments. Volume highlights include: Effects of nutrient enrichment and climate-driven changes on critical coastal habitats Patterns of stratification and circulation Food web dynamics from phytoplankton to fish Nutrient cycling, water quality, and harmful algal events Causes and consequences of interannual variability The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Read a review of this book in Marine Ecology review of this book

Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the small-scale fisheries in Gökova Bay, Turkey: baseline report

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251312869
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the small-scale fisheries in Gökova Bay, Turkey: baseline report by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Implementation of the ecosystem approach to fisheries for the small-scale fisheries in Gökova Bay, Turkey: baseline report written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gökova Bay is situated in the eastern Aegean Sea, southwest of Anatolia, Turkey. In 1988, a considerable part of the land and marine areas of Gökova Bay were incorporated into a Special Environmental Protection Area. In addition, six nofishing zones were established in 2010. With over 723 identified marine macroscopic species, 34 of which are protected under national and international treaties, the biodiversity in Gökova Bay is considered to be high. Fishing is an important economic activity in the region and has developed as a small-scale enterprise because of the conditions of the coastline, geography and productivity of the bay, and the conservation status of the area. The fishery in the bay is characterized as a typical multispecies and multigear smallscale fishery that targets both demersal and pelagic species, as in many other Mediterranean countries. To secure the sustainability of the fisheries in the Gökova Bay marine protected area (MPA), a pilot case study on the implementation of the EAF in Gökova Bay was initiated in 2016 within the framework and with the financial support of the FAO Mediterranean Project EastMed. Various stakeholders, including fishery cooperatives, non-governmental organizations, several ministerial and other governmental and public institutions, as well as universities contributed to, and collaborated with, the project. This technical paper presents the EAF baseline report that was prepared to complete the planning phase of the project by defining the scope of the case study. It outlines the available information on the small-scale fisheries in Gökova Bay and documents relevant information about the fishery, the species and geographical areas covered in the case study, the socio-economic profile of the fishery and the institutional arrangements for its management.

The Ecosystem Approach in Ocean Planning and Governance

Author : David Langlet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789004389977
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecosystem Approach in Ocean Planning and Governance by : David Langlet

Download or read book The Ecosystem Approach in Ocean Planning and Governance written by David Langlet and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying much needed legal and social sciences perspectives, the book provides in depth analyses of lessons learned and remaining challenges associated with making the Ecosystem Approach fully relevant and operational in various fields of marine governance.

Towards Sustainable Fisheries Management

Author : Alessandro Lucchetti
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781634636988
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Towards Sustainable Fisheries Management by : Alessandro Lucchetti

Download or read book Towards Sustainable Fisheries Management written by Alessandro Lucchetti and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades, the human harvesting of marine resources became more efficient as the understanding of the habits and behaviours of the various species available in the sea gradually increased. Technologies naturally developed over time and fishing systems became more sophisticated and increasingly adapted to catch the most desirable species and sizes. This evolution is still in progress and technological development goes on especially in the Mediterranean area, where small and relatively old fishing vessels are traditionally used. These technical advances in fishing gears have generally led to more efficient fishing operations and improved access to resources and fishing grounds. On the other hand, general awareness on the environmental problems due to the exploitation of fisheries resources has also increased. Therefore, in order to preserve fishery resources and marine environments, fishing gears and their impacts need to be further investigated and less impacting techniques should be developed. In this regard, fishing technologists are responsible to provide fishery managers as well as fishermen and stakeholders, with useful advice and technical solutions for mitigating adverse impacts of fishing gears. By taking these problems into account, the book contents are based on the requirements of ecosystem-approach to fisheries management. The Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries of the FAO (1995) encouraged the use of selective, environmentally safe and cost effective gear and techniques. Thus the book aims at providing information on sustainable fishing technologies, and transfers the expertise on fishing technology to Mediterranean fisheries scientists and end-users such as fisheries managers, administrators, controllers etc. This book is structured to provide information on fishing gear technology, selectivity, bycatch-impact reduction and fishing vessel technology, with particular attention to the Mediterranean context. The information included might be used to learn how to assess the impacts and selectivity of different fishing gears and find technical solutions to mitigate these impacts and to address scientific studies. Furthermore, advices on the properties of fishing vessels affecting energy efficiency have been also considered in order to address possible technical changes to the currents boats. Finally the contents of this book might be considered as a useful tool when preparing management measures as well as for the establishment, enforcement or improvement of fishing rules.