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Towards An International Code Of Conduct For Private Security Providers
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Book Synopsis Towards an International Code of Conduct for Private Security Providers by : Anne-Marie Buzatu
Download or read book Towards an International Code of Conduct for Private Security Providers written by Anne-Marie Buzatu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of private security companies (PSCs) to perform services that are traditionally associated with the state presents a challenge to regulatory and oversight frameworks. Analyzing developments leading to the International Code of Conduct for Security Providers (ICOC) and the ICOC Association, this paper argues that a multistakeholder approach to develop standards adapted for the private sector and which creates governance and oversight mechanisms fills some of the governance gaps found in traditional regulatory approaches.
Book Synopsis Towards an International Code of Conduct for Private Security Providers by : Anne-Marie Buzatu
Download or read book Towards an International Code of Conduct for Private Security Providers written by Anne-Marie Buzatu and published by Ubiquity Press. This book was released on 2015-09-19 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of private security companies (PSCs) to provide security services has been on the rise since the end of the Cold War, with PSCs operating in a number of contexts, including armed conflict and areas where the rule of law has been compromised. The use of private actors to perform services that are traditionally associated with the state is not limited to PSCs, but is emblematic of a growing trend by governments to outsource functions with a view to improving efficiency and cutting budgets. Privatization of public functions can, however, present a number of challenges to existing national and international regulatory and oversight frameworks. In the private security sector these challenges were brought to international attention after high-profile incidents in which PSCs injured civilians revealed difficulties in effectively holding international PSCs accountable. This paper argues that crafting a multistakeholder regulatory approach in which key stakeholders work together to develop standards that are appropriately adapted for the private sector, as well as to create governance and oversight mechanisms to hold these private actors to effective account, helps to fill some of the governance gaps found in traditional regulatory approaches. It recounts the developments leading to the International Code of Conduct for Private Security Service Providers (ICOC) and its governance and oversight mechanism, the ICOC Association, offering an example of the development of an initiative which sets new international standards and elaborates a multistakeholder framework and approach to governance for the private security sector. A recent trend of state and non-state clients requiring compliance with the ICOC initiative in their contracts with PSCs offers a new take on binding international regulation of private actors.
Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies in International Law by : Corinna Seiberth
Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies in International Law written by Corinna Seiberth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many states view Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) as crucial to implementing their security policy. However, reoccurring incidents of human rights violations have led the international community, private sector, and civil society to acknowledge the need for more control over the use of PMSCs. Growing state support for The Montreux Document and an ever growing number of signatory companies to the International Code of Conduct for Security Providers (ICoC) show that self-regulation through non-binding norms has shifted to the center of the debate. This book examines the promises and dangers of emerging non-binding PMSC regulation alongside more traditional forms of law-making, such as plans for an international convention on the use of PMSCs. It offers an in-depth analysis of legal and political developments that led to the proliferation of The Montreux Document and the ICoC. Identifying the state side of duties and corporate responsibility as leaving gaps and grey zones in international law, the book analyzes how both instruments address 'the responsibility to protect' and 'the responsibility to respect.' Covering the Private Security Providers' Association's Articles of Association, the most recent developments on the establishment of a PMSC oversight mechanism are included. Finally, the book provides an original theory of how both instruments could become more effective to protect victims against PMSC human rights violations: The Montreux Document, by developing into a form of customary international law, and the standards of the ICoC framework, by developing into more binding normative standards as a form of 'corporate custom.'
Book Synopsis Private Security and Identity Politics by : Jutta Joachim
Download or read book Private Security and Identity Politics written by Jutta Joachim and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-18 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the self-representation and identity politics of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs). PMSCs have become increasingly important over the past few decades. While their boom is frequently explained in functional terms, such as their cost-efficiency and effectiveness, this book offers an alternative explanation based on an analysis of the online self-presentations of forty-two US- and UK-based companies. PMSCs are shaping how they are perceived and establishing themselves as acceptable and legitimate security actors by eclectically appropriating identities more commonly associated with the military, businesses and humanitarian actors. Depending on their audience and clients’ needs, they can be professional hero warriors, or promise turn-key security solutions based on their exceptional expertise, or, in a similar way to humanitarians, reassure those in need of relief and try to make the world a better place. Rather than being merely public relations, the self-referential assertions of PMSCs are political. Not only do they contribute to a normalization of private security and reinforce an already ongoing blurring of lines between the public and private sectors, they also change what we deem to be ‘security’ and a ‘security actor’. This book will be of much interest to students of private military companies, critical security studies, military studies, security studies and IR.
Book Synopsis Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security Contractors by : Christine Bakker
Download or read book Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security Contractors written by Christine Bakker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outsourcing of military and security services is the object of intense legal debate. States employ private military and security companies (PMSCs) to perform functions previously exercised by regular armed forces, and increasingly international organisations, NGOs and business corporations do the same to provide security, particularly in crisis situations. Much of the public attention on PMSCs has been in response to incidents in which PMSC employees have been accused of violating international humanitarian law. Therefore initiatives have been launched to introduce uniform international standards amidst what is currently very uneven national regulation. This book analyses and discusses the interplay between international, European, and domestic regulatory measures in the field of PMSCs. It presents a comprehensive assessment of the existing domestic legislation in EU Member States and relevant Third States, and identifies implications for future international regulation. The book also addresses the crucial questions whether and how the EU can potentially play a more active future role in the regulation of PMSCs to ensure compliance with human rights and international humanitarian law.
Book Synopsis The international code of conduct for private security service providers by :
Download or read book The international code of conduct for private security service providers written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Non-Binding Norms in International Humanitarian Law by : Emily Crawford
Download or read book Non-Binding Norms in International Humanitarian Law written by Emily Crawford and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-22 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph examines and analyses the phenomenon of non-binding instruments (also known as 'soft law') in the law of armed conflict, or international humanitarian law. It covers the benefits and drawbacks for States and non-States actors as well as their effectiveness and development in the context of armed conflict.
Book Synopsis Legal Sources in Business and Human Rights by : Martina Buscemi
Download or read book Legal Sources in Business and Human Rights written by Martina Buscemi and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2020-06-02 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Legal Sources in Business and Human Rights takes stock of different aspects of Business and Human Rights practice in order to identify and explore some dynamics that are driving the evolution of the legal sources of international and EU law in the field of B&HRs.
Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies as Legitimate Governors by : Berenike Prem
Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies as Legitimate Governors written by Berenike Prem and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the legitimation of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs), focusing on the controversy between PMSCs and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). While existing studies disproportionately emphasizes the ability for companies and their clients to dominate and shape perceptions of the industry, this book offers an alternative explanation for the oft-cited normalization of PMSCs and the trend to privatize security by analyzing the changing relationship between PMSCs and NGOs. It uses the concept of ‘norm entrepreneurship’ to elucidate the legitimation game between these two dissimilar actors. Starting from the 1990s, the book shows that the relationship between PMSCs and NGOs has undergone a transition by literally moving from ‘the barricades to the boardrooms’. After years of fierce advocacy and PR campaigns against PMSCs, today both actors increasingly collaborate in multi-stakeholder initiatives, elevating the status of PMSCs from a scorned actor to a trusted partner in the regulation of the industry. The work offers a comprehensive explanation of when and why this kind of collective norm entrepreneurship is likely to occur. This book will be of interest to students of PMSCs, critical security studies, global governance, international norms, and International Relations.
Book Synopsis The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights by : Barnali Choudhury
Download or read book The UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights written by Barnali Choudhury and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-03-02 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Commentary provides an in-depth analysis of each of the 31 UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights, as well as the 10 Principles for Responsible Contracts. It engages in both a legal and contextual examination of the Principles alongside their application to real world practices at both the domestic and international levels.
Book Synopsis Do the Geneva Conventions Matter? by : Matthew Evangelista
Download or read book Do the Geneva Conventions Matter? written by Matthew Evangelista and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geneva Conventions are the best-known and longest-established laws governing warfare, but what difference do they make to how states engage in armed conflict? Since the start of the "War on Terror" with 9/11, these protocols have increasingly been incorporated into public discussion. We have entered an era where contemporary wars often involve terrorism and guerrilla tactics, but how have the rules that were designed for more conventional forms of interstate violence adjusted? Do the Geneva Conventions Matter? provides a rich, comparative analysis of the laws that govern warfare and a more specific investigation relating to state practice. Matthew Evangelista and Nina Tannenwald convey the extent and conditions that symbolic or "ritual" compliance translates into actual compliance on the battlefield by looking at important studies across history. To name a few, they navigate through the Algerian War for independence from France in the 1950s and 1960s; the US wars in Korea, Vietnam, Iraq, and Afghanistan; Iranian and Israeli approaches to the laws of war; and the legal obligations of private security firms and peacekeeping forces. Thoroughly researched, this work adds to the law and society literature in sociology, the constructivist literature in international relations, and legal scholarship on "internalization." Do the Geneva Conventions Matter? gives insight into how the Geneva regime has constrained guerrilla warfare and terrorism and the factors that affect protect human rights in wartime.
Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Mega-Sporting Events and Human Rights by : William Rook
Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Mega-Sporting Events and Human Rights written by William Rook and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-10-04 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Handbook of Mega-Sporting Events and Human Rights is the first book to explore in depth the topic of mega-sporting events (MSEs) and human rights, offering accounts of adverse human rights impacts linked to MSEs while considering the potential for promoting human rights in and through the framework of these events. Drawing on the contributions of an international group of leading researchers, practitioners and advocates, the book introduces key concepts in human rights and considers how they relate to ethical, social, managerial and governance issues in contemporary MSEs, from inclusion and welfare to corruption and sustainability. It examines the role of key stakeholders in the delivery of MSEs, including organising committees, sport governing bodies, governments, athletes, sponsors and broadcasters, as well as the role of activists and advocates, and presents historical and contemporary case studies of human rights as an active issue in MSEs. The book provides new perspectives on human rights as a lens for understanding modern sport and as a guiding principle for responsible sport that protects the interests of individuals and communities, as well as offering guidance on best practice. It is essential reading for all advanced students, researchers, practitioners, policymakers and stakeholders with an interest in organisation and delivery of MSEs, as well as general sport management, sport policy, sport governance, the ethics of sport, event management, political science, development studies, ethical business or the significance of sport in wider society.
Book Synopsis The Legal Regime Applicable to Private Military and Security Company Personnel in Armed Conflicts by : Mohamad Ghazi Janaby
Download or read book The Legal Regime Applicable to Private Military and Security Company Personnel in Armed Conflicts written by Mohamad Ghazi Janaby and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the modern privatisation of war. It specifically focuses on the legal regime regulating private military and security company (PMSC) personnel in armed conflicts. The law regulating PMSC personnel is analysed from two perspectives. Firstly, can one of the three following legal statuses established by international humanitarian law – “mercenary”, “combatant” or “civilian” – be applied to PMSC personnel? Secondly, the book employs a context-dependent methodology to explore the legal regime regulating PMSC personnel. It argues that the legal regime regulating PMSC personnel in armed conflicts depends on who hires them: individual states, the United Nations, non-governmental organisations, or armed groups. This approach represents a departure from previous literature, where attention has primarily been paid to the use of PMSCs by states.
Book Synopsis The Duty of Care of International Organizations Towards Their Civilian Personnel by : Andrea de Guttry
Download or read book The Duty of Care of International Organizations Towards Their Civilian Personnel written by Andrea de Guttry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-17 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the first comprehensive publication on the duty of care of internationalorganizations towards their civilian personnel sent on missions and assignments outsideof their normal place of activity. While the work of the civilian personnel of internationalorganizations often carries an inherent risk, the regulations, policies and practices of theemployer can help to address and mitigate that risk. In this book, the specific content and scope of the duty of care under international law is clarifiedby conducting an unprecedented investigation into relevant jurisprudence and legal sources.Included is a critical assessment of the policies of selected international organizations while aset of guiding principles on the duty of care of international organizations is also presented. This publication fills a gap in the existing academic literature on the topic and is aimedparticularly at academics and practitioners interested in the legal implications of the deploymentof civilian personnel abroad by international organizations. This includes scholarsand university-level students specializing in international law, international human rightslaw, the law of international organizations, labour law, EU law, international administrativelaw and the UN system, and practitioners, such as lawyers and consultants, representing oradvising international organizations or their personnel on the legal aspects of deployment. The book is also aimed at the senior management of international organizations and at theirofficers in charge of recruitment, human resources, training and security, in that it clarifiestheir legal obligations and provides concrete examples of the policies various internationalorganizations have in place for the protection of civilian personnel. Current and prospectivecivilian personnel of international organizations should also find the book useful forclarifying their rights and duties. Andrea de Guttry is Full Professor at the Dirpolis Institute of the Sant’Anna School ofAdvanced Studies in Pisa, Micaela Frulli is Associate Professor at the Dipartimento di ScienzeGiuridiche (DSG), University of Florence, Edoardo Greppi is Full Professor at the Dipartimentodi Giurisprudenza, University of Turin, and Chiara Macchi is Research Fellow at theDirpolis Institute of the Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies in Pisa.
Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability by : George Andreopoulos
Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability written by George Andreopoulos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have constituted a perennial feature of the security landscape. Yet, it is their involvement in and conduct during the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that have transformed the outsourcing of security services into such a pressing public policy and world-order issue. The PMSCs’ ubiquitous presence in armed conflict situations, as well as in post-conflict reconstruction, their diverse list of clients (governments in the developed and developing world, non-state armed groups, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and international corporations) and, in the context of armed conflict situations, involvement in instances of gross misconduct, have raised serious accountability issues. The prominence of PMSCs in conflict zones has generated critical questions concerning the very concept of security and the role of private force, a rethinking of "essential governmental functions," a rearticulation of the distinction between public/private and global/local in the context of the creation of new forms of "security governance," and a consideration of the relevance, as well as limitations, of existing regulatory frameworks that include domestic and international law (in particular international human rights law and international humanitarian law). This book critically examines the growing role of PMSCs in conflict and post-conflict situations, as part of a broader trend towards the outsourcing of security functions. Particular emphasis is placed on key moral, legal, and political considerations involved in the privatization of such functions, on the impact of outsourcing on security governance, and on the main challenges confronting efforts to hold PMSCs accountable through a combination of formal and informal, domestic as well as international, regulatory mechanisms and processes. It will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, practitioners and advocates for a more transparent and humane security order. This book was published as a special issue of Criminal Justice Ethics.
Book Synopsis Business, Compliance and Human Rights Law by : Gabriel Webber Ziero
Download or read book Business, Compliance and Human Rights Law written by Gabriel Webber Ziero and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-28 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, transnational private regulations (TPRs) have gained importance in the areas of business and human rights, particularly from a consumer point of view. However, some question whether TPRs are indeed suitable normative frameworks contributing to their signatory entities’ compliance with human rights standards and effective avoidance of human rights abuses. In response to this question, this book proposes an analytical concept of effective compliance. Based on the elements identified as crucial for achieving effective compliance, it conducts an in-depth analysis of how TPRs’ normative frameworks function in practice and identifies common patterns and challenges. Such inquiry is based on an interdisciplinary methodological approach between law and sociology, seeking not only to comprehend and assess how law is systematized in theoretical terms, but also to understand how it works on the ground. This allows identification of the lack of active and effective participation of vulnerable stakeholders in the discursive processes established and governed by TPRs, such as rule-making and conformity assessment processes, as the main challenge. Based on such evidence, the book addresses the possibilities of overcoming such challenges, proposing that to fully achieve TPRs’ potential from an effective compliance point of view, legal empowerment of vulnerable groups is essential. It concludes by providing key observations and suggestions that contribute to the use of TPRs as instruments in the struggle for rights of empowered vulnerable stakeholders. The book will be of interest to academics, researchers, and policy-makers working in the areas of international law, transnational law, sociology of law, and human rights law.
Book Synopsis Normative Pluralism and International Law by : Jan Klabbers
Download or read book Normative Pluralism and International Law written by Jan Klabbers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-22 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses conflicts involving how law relates normative orders. The assumption behind the book is that law no longer automatically claims supremacy, but that actors can pick and choose which code to follow. The book covers conflicts between legal orders and conflicts involving law and honor, self-regulation, lex mercatoria, local social practices, bureaucracy, religion, professional standards, and morality.
