Multilevel Regulation Of Military And Security Contractors

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Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security Contractors

Author : Christine Bakker
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1847318991
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (473 download)

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Book Synopsis Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security Contractors by : Christine Bakker

Download or read book Multilevel Regulation of Military and Security Contractors written by Christine Bakker and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outsourcing of military and security services is the object of intense legal debate. States employ private military and security companies (PMSCs) to perform functions previously exercised by regular armed forces, and increasingly international organisations, NGOs and business corporations do the same to provide security, particularly in crisis situations. Much of the public attention on PMSCs has been in response to incidents in which PMSC employees have been accused of violating international humanitarian law. Therefore initiatives have been launched to introduce uniform international standards amidst what is currently very uneven national regulation. This book analyses and discusses the interplay between international, European, and domestic regulatory measures in the field of PMSCs. It presents a comprehensive assessment of the existing domestic legislation in EU Member States and relevant Third States, and identifies implications for future international regulation. The book also addresses the crucial questions whether and how the EU can potentially play a more active future role in the regulation of PMSCs to ensure compliance with human rights and international humanitarian law.

Private Military and Security Contractors

Author : Jr. Schaub, Gary
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1442260238
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Contractors by : Jr. Schaub, Gary

Download or read book Private Military and Security Contractors written by Jr. Schaub, Gary and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multinational team of scholars and experts address the issue of controlling the use of privatized forces by states. They address the role of contract employees, their acceptance by military personnel, and possible tensions between them.

Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability

Author : George Andreopoulos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317520149
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability by : George Andreopoulos

Private Military and Security Companies

Author : Andrew Alexandra
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134081871
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies by : Andrew Alexandra

Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies written by Andrew Alexandra and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-10-16 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book provides an interdisciplinary, state-of-the-art overview of the growing phenomenon of private military companies.

Private Security Contractors and New Wars

Author : Kateri Carmola
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135153280
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Security Contractors and New Wars by : Kateri Carmola

Download or read book Private Security Contractors and New Wars written by Kateri Carmola and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-02-05 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the ambiguities of the growing use of private security contractors and provides guidance as to how our expectations about regulating this expanding ‘service’ industry will have to be adjusted. In the warzones of Iraq and Afghanistan many of those who carry weapons are not legally combatants, nor are they protected civilians. They are contracted by governments, businesses, and NGOs to provide armed security. Often mistaken as members of armed forces, they are instead part of a new protean proxy force that works alongside the military in a multitude of shifting roles, and overseen by a matrix of contracts and regulations. This book analyzes the growing industry of these private military and security companies (PMSCs) used in warzones and other high risk areas. PMSCs are the result of a unique combination of circumstances, including a change in the idea of soldiering, insurance industry analyses that require security contractors, and a need for governments to distance themselves from potentially criminal conduct. The book argues that PMSCs are a unique type of organization, combining attributes from worlds of the military, business, and humanitarian organizations. This makes them particularly resistant to oversight. The legal status of these companies and those they employ is also hard to ascertain, which weakens the multiple regulatory tools available. PMSCs also fall between the cracks in ethical debates about their use, seeming to be both justifiable and objectionable. This transformation in military operations is a seemingly irreversible product of more general changes in the relationship between the individual citizen and the state. This book will be of much interest to students of private security companies, war and conflict studies, security studies and IR in general. Kateri Carmola is the Christian A. Johnson Professor of Political Science at Middlebury College in Vermont. She received her Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.

UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies

Author : Åse Gilje Østensen
Publisher : Ubiquity Press
ISBN 13 : 1911529307
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies by : Åse Gilje Østensen

Download or read book UN Use of Private Military and Security Companies written by Åse Gilje Østensen and published by Ubiquity Press. This book was released on 2011-11-09 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although subject to little discussion, the UN has increasingly paid private military and security companies (PMSCs) for a range of services in the areas of humanitarian affairs, peacebuilding and development. However, this practice has rarely translated into coherent policies or guidelines that could guide the UN in setting standards or ensuring responsible contracting procedures. This paper explores UN demand for PMSCs and identifies the need for a more proactive, sensitive and deliberate political approach in order to avoid potential pitfalls associated with involving PMSCs in the delivery of UN tasks.

Routledge Handbook of Private Security Studies

Author : Rita Abrahamsen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317914333
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Private Security Studies by : Rita Abrahamsen

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Private Security Studies written by Rita Abrahamsen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new Handbook offers a comprehensive overview of current research on private security and military companies, comprising essays by leading scholars from around the world. The increasing privatization of security across the globe has been the subject of much debate and controversy, inciting fears of private warfare and even the collapse of the state. This volume provides the first comprehensive overview of the range of issues raised by contemporary security privatization, offering both a survey of the numerous roles performed by private actors and an analysis of their implications and effects. Ranging from the mundane to the spectacular, from secretive intelligence gathering and neighbourhood surveillance to piracy control and warfare, this Handbook shows how private actors are involved in both domestic and international security provision and governance. It places this involvement in historical perspective, and demonstrates how the impact of security privatization goes well beyond the security field to influence diverse social, economic and political relationships and institutions. Finally, this volume analyses the evolving regulation of the global private security sector. Seeking to overcome the disciplinary boundaries that have plagued the study of private security, the Handbook promotes an interdisciplinary approach and contains contributions from a range of disciplines, including international relations, politics, criminology, law, sociology, geography and anthropology. This book will be of much interest to students of private security companies, global governance, military studies, security studies and IR in general.

Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability

Author : George Andreopoulos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000022536
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability by : George Andreopoulos

Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) and the Quest for Accountability written by George Andreopoulos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-18 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs) have constituted a perennial feature of the security landscape. Yet, it is their involvement in and conduct during the ongoing wars in Iraq and Afghanistan that have transformed the outsourcing of security services into such a pressing public policy and world-order issue. The PMSCs’ ubiquitous presence in armed conflict situations, as well as in post-conflict reconstruction, their diverse list of clients (governments in the developed and developing world, non-state armed groups, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations, and international corporations) and, in the context of armed conflict situations, involvement in instances of gross misconduct, have raised serious accountability issues. The prominence of PMSCs in conflict zones has generated critical questions concerning the very concept of security and the role of private force, a rethinking of "essential governmental functions," a rearticulation of the distinction between public/private and global/local in the context of the creation of new forms of "security governance," and a consideration of the relevance, as well as limitations, of existing regulatory frameworks that include domestic and international law (in particular international human rights law and international humanitarian law). This book critically examines the growing role of PMSCs in conflict and post-conflict situations, as part of a broader trend towards the outsourcing of security functions. Particular emphasis is placed on key moral, legal, and political considerations involved in the privatization of such functions, on the impact of outsourcing on security governance, and on the main challenges confronting efforts to hold PMSCs accountable through a combination of formal and informal, domestic as well as international, regulatory mechanisms and processes. It will be of interest to scholars, policymakers, practitioners and advocates for a more transparent and humane security order. This book was published as a special issue of Criminal Justice Ethics.

Sex in Peace Operations

Author : Gabrielle Simm
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107355346
Total Pages : 251 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex in Peace Operations by : Gabrielle Simm

Download or read book Sex in Peace Operations written by Gabrielle Simm and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gabrielle Simm's critical re-evaluation of sex between international personnel and local people examines the zero tolerance policy on sexual exploitation and abuse and its international legal framework. Whereas most preceding studies of the issue have focused exclusively on military peacekeepers, Sex in Peace Operations also covers the private military contractors and humanitarian NGO workers who play increasingly important roles in peace operations. Informed by socio-legal studies, Simm uses three case studies (Bosnia, West Africa and the Democratic Republic of the Congo) to illustrate the extent of the problem and demonstrate that the problems of impunity for sexual crimes are not just a failure of political will but the result of the structural weaknesses of international law in addressing non-state actors. Combining the insights of feminist critique with a regulatory approach to international law, her conclusions will interest scholars of international law, peace and conflict studies, gender and sexuality, and development.

Private Military and Security Companies as Legitimate Governors

Author : Berenike Prem
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 0429826001
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Private Military and Security Companies as Legitimate Governors by : Berenike Prem

Download or read book Private Military and Security Companies as Legitimate Governors written by Berenike Prem and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2019-06-19 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the legitimation of Private Military and Security Companies (PMSCs), focusing on the controversy between PMSCs and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). While existing studies disproportionately emphasizes the ability for companies and their clients to dominate and shape perceptions of the industry, this book offers an alternative explanation for the oft-cited normalization of PMSCs and the trend to privatize security by analyzing the changing relationship between PMSCs and NGOs. It uses the concept of ‘norm entrepreneurship’ to elucidate the legitimation game between these two dissimilar actors. Starting from the 1990s, the book shows that the relationship between PMSCs and NGOs has undergone a transition by literally moving from ‘the barricades to the boardrooms’. After years of fierce advocacy and PR campaigns against PMSCs, today both actors increasingly collaborate in multi-stakeholder initiatives, elevating the status of PMSCs from a scorned actor to a trusted partner in the regulation of the industry. The work offers a comprehensive explanation of when and why this kind of collective norm entrepreneurship is likely to occur. This book will be of interest to students of PMSCs, critical security studies, global governance, international norms, and International Relations.

Regulating US Private Security Contractors

Author : Jovana Jezdimirovic Ranito
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030112411
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulating US Private Security Contractors by : Jovana Jezdimirovic Ranito

Download or read book Regulating US Private Security Contractors written by Jovana Jezdimirovic Ranito and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores different aspects of the regulation of private security contractors working for governments. The author specifically examines the US, identifying the obstacles that have hindered US regulatory outcomes. Theoretical discussions, supported by conceptual analysis of Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice, are applied to analysis based on interviews with current and former employees of key stakeholders. By analyzing the political, bureaucratic, and organizational obstacles to the implementation of consistent and enforceable regulations, Jovana Jezdimirovic Ranito points to creative possibilities for future use of her conceptual framework.

The Legal Regime Applicable to Private Military and Security Company Personnel in Armed Conflicts

Author : Mohamad Ghazi Janaby
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319422316
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis The Legal Regime Applicable to Private Military and Security Company Personnel in Armed Conflicts by : Mohamad Ghazi Janaby

Download or read book The Legal Regime Applicable to Private Military and Security Company Personnel in Armed Conflicts written by Mohamad Ghazi Janaby and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-31 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the modern privatisation of war. It specifically focuses on the legal regime regulating private military and security company (PMSC) personnel in armed conflicts. The law regulating PMSC personnel is analysed from two perspectives. Firstly, can one of the three following legal statuses established by international humanitarian law – “mercenary”, “combatant” or “civilian” – be applied to PMSC personnel? Secondly, the book employs a context-dependent methodology to explore the legal regime regulating PMSC personnel. It argues that the legal regime regulating PMSC personnel in armed conflicts depends on who hires them: individual states, the United Nations, non-governmental organisations, or armed groups. This approach represents a departure from previous literature, where attention has primarily been paid to the use of PMSCs by states.

The Privatization of Peacekeeping

Author : Lindsey Cameron
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 131678195X
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (167 download)

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Book Synopsis The Privatization of Peacekeeping by : Lindsey Cameron

Download or read book The Privatization of Peacekeeping written by Lindsey Cameron and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Private military and security companies (PMSCs) have been used in every peace operation since 1990, and reliance on them is increasing at a time when peace operations themselves are becoming ever more complex. This book provides an essential foundation for the emerging debate on the use of PMSCs in this context. It clarifies key issues such as whether their use complies with the principles of peacekeeping, outlines the implications of the status of private contractors as non-combatants under international humanitarian law, and identifies potential problems in holding states and international organizations responsible for their unlawful acts. Written as a clarion call for greater transparency, this book aims to inform the discussion to ensure that international lawyers and policy makers ask the right questions and take the necessary steps so that states and international organizations respect the law when endeavouring to keep peace in an increasingly privatized world.

Law’s Impunity

Author : Hin-Yan Liu
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1782259627
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Law’s Impunity by : Hin-Yan Liu

Download or read book Law’s Impunity written by Hin-Yan Liu and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When faced with those who act with impunity, we seek the protection of law. We rely upon the legal system for justice, from international human rights law that establishes common standards of protection, to international criminal law that spearheads efforts to end impunity for the most heinous atrocities. While legal processes are perceived to combat impunity, and despite the ready availability of the law, accountability often remains elusive. What if the law itself enables impunity? Law's Impunity asks this question in the context of the modern Private Military Company (PMC), examining the relationship between law and the concepts of responsibility and impunity. This book proposes that ordinary legal processes do not neutralise, but rather legalise impunity. This radical idea is applied to the abysmal record of human rights violations perpetrated by the modern PMC and the shocking absence of accountability. This book demonstrates how the law organises, rather than overcomes, impunity by detailing how the modern PMC exploits ordinary legal processes to systematically exclude itself from legal responsibility. Thus, Law's Impunity offers an alternative to conventional thinking about the law, providing an innovative approach to assess and refine the rigour of legal processes in the ongoing quest to end impunity.

Regulating Private Military Companies

Author : Katerina Galai
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429879962
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Regulating Private Military Companies by : Katerina Galai

Download or read book Regulating Private Military Companies written by Katerina Galai and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-25 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the ability of existing and evolving PMC regulation to adequately control private force, and it challenges the capacity of international law to deliver accountability in the event of private military company (PMC) misconduct. From medieval to early modern history, private soldiers dominated the military realm and were fundamental to the waging of wars until the rise of a national citizen army. Today, PMCs are again a significant force, performing various security, logistics, and strategy functions across the world. Unlike mercenaries or any other form of irregular force, PMCs acquired a corporate legal personality, a legitimising status that alters the governance model of today. Drawing on historical examples of different forms of governance, the relationship between neoliberal states and private military companies is conceptualised here as a form of a ‘shared governance'. It reflects states’ reliance on PMCs relinquishing a degree of their power and transferring certain functions to the private sector. As non-state actors grow in authority, wielding power, and making claims to legitimacy through self-regulation, other sources of law also become imaginable and relevant to enact regulation and invoke responsibility.

The Routledge Research Companion to Security Outsourcing

Author : Joakim Berndtsson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317042212
Total Pages : 443 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Research Companion to Security Outsourcing by : Joakim Berndtsson

Download or read book The Routledge Research Companion to Security Outsourcing written by Joakim Berndtsson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conveniently structured into five sections, The Routledge Research Companion to Outsourcing Security offers an overview of the different ways in which states have come to rely on private contractors to support interventions. Part One puts into context the evolution of outsourcing in Western states that are actively involved in expeditionary operations as well as the rise of the commercial security sector in Afghanistan. To explain the various theoretical frameworks that students can use to study security/military outsourcing, Part Two outlines the theories behind security outsourcing. Part Three examines the law and ethics surrounding the outsourcing of security by focusing on how states might monitor contractor behaviour, hold them to account and prosecute them where their behaviour warrants such action. The drivers, politics and consequences of outsourcing foreign policy are covered in Part Four, which is divided into two sections: section one is concerned with armed contractors (providing the provision of private security with the main driver being a capability gap on the part of the military/law enforcement agencies), and section two looks at military contractors (supporting military operations right back to antiquity, less controversial politically and often technologically driven). The final Part takes into consideration emerging perspectives, exploring areas such as gender, feminist methodology, maritime security and the impact of private security on the military profession. This book will be of much interest to students of military and security studies, foreign policy and International Relations.

State Responsibility and New Trends in the Privatization of Warfare

Author : Frauke Renz
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789909376
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis State Responsibility and New Trends in the Privatization of Warfare by : Frauke Renz

Download or read book State Responsibility and New Trends in the Privatization of Warfare written by Frauke Renz and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-28 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contracts with private military and security companies are a reality of modern conflicts. This discerning book provides nuanced insights into the international legal implications of these contracts, and establishes an in-depth understanding of the impacts for contracting states, home states and territorial states under the current state responsibility regime.