Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Three Dimensional Reconstruction Of Microstructures In Alpha Beta Titanium Alloys
Download Three Dimensional Reconstruction Of Microstructures In Alpha Beta Titanium Alloys full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Three Dimensional Reconstruction Of Microstructures In Alpha Beta Titanium Alloys ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Microstructures in [alpha] + [Beta] Titanium Alloys by : Erin Patricia Barry
Download or read book Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Microstructures in [alpha] + [Beta] Titanium Alloys written by Erin Patricia Barry and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Development of Textures and Microstructures in Alpha/beta Titanium Alloys by : Dhriti Bhattacharyya
Download or read book The Development of Textures and Microstructures in Alpha/beta Titanium Alloys written by Dhriti Bhattacharyya and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The relationship between the texture and the microstructure of both beta processed and alpha/beta processed Ti alloys has been examined in this study. In the beta-processed microstructures, it has been shown that two sets of alpha colonies sharing a common 0001 plane and rotated by 10.5° from each other may have growth directions which have very large angles of about 80.7° between them. Moreover, it was observed that alpha laths growing from certain prior beta grain boundaries sometimes shared common basal planes. In some special cases, the alpha laths growing into two different prior beta grains from the grain boundary between them had almost exactly the same orientation, although they had vastly different growth directions. Additionally, there were some cases in which alpha laths growing into different prior beta grains not only had the same crystallographic orientation, but also had the same growth direction. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Orientation Imaging Microscopy (OIM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) have been used to investigate these phenomena and the existing theories of growth directions have been used in conjunction with the results obtained to explain them. In alpha/beta-processed alloys, the phenomenon of globularization of alpha laths breaks down the beta-processed microstructure and modifies the texture of these alloys. Samples of Ti-6Al-4V having colony and basketweave microstructures were hot deformed in the high alpha/beta temperature range and their microstructure and microtexture were examined by the use of SEM and OIM. It is shown that the samples which had a colony microstructure had greater "clustering" of grains with similar orientations than those having a basketweave microstructure. The mode of transformation on heating from the alpha to the beta phase was investigated by measuring the texture of both phases at different temperatures, in situ, using the HIPPO instrument at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. A comparison of the pole figures for both phases has allowed an insight into the mode of transformation of the alpha to the beta phase, and it appears that the beta phase forms by the growth of the preexisting beta, and not by fresh nucleation of beta in the alpha phase.
Book Synopsis Metallography of Titanium Alloys by : Horace Russell Ogden
Download or read book Metallography of Titanium Alloys written by Horace Russell Ogden and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloys Reinforced with Titanium Boride by : Davion M. Hill
Download or read book Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloys Reinforced with Titanium Boride written by Davion M. Hill and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Microstructure features in TiB-reinforced titanium alloys are correlated with mechanical properties. Both laser deposition and arc melting are used to fabricate test alloys where microstructure evolution with heat treatment is examined. SEM and TEM investigations of microstructure are coupled with 3D reconstruction to provide an adequate picture of phases in these alloys. Mechanical properties are then studied. Wear testing of several test alloys is presented, followed by hardness and modulus measurements of individual phases via micro- and nano-indentation as well as a novel micro-compression technique. Bulk mechanical properties are then tested in Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-555 (Ti-5Al-5V-5Mo-3Cr-1Fe) with varying amounts of boron. Image processing methods are then applied to high resolution back-scattered scanning electron microscope images to quantify microstructure features in the tensile test specimens, and these values are then correlated with mechanical properties.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Mechanical Properties in Alpha/beta-Titanium Alloys by : Sujoy Kumar Kar
Download or read book Modeling of Mechanical Properties in Alpha/beta-Titanium Alloys written by Sujoy Kumar Kar and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The accelerated insertion of titanium alloys in component application requires the development of predictive capabilities for various aspects of their behavior, for example, phase stability, microstructural evolution and property-microstructure relationships over a wide range of length and time scales. In this presentation some novel aspects of property-microstructure relationships and microstructural evolution in alpha/beta Ti alloys will be discussed. Neural Network (NN) Models based on a Bayesian framework have been developed to predict the mechanical properties of alpha/beta Ti alloys. The development of such rules-based model requires the population of extensive databases, which in the present case are microstructurally-based. The steps involved in database development include producing controlled variations of the microstructure using novel approaches to heat-treatments, the use of standardized stereology protocols to characterize and quantify microstructural features rapidly, and mechanical testing of the heat-treated specimens. These databases have been used to train and test NN Models for prediction of mechanical properties. In addition, these models have been used to identify the influence of individual microstructural features on the mechanical properties, consequently guiding the efforts towards development of more robust mechanistically based models. In order to understand the property-microstructure relationships, a detailed understanding of microstructure evolution is imperative. The crystallography of the microstructure developing as a result of the solid-state beta to beta + alpha transformation has been studied in detail by employing Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Orientation Imaging Microscopy (in a high resolution SEM), site-specific TEM sample preparation using focused ion beam, and TEM based techniques. The influence of variant selection on the evolution of microstructure will be specifically addressed.
Book Synopsis Development of Tools for 2D and 3D Microstructural Characterization and Their Application to Titanium Alloy Microstructures by : John Manuel Sosa
Download or read book Development of Tools for 2D and 3D Microstructural Characterization and Their Application to Titanium Alloy Microstructures written by John Manuel Sosa and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stereology, the science of estimating three-dimensional quantities from two-dimensionally acquired measurements, has historically been the sole technique for microstructural quantification. Over the last decade, 3D characterization has begun to replace stereology with direct 3D quantification. While direct 3D quantification offers several advantages over stereology such as the absence of sectioning variation and superior quantification of complex shapes, it is not without its limitations. Many in the 3D materials science community recognize the limited statistical confidence in most reconstructed volumes. Therefore, one objective of this work involved the use statistical tools such as random sampling and bootstrapping to establish quantitative relationships between sampled volume size and measurement precision for a variety of metrics across several microstructures. These quantitative relationships offered a unique opportunity. By determining analogous relationships between the precisions of two-dimensionally acquired metrics versus the amount of sampled area, a comparison between the representative area element (RAE) and representative volume element (RVE) has be made for a given precision. Such a comparison has served to advance the understanding of the influence of sectioning variation on stereological precision. Quantified relationships for several titanium microstructures will be presented along with a methodology to determine such relationships in other microstructures. In addition to exploring the influence of sectioning variation on various stereological metrics, 3D characterization can serve to either validate or invalidate stereological assumptions. A common stereological metric is the mean linear intercept. Measured from a series of random lines placed within a segmented microstructure, the mean linear intercept has been employed to estimate three-dimensional quantities such as the mean diameter of spheroidal precipitates and mean width of plate-like features. In both cases, the constitutive equations rely of several assumptions regarding the shape and size distribution of the intercepted features. For features such as equiaxed-a and a-laths in a+ß titanium alloys, this thesis will explore the validity of these assumptions and determined the sensitivity of stereological quantification to deviations from such assumptions.
Book Synopsis Titanium and Titanium Alloys by : J. C. Williams
Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by J. C. Williams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Titanium and Titanium Alloys by : Christoph Leyens
Download or read book Titanium and Titanium Alloys written by Christoph Leyens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an excellent reference for materials scientists and engineers needing to gain more knowledge about these engineering materials. Following introductory chapters on the fundamental materials properties of titanium, readers will find comprehensive descriptions of the development, processing and properties of modern titanium alloys. There then follows detailed discussion of the applications of titanium and its alloys in aerospace, medicine, energy and automotive technology.
Book Synopsis Microplasticity by : Charles J. McMahon
Download or read book Microplasticity written by Charles J. McMahon and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microstructure Evolution and Microstructure/mechanical Properties Relationships in [alpha]+[beta] Titanium Alloys by : Eunha Lee
Download or read book Microstructure Evolution and Microstructure/mechanical Properties Relationships in [alpha]+[beta] Titanium Alloys written by Eunha Lee and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: In this study, the microstructural evolution of Timetal 550 was investigated. Timetal 550 showed two types of phase transformations (martensitic and nucleation and growth) depending on the cooling rate from the [beta] region. The [alpha] phase initially precipitated at the prior [beta] grain boundaries, and it had a Burgers OR with one of the adjacent grains. It was found that colonies could grow, even in the fast-cooled Timetal 550 sample, from the grain boundary [alpha] into the prior [beta] grain with which it exhibited the Burgers OR. Three orientation relationships were also found between [alpha] laths in the basketweave microstructure. Microhardness testing demonstrated that fast-cooled Timetal 550 samples with basketweave microstructure were harder than slowly-cooled samples with colony microstructure. Orientation-dependent deformation was found in the colony microstructure. Specically, when the surface normal is perpendicular to the [0001] of [alpha], the material deforms easily in the direction perpendicular to the [0001] of [alpha]. Fuzzy logic and Bayesian neural network models were developed to predict the room temperature tensile properties of Timetal 550. This involved the development of a database relating microstructural features to mechanical properties. A Gleeble 3800 thermal-mechanical simulator was used to develop various microstructures. Microstructural features of tensile-tested samples were quantified using stereological procedures. The quantified microstructural features and the tensile properties were used as inputs and outputs, respectively, for modeling the relationships between them. The individual influence of five microstructural features on tensile properties was determined using the established models. The microstructural features having the greatest impact on UTS and YS were the thickness of [alpha] laths and the width of grain boundary [alpha] layer, and the microstructural features having the greatest impact on elongation were the thickness of [alpha] laths and the prior [beta] grain size. Nanoindentation testing found that the hardness of the individual grains was related to their orientations. The hardness values were highest near the [0001] stress axis, and they decreased as the stress axis deviated from [0001] orientation. Dislocation analyses indicated that the deformation in individual grains conformed to the Schmid factor analysis where slip primarily occurs on those slip systems where RSS (SF) values are highest.
Book Synopsis Influence of Beta Instabilities on the Early Stages of Nucleation and Growth of Alpha in Beta Titanium Alloys by : Soumya Nag
Download or read book Influence of Beta Instabilities on the Early Stages of Nucleation and Growth of Alpha in Beta Titanium Alloys written by Soumya Nag and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Microstructural evolution in Beta Titanium alloys is an important factor that governs the properties exhibited by them. Intricate understanding of complex phase transformations in these alloys is vital to tailor their microstructures and in turn their properties to our advantage. One such important subject of study is the nucleation and growth of alpha precipitates triggered by the compositional instabilities in the beta matrix, instilled in them during non equilibrium heat treatments. The present work is an effort to investigate such a phenomenon. Here studies have been conducted primarily on two different Beta-Titanium alloys of commercial relevance- Ti5553 (Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-0.5Fe), an alloy used in the aerospace industry for landing gear applications and, TNZT (Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta), a potential load bearing orthopedic implant alloy. Apart from the effect of thermal treatment on these alloys, the focus of this work is to study the interplay between different alpha and beta stabilizers present in them. For this, advanced nano-scale characterization tools such as High Resolution STEM, High Resolution TEM, EFTEM and 3D Atom Probe have been used to determine the structure, distribution and composition of the non equilibrium instabilities such as beta phase separation and omega phase, and also to investigate the subsequent nucleation of stable alpha. Thus in this work, very early stages of phase separation via spinodal decomposition and second phase nucleation in titanium alloys are successfully probed at an atomic resolution. For the first time, atomically resolved HRSTEM Z-contrast image is recorded showing modulated structures within the as-quenched beta matrix. Also in the same condition HRTEM results showed the presence of nanoscale alpha regions. These studies are revalidated by conventional selected area diffraction and 3D atom probe reconstruction results. Also TEM dark field and selected area diffraction studies are conducted to understand the effect of quenching and subsequent aging of omega precipitates. Using 3D atom probe tomography, the elemental partitioning involved in coarsening of omega is investigated in detail. Finally by performing a series of well planned heat treatments, an effort is made to reason out the influence of these instabilities on the morphology, volume fraction and nucleation site of alpha.
Book Synopsis A Study on TIMETAL 639 Titanium Alloy and the Effects of Cyclic Rapid Heat Treatment (CRHT) on the Microstructure and Mechanical Response of Alpha + Beta Titanium Alloys by : Shiraz Mujahid
Download or read book A Study on TIMETAL 639 Titanium Alloy and the Effects of Cyclic Rapid Heat Treatment (CRHT) on the Microstructure and Mechanical Response of Alpha + Beta Titanium Alloys written by Shiraz Mujahid and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 65 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Manufacturing titanium alloys with simultaneous improvement in strength and ductility poses a challenge which exceeds that of purely cubic metals. Various thermal and thermomechanical strategies have been proposed to regulate the geometrical arrangement of alpha + beta phases and texture of the alpha phase in an effort to impart the microstructure with concurrent strengthening and toughening. This study explores two potential methods of achieving mechanical enhancement. The first involves the substitution of molybdenum for a portion of vanadium in Ti-64 (alpha + beta, 6.0 Al, 4.0 V weight %, balance Ti), thereby creating a new alloy, termed Ti-639 (alpha + beta, 6.5 Al, 1.7 Mo, 1.7 V, 0.3C, 0.19O, 0.3 Si weight %, balance Ti). Electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)and transmission electron microscopy are used to study the preservation of the as-received microstructure of TIMETAL 639, owing to the low diffusivity of molybdenum. EBSD texture analysis of solution heat treated TIMETAL 639 shows a marked effect of beta phase on the recrystallization of new globular alpha grains within preexistent colonies, leading to the generation of a distinct depleted bimodal microstructure. Quasi-static compression mechanical testing indicates a measurable increase in mechanical response of the depleted bimodal microstructure,about 90MPa higheryield, with a 6% higher strain at failure, when compared to identically heat treated Ti-64 samples. This alloy design strategy enhances the performance of alpha + beta titanium alloys while foregoing additional prolonged aging heat treatments associated with Ti-64.The second method involves a processing strategy to impart near-net shape structureswith ultra-fine grain microstructures without resorting to severe mechanical deformation. The proposed strategy relies on utilizing a cyclic rapid heat treatment (CRHT) process to generate refined martensitic microstructures in aerospace grade Ti-64. Analysis of resultant microstructures using EBSDreveals trends in microstructure refinement during successive CRHT iterations. For the given heat treatment parameters, three CRHT cycles yielded an optimum microstructure refinement, by effectively harnessing discontinuous dynamic recrystallization,while diminishing the occurrence of dynamic recovery and continuous dynamic recrystallization.
Download or read book Titanium Alloys written by W Sha and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given their growing importance in the aerospace, automotive, sports and medical sectors, modelling the microstructure and properties of titanium and its alloys is a vital part of research into the development of new applications. This is the first time a book has been dedicated to modelling techniques for titanium.Part one discusses experimental techniques such as microscopy, synchrotron radiation X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. Part two reviews physical modelling methods including thermodynamic modelling, the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami method, finite element modelling, the phase-field method, the cellular automata method, crystallographic and fracture behaviour of titanium aluminide and atomistic simulations of interfaces and dislocations relevant to TiAl. Part three covers neural network models and Part four examines surface engineering products. These include surface nitriding: phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, morphology and corrosion; nitriding: modelling of hardness profiles and kinetics; and aluminising: fabrication of Ti coatings by mechanical alloying.With its distinguished authors, Titanium alloys: Modelling of microstructure, properties and applications is a standard reference for industry and researchers concerned with titanium modelling, as well as users of titanium, titanium alloys and titanium aluminide in the aerospace, automotive, sports and medical implant sectors. Comprehensively assesses modelling techniques for titanium, including experimental techniques such as microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry Reviews physical modelling methods including thermodynamic modelling and finite element modelling Examines surface engineering products with specific chapters focused on surface nitriding and aluminising
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium by : Vasisht Venkatesh
Download or read book Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium written by Vasisht Venkatesh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium.
Book Synopsis Microstructural Characterization, Visualization, and Simulation of Ti-B Materials by : Scott Ian Lieberman
Download or read book Microstructural Characterization, Visualization, and Simulation of Ti-B Materials written by Scott Ian Lieberman and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additions of boron in modified titanium alloys and Ti-B composites result in the in situ formation during high temperature processing of TiB reinforcement phases that improve the mechanical properties and wear resistance of unreinforced titanium alloys, while still utilizing the high strength-to-weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance of titanium. Several boron-modified titanium alloys and Ti-B composites in a Ti-6Al-4V matrix have been investigated to determine the effect of processing parameters on the TiB reinforcement phases and resultant microstructures and mechanical properties. Using optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, conventional characterization techniques, and newly developed methodologies for three-dimensional visualization, the microstructures of these Ti-B materials have been studied. Observations included a similar anisotropic whisker morphology with roughly hexagonal cross-sections among all TiB phases; alignment of all TiB phases with extrusion, with the extent of alignment affected by thermomechanical processing parameters; brittle fracture behavior of TiB whiskers, with fracture down the length of whiskers not aligned in the tensile direction and across the width of whiskers aligned in the tensile direction; and discoveries of the anisotropic morphologies of the coarse primary TiB phase and the sub-micron precipitated TiB phase. It has been observed that extruded boron-modified alloys with compositions in the hypoeutectic regime of the quaternary system of titanium, alloying elements aluminum and vanadium, and boron, containing a unimodal size distribution of eutectic TiB whiskers, significantly improve the strength and stiffness compared to unreinforced Ti-6Al-4V alloy while also demonstrating tensile elongation to failure within the fracture-critical limits required for aerospace structural applications. Materials design methodologies have been developed using Ti-B materials, and they show promise for predicting the effects of processing parameters and the resultant microstructures and mechanical properties for boron-modified titanium alloys and Ti-B composites optimized for a variety of commercial and industrial applications.
Book Synopsis The Relationship of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Titanium Alloy Bars to the Prior Deformation Processing History by : Fred J. Gurney
Download or read book The Relationship of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Extruded Titanium Alloy Bars to the Prior Deformation Processing History written by Fred J. Gurney and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inter-relation of extrusion process variables with mechanical properties and microstructure is analyzed for three titanium alloys (Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al). Information is obtained from duplicate billets which were extruded at same conditions with one extruded bar allowed to air cool and the other bar water quenched immediately after extrusion. Results indicate that significant reduction in deformation loads can be achieved in alpha and alpha-beta titanium alloys by processing them in the beta temperature range. Resultant metallurgical structures and mechanical properties (room temperature tensile and Charpy V notch impact) are found to not be significantly affected by process variables other than preheat temperature and product cooling rate. In alpha and alpha-beta alloys, the room temperature strength properties of beta processed and water quenched product is significantly improved over those of beta processed and air cooled product and somewhat improved over those for alpha-beta processed followed by either air cooling or water quenching. Mechanical properties from the beta alloy are not significantly affected by process temperature or by product cooling rate except for some anomalous behavior in the 2050F processing temperature range. (Author).
Book Synopsis Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships by : Somnath Ghosh
Download or read book Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships written by Somnath Ghosh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-17 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships introduces state-of-the-art advances in computational modeling approaches for materials structure-property relations. Written with an approach that recognizes the necessity of the engineering computational mechanics framework, this volume provides balanced treatment of heterogeneous materials structures within the microstructural and component scales. Encompassing both computational mechanics and computational materials science disciplines, this volume offers an analysis of the current techniques and selected topics important to industry researchers, such as deformation, creep and fatigue of primarily metallic materials. Researchers, engineers and professionals involved with predicting performance and failure of materials will find Computational Methods for Microstructure-Property Relationships a valuable reference.
![Download Three-dimensional Reconstruction of Microstructures in [alpha] + [Beta] Titanium Alloys PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/RltKAQAACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
![Download Microstructure Evolution and Microstructure/mechanical Properties Relationships in [alpha]+[beta] Titanium Alloys PDF Online Free](https://books.google.com/books/content/images/frontcover/0YazDAEACAAJ?fife=w200-h370)
