The Logic Of Multiparty Systems

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The Logic of Multiparty Systems

Author : M.J. Holler
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400936079
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logic of Multiparty Systems by : M.J. Holler

Download or read book The Logic of Multiparty Systems written by M.J. Holler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What determines the number of political parties in a democracy? Electoral rules certainly influence the incentives to create and maintain parties. However, a society's political culture can maintain parties despite electoral rules that give them poor prospects of success. Thus, comparing the number of parties and differences in electoral rules across countries cannot clearly test the effect of the electoral rules. A better test would examine a society with a fairly continuous political culture, but a change in electoral rules. Postwar France is such a society. While the basic social order has not changed, there was a drastic change in the electoral system in 1958, which theory implies would reduce the number of parties. Thus we can test the hypothesis that the number of parties fell with the change in electoral system. We can also calculate an " equivalent number of parties· to see how closely France approached a two - party system under the new regime. The first section describes the electoral rules under the Fourth and Fifth Republics. The second section develops a model that indicates how the change in electoral rules should have affected the incentives for multiple parties. The third section tests the hypothesis that the number of parties fell from the Fourth to the Fifth Republic. 1. Electoral Rules In the French Fourth Republic (1945 - 1958) political parties existed largely to serve the direct interests of their members.

Party Competition and Responsible Party Government

Author : James Adams
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
ISBN 13 : 9780472087679
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Party Competition and Responsible Party Government by : James Adams

Download or read book Party Competition and Responsible Party Government written by James Adams and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVA marriage of behavioral and formal theory to explain the electoral strategies of political parties /div

Duverger's Law of Plurality Voting

Author : Bernard Grofman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387097201
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis Duverger's Law of Plurality Voting by : Bernard Grofman

Download or read book Duverger's Law of Plurality Voting written by Bernard Grofman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-05 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maurice Duverger is arguably the most distinguished French political scientist of the last century, but his major impact has, strangely enough, been largely in the English-speaking world. His book, Political Parties, first translated into English in 1954, has been very influential in both the party politics literature (which continues to make use of his typology of party organization) and in the electoral systems literature. His chief contributions there deal with what have come to be called in his honor Duverger’s Law and Duverger’s Hypothesis. The first argues that countries with plurality-based electoral methods will tend to become two-party systems; the second argues that countries using proportional representation (PR) methods will tend to become multi-party systems. Duverger also identifies specific mechanisms that will produce these effects, conventionally referred to as “mechanical effects”, and “psychological effects”. However, while Duverger’s Hypothesis concerning the link between PR and multipartism is now widely accepted; the empirical evidence that plurality voting results in two-party systems is remarkably weak—with the U.S. the most notable exception. The chapters in this volume consider national-level evidence for the operation of Duverger’s law in the world’s largest, longest-lived and most successful democracies of Britain, Canada, India and the United States. One set of papers involves looking at the overall evidence for Duverger’s Law in these countries; the other set deals with evidence for the mechanical and incentive effects predicted by Duverger. The result is an incisive analysis of electoral and party dynamics.

Authoritarian Origins of Democratic Party Systems in Africa

Author : Rachel Beatty Riedl
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139916904
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (399 download)

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Book Synopsis Authoritarian Origins of Democratic Party Systems in Africa by : Rachel Beatty Riedl

Download or read book Authoritarian Origins of Democratic Party Systems in Africa written by Rachel Beatty Riedl and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-02-13 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why have seemingly similar African countries developed very different forms of democratic party systems? Despite virtually ubiquitous conditions that are assumed to be challenging to democracy - low levels of economic development, high ethnic heterogeneity, and weak state capacity - nearly two dozen African countries have maintained democratic competition since the early 1990s. Yet the forms of party system competition vary greatly: from highly stable, nationally organized, well-institutionalized party systems to incredibly volatile, particularistic parties in systems with low institutionalization. To explain their divergent development, Rachel Beatty Riedl points to earlier authoritarian strategies to consolidate support and maintain power. The initial stages of democratic opening provide an opportunity for authoritarian incumbents to attempt to shape the rules of the new multiparty system in their own interests, but their power to do so depends on the extent of local support built up over time.

The Canadian Party System

Author : Richard Johnston
Publisher : UBC Press
ISBN 13 : 0774836105
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (748 download)

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Book Synopsis The Canadian Party System by : Richard Johnston

Download or read book The Canadian Party System written by Richard Johnston and published by UBC Press. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Canadian party system is a deviant case among the Anglo-American democracies. Unruly and inscrutable, it is a system that defies logic and classification – until now. In this political science tour de force, Richard Johnston makes sense of the Canadian party system. With a keen eye for history and deft use of recently developed analytic tools, he articulates a series of propositions that underpin the system. For its combination of historical breadth and data-intensive rigour, The Canadian Party System is a rare achievement. Its findings shed light on the main puzzles of the Canadian case, while contesting the received wisdom of the comparative study of parties, elections, and electoral systems elsewhere.

Breaking the Two-party Doom Loop

Author : Lee Drutman
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190913851
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking the Two-party Doom Loop by : Lee Drutman

Download or read book Breaking the Two-party Doom Loop written by Lee Drutman and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: American democracy is in deep crisis. But what do we do about it? That depends on how we understand the current threat.In Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop, Lee Drutman argues that we now have, for the first time in American history, a genuine two-party system, with two fully-sorted, truly national parties, divided over the character of the nation. And it's a disaster. It's a party system fundamentally at odds withour anti-majoritarian, compromise-oriented governing institutions. It threatens the very foundations of fairness and shared values on which our democracy depends.Deftly weaving together history, democratic theory, and cutting-edge political science research, Drutman tells the story of how American politics became so toxic and why the country is now trapped in a doom loop of escalating two-party warfare from which there is only one escape: increase the numberof parties through electoral reform. As he shows, American politics was once stable because the two parties held within them multiple factions, which made it possible to assemble flexible majorities and kept the climate of political combat from overheating. But as conservative Southern Democrats andliberal Northeastern Republicans disappeared, partisan conflict flattened and pulled apart. Once the parties became fully nationalized - a long-germinating process that culminated in 2010 - toxic partisanship took over completely. With the two parties divided over competing visions of nationalidentity, Democrats and Republicans no longer see each other as opponents, but as enemies. And the more the conflict escalates, the shakier our democracy feels.Breaking the Two-Party Doom Loop makes a compelling case for large scale electoral reform - importantly, reform not requiring a constitutional amendment - that would give America more parties, making American democracy more representative, more responsive, and ultimately more stable.

Party Systems in Latin America

Author : Scott Mainwaring
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1316814610
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Party Systems in Latin America by : Scott Mainwaring

Download or read book Party Systems in Latin America written by Scott Mainwaring and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on contributions from leading scholars, this study generates a wealth of new empirical information about Latin American party systems. It also contributes richly to major theoretical and comparative debates about the effects of party systems on democratic politics, and about why some party systems are much more stable and predictable than others. Party Systems in Latin America builds on, challenges, and updates Mainwaring and Timothy Scully's seminal Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America (1995), which re-oriented the study of democratic party systems in the developing world. It is essential reading for scholars and students of comparative party systems, democracy, and Latin American politics. It shows that a stable and predictable party system facilitates important democratic processes and outcomes, but that building and maintaining such a party system has been the exception rather than the norm in contemporary Latin America.

Party System Change in Legislatures Worldwide

Author : Carol Mershon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107244285
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Party System Change in Legislatures Worldwide by : Carol Mershon

Download or read book Party System Change in Legislatures Worldwide written by Carol Mershon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-10-07 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Carol Mershon and Olga Shvetsova explore one of the central questions in democratic politics: how much autonomy do elected politicians have to shape and reshape the party system on their own, without the direct involvement of voters in elections? Mershon and Shvetsova's theory focuses on the choices of party membership made by legislators while serving in office. It identifies the inducements and impediments to legislators' changes of partisan affiliation, and integrates strategic and institutional approaches to the study of parties and party systems. With empirical analyses comparing nine countries that differ in electoral laws, territorial governance and executive-legislative relations, Mershon and Shvetsova find that strategic incumbents have the capacity to reconfigure the party system as established in elections. Representatives are motivated to bring about change by opportunities arising during the parliamentary term, and are deterred from doing so by the elemental democratic practice of elections.

Political Equilibrium: A Delicate Balance

Author : Peter C. Ordeshook
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400973802
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Equilibrium: A Delicate Balance by : Peter C. Ordeshook

Download or read book Political Equilibrium: A Delicate Balance written by Peter C. Ordeshook and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter C. Ordeshook and Kenneth A. Shepsle If the inaugural date of modern economics is set at 1776 with the publication of Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations, then the analytical tradition in the study of politics is not even a decade younger, commencing nine years later with the publication of the Marquis de Condorcet's Essai sur l'application de l'analyse iz la probabilite des decisions rendues iz la pluralite des voix. The parallel, however, stops there for, unlike Smith and other classical economists who laid an intel lectual foundation upon which a century of cumulative scientific research pro ceeded, analytical political science suffered fits and starts. Condorcet, himself, acknowledges the earlier work (predating the Essai by some fourteen years) of Borda and, from time to time during the nineteenth century, their contributions were rediscovered by Dodgson, Nanson, and other political philosophers and arithmeticians. But, by century's end, there was nothing in political science to compare to the grand edifice of general equilibrium theory in neoclassical eco nomics. Despite roots traversing two centuries, then, the analytical study of poli tics is a twentieth-century affair. The initial inspiration and insight of Condorcet was seized upon just after World War II by Duncan Black, who wrote several papers on the equilibrium properties of majority rule in specific contexts (Black, 1948a, b). He expanded upon these themes in his now deservedly famous monograph, The Theory of xi PREFACE xii Committees and Elections, and the lesser-known essay with R.A.

The Logics of Party Formation

Author : Herbert Kitschelt
Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 1501745956
Total Pages : 359 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis The Logics of Party Formation by : Herbert Kitschelt

Download or read book The Logics of Party Formation written by Herbert Kitschelt and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on interviews with more than 130 party activists, Herbert Kitschelt provides an incisive account of the development of three vanguard ecological parties in contemporary Western Europe—the Green party of West Germany, and the Belgian ecological parties Agalev and Ecolo.

Party Systems in East Central Europe

Author : Herbert Kitschelt
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Party Systems in East Central Europe by : Herbert Kitschelt

Download or read book Party Systems in East Central Europe written by Herbert Kitschelt and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies

Author : Ben Reilly
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309519101
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies by : Ben Reilly

Download or read book Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies written by Ben Reilly and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-04 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is one of a series being prepared for the National Research Council's Committee on International Conflict Resolution. The committee was organized in late 1995 to respond to a growing need for prevention, management, and resolution of violent conflict in the international arena, a concern about the changing nature and context of such conflict in the post-Cold War era, and a recent expansion of knowledge in the field. The committee's main goal is to advance the practice of conflict resolution by using the methods and critical attitude of science to examine the effectiveness of various techniques and concepts that have been advanced for preventing, managing, and resolving international conflicts. The committee's research agenda has been designed to supplement the work of other groups, particularly the Carnegie Corporation of New York's Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, which issued its final report in December 1997. The committee has identified a number of specific techniques and concepts of current interest to policy practitioners and has asked leading specialists on each one to carefully review and analyze available knowledge and to summarize what is known about the conditions under which each is or is not effective. These papers present the results of their work.

Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems

Author : Jürgen Dix
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642149766
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems by : Jürgen Dix

Download or read book Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems written by Jürgen Dix and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-05 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These are the proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Compu- tional Logicin Multi-Agent Systems (CLIMA-XI), held during August 16–17,in Lisbon, collocated with the 19th European Conference on Arti?cial Intelligence (ECAI-2010). Multi-agentsystemsarecommunitiesofproblem-solvingentitiesthatcanp- ceive and act upon their environment in order to achieve both their individual goals and their joint goals. The work on such systems integrates many techno- giesandconceptsfromarti?cialintelligenceandotherareasofcomputingaswell as other disciplines. Over recent years, the agent paradigm gained popularity, due to its applicability to a full spectrum of domains, such as search engines, recommendation systems, educational support, e-procurement, simulation and routing,electroniccommerceandtrade,etc.Computationallogicprovidesawe- de?ned, general, and rigorousframeworkfor studying the syntax, semantics and procedures for the various tasks in individual agents, as well as the interaction between, and integration among, agents in multi-agent systems. It also provides tools, techniques and standards for implementations and environments, for li- ing speci?cations to implementations, and for the veri?cation of properties of individual agents, multi-agent systems and their implementations. The purpose of the CLIMA workshops is to provide a forum for discussing techniques, based on computational logic, for representing, programming and reasoning about agents and multi-agent systems in a formal way. Former CLIMA editions have been conducted in conjunction with other - jor Computational Logic and AI events such as CL in 2000, ICLP in 2001 and 2007, FLoC in 2002, LPNMR and AI-Math in 2004, JELIA in 2004 and 2008 and MATES in 2009. In 2005 CLIMA was not associated with any major event.

Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems

Author : Joao Leite
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3642223591
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (422 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems by : Joao Leite

Download or read book Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems written by Joao Leite and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the proceedings of the 12th International Workshop on Computational Logic in Multi-Agent Systems, CLIMA XII, held in Barcelona, Spain, in July 2011. The 22 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. The purpose of the CLIMA workshops is to provide a forum for discussing techniques, based on computational logic, for representing, programming and reasoning about agents and multi-agent systems in a formal way. This volume features five thematic special sessions: secrets and trust, knowledge and beliefs, logics for games and social choice, cooperation, logic and languages, and norms and normative multi-agent systems.

RIoT Control

Author : Tyson Macaulay
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0124199909
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis RIoT Control by : Tyson Macaulay

Download or read book RIoT Control written by Tyson Macaulay and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: RIoT Control: Understanding and Managing Risks and the Internet of Things explains IoT risk in terms of project requirements, business needs, and system designs. Learn how the Internet of Things (IoT) is different from “Regular Enterprise security, more intricate and more complex to understand and manage. Billions of internet-connected devices make for a chaotic system, prone to unexpected behaviors. Industries considering IoT technologies need guidance on IoT-ready security and risk management practices to ensure key management objectives like Financial and Market success, and Regulatory compliance. Understand the threats and vulnerabilities of the IoT, including endpoints, newly emerged forms of gateway, network connectivity, and cloud-based data centers. Gain insights as to which emerging techniques are best according to your specific IoT system, its risks, and organizational needs. After a thorough introduction to the Iot, Riot Control explores dozens of IoT-specific risk management requirements, examines IoT-specific threats and finally provides risk management recommendations which are intended as applicable to a wide range of use-cases. Explains sources of risk across IoT architectures and performance metrics at the enterprise level Understands risk and security concerns in the next-generation of connected devices beyond computers and mobile consumer devices to everyday objects, tools, and devices Offers insight from industry insiders about emerging tools and techniques for real-world IoT systems

The French Party System

Author : Jocelyn Evans
Publisher : Manchester University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780719061202
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis The French Party System by : Jocelyn Evans

Download or read book The French Party System written by Jocelyn Evans and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-08 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an overview of political parties in France. The social and ideological profiles of all the major parties are analysed, highlighting their principal functions and dynamics within the system. This examination is complemented by analyses of bloc and system features.

Party Systems and Foreign Policy Change in Liberal Democracies

Author : Angelos Chryssogelos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100028736X
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Party Systems and Foreign Policy Change in Liberal Democracies by : Angelos Chryssogelos

Download or read book Party Systems and Foreign Policy Change in Liberal Democracies written by Angelos Chryssogelos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-22 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do political parties affect foreign policy? This book answers this question by exploring the role of party politics as source of foreign policy change in liberal democracies. The book shifts the focus from individual political parties to party systems as the context in which parties’ ideologies receive precise content and their preferences are formed. The central claim is that foreign policy change arises from within transformed discursive contexts of party competition, when a new language of politics that constitutes anew parties’ self-understanding of what they stand for and compete over emerges in a party system. By comparing cases of contested foreign policy change, the book shows how such transformations in party competition determine whether and when international pressures on a state will translate into decisions to institute foreign policy change and what degree of change will be ultimately implemented. With a novel framework which bridges concepts of international relations and comparative politics, the book will be of interest to researchers and students in the areas of international relations theory, foreign policy analysis and comparative politics, and generally to anyone wanting to understand how and when parties, elections and voters contribute to international change.