Electoral Systems And Conflict In Divided Societies

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Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309173086
Total Pages : 72 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies by : National Research Council

Download or read book Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-04-20 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is one of a series being prepared for the National Research Council's Committee on International Conflict Resolution. The committee was organized in late 1995 to respond to a growing need for prevention, management, and resolution of violent conflict in the international arena, a concern about the changing nature and context of such conflict in the post-Cold War era, and a recent expansion of knowledge in the field. The committee's main goal is to advance the practice of conflict resolution by using the methods and critical attitude of science to examine the effectiveness of various techniques and concepts that have been advanced for preventing, managing, and resolving international conflicts. The committee's research agenda has been designed to supplement the work of other groups, particularly the Carnegie Corporation of New York's Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, which issued its final report in December 1997. The committee has identified a number of specific techniques and concepts of current interest to policy practitioners and has asked leading specialists on each one to carefully review and analyze available knowledge and to summarize what is known about the conditions under which each is or is not effective. These papers present the results of their work.

Democracy in Divided Societies

Author : Ben Reilly
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521797306
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (973 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy in Divided Societies by : Ben Reilly

Download or read book Democracy in Divided Societies written by Ben Reilly and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-09-13 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the potential of electoral engineering as a mechanism of conflict management in divided societies. It focuses on the little-known experience of a number of divided societies which have used vote-pooling electoral systems.

International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309171733
Total Pages : 640 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War by : National Research Council

Download or read book International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-07 with total page 640 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The end of the Cold War has changed the shape of organized violence in the world and the ways in which governments and others try to set its limits. Even the concept of international conflict is broadening to include ethnic conflicts and other kinds of violence within national borders that may affect international peace and security. What is not yet clear is whether or how these changes alter the way actors on the world scene should deal with conflict: Do the old methods still work? Are there new tools that could work better? How do old and new methods relate to each other? International Conflict Resolution After the Cold War critically examines evidence on the effectiveness of a dozen approaches to managing or resolving conflict in the world to develop insights for conflict resolution practitioners. It considers recent applications of familiar conflict management strategies, such as the use of threats of force, economic sanctions, and negotiation. It presents the first systematic assessments of the usefulness of some less familiar approaches to conflict resolution, including truth commissions, "engineered" electoral systems, autonomy arrangements, and regional organizations. It also opens up analysis of emerging issues, such as the dilemmas facing humanitarian organizations in complex emergencies. This book offers numerous practical insights and raises key questions for research on conflict resolution in a transforming world system.

Politics in Deeply Divided Societies

Author : Adrian Guelke
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0745660649
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (456 download)

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Book Synopsis Politics in Deeply Divided Societies by : Adrian Guelke

Download or read book Politics in Deeply Divided Societies written by Adrian Guelke and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The establishment of durable, democratic institutions constitutes one of the major challenges of our age. As countless contemporary examples have shown, it requires far more than simply the holding of free elections. The consolidation of a legitimate constitutional order is difficult to achieve in any society, but it is especially problematic in societies with deep social cleavages. This book provides an authoritative and systematic analysis of the politics of so-called 'deeply divided societies' in the post Cold War era. From Bosnia to South Africa, Northern Ireland to Iraq, it explains why such places are so prone to political violence, and demonstrates why - even in times of peace - the fear of violence continues to shape attitudes, entrenching divisions in societies that already lack consensus on their political institutions. Combining intellectual rigour and accessibility, it examines the challenge of establishing order and justice in such unstable environments, and critically assesses a range of political options available, from partition to power-sharing and various initiatives to promote integration. The Politics of Deeply Divided Societies is an ideal resource for students of comparative politics and related disciplines, as well as anyone with an interest in the dynamics of ethnic conflict and nationalism.

Electoral System Design

Author : Andrew Reynolds
Publisher : Stockholm : International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral System Design by : Andrew Reynolds

Download or read book Electoral System Design written by Andrew Reynolds and published by Stockholm : International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. This book was released on 2005 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Democracy in Divided Societies

Author : Benjamin Reilly
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780511174353
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (743 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy in Divided Societies by : Benjamin Reilly

Download or read book Democracy in Divided Societies written by Benjamin Reilly and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Democracy is inherently difficult in societies divided along deep ethnic cleavages. Elections in such societies will often encourage 'centrifugal' politics which reward extremist ethnic appeals, zero-sum political behaviour and ethnic conflict, and which consequently often lead to the breakdown of democracy. Reilly examines the potential of 'electoral engineering' as a mechanism of conflict management in divided societies. He focuses on the little-known experience of a number of divided societies which have used preferential, vote-pooling electoral systems - such as Papua New Guinea, Sri Lanka.

Electoral Engineering

Author : Pippa Norris
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521536714
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Engineering by : Pippa Norris

Download or read book Electoral Engineering written by Pippa Norris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-02-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Kosovo to Kabul, the last decade witnessed growing interest in ?electoral engineering?. Reformers have sought to achieve either greater government accountability through majoritarian arrangements or wider parliamentary diversity through proportional formula. Underlying the normative debates are important claims about the impact and consequences of electoral reform for political representation and voting behavior. The study compares and evaluates two broad schools of thought, each offering contracting expectations. One popular approach claims that formal rules define electoral incentives facing parties, politicians and citizens. By changing these rules, rational choice institutionalism claims that we have the capacity to shape political behavior. Alternative cultural modernization theories differ in their emphasis on the primary motors driving human behavior, their expectations about the pace of change, and also their assumptions about the ability of formal institutional rules to alter, rather than adapt to, deeply embedded and habitual social norms and patterns of human behavior.

Constitutionalism in Context

Author : David S. Law
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1108674267
Total Pages : 612 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (86 download)

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Book Synopsis Constitutionalism in Context by : David S. Law

Download or read book Constitutionalism in Context written by David S. Law and published by . This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its emphasis on emerging and cutting-edge debates in the study of comparative constitutional law and politics, its suitability for both research and teaching use, and its distinguished and diverse cast of contributors, this handbook is a must-have for scholars and instructors alike. This versatile volume combines the depth and rigor of a scholarly reference work with features for teaching in law and social science courses. Its interdisciplinary case-study approach provides political and historical as well as legal context: each modular chapter offers an overview of a topic and a jurisdiction, followed by a case study that simultaneously contextualizes both. Its forward-looking and highly diverse selection of topics and jurisdictions fills gaps in the literature on the Global South as well as the West. A timely section on challenges to liberal constitutional democracy addresses pressing concerns about democratic backsliding and illiberal and/or authoritarian regimes.

A Democratic South Africa?

Author : Donald L. Horowitz
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520328876
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (23 download)

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Book Synopsis A Democratic South Africa? by : Donald L. Horowitz

Download or read book A Democratic South Africa? written by Donald L. Horowitz and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2022-02-25 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1991.

Electoral Systems and Democratization in Southern Africa

Author : Andrew Reynolds
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191522430
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Systems and Democratization in Southern Africa by : Andrew Reynolds

Download or read book Electoral Systems and Democratization in Southern Africa written by Andrew Reynolds and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999-01-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design of electoral systems and executive types is increasingly being recognized the key lever of constitutional engineering to be applied in the interests of political accommodation and stability in ethnically divided societies. In this groundbreaking comparative study of democratic design in Southern Africa, Andrew Reynolds finds that the decisions about how to constitute representative parliaments have wide ranging effects on the type of parties and party system that develops, the nature of executive-legislative relations, and the inclusiveness of both majority and minority interests in the process of governance. While electoral system design is the primary focus of the book, the related constitutional issues of whether to choose a presidential or parliamentary system, and whether to entrench consensual, consociational or majoritarian government are also discussed. Analysing the experiences of Malawi, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, the author presents a host of revealing conclusions that help shed light on the success or failure of democratic design in other fledgling democracies, in both Africa and beyond.

Designing Elections in Conflict-prone Divided Societies: the Case of South Sudan

Author : Sofie Dreef
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783942532570
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Designing Elections in Conflict-prone Divided Societies: the Case of South Sudan by : Sofie Dreef

Download or read book Designing Elections in Conflict-prone Divided Societies: the Case of South Sudan written by Sofie Dreef and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Constitutional Design for Divided Societies

Author : Sujit Choudhry
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191021512
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Constitutional Design for Divided Societies by : Sujit Choudhry

Download or read book Constitutional Design for Divided Societies written by Sujit Choudhry and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-03-27 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should constitutional design respond to the opportunities and challenges raised by ethnic, linguistic, religious, and cultural differences, and do so in ways that promote democracy, social justice, peace and stability? This is one of the most difficult questions facing societies in the world today. There are two schools of thought on how to answer this question. Under the heading of accommodation, some have argued for the need to recognize, institutionalize and empower differences. There are a range of constitutional instruments available to achieve this goal, such as multinational federalism and administrative decentralization, legal pluralism (e.g. religious personal law), other forms of non-territorial minority rights (e.g. minority language and religious education rights), consociationalism, affirmative action, legislative quotas, etc. But others have countered that such practices may entrench, perpetuate and exacerbate the very divisions they are designed to manage. They propose a range of alternative strategies that fall under the rubric of integration that will blur, transcend and cross-cut differences. Such strategies include bills of rights enshrining universal human rights enforced by judicial review, policies of disestablishment (religious and ethnocultural), federalism and electoral systems designed specifically to include members of different groups within the same political unit and to disperse members of the same group across different units, are some examples. In this volume, leading scholars of constitutional law, comparative politics and political theory address the debate at a conceptual level, as well as through numerous country case-studies, through an interdisciplinary lens, but with a legal and institutional focus.

Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309064465
Total Pages : 73 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies by : National Research Council

Download or read book Electoral Systems and Conflict in Divided Societies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-05-20 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is one of a series being prepared for the National Research Council's Committee on International Conflict Resolution. The committee was organized in late 1995 to respond to a growing need for prevention, management, and resolution of violent conflict in the international arena, a concern about the changing nature and context of such conflict in the post-Cold War era, and a recent expansion of knowledge in the field. The committee's main goal is to advance the practice of conflict resolution by using the methods and critical attitude of science to examine the effectiveness of various techniques and concepts that have been advanced for preventing, managing, and resolving international conflicts. The committee's research agenda has been designed to supplement the work of other groups, particularly the Carnegie Corporation of New York's Commission on Preventing Deadly Conflict, which issued its final report in December 1997. The committee has identified a number of specific techniques and concepts of current interest to policy practitioners and has asked leading specialists on each one to carefully review and analyze available knowledge and to summarize what is known about the conditions under which each is or is not effective. These papers present the results of their work.

Power Sharing and International Mediation in Ethnic Conflicts

Author : Timothy D. Sisk
Publisher : US Institute of Peace Press
ISBN 13 : 9781878379566
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (795 download)

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Book Synopsis Power Sharing and International Mediation in Ethnic Conflicts by : Timothy D. Sisk

Download or read book Power Sharing and International Mediation in Ethnic Conflicts written by Timothy D. Sisk and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can power sharing prevent violent ethnic conflict? And if so, how can the international community best promote that outcome? In this concise volume, Timothy Sisk defines power sharing as practices and institutions that result in broad-based governing coalitions generally inclusive of all major ethnic groups. He identifies the principal approaches to power sharing, including autonomy, federations, and proportional electoral systems. In addition, Sisk highlights the problems with various power-sharing approaches and practices that have been raised by scholars and practitioners alike, and the instances where power-sharing experiments have succeeded and where they have failed. Finally, he offers some guidance to policymakers as they ponder power-sharing arrangements.

Elections and Conflict Management in Africa

Author : Timothy D. Sisk
Publisher : US Institute of Peace Press
ISBN 13 : 9781878379795
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (797 download)

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Book Synopsis Elections and Conflict Management in Africa by : Timothy D. Sisk

Download or read book Elections and Conflict Management in Africa written by Timothy D. Sisk and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Elections have emerged as one of the most important, and most contentious, features of political life on the African continent. In the first half of this decade, there were more than 20 national elections, serving largely as capstones of peace processes or transitions to democracies. The outcomes of these and more recent elections have been remarkably varied, and the relationship between elections and conflict management is widely debated throughout Africa and among international observers. Elections can either help reduce tensions by reconstituting legitimate government, or they can exacerbate them by further polarizing highly conflictual societies. This timely volume examines the relationship between elections, especially electoral systems, and conflict management in Africa, while also serving as an important reference for other regions. The book brings together for the first time the latest thinking on the many different roles elections can play in democratization and conflict management.

Political Parties in Conflict-prone Societies

Author : Ben Reilly
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Political Parties in Conflict-prone Societies by : Ben Reilly

Download or read book Political Parties in Conflict-prone Societies written by Ben Reilly and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Well-functioning political parties are essential components of democracy. They organize voters, aggregate and articulate interests, craft policy alternatives, recruit and socialize new candidates for office, set policy-making agendas, integrate disparate groups and individuals into the democratic process, and provide the basis for coordinated electoral and legislative activity. But political parties in many developing democracies remain weak and underdeveloped, often being based around personal, ethnic or regional ties rather than national interests. Today, with more states deciding their leaders through multiparty elections than ever before, many developing democracies seek to shape the development of political parties and party systems by regulating the way parties can form, organize and behave. Most of these ambitious initiatives and innovations emanate from new democracies rather than established Western examples. This volume examines this growing trend in conflict-prone societies towards promoting stable and inclusive political parties via political party regulation and engineering in developing democracies around the world.

The Ethnopolitics of Elections

Author : Florian Bieber
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131799759X
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethnopolitics of Elections by : Florian Bieber

Download or read book The Ethnopolitics of Elections written by Florian Bieber and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume conceptualizes the dynamics underlying electoral politics in ethnically divided societies, providing empirical evidence and analysis of recent elections in such societies on a comparative and single-case basis, including case studies of Macedonia, Slovakia, Belgium, Malaysia, Singapore, Rwanda, Guyana and Trinidad and Tobago. Free and fair elections are one of the most fundamental characteristics of democratic systems. In ethnically divided societies, elections and the rules and regulations on which they are based assume special importance because they provide important levers to guarantee, or prevent, adequate representation of different communal groups in the key institutions of the state. Hence not only are elections contested vigorously, but also the electoral systems according to which they are conducted. This book was previously published as a special issue of Ethnopolitics.