The Fate and Effects of Oil in Freshwater

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400911092
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fate and Effects of Oil in Freshwater by : J. Green

Download or read book The Fate and Effects of Oil in Freshwater written by J. Green and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freshwater is a most precious natural resource. To the developed world, refreshing, untainted water is presumed from the taps of millions of householders. The many rivers, streams, ponds and lakes are for the pleasure and enjoyment of the leisure hours of urban dweller and rural inhabitant alike-boating, fishing, sailing and swimming come readily to mind. To the agriculturalist and industrialist it is often the cornerstone of their enterprises. To the environmentalist and naturalist it is the basis of the wetland and open water communities which provide the habitats for a wealth of flora and fauna. In the developing world the emphasis is very different. A spring, well, river or swamp is the basis of day-to-day survival for family, livestock and crops. Subsistence fishing is often the major source of protein. Freshwater may be the unwitting purveyor of disease but with good management this can be regulated and monitored. But Man by nature, is a selfish species who tends to have scant regard for the quality of life of future generations. The much publicised destruction of forests is a notorious example. Not so well-known is the pressure on one of the world's most fragile ecosystems, the wetlands.

Oil in the Sea III

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309084385
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil in the Sea III by : National Research Council

Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.

Oil Spill Dispersants

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spill Dispersants by : Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects

Download or read book Oil Spill Dispersants written by Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 3 million gallons of oil or refined petroleum products are spilled into U.S. waters every year. Oil dispersants (chemical agents such as surfactants, solvents, and other compounds) are used to reduce the effect of oil spills by changing the chemical and physical properties of the oil. By enhancing the amount of oil that physically mixes into the water, dispersants can reduce the potential that a surface slick will contaminate shoreline habitats. Although called for in the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 as a tool for minimizing the impact of oil spills, the use of chemical dispersants has long been controversial. This book reviews the adequacy of existing information and ongoing research regarding the effectiveness of dispersants as an oil spill response technique, as well as the effect of dispersed oil on marine and coastal ecosystems. Oil Spill Dispersants also includes recommended steps for policy makers faced with making hard choices regarding the use of dispersants as part of spill contingency planning efforts or during actual spills.

Fate and Environmental Effects of Oil Spills in Freshwater Environments

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 168 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Fate and Environmental Effects of Oil Spills in Freshwater Environments by : David Stalfort

Download or read book Fate and Environmental Effects of Oil Spills in Freshwater Environments written by David Stalfort and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Deep Oil Spills

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030116050
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Oil Spills by : Steven A. Murawski

Download or read book Deep Oil Spills written by Steven A. Murawski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-29 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for oil and gas has brought exploration and production to unprecedented depths of the world’s oceans. Currently, over 50% of the oil from the Gulf of Mexico now comes from waters in excess of 1,500 meters (one mile) deep, where no oil was produced just 20 years ago. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill blowout did much to change the perception of oil spills as coming just from tanker accidents, train derailments, and pipeline ruptures. In fact, beginning with the Ixtoc 1 spill off Campeche, Mexico in 1979-1980, there have been a series of large spill events originating at the sea bottom and creating a myriad of new environmental and well control challenges. This volume explores the physics, chemistry, sub-surface oil deposition and environmental impacts of deep oil spills. Key lessons learned from the responses to previous deep spills, as well as unresolved scientific questions for additional research are highlighted, all of which are appropriate for governmental regulators, politicians, industry decision-makers, first responders, researchers and students wanting an incisive overview of issues surrounding deep-water oil and gas production.

Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309380103
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diluted bitumen has been transported by pipeline in the United States for more than 40 years, with the amount increasing recently as a result of improved extraction technologies and resulting increases in production and exportation of Canadian diluted bitumen. The increased importation of Canadian diluted bitumen to the United States has strained the existing pipeline capacity and contributed to the expansion of pipeline mileage over the past 5 years. Although rising North American crude oil production has resulted in greater transport of crude oil by rail or tanker, oil pipelines continue to deliver the vast majority of crude oil supplies to U.S. refineries. Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines examines the current state of knowledge and identifies the relevant properties and characteristics of the transport, fate, and effects of diluted bitumen and commonly transported crude oils when spilled in the environment. This report assesses whether the differences between properties of diluted bitumen and those of other commonly transported crude oils warrant modifications to the regulations governing spill response plans and cleanup. Given the nature of pipeline operations, response planning, and the oil industry, the recommendations outlined in this study are broadly applicable to other modes of transportation as well.

Fate and Effects of Oil in the Sea

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Fate and Effects of Oil in the Sea by : Exxon Corporation. Public Affairs Department

Download or read book Fate and Effects of Oil in the Sea written by Exxon Corporation. Public Affairs Department and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Use of Dispersants in Marine Oil Spill Response

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309478219
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Use of Dispersants in Marine Oil Spill Response by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book The Use of Dispersants in Marine Oil Spill Response written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether the result of an oil well blowout, vessel collision or grounding, leaking pipeline, or other incident at sea, each marine oil spill will present unique circumstances and challenges. The oil type and properties, location, time of year, duration of spill, water depth, environmental conditions, affected biomes, potential human community impact, and available resources may vary significantly. Also, each spill may be governed by policy guidelines, such as those set forth in the National Response Plan, Regional Response Plans, or Area Contingency Plans. To respond effectively to the specific conditions presented during an oil spill, spill responders have used a variety of response optionsâ€"including mechanical recovery of oil using skimmers and booms, in situ burning of oil, monitored natural attenuation of oil, and dispersion of oil by chemical dispersants. Because each response method has advantages and disadvantages, it is important to understand specific scenarios where a net benefit may be achieved by using a particular tool or combination of tools. This report builds on two previous National Research Council reports on dispersant use to provide a current understanding of the state of science and to inform future marine oil spill response operations. The response to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill included an unprecedented use of dispersants via both surface application and subsea injection. The magnitude of the spill stimulated interest and funding for research on oil spill response, and dispersant use in particular. This study assesses the effects and efficacy of dispersants as an oil spill response tool and evaluates trade-offs associated with dispersant use.

An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309288487
Total Pages : 247 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico by : National Research Council

Download or read book An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-12-20 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the Gulf of Mexico recovers from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, natural resource managers face the challenge of understanding the impacts of the spill and setting priorities for restoration work. The full value of losses resulting from the spill cannot be captured, however, without consideration of changes in ecosystem services-the benefits delivered to society through natural processes. An Ecosystem Services Approach to Assessing the Impacts of the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill in the Gulf of Mexico discusses the benefits and challenges associated with using an ecosystem services approach to damage assessment, describing potential impacts of response technologies, exploring the role of resilience, and offering suggestions for areas of future research. This report illustrates how this approach might be applied to coastal wetlands, fisheries, marine mammals, and the deep sea-each of which provide key ecosystem services in the Gulf-and identifies substantial differences among these case studies. The report also discusses the suite of technologies used in the spill response, including burning, skimming, and chemical dispersants, and their possible long-term impacts on ecosystem services.

Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects

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Author :
Publisher : published under the auspices of the Environmental Studies Research Funds
ISBN 13 : 9780921652335
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (523 download)

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Book Synopsis Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects by : S. P. Hunter

Download or read book Bibliography of Aquatic Oil Pollution Fate and Effects written by S. P. Hunter and published by published under the auspices of the Environmental Studies Research Funds. This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This bibliography contains references retrieved from the scientific literature, describing the documented fate and effects of oil spills on marine and fresh water environments worldwide. It is based on and incorporates several earlier bibliographies, and is up-to-date to September 1993"--P. 1 of booklet.

Oil Spills

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Author :
Publisher : Hyperion Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spills by : American Petroleum Institute

Download or read book Oil Spills written by American Petroleum Institute and published by Hyperion Books. This book was released on 1980 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Oil in Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology

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Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483148793
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil in Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology by : John H. Vandermeulen

Download or read book Oil in Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology written by John H. Vandermeulen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil In Freshwater: Chemistry, Biology, Countermeasure Technology presents the proceedings of the Symposium of Oil Pollution held in Freshwater, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada represents a collection of scientific knowledge on state-of-the-art monitoring and cleanup of oil pollution in fresh waters. The book covers the major subject areas of the physical and chemical fates of oil and petroleum in freshwater environments; biological and ecological effects, biodegradability and microbiological considerations, fate in runoff and wastewater treatment, and aquifer contamination. The book discusses the solubilities of substances from tar sands and heavy oils; the physical and chemical behavior of oils; and the carcinogenic and toxic effects of oil and oil products, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on freshwater communities and ecosystems. The text also describes microbial biodegradability; oil related pollutants in road and urban runoff and during municipal and industrial wastewater treatment; and cleanup and disposal technologies. Oil pollution of aquifers has been thoroughly covered.

Produced Water

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461400465
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Produced Water by : Kenneth Lee

Download or read book Produced Water written by Kenneth Lee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-09-18 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-the-art review of scientific knowledge on the environmental risk of ocean discharge of produced water and advances in mitigation technologies. In offshore oil and gas operations, produced water (the water produced with oil or gas from a well) accounts for the largest waste stream (in terms of volume discharged). Its discharge is continuous during oil and gas production and typically increases in volume over the lifetime of an offshore production platform. Produced water discharge as waste into the ocean has become an environmental concern because of its potential contaminant content. Environmental risk assessments of ocean discharge of produced water have yielded different results. For example, several laboratory and field studies have shown that significant acute toxic effects cannot be detected beyond the "point of discharge" due to rapid dilution in the receiving waters. However, there is some preliminary evidence of chronic sub-lethal impacts in biota associated with the discharge of produced water from oil and gas fields within the North Sea. As the composition and concentration of potential produced water contaminants may vary from one geologic formation to another, this conference also highlights the results of recent studies in Atlantic Canada.

Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466557206
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America by : J. Brian Alford

Download or read book Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America written by J. Brian Alford and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-10-29 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At an increasingly global scale, aquatic scientists are heavily entrenched in understanding the fate of marine ecosystems in the face of human-altered environments. Oil spill disasters, especially large-scale ones like the 2010 Deepwater Horizon tragedy, have left uncertain and indelible marks on marine ecosystems. Impacts of Oil Spill Disasters on Marine Habitats and Fisheries in North America contains independent scientific findings and critical reviews from experts researching the impacts of the Exxon Valdez, Ixtoc I, and Deepwater Horizon oil spills on coastal fishery resources. Comprised of three sections, this seminal work: Details the physiological effects of oil-derived compounds on fishes, presenting results from field and laboratory investigations Addresses the science of assessing the impacts of oil spills and oil response measures on coastal habitats, with an emphasis on salt-marsh ecosystems in the Gulf of Mexico Explores the quantified and potential impacts of oil spills on population and community dynamics of commercial and recreational fishery species Provides newly released results from the 25-year recovery of marine mammals, birds, and fishes following the Exxon Valdez spill Chapters discuss new techniques for collecting and processing blood samples for toxicity testing, new aerial radar techniques for detecting unseen oil on marshes, consequences of oil prevention measures (such as diverting fresh water to estuaries or building sand berms to stop oil) on coastal fishery resources, and non-traditional methods for assessing the herring stock in Prince William Sound, Alaska, USA following the Exxon Valdez disaster.

Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response by :

Download or read book Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bioaccumulation in Marine Organisms

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080527841
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioaccumulation in Marine Organisms by : J.M. Neff

Download or read book Bioaccumulation in Marine Organisms written by J.M. Neff and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-16 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large volumes of produced water are generated and discharged to the coastal and ocean waters worldwide from offshore oil and gas production facilities. There is concern that the chemicals in the produced water may harm marine ecosystems. This book summarizes the bioavailability and marine ecotoxicology of metal and organic contaminants that may occur in oil well produced water at concentrations significantly higher than those in ambient seawater. The contaminants of concern include arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, radium isotopes, zinc, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. The first part of the book is a detailed discussion of the chemical composition of produced water from offshore oil wells worldwide and its fates following discharge to the ocean. The remaining chapters of the book summarize the current scientific literature on the sources and distributions in the ocean of each of the contaminants of concern and their bioaccumulation and toxicity to marine organisms. This book will be of value to: environmental scientists in the oil and gas industry; marine toxicologists and ecological risk assessors in academia, government, and industry; government regulatory agencies concerned with marine environmental protection. The book advances the concept that bioavailability evaluation must be included in all ecological risk assessments and other environmental assessments of chemical contaminants in marine and freshwater ecosystems.

Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems and Organisms

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Author :
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems and Organisms by : Douglas A. Wolfe

Download or read book Fate and Effects of Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Marine Ecosystems and Organisms written by Douglas A. Wolfe and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1977 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conference sponsored by NOAA Environmental Protection Agency. 45 papers covering all aspects of hydrocarbon pollution in the marine environment.