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The Expert Versus The Object
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Book Synopsis The Expert Versus the Object by : Ronald D. Spencer
Download or read book The Expert Versus the Object written by Ronald D. Spencer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-04 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authenticity of art has always commanded the attention of experts, dealers, collectors, and the art-minded public-especially those who relish the Robin Hoods of art forgery who deceive rich collectors and pompous experts. This book of essays, edited by a lawyer specializing in art law and authenticity, proposes to make the question of authenticity more easily understood. The main points to be argued are (1) that the perception of form in a work of art is not unlike other types of evidence accepted in courts of law; (2) that in determining authenticity, experts must adopt a careful, organized approach; and (3) that all authentication should be based on the consensus of experts at arm's length from an object.
Book Synopsis The Expert Versus the Object by : Ronald D. Spencer
Download or read book The Expert Versus the Object written by Ronald D. Spencer and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Expert versus the Object by : Ronald D. Spencer
Download or read book The Expert versus the Object written by Ronald D. Spencer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authenticity of visual art has always commanded the attention of experts, dealers, collectors, and the art-minded public. Is it "real" or "original" is a way of asking what am I buying? What do I own? What am I looking at? And today more sophisticated questions are being asked: How is authenticity determined and what weight does this determination have in court? This book of essays proposes to answer those questions. Three lines of inquiry are basic to determining authenticity: a connoisseur's evaluation, historical documentation or provenance, and scientific testing. A connoisseur is an expert who evaluates the "rightness" of a work based on much careful scrutiny of many works by an artist and familiarity with that artist's usual manner of working with materials. In determining provenance, a researcher traces the physical object from the artist through a chain of ownership to the present owner--simple enough in concept, though it assumes that the documentation is not faked or inaccurate. The goal is to ensure that the object is the same one that left the artist's hand. Scientific testing, although sometimes useful, is often longer on promise than result. Dating paint or wood samples, for instance, can show that a painting was made in Rembrandt's lifetime, but it cannot prove that it is by Rembrandt's hand. If expert opinion is divided, and large sums of money are involved, a dispute over authenticity may end up in a court of law, where evaluation of expert opinion evidence can be problematic. The essays in this book clarify the nature of the methods outlined above and explain, based on case law, the present status of authentication issues in court. Contributors include experts from Christie's, London; Sotheby's, New York; and the former director of the Frick Collection; as well as leading art historians and art dealers; an art conservator; a forensic graphologist; a philanthropist and collector; and a specialist in French art law. Their collective knowledge on issues of authenticity will be invaluable for anyone interested in the world of visual art.
Book Synopsis Group Verbal Decision Analysis by : Alexey B. Petrovsky
Download or read book Group Verbal Decision Analysis written by Alexey B. Petrovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes an original approach to solving tasks of individual and collective choice: classification, ranking, and selection of multi-attribute objects. Object representation with multisets allows considering simultaneously numerical and symbolic variables. In group verbal decision analysis, judgments of all participants are taken into account without a compromise between contradictory. Natural language is used to describe problems and objects, formalize knowledge of experts and preferences of decision makers, and explain results. Verbal methods and technologies are more transparent, less laborious for a person, and weakly sensitive to measurement errors. The book also includes examples of applying new tools in real ill-structured high-dimensional choice tasks. It is intended for researchers, managers, consultants, analysts, and developers as well as for teachers and students of applied mathematics, computer science, information processing, engineering, economics, and management.
Book Synopsis Perspectives on Object-Centered Learning in Museums by : Scott G. Paris
Download or read book Perspectives on Object-Centered Learning in Museums written by Scott G. Paris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-04 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The goal of this book is to cull from the last NSF conference, the "best ideas about how children interact with objects & through that interaction acquire new understandings, attitudes, and feelings."
Book Synopsis Experts in Uncertainty by : Roger Cooke
Download or read book Experts in Uncertainty written by Roger Cooke and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1991 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an extensive survey and critical examination of the literature on the use of expert opinion in scientific inquiry and policy making. The elicitation, representation, and use of expert opinion is increasingly important for two reasons: advancing technology leads to more and more complex decision problems, and technologists are turning in greater numbers to "expert systems" and other similar artifacts of artificial intelligence. Cooke here considers how expert opinion is being used today, how an expert's uncertainty is or should be represented, how people do or should reason with uncertainty, how the quality and usefulness of expert opinion can be assessed, and how the views of several experts might be combined. He argues for the importance of developing practical models with a transparent mathematic foundation for the use of expert opinion in science, and presents three tested models, termed "classical," "Bayesian," and "psychological scaling." Detailed case studies illustrate how they can be applied to a diversity of real problems in engineering and planning.
Book Synopsis 13th International Conference on Theory and Application of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing — ICAFS-2018 by : Rafik A. Aliev
Download or read book 13th International Conference on Theory and Application of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing — ICAFS-2018 written by Rafik A. Aliev and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-28 with total page 970 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Application of Fuzzy Systems and Soft Computing (ICAFS 2018), held in Warsaw, Poland on August 27–28, 2018. It includes contributions from diverse areas of soft computing such as uncertain computation, Z-information processing, neuro-fuzzy approaches, evolutionary computing and others. The topics of the papers include theory of uncertainty computation; theory and application of soft computing; decision theory with imperfect information; neuro-fuzzy technology; image processing with soft computing; intelligent control; machine learning; fuzzy logic in data analytics and data mining; evolutionary computing; chaotic systems; soft computing in business, economics and finance; fuzzy logic and soft computing in the earth sciences; fuzzy logic and soft computing in engineering; soft computing in medicine, biomedical engineering and the pharmaceutical sciences; and probabilistic and statistical reasoning in the social and educational sciences. The book covers new ideas from theoretical and practical perspectives in economics, business, industry, education, medicine, the earth sciences and other fields. In addition to promoting the development and application of soft computing methods in various real-life fields, it offers a useful guide for academics, practitioners, and graduates in fuzzy logic and soft computing fields.
Book Synopsis Object Oriented Programming and C++ by :
Download or read book Object Oriented Programming and C++ written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Testing Object-oriented Systems by : Robert Binder
Download or read book Testing Object-oriented Systems written by Robert Binder and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2000 with total page 1256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than ever, mission-critical and business-critical applications depend on object-oriented (OO) software. Testing techniques tailored to the unique challenges of OO technology are necessary to achieve high reliability and quality. "Testing Object-Oriented Systems: Models, Patterns, and Tools" is an authoritative guide to designing and automating test suites for OO applications. This comprehensive book explains why testing must be model-based and provides in-depth coverage of techniques to develop testable models from state machines, combinational logic, and the Unified Modeling Language (UML). It introduces the test design pattern and presents 37 patterns that explain how to design responsibility-based test suites, how to tailor integration and regression testing for OO code, how to test reusable components and frameworks, and how to develop highly effective test suites from use cases. Effective testing must be automated and must leverage object technology. The author describes how to design and code specification-based assertions to offset testability losses due to inheritance and polymorphism. Fifteen micro-patterns present oracle strategies--practical solutions for one of the hardest problems in test design. Seventeen design patterns explain how to automate your test suites with a coherent OO test harness framework. The author provides thorough coverage of testing issues such as: The bug hazards of OO programming and differences from testing procedural code How to design responsibility-based tests for classes, clusters, and subsystems using class invariants, interface data flow models, hierarchic state machines, class associations, and scenario analysis How to support reuse by effective testing of abstract classes, generic classes, components, and frameworks How to choose an integration strategy that supports iterative and incremental development How to achieve comprehensive system testing with testable use cases How to choose a regression test approach How to develop expected test results and evaluate the post-test state of an object How to automate testing with assertions, OO test drivers, stubs, and test frameworks Real-world experience, world-class best practices, and the latest research in object-oriented testing are included. Practical examples illustrate test design and test automation for Ada 95, C++, Eiffel, Java, Objective-C, and Smalltalk. The UML is used throughout, but the test design patterns apply to systems developed with any OO language or methodology. 0201809389B04062001
Book Synopsis Handbook of Object Technology by : Saba Zamir
Download or read book Handbook of Object Technology written by Saba Zamir and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1998-12-18 with total page 1260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object oriented paradigm has become one of the dominant forces in the computing world. According to a recent survey, by the year 2000, more than 80% of development organizations are expected to use object technology as the basis for their distributed development strategies. Handbook of Object Technology encompasses the entire spectrum of disciplines and topics related to this rapidly expanding field - outlining emerging technologies, latest advances, current trends, new specifications, and ongoing research. The handbook divides into 13 sections, each containing chapters related to that specific discipline. Up-to-date, non-abstract information provides the reader with practical, useful knowledge - directly applicable to the understanding and improvement of the reader's job or the area of interest related to this technology. Handbook of Object Technology discusses: the processes, notation, and tools for classical OO methodologies as well as information on future methodologies prevalent and emerging OO languages standards and specifications frameworks and patterns databases metrics business objects intranets analysis/design tools client/server application development environments
Book Synopsis Intelligent Agents V: Agents Theories, Architectures, and Languages by : Jörg Müller
Download or read book Intelligent Agents V: Agents Theories, Architectures, and Languages written by Jörg Müller and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-04-29 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading edge of computer science research is notoriously ?ckle. New trends come and go with alarming and unfailing regularity. In such a rapidly changing ?eld, the fact that research interest in a subject lasts more than a year is worthy of note. The fact that, after ?ve years, interest not only remains, but actually continues to grow is highly unusual. As 1998 marked the ?fth birthday of the International Workshop on Agent Theories, Architectures, and Languages (ATAL), it seemed appropriate for the organizers of the original workshop to comment on this remarkable growth, and re ect on how the ?eld has developed and matured. The ?rst ATAL workshop was co-located with the Eleventh European Conference on Arti?cial Intelligence (ECAI-94), which was held in Amsterdam. The fact that we chose an AI conference to co-locate with is telling: at that time, we expected most researchers with an interest in agents to come from the AI community. The workshop, whichwasplannedoverthesummerof1993,attracted32submissions,andwasattended by 55 people.ATAL was the largest workshop at ECAI-94, and the clear enthusiasm on behalfofthecommunitymadethedecisiontoholdanotherATALworkshopsimple.The ATAL-94proceedingswereformallypublishedinJanuary1995underthetitleIntelligent Agents, and included an extensive review article, a glossary, a list of key agent systems, and — unusually for the proceedings of an academic workshop — a full subject index. Thehighscienti?candproductionvaluesembodiedbytheATAL-94proceedingsappear to have been recognized by the community, and resulted inATAL proceedings being the most successful sequence of books published in Springer-Verlag s Lecture Notes in Arti?cial Intelligence series.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1002 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests by : Steve Freeman
Download or read book Growing Object-Oriented Software, Guided by Tests written by Steve Freeman and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2009-10-12 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Test-Driven Development (TDD) is now an established technique for delivering better software faster. TDD is based on a simple idea: Write tests for your code before you write the code itself. However, this "simple" idea takes skill and judgment to do well. Now there's a practical guide to TDD that takes you beyond the basic concepts. Drawing on a decade of experience building real-world systems, two TDD pioneers show how to let tests guide your development and “grow” software that is coherent, reliable, and maintainable. Steve Freeman and Nat Pryce describe the processes they use, the design principles they strive to achieve, and some of the tools that help them get the job done. Through an extended worked example, you’ll learn how TDD works at multiple levels, using tests to drive the features and the object-oriented structure of the code, and using Mock Objects to discover and then describe relationships between objects. Along the way, the book systematically addresses challenges that development teams encounter with TDD—from integrating TDD into your processes to testing your most difficult features. Coverage includes Implementing TDD effectively: getting started, and maintaining your momentum throughout the project Creating cleaner, more expressive, more sustainable code Using tests to stay relentlessly focused on sustaining quality Understanding how TDD, Mock Objects, and Object-Oriented Design come together in the context of a real software development project Using Mock Objects to guide object-oriented designs Succeeding where TDD is difficult: managing complex test data, and testing persistence and concurrency
Book Synopsis Requirements Modeling And Coding: An Object-oriented Approach by : Liping Liu
Download or read book Requirements Modeling And Coding: An Object-oriented Approach written by Liping Liu and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-10-20 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Requirements Modeling and Coding attempts to bridge the gap between modeling and coding and serves the growing trend of agile development better than existing textbooks in the area. Instead of using toy tools to create modeling and coding examples, the author teaches IBM Rational Rhapsody as a modeling tool and Microsoft Visual C# as a programming tool. C# is the purest object-oriented programming language and the best tool for developing graphical user interfaces, while Rhapsody is a visual development environment that real software developers use to create real-time or embedded systems.This book serves as a text for a capstone course on Systems Analysis and Design in Information Systems programs. It conceptualizes business objects and functions, develops business models and software architectures, and enriches the models and the architectures by storyboarding use cases along with user interface designs.Instructor's resources are provided for free to instructors who adopt the book as textbook. Please send your request to [email protected].
Book Synopsis Generalization of Knowledge by : Marie T. Banich
Download or read book Generalization of Knowledge written by Marie T. Banich and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2011-01-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume takes a multidisciplinary perspective on generalization of knowledge from several fields associated with Cognitive Science, including Cognitive Neuroscience, Computer Science, Education, Linguistics, Developmental Science, and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences. The aim is to derive general principles from triangulation across different disciplines and approaches.
Book Synopsis Contributions to a Computer-Based Theory of Strategies by : Nicholas V. Findler
Download or read book Contributions to a Computer-Based Theory of Strategies written by Nicholas V. Findler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People use the word strategy in a variety of different contexts. The term has connotations ranging from statesmanship to economic planning, and has become pervasive in the social sciences. We also talk about "problem solving strategies" and "corporate strategy" in a large business enterprise. The concept of strategy applies whenever a sequence of goal-oriented actions is based on large-scale and long-range planning. This monograph gives a systematic overview of the theory of strategies, a new area of enquiry developed over the past two decades by the author and his team. The projects described have clearly defined research objectives and are based on realistic assumptions about the environments in which the programming systems will work, and about the constraints and requirements they have to satisfy. Applications of the systems range over various aspects of air traffic control, automatic verification and validation of discrete-event simulation models, econometric model building, distributed planning systems for manufacturing, control of traffic lights, and others. The book is aimed at researchers, teachers and students in computer science, management science and certain areas of engineering. The reader should have some maturity in computer science and mathematics, and familiarity with the basic concepts of artificial intelligence.
Book Synopsis Ethnography for the Internet by : Christine Hine
Download or read book Ethnography for the Internet written by Christine Hine and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-11 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The internet has become embedded into our daily lives, no longer an esoteric phenomenon, but instead an unremarkable way of carrying out our interactions with one another. Online and offline are interwoven in everyday experience. Using the internet has become accepted as a way of being present in the world, rather than a means of accessing some discrete virtual domain. Ethnographers of these contemporary Internet-infused societies consequently find themselves facing serious methodological dilemmas: where should they go, what should they do there and how can they acquire robust knowledge about what people do in, through and with the internet?This book presents an overview of the challenges faced by ethnographers who wish to understand activities that involve the internet. Suitable for both new and experienced ethnographers, it explores both methodological principles and practical strategies for coming to terms with the definition of field sites, the connections between online and offline and the changing nature of embodied experience. Examples are drawn from a wide range of settings, including ethnographies of scientific institutions, television, social media and locally based gift-giving networks.
