The Case Of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin

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The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin

Author : Sergei S. Demidov
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470426080
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin by : Sergei S. Demidov

Download or read book The Case of Academician Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin written by Sergei S. Demidov and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Soviet school, one of the glories of twentieth-century mathematics, faced a serious crisis in the summer of 1936. It was suffering from internal strains due to generational conflicts between the young talents and the old establishment. At the same time, Soviet leaders (including Stalin himself) were bent on “Sovietizing” all of science in the USSR by requiring scholars to publish their works in Russian in the Soviet Union, ending the nearly universal practice of publishing in the West. A campaign to “Sovietize” mathematics in the USSR was launched with an attack on Nikolai Nikolaevich Luzin, the leader of the Soviet school of mathematics, in Pravda. Luzin was fortunate in that only a few of the most ardent ideologues wanted to destroy him utterly. As a result, Luzin, though humiliated and frightened, was allowed to make a statement of public repentance and then let off with a relatively mild reprimand. A major factor in his narrow escape was the very abstractness of his research area (descriptive set theory), which was difficult to incorporate into a propaganda campaign aimed at the broader public. The present book contains the transcripts of five meetings of the Academy of Sciences commission charged with investigating the accusations against Luzin, meetings held in July of 1936. Ancillary material from the Soviet press of the time is included to place these meetings in context.

Naming Infinity

Author : Loren Graham
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674032934
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Naming Infinity by : Loren Graham

Download or read book Naming Infinity written by Loren Graham and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-31 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1913, Russian imperial marines stormed an Orthodox monastery at Mt. Athos, Greece, to haul off monks engaged in a dangerously heretical practice known as Name Worshipping. Exiled to remote Russian outposts, the monks and their mystical movement went underground. Ultimately, they came across Russian intellectuals who embraced Name Worshipping—and who would achieve one of the biggest mathematical breakthroughs of the twentieth century, going beyond recent French achievements. Loren Graham and Jean-Michel Kantor take us on an exciting mathematical mystery tour as they unravel a bizarre tale of political struggles, psychological crises, sexual complexities, and ethical dilemmas. At the core of this book is the contest between French and Russian mathematicians who sought new answers to one of the oldest puzzles in math: the nature of infinity. The French school chased rationalist solutions. The Russian mathematicians, notably Dmitri Egorov and Nikolai Luzin—who founded the famous Moscow School of Mathematics—were inspired by mystical insights attained during Name Worshipping. Their religious practice appears to have opened to them visions into the infinite—and led to the founding of descriptive set theory. The men and women of the leading French and Russian mathematical schools are central characters in this absorbing tale that could not be told until now. Naming Infinity is a poignant human interest story that raises provocative questions about science and religion, intuition and creativity.

Nikolai Demidov

Author : Nikolai Demidov
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317220692
Total Pages : 830 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Nikolai Demidov by : Nikolai Demidov

Download or read book Nikolai Demidov written by Nikolai Demidov and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-07-01 with total page 830 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the time of his death, Stanislavsky considered Nikolai Demidov to be ‘his only student, who understands the System’. Demidov’s incredibly forward-thinking processes not only continued his teacher’s pioneering work, but also solved the problems of an actor’s creativity that Stanislavsky never conquered. This book brings together Demidov’s five volumes on actor training. Supplementary materials, including transcriptions of Demidov’s classes, and notes and correspondence from the author make this the definitive collection on one of Russian theatre’s most important figures.

Geometry in History

Author : S. G. Dani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030136094
Total Pages : 759 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Geometry in History by : S. G. Dani

Download or read book Geometry in History written by S. G. Dani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-18 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a collection of surveys on important mathematical ideas, their origin, their evolution and their impact in current research. The authors are mathematicians who are leading experts in their fields. The book is addressed to all mathematicians, from undergraduate students to senior researchers, regardless of the specialty.

New Atlantis Revisited

Author : Paul R. Josephson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780691044545
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis New Atlantis Revisited by : Paul R. Josephson

Download or read book New Atlantis Revisited written by Paul R. Josephson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958 construction began on Akademgorodok, a scientific utopian community modeled after Francis Bacon's vision of a "New Atlantis." The city, carved out of a Siberian forest 2,500 miles east of Moscow, was formed by Soviet scientists with Khrushchev's full support. They believed that their rational science, liberated from ideological and economic constraints, would help their country surpass the West in all fields. In a lively history of this city, a symbol of de-Stalinization, Paul Josephson offers the most complete analysis available of the reasons behind the successes and failures of Soviet science--from advances in nuclear physics to politically induced setbacks in research on recombinant DNA. Josephson presents case studies of high energy physics, genetics, computer science, environmentalism, and social sciences. He reveals that persistent ideological interference by the Communist Party, financial uncertainties, and pressures to do big science endemic in the USSR contributed to the failure of Akademgorodok to live up to its promise. Still, a kind of openness reigned that presaged the glasnost of Gorbachev's administration decades later. The openness was rooted in the geographical and psychological distance from Moscow and in the informal culture of exchange intended to foster the creative impulse. Akademgorodok is still an important research center, having exposed physics, biology, sociology, economics, and computer science to new investigations, distinct in pace and scope from those performed elsewhere in the Soviet scientific establishment.

In Search of Infinity

Author : N.Ya. Vilenkin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461208378
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis In Search of Infinity by : N.Ya. Vilenkin

Download or read book In Search of Infinity written by N.Ya. Vilenkin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of infinity is one of the most important, and at the same time, one of the most mysterious concepts of science. Already in antiquity many philosophers and mathematicians pondered over its contradictory nature. In mathematics, the contradictions connected with infinity intensified after the creation, at the end of the 19th century, of the theory of infinite sets and the subsequent discovery, soon after, of paradoxes in this theory. At the time, many scientists ignored the paradoxes and used set theory extensively in their work, while others subjected set-theoretic methods in mathematics to harsh criticism. The debate intensified when a group of French mathematicians, who wrote under the pseudonym of Nicolas Bourbaki, tried to erect the whole edifice of mathematics on the single notion of a set. Some mathematicians greeted this attempt enthusiastically while others regarded it as an unnecessary formalization, an attempt to tear mathematics away from life-giving practical applications that sustain it. These differences notwithstanding, Bourbaki has had a significant influence on the evolution of mathematics in the twentieth century. In this book we try to tell the reader how the idea of the infinite arose and developed in physics and in mathematics, how the theory of infinite sets was constructed, what paradoxes it has led to, what significant efforts have been made to eliminate the resulting contradictions, and what routes scientists are trying to find that would provide a way out of the many difficulties.

Mathematics across the Iron Curtain

Author : Christopher Hollings
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
ISBN 13 : 1470414937
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics across the Iron Curtain by : Christopher Hollings

Download or read book Mathematics across the Iron Curtain written by Christopher Hollings and published by American Mathematical Society. This book was released on 2014-07-16 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of semigroups is a relatively young branch of mathematics, with most of the major results having appeared after the Second World War. This book describes the evolution of (algebraic) semigroup theory from its earliest origins to the establishment of a full-fledged theory. Semigroup theory might be termed `Cold War mathematics' because of the time during which it developed. There were thriving schools on both sides of the Iron Curtain, although the two sides were not always able to communicate with each other, or even gain access to the other's publications. A major theme of this book is the comparison of the approaches to the subject of mathematicians in East and West, and the study of the extent to which contact between the two sides was possible.

Mathematics in Politics and Governance

Author : Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031527763
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematics in Politics and Governance by : Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho

Download or read book Mathematics in Politics and Governance written by Francisco J. Aragón-Artacho and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Toeplitz Matrices and Operators

Author : Nikolaï Nikolski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108187579
Total Pages : 453 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Toeplitz Matrices and Operators by : Nikolaï Nikolski

Download or read book Toeplitz Matrices and Operators written by Nikolaï Nikolski and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-02 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of Toeplitz matrices and operators is a vital part of modern analysis, with applications to moment problems, orthogonal polynomials, approximation theory, integral equations, bounded- and vanishing-mean oscillations, and asymptotic methods for large structured determinants, among others. This friendly introduction to Toeplitz theory covers the classical spectral theory of Toeplitz forms and Wiener–Hopf integral operators and their manifestations throughout modern functional analysis. Numerous solved exercises illustrate the results of the main text and introduce subsidiary topics, including recent developments. Each chapter ends with a survey of the present state of the theory, making this a valuable work for the beginning graduate student and established researcher alike. With biographies of the principal creators of the theory and historical context also woven into the text, this book is a complete source on Toeplitz theory.

Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies

Author : Anton Yasnitsky
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317500415
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies by : Anton Yasnitsky

Download or read book Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies written by Anton Yasnitsky and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-09-16 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revisionist Revolution in Vygotsky Studies brings together recent critical investigations which examine historical and textual inaccuracies associated with received understandings of Vygotsky’s work. By deconstructing the Vygotskian narrative, the authors debunk the 'cult of Vygotsky', allowing for a new, exciting interpretation of the logic and direction of his theory. The chapters cover a number of important themes, including: The chronology of Vygotsky’s ideas and theory development, and the main core of his theoretical writings Relationships between Vygotskians and their Western colleagues The international reception of Vygotskian psychology and problems of translation The future development of Vygotskian science Using Vygotsky’s published and unpublished writings the authors present a detailed historical understanding of Vygotsky’s thought, and the circumstances in which he worked. It includes coverage of the organization of academic psychology in the Soviet Union, the network of scholars associated with Vygotsky in the interwar period, and the assumed publication ban on Vygotsky’s writings. This volume is the first to provide an overview of revisionist studies of Vygotsky’s work, and is the product of close international collaboration between revisionist scholars. It will be an essential contribution to Vygotskian scholarship, and of great interest to researchers in the history of psychology, history of science, Soviet/Russian history, philosophical psychology and philosophy of science.

The Quantum Generation

Author : Margarita Ryutova-Kemoklidze
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642493572
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis The Quantum Generation by : Margarita Ryutova-Kemoklidze

Download or read book The Quantum Generation written by Margarita Ryutova-Kemoklidze and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum mechanics dates its anniversaries from 1925, the year when its first versions, matrix and wave mechanics, were born. The quan tum itself had by that time reached the age of 25, having first seen the light of day on the eve of the nativity of the 20th century itself. Either shunned or completely unnoticed, the quantum seemed for a long time to be an illegitimate child. Even Max Planck himself, its own father, could not bring himself to accept his monstrous child until he was forced to do so -that is, until it became clear that the problems which were arising in physics could not be solved without the quantum. At first the quantum "like a greasy stain, soaked through all the different branches of physics" and then, like an explosion, came the creation of quantum mechanics. The overwhelming majority of those who first created quantum mechanics were just about of an age with the quantum itself. These were very young people, born as the new century was born, give or take a year or so. Hence the phrase was coined - "the quantum generation". At that time there was quantum everything - towns, steps, park benches, lodging houses and so, natu rally, the quantum generation.

Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice

Author : Bharath Sriraman
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031408462
Total Pages : 3221 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice by : Bharath Sriraman

Download or read book Handbook of the History and Philosophy of Mathematical Practice written by Bharath Sriraman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 3221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses

Author : Martina Becvarova
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 1786349329
Total Pages : 623 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses by : Martina Becvarova

Download or read book Development Of Mathematics Between The World Wars, The: Case Studies, Examples And Analyses written by Martina Becvarova and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-05-14 with total page 623 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Development of Mathematics Between the World Wars traces the transformation of scientific life within mathematical communities during the interwar period in Central and Eastern Europe, specifically in Germany, Russia, Poland, Hungary, and Czechoslovakia. Throughout the book, in-depth mathematical analyses and examples are included for the benefit of the reader.World War I heavily affected academic life. In European countries, many talented researchers and students were killed in action and scientific activities were halted to resume only in the postwar years. However, this inhibition turned out to be a catalyst for the birth of a new generation of mathematicians, for the emergence of new ideas and theories and for the surprising creation of new and outstanding scientific schools.The final four chapters are not restricted to Central and Eastern Europe and deal with the development of mathematics between World War I and World War II. After describing the general state of mathematics at the end of the 19th century and the first third of the 20th century, three case studies dealing with selected mathematical disciplines are presented (set theory, potential theory, combinatorics), in a way accessible to a broad audience of mathematicians as well as historians of mathematics.

Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin

Author : David K Zimmerman
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487543662
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin by : David K Zimmerman

Download or read book Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin written by David K Zimmerman and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2022-12-21 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1930s, hundreds of scientists and scholars fled Hitler’s Germany. Many found safety, but some made the disastrous decision to seek refuge in Stalin’s Soviet Union. The vast majority of these refugee scholars were arrested, murdered, or forced to flee the Soviet Union during the Great Terror. Many of the survivors then found themselves embroiled in the Holocaust. Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin explores the forced migration of these displaced academics from Nazi Germany to the Soviet Union. The book follows the lives of thirty-six scholars through some of the most tumultuous events of the twentieth century. It reveals that not only did they endure the chaos that engulfed central Europe in the decades before Hitler came to power, but they were also caught up in two of the greatest mass murders in history. David Zimmerman examines how those fleeing Hitler in their quests for safe harbour faced hardship and grave danger, including arrest, torture, and execution by the Soviet state. Drawing on German, Russian, and English sources, Ensnared between Hitler and Stalin illustrates the complex paths taken by refugee scholars in flight.

Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928

Author : Laurent Mazliak
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030616835
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928 by : Laurent Mazliak

Download or read book Mathematical Communities in the Reconstruction After the Great War 1918–1928 written by Laurent Mazliak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-27 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a consequence of the international meeting organized in Marseilles in November 2018 devoted to the aftermath of the Great War for mathematical communities. It features selected original research presented at the meeting offering a new perspective on a period, the 1920s, not extensively considered by historiography. After 1918, new countries were created, and borders of several others were modified. Territories were annexed while some countries lost entire regions. These territorial changes bear witness to the massive and varied upheavals with which European societies were confronted in the aftermath of the Great War. The reconfiguration of political Europe was accompanied by new alliances and a redistribution of trade – commercial, intellectual, artistic, military, and so on – which largely shaped international life during the interwar period. These changes also had an enormous impact on scientific life, not only in practice, but also in its organization and communication strategies. The mathematical sciences, which from the late 19th century to the 1920s experienced a deep disciplinary evolution, were thus facing a double movement, internal and external, which led to a sustainable restructuring of research and teaching. Concomitantly, various areas such as topology, functional analysis, abstract algebra, logic or probability, among others, experienced exceptional development. This was accompanied by an explosion of new international or national associations of mathematicians with for instance the founding, in 1918, of the International Mathematical Union and the controversial creation of the International Research Council. Therefore, the central idea for the articulation of the various chapters of the book is to present case studies illustrating how in the aftermath of the war, many mathematicians had to organize their personal trajectories taking into account the evolution of the political, social and scientific environment which had taken place at the end of the conflict.

The Fuzzification of Systems

Author : Rudolf Seising
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540717951
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fuzzification of Systems by : Rudolf Seising

Download or read book The Fuzzification of Systems written by Rudolf Seising and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-16 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, Fuzzy Set Theory is the core discipline of so-called ‘soft’ computing, and provides new impetus for research in the field of artificial intelligence. In this fascinating book, the history of Fuzzy Set Theory and the ways it was first used are incorporated into the history of 20th century science and technology. Influences from philosophy, system theory and cybernetics stemming from the earliest part of the 20th century are considered alongside those of communication and control theory from mid-century.

Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War

Author : Christopher D. Hollings
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470443538
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War by : Christopher D. Hollings

Download or read book Meeting under the Integral Sign?: The Oslo Congress of Mathematicians on the Eve of the Second World War written by Christopher D. Hollings and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2020-04-08 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the historically unique conditions under which the International Congress of Mathematicians took place in Oslo in 1936. This Congress was the only one on this level to be held during the period of the Nazi regime in Germany (1933–1945) and after the wave of emigrations from it. Relying heavily on unpublished archival sources, the authors consider the different goals of the various participants in the Congress, most notably those of the Norwegian organizers, and the Nazi-led German delegation. They also investigate the reasons for the absence of the proposed Soviet and Italian delegations. In addition, aiming to shed light onto the mathematical dimension of the Congress, the authors provide overviews of the nineteen plenary presentations, as well as their planning and development. Biographical information about each of the plenary speakers rounds off the picture. The Oslo Congress, the first at which Fields Medals were awarded, is used as a lens through which the reader of this book can view the state of the art of mathematics in the mid-1930s.