Self Reflection For The Opaque Mind

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Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind

Author : T. Parent
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317210964
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind by : T. Parent

Download or read book Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind written by T. Parent and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.

Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind

Author : T. Parent
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317210956
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind by : T. Parent

Download or read book Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind written by T. Parent and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.

The Mind and Self-Reflection: A New Way to Read with Your Mind

Author : Ron W. Rathbun
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780984160815
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mind and Self-Reflection: A New Way to Read with Your Mind by : Ron W. Rathbun

Download or read book The Mind and Self-Reflection: A New Way to Read with Your Mind written by Ron W. Rathbun and published by . This book was released on 2012-04-01 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have you ever done something and wonder why you did it? Are you able to stop the relentless chatter in your head? Do you learn from information that is already available, or see things from your own understanding? You have heard that being in mind is good, but has anyone been able to show you the way? If you want to start feeling your life, instead of just walking through it, you must learn to access your mind. If you want to stop the chatter in your brain, and live from your heart, you must learn to move into mind. If you want to discover your life, you must understand it from your mind. This book offers a way to teach yourself to move from your brain to mind. As you read the quotes in this book you will find yourself transitioning from the thinking of brain to the mental feeling of mind. Once you understand this difference, you will be able to move into mind on your own. If you practice this new way of understanding your mind, it will change the way you learn about your life and how you feel about yourself in a profoundly beautiful way.

Mental Fictionalism

Author : Tamás Demeter
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000584003
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Mental Fictionalism by : Tamás Demeter

Download or read book Mental Fictionalism written by Tamás Demeter and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are mental states? When we talk about people’s beliefs or desires, are we talking about what is happening inside their heads? If so, might cognitive science show that we are wrong? Might it turn out that mental states do not exist? Mental fictionalism offers a new approach to these longstanding questions about the mind. Its core idea is that mental states are useful fictions. When we talk about mental states, we are not formulating hypotheses about people’s inner machinery. Instead, we simply talk "as if" people had certain inner states, such as beliefs or desires, in order to make sense of their behaviour. This is the first book dedicated to exploring mental fictionalism. Featuring contributions from established authors as well as up-and-coming scholars in this burgeoning field, the book reveals the exciting potential of a fictionalist approach to the mind, as well as the challenges it faces. In doing so, it offers a fresh perspective on foundational debates in the philosophy of mind, such as the nature of mental states and folk psychology, as well as hot topics in the field, such as embodied cognition and mental representation. Mental Fictionalism: Philosophical Explorations is essential reading for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates and professionals alike.

The Non-Existence of the Real World

Author : Jan Westerhoff
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0198847912
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis The Non-Existence of the Real World by : Jan Westerhoff

Download or read book The Non-Existence of the Real World written by Jan Westerhoff and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does the real world, defined as a world of objects that exist independent of human interests, concerns, and cognitive activities, really exist? Jan Westerhoff argues that we have good reason to believe it does not. His discussion considers four main facets of the idea of the real world, ranging from the existence of a separate external and internal world (comprising various mental states congregated around a self), to the existence of an ontological foundation that grounds the existence of all the entities in the world, and the existence of an ultimately true theory that provides a final account of all there is. As Westerhoff discusses the reasons for rejecting the postulation of an external world behind our representations, he asserts that the internal world is not as epistemically transparent as is usually assumed, and that there are good reasons for adopting an anti-foundational account of ontological dependence. Drawing on conclusions from the ancient Indian philosophical system of Madhyamaka Buddhism, Westerhoff defends his stance in a purely Western philosophical framework, and affirms that ontology, and philosophy more generally, need not be conceived as providing an ultimately true theory of the world.

Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis

Author : Jaroslav Peregrin
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315453924
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis by : Jaroslav Peregrin

Download or read book Reflective Equilibrium and the Principles of Logical Analysis written by Jaroslav Peregrin and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive account of logic that addresses fundamental issues concerning the nature and foundations of the discipline. The authors claim that these foundations can not only be established without the need for strong metaphysical assumptions, but also without hypostasizing logical forms as specific entities. They present a systematic argument that the primary subject matter of logic is our linguistic interaction rather than our private reasoning and it is thus misleading to see logic as revealing "the laws of thought". In this sense, fundamental logical laws are implicit to our "language games" and are thus more similar to social norms than to the laws of nature. Peregrin and Svoboda also show that logical theories, despite the fact that they rely on rules implicit to our actual linguistic practice, firm up these rules and make them explicit. By carefully scrutinizing the project of logical analysis, the authors demonstrate that logical rules can be best seen as products of the so called reflective equilibrium. They suggest that we can profit from viewing languages as "inferential landscapes" and logicians as "geographers" who map them and try to pave safe routes through them. This book is an essential resource for scholars and researchers engaged with the foundations of logical theories and the philosophy of language.

Others in Mind

Author : Philippe Rochat
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139475401
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Others in Mind by : Philippe Rochat

Download or read book Others in Mind written by Philippe Rochat and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-02-09 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, Philippe Rochat explores self-consciousness, how it originates and how it shapes our lives, arguably the most important and revealing of all psychological problems. Why are we so prone to guilt and embarrassment? Why do we care so much about how others see us, about our reputation? What are the origins of such afflictions? Rochat argues that it is because we are members of a species that evolved the unique propensity to reflect upon themselves as an object of thoughts; an object of thoughts that is potentially evaluated by others. Based on empirical observations, this is a book of ideas, tapping into both developmental and anthropological phenomena and guided by strong existential intuitions regarding the human condition. At the core of these intuitions, there is the idea that human psychic life is predominantly determined by what we imagine others perceive of us.

The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics

Author : Ricki Bliss
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351622501
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics by : Ricki Bliss

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics written by Ricki Bliss and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-07-14 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Philosophical questions regarding the nature and methodology of philosophical inquiry have garnered much attention in recent years. Perhaps nowhere are these discussions more developed than in relation to the field of metaphysics. The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics is an outstanding reference source to this growing subject. It comprises thirty-eight chapters written by leading international contributors, and is arranged around five themes: • The history of metametaphysics • Neo-Quineanism (and its objectors) • Alternative conceptions of metaphysics • The epistemology of metaphysics • Science and metaphysics. Essential reading for students and researchers in metaphysics, philosophical methodology, and ontology, The Routledge Handbook of Metametaphysics will also be of interest to those in closely related subjects such as philosophy of language, logic, and philosophy of science.

Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation

Author : Michele Paolini Paoletti
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317271432
Total Pages : 507 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation by : Michele Paolini Paoletti

Download or read book Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation written by Michele Paolini Paoletti and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-17 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Downward causation plays a fundamental role in many theories of metaphysics and philosophy of mind. It is strictly connected with many topics in philosophy, including but not limited to: emergence, mental causation, the nature of causation, the nature of causal powers and dispositions, laws of nature, and the possibility of ontological and epistemic reductions. Philosophical and Scientific Perspectives on Downward Causation brings together experts from different fields—including William Bechtel, Stewart Clark and Tom Lancaster, Carl Gillett, John Heil, Robin F. Hendry, Max Kistler, Stephen Mumford and Rani Lill Anjum —who delve into classic and unexplored lines of philosophical inquiry related to downward causation. It critically assesses the possibility of downward causation given different ontological assumptions and explores the connection between downward causation and the metaphysics of causation and dispositions. Finally, it presents different cases of downward causation in empirical fields such as physics, chemistry, biology and the neurosciences. This volume is both a useful introduction and a collection of original contributions on this fascinating and hotly debated philosophical topic.

Aesthetic Disinterestedness

Author : Thomas Hilgers
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317444892
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Aesthetic Disinterestedness by : Thomas Hilgers

Download or read book Aesthetic Disinterestedness written by Thomas Hilgers and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-01 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion of disinterestedness is often conceived of as antiquated or ideological. In spite of this, Hilgers argues that one cannot reject it if one wishes to understand the nature of art. He claims that an artwork typically asks a person to adopt a disinterested attitude towards what it shows, and that the effect of such an adoption is that it makes the person temporarily lose the sense of herself, while enabling her to gain a sense of the other. Due to an artwork’s particular wealth, multiperspectivity, and dialecticity, the engagement with it cannot culminate in the construction of world-views, but must initiate a process of self-critical thinking, which is a precondition of real self-determination. Ultimately, then, the aesthetic experience of art consists of a dynamic process of losing the sense of oneself, while gaining a sense of the other, and of achieving selfhood. In his book, Hilgers spells out the nature of this process by means of rethinking Kant’s and Schopenhauer’s aesthetic theories in light of more recent developments in philosophy–specifically in hermeneutics, critical theory, and analytic philosophy–and within the arts themselves–specifically within film and performance art.

Intentionality in Sellars

Author : Luz Christopher Seiberth
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000511057
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Intentionality in Sellars by : Luz Christopher Seiberth

Download or read book Intentionality in Sellars written by Luz Christopher Seiberth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-12-15 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that Sellars’ theory of intentionality can be understood as an advancement of a transcendental philosophical approach. It shows how Sellars develops his theory of intentionality through his engagement with the theoretical philosophy of Immanuel Kant. The book delivers a provocative reinterpretation of one of the most problematic and controversial concepts of Sellars' philosophy: the picturing-relation. Sellars' theory of intentionality addresses the question of how to reconcile two aspects that seem opposed: the non-relational theory of intellectual and linguistic content and a causal-transcendental theory of representation inspired by the philosophy of the early Wittgenstein. The author explains how both parts cohere in a transcendental account of finite knowledge. He claims that this can only be achieved by reading Sellars as committed to a transcendental methodology inspired by Kant. In a final step, he brings his interpretation to bear on the contemporary metaphilosophical debate on pragmatism and expressivism. Intentionality in Sellars will be of interest to scholars of Sellars and Kant, as well as researchers working in philosophy of mind, epistemology, and the history of nineteenth- and twentieth-century philosophy.

Isn’t that Clever

Author : Steven Gimbel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351622617
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Isn’t that Clever by : Steven Gimbel

Download or read book Isn’t that Clever written by Steven Gimbel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Isn’t That Clever provides a new account of the nature of humor – the cleverness account – according to which humor is intentional conspicuous acts of playful cleverness. By defining humor in this way, answers can be found to longstanding questions about humor ethics (Are there jokes that are wrong to tell? Are there jokes that can only be told by certain people?) and humor aesthetics (What makes for a good joke? Is humor subjective?). In addition to humor in general, Isn’t That Clever asks questions about comedy as an art form such as whether there are limits to what can be said in dealing with a heckler and how do we determine whether one comedian has stolen jokes from another.

Rethinking Punishment in the Era of Mass Incarceration

Author : Chris W. Surprenant
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1351692410
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Rethinking Punishment in the Era of Mass Incarceration by : Chris W. Surprenant

Download or read book Rethinking Punishment in the Era of Mass Incarceration written by Chris W. Surprenant and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Acknowledgement -- Introduction: Why Do We Punish? -- 1 The Problem of Punishment -- 2 Unconscionable Punishment -- 3 The Coproduction of Justice -- 4 The Certainty of Punishment and the Proportionality of Incarceration -- 5 Imprisonment and the Right to Freedom of Movement -- 6 Are There Expressive Constraints on Incarceration? -- 7 Punishment, Restitution, and Incarceration -- 8 Communicative Theories of Punishment and the Impact of Apology -- 9 A Reparative Approach to Parole-Release Decisions -- 10 Restorative Justice in High Schools: A Roadmap to Transforming Prisons -- 11 Reforming Youth Incarceration in the United States -- 12 Policing for "Profit": The Political Economy of Private Prisons and Asset Forfeiture -- 13 Why Paternalists and Social Welfarists Should Oppose Criminal Drug Laws -- 14 The Need for Prosecutorial Guidelines -- 15 Prison Tunnel Vision -- 16 Exile as an Alternative to Incarceration -- 17 Corporal Punishment as an Alternative to Incarceration -- 18 The Potentials and Limitations of De-Incarceration -- List of Contributors -- Index

Using Words and Things

Author : Mark Coeckelbergh
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131552855X
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Words and Things by : Mark Coeckelbergh

Download or read book Using Words and Things written by Mark Coeckelbergh and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-06-26 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a systematic framework for thinking about the relationship between language and technology and an argument for interweaving thinking about technology with thinking about language. The main claim of philosophy of technology—that technologies are not mere tools and artefacts not mere things, but crucially and significantly shape what we perceive, do, and are—is re-thought in a way that accounts for the role of language in human technological experiences and practices. Engaging with work by Wittgenstein, Heidegger, McLuhan, Searle, Ihde, Latour, Ricoeur, and many others, the author critically responds to, and constructs a synthesis of, three "extreme", idealtype, untenable positions: (1) only humans speak and neither language nor technologies speak, (2) only language speaks and neither humans nor technologies speak, and (3) only technology speaks and neither humans nor language speak. The construction of this synthesis goes hand in hand with a narrative about subjects and objects that become entangled and constitute one another. Using Words and Things thus draws in central discussions from other subdisciplines in philosophy, such as philosophy of language, epistemology, and metaphysics, to offer an original theory of the relationship between language and (philosophy of) technology centered on use, performance, and narrative, and taking a transcendental turn.

The Opacity of Mind

Author : Peter Carruthers
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199685142
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis The Opacity of Mind by : Peter Carruthers

Download or read book The Opacity of Mind written by Peter Carruthers and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-08 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Do we have introspective access to our own thoughts? Peter Carruthers challenges the consensus that we do: he argues that access to our own thoughts is always interpretive, grounded in perceptual awareness and sensory imagery. He proposes a bold new theory of self-knowledge, with radical implications for understanding of consciousness and agency.

The Social Contexts of Intellectual Virtue

Author : Adam Green
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315302586
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (153 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contexts of Intellectual Virtue by : Adam Green

Download or read book The Social Contexts of Intellectual Virtue written by Adam Green and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-12-08 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconceives virtue epistemology in light of the conviction that we are essentially social creatures. Virtue is normally thought of as something that allows individuals to accomplish things on their own. Although contemporary ethics is increasingly making room for an inherently social dimension in moral agency, intellectual virtues continue to be seen in terms of the computing potential of a brain taken by itself. Thinking in these terms, however, seriously misconstrues the way in which our individual flourishing hinges on our collective flourishing. Green’s account of virtue epistemology is based on the extended credit view, which conceives of knowledge as an achievement and broadens that focus to include team achievements in addition to individual ones. He argues that this view does a better job than alternatives of answering the many conceptual and empirical challenges for virtue epistemology that have been based on cases of testimony. The view also allows for a nuanced interaction with situationist psychology, dual processing models in cognitive science, and the extended mind literature in philosophy of mind. This framework provides a useful conceptual bridge between individual and group epistemology, and it has novel applications to the epistemology of disagreement, prejudice, and authority.

Facts and Values

Author : Giancarlo Marchetti
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317354680
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Facts and Values by : Giancarlo Marchetti

Download or read book Facts and Values written by Giancarlo Marchetti and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-03 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection offers a synoptic view of current philosophical debates concerning the relationship between facts and values, bringing together a wide spectrum of contributors committed to testing the validity of this dichotomy, exploring alternatives, and assessing their implications. The assumption that facts and values inhabit distinct, unbridgeable conceptual and experiential domains has long dominated scientific and philosophical discourse, but this separation has been seriously called into question from a number of corners. The original essays here collected offer a diversity of responses to fact-value dichotomy, including contributions from Hilary Putnam and Ruth Anna Putnam who are rightly credited with revitalizing philosophical interest in this alleged opposition. Both they, and many of our contributors, are in agreement that the relationship between epistemic developments and evaluative attitudes cannot be framed as a conflict between descriptive and normative understanding. Each chapter demonstrates how and why contrapositions between science and ethics, between facts and values, and between objective and subjective are false dichotomies. Values cannot simply be separated from reason. Facts and Values will therefore prove essential reading for analytic and continental philosophers alike, for theorists of ethics and meta-ethics, and for philosophers of economics and law.