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Proprietes Electriques Et Cristallochimie Des Joints De Grains Dans Les Oxydes Ceramiques
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Book Synopsis PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES ET CRISTALLOCHIMIE DES JOINTS DE GRAINS DANS LES OXYDES CERAMIQUES by : MARIE HELENE.. BERGER-PINET
Download or read book PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES ET CRISTALLOCHIMIE DES JOINTS DE GRAINS DANS LES OXYDES CERAMIQUES written by MARIE HELENE.. BERGER-PINET and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LA COMPREHENSION DU COMPORTEMENT ELECTRIQUE DES JOINTS DE GRAINS DANS LES OXYDES CERAMIQUES EST ESSENTIELLE POUR L'OPTIMISATION DE CES MATERIAUX. UN PROTOCOLE ORIGINAL DE CARACTERISATION CRISTALLOCHIMIQUE ET ELECTRIQUE DES JOINTS A ETE DEVELOPPE ET APPLIQUE SUR PLUSIEURS TYPES DE CERAMIQUES QUI ONT REVELE LA DIVERSITE DE LEURS JOINTS. DANS LE CAS DU TITANATE DE STRONTIUM, LE BISMUTH DIFFUSE A TRAVERS LES JOINTS GENERAUX EN EVITANT LES JOINTS DE COINCIDENCE ELEVEE PLUS DENSES ET PAUVRES EN TITANE. L'ETUDE DES FERRITES DE MNZN A CONFIRME LA PRESENCE DE CALCIUM AU JOINT ET A PRECISE QUE LA SEGREGATION S'OPERE PRINCIPALEMENT SUR LES JOINTS GENERAUX. NOUS AVONS APPORTE UNE PREUVE EXPERIMENTALE DE LA DIMINUTION DU RAPPORT FE#2#+/FE#3#+ AU JOINT, LIE A LA SEGREGATION DE CALCIUM. LES JOINTS SPECIAUX SE CARACTERISENT PAR DES BARRIERES ELECTRIQUES FAIBLES TANDIS QUE LES JOINTS GENERAUX CORRESPONDENT A DES BARRIERES ELEVEES. LES CONCEPTS DE PERCOLATION NOUS ONT REVELE QU'IL EST NECESSAIRE D'OBTENIR UN TAUX DE JOINTS SPECIAUX INFERIEUR A 12% POUR EVITER NON SEULEMENT LA FORMATION D'UN FILET CONTINU DE JOINTS BON CONDUCTEURS A TRAVERS L'ECHANTILLON, MAIS AUSSI LA CREATION D'AMAS FAVORABLES A LA CIRCULATION DES COURANTS DE FOUCAULT. DE MEME, DANS LES SUPRACONDUCTEURS, LES JOINTS GENERAUX CONSTITUENT DES BARRIERES RESISTIVES; SEULS CERTAINS JOINTS SPECIAUX SERONT FAVORABLES AU PASSAGE DU SUPERCOURANT. L'OPTIMISATION DES PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES D'UNE CERAMIQUE PASSE PAR UNE CARACTERISATION CRISTALLOCHIMIQUE ET ELECTRIQUE DES DIFFERENTS TYPES DE JOINTS PUIS PAR UN CONTROLE DE LEUR DISTRIBUTION GRACE AU TAUX D'IMPURETES ET AUX CONDITIONS D'ELABORATION
Book Synopsis PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES DU JOINT DE GRAINS DE LA CERAMIQUE A BASE D'OXYDE DE ZINC by : Ming Tao
Download or read book PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES DU JOINT DE GRAINS DE LA CERAMIQUE A BASE D'OXYDE DE ZINC written by Ming Tao and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A L'AIDE D'UNE METHODE ORIGINALE DE MICROSOUDURE PAR ULTRA-SONS, NOUS PLACONS UN FIL-ELECTRODE DE PART ET D'AUTRE D'UN JOINT DE GRAINS, PERMETTANT AINSI D'EFFECTUER TOUTES LES ETUDES EXPERIMENTALES DE CE DERNIER. EN SE BASANT SUR LES DIFFERENTES CARACTERISTIQUES I(V) MESUREES DE PLUSIEURS JOINTS, NOUS PROPOSONS 3 MODELES DE SIMULATION RELATIFS A LA CARACTERISTIQUE I(V) GLOBALE D'UNE VARISTANCE. LES CALCULS METTENT EN EVIDENCE L'INFLUENCE DU POURCENTAGE OPTIMAL DE "BONS JOINTS" SUR LES PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES (COEFFICIENT DE NON-LINEARITE, COURANT DE FUITE, TENSION DE SEUIL, REGIME DE SATURATION) DES VARISTANCES ZNO A BASSE TENSION DE SEUIL. REALISATION ET CARACTERISATION DE VARISTANCES A GROS GRAINS (100 UM-200 UM) A PARTIR D'UNE TECHNIQUE DE GRAINS GERMES
Book Synopsis Céramiques conductrices oxydes à base de bismuth, terre rare et vanadium by : Mourad Benkaddour
Download or read book Céramiques conductrices oxydes à base de bismuth, terre rare et vanadium written by Mourad Benkaddour and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Les conducteurs par ions oxydes a base de bismuth, terre rare et vanadium presentent des domaines significatifs de trempe a l'air d'une solution solide de type fluorine derivant de la variete bi 2o 3 . Parmi ceux-ci, l'oxyde mixte bi 0 , 8 5pr 0 , 1 0 5v 0 , 0 4 5o 1 , 5 4 5 presente une interessante combinaison stabilite - conductivite electrique ( = 0,2 - 1cm - 1 a 700\c). Des ameliorations ont ete realisees au niveau de la preparation des ceramiques par utilisation d'une methode de broyage par attrition. Cette derniere a permis d'obtenir une poudre homogene et fine avec des tailles de particules de l'ordre de 0,5m. L'etude du frittage des echantillons, elabores a partir de cette poudre a revele un domaine de densification tres important entre 600 et 780\c, puis une croissance des grains au dela de 780\c. Le traitement thermique des echantillons a 900\c a permis d'obtenir des compacites elevees (> 95%). La spectroscopie d'impedance a montre que les diagrammes obtenus a 200\c, sont caracterises par un seul demi cercle, avec aucune separation distincte des reponses des grains, des joints de grains et des pores n'est observee. La croissance de la taille des grains a peu d'influence sur les spectres d'impedance, ce qui permet de dire que les joints de grains s'averent non bloquants vis a vis de la conductivite dans ce cas. Les resultats des affinements structuraux sur poudre par la methode de rietveld, effectues sur la base du modele de willis ont ete discutes et correles aux evolutions de la stabilite et des proprietes conductrices des materiaux.
Book Synopsis L'oxydation de céramiques à base de titanate de strontium semi-conducteur et la formation de barrières de potentiel aux joints de grains by : Frédéric Poignant
Download or read book L'oxydation de céramiques à base de titanate de strontium semi-conducteur et la formation de barrières de potentiel aux joints de grains written by Frédéric Poignant and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CE TRAVAIL CONCERNE PRINCIPALEMENT L'OXYDATION DE CERAMIQUES A BASE DE SRTIO#3 DOPE PAR LE NIOBIUM. UN LEGER EXCES DE TIO#2 FAVORISE LE FRITTAGE EN PRESENCE D'UNE PHASE LIQUIDE. CE TRAITEMENT EST REALISE SOUS ATMOSPHERE REDUCTRICE. LE MATERIAU EST SEMI-CONDUCTEUR, LES ELECTRONS DE CONDUCTION ETANT FOURNIS PAR LE DOPAGE ET L'IONISATION DES LACUNES D'OXYGENE. LES ECHANTILLONS PEUVENT ETRE RECUITS EN ATMOSPHERE OXYDANTE ENTRE 1000C ET 1250C. LES V#O DISPARAISSENT PAR REACTION EN SURFACE AVEC L'ATMOSPHERE ENVIRONNANTE SELON UNE CINETIQUE CARACTERISEE PAR THERMOGRAVIMETRIE. LEUR ELIMINATION S'EFFECTUE PAR UN PROCESSUS DE DIFFUSION THERMIQUEMENT ACTIVE AVEC UNE ENERGIE 3.0 0.1 EV, VALEUR DIFFERENTE DE CELLE OBSERVEE POUR L'OXYDATION DE MONOCRISTAUX (1 EV). CETTE DIFFERENCE S'EXPLIQUE PAR L'ENRICHISSEMENT EN V#S#R DE LA SURFACE DES GRAINS AU COURS DU FRITTAGE. L'EVOLUTION DE LA RESISTIVITE DES ECHANTILLONS PENDANT LE TRAITEMENT D'OXYDATION MONTRE QUE LA DISPARITION DES V#O S'ACCOMPAGNE DE LA FORMATION DE BARRIERES DE POTENTIEL AUX JOINTS DE GRAINS. LEUR STRUCTURE, COMPLEXE, EST CONSTITUEE D'UNE DOUBLE BARRIERE DE SCHOTTKY ASSOCIEE EN SERIE AVEC UNE JONCTION I-N QUI SE DEVELOPPE A L'INTERFACE ENTRE LA REGION SUPERFICIELLE COMPENSEE (NB#? 2V#/#/#S#R) ET LE GRAIN SEMI-CONDUCTEUR. L'ETUDE DES PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUE A TEMPERATURE AMBIANTE PERMET ENCORE D'ESTIMER LE COEFFICIENT DE DIFFUSION DES V#S#R. LE CARACTERE ISOLANT DES JOINTS DE GRAINS A EGALEMENT ETE OBTENU PAR INFILTRATION D'UN MELANGE FUSIBLE DE BI#2O#3 ET PBO. LES CERAMIQUES IMPREGNEES ONT ETE SOIGNEUSEMENT EXAMINEES EN MEB ET EN MET. LES EVOLUTIONS DE LEUR RESISTIVITE PENDANT L'INFILTRATION ONT ETE ANALYSEES ET COMPAREES A CELLES OBSERVEES POUR LES ECHANTILLONS OXYDES. L'INFLUENCE DE L'HETEROGENEITE MICROSTRUCTURALE DES CERAMIQUES SUR LES PROPRIETES ELECTRIQUES ET LA REPONSE DYNAMIQUE DES JOINTS DE GRAINS EST EXPLICITEE. CINQ NIVEAUX DE VOLUME PROFONDS, LOCALISES DANS LA BANDE INTERDITE DU SEMI-CONDUCTEUR, SONT DETECTES ET CARACTERISES PAR SPECTROSCOPIE D'ADMITTANCE
Book Synopsis CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DU JOINT DE GRAINS DANS LES CERAMIQUES ELECTRIQUES by : Olivier Dorlanne
Download or read book CONTRIBUTION A L'ETUDE DU JOINT DE GRAINS DANS LES CERAMIQUES ELECTRIQUES written by Olivier Dorlanne and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DANS UN PREMIER TEMPS NOUS RAPPELONS L'ETAT DE L'ART DES VARISTANCES A BASE D'OXYDE DE ZINC. NOUS EVOQUONS LES DIFFERENTS PROCEDES DE FABRICATION DE CES CERAMIQUES POLYCRISTALLINES, LEURS DOMAINES D'APPLICATION D'AUJOURD'HUI COMME CEUX DE DEMAIN ET LEURS CARACTERISTIQUES TANT PHYSICO-CHIMIQUES QU'ELECTRIQUES. DANS LE CADRE DE CE DERNIER POINT, NOUS EXAMINONS PLUS PARTICULIEREMENT, D'UNE PART, LE COMPORTEMENT DE CES COMPOSANTS LORSQU'ILS SONT SOUMIS A UNE PRESSION HYDROSTATIQUE ET, D'AUTRE PART, LA LUMIERE EMISE PAR LES ECHANTILLONS SOUS TENSION. ENSUITE, GRACE A UNE IMPORTANTE AUGMENTATION DE LA TAILLE DES GRAINS, NOUS ETUDIONS EXPERIMENTALEMENT PLUSIEURS JOINTS DE GRAINS, CHACUN PRIS ISOLEMENT, ANALYSONS STATISTIQUEMENT LES RESULTATS ET PRESENTONS UN MATERIAU, A L'ETAT DE PROTOTYPE, CARACTERISE PAR UNE EPAISSEUR MANIPULABLE ET UNE FAIBLE TENSION DE SEUIL. LA TROISIEME PARTIE EST CONSACREE AUX MECANISMES DE TRANSPORT A TRAVERS LE JOINT DE GRAINS. APRES UNE REVUE BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE, NOUS PROPOSONS UN MODELE DE CONDUCTION POUR UNE STRUCTURE INTERGRANULAIRE LORSQUE CELLE-CI EST SOUMISE A UNE TENSION CONTINUE NON-DESTRUCTIVE
Book Synopsis Recherche des paramètres physico-chimiques qui déterminent les propriétés mécaniques des céramiques de ferrite doux by : Dominique Guinot
Download or read book Recherche des paramètres physico-chimiques qui déterminent les propriétés mécaniques des céramiques de ferrite doux written by Dominique Guinot and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le spinelle mixte Mn#xZn#1##xFe#2O#4 est le constituant principal des céramiques de ferrite doux. Ses propriétés sont en grande partie liées à sa non-stœchiométrie en oxygène. Il est préparé à partir du mélange des oxydes Fe#2O#3, ZnO et Mn#3O#4. Les frittés sont élaborés selon la suite des opérations généralement mises en œuvre pour la fabrication des céramiques. Comme pour toute céramique les propriétés mécaniques des frittés de ferrite doux sont déterminées par les caractéristiques de leur microstructure (taille des grains, taux de porosité, propriétés des joints de grains). Parmi les différents paramètres physico-chimiques susceptibles de faire varier la microstructure, cinq ont fait l'objet d'une étude systématique. L'examen statistique de la résistance mécanique de barreaux tests et l'analyse des caractéristiques physiques et chimiques du ferrite aux différentes étapes de son élaboration ont permis de montrer que: la forte agglomération des grains de Fe#2O#3 précurseur; la sous-stœchiométrie en oxygène du spinelle préparé par cuisson à 1100#oC du mélange des oxydes (chamotte); l'activation excessive de la réaction au frittage de la chamotte par le broyage de celle-ci; la diffusion dans la céramique d'éléments étrangers venant du support de frittage, favorisent la croissance des grains de la céramique lors du frittage. La contrainte de rupture (#r) des pièces est affaiblie. Par contre, les transformations redox que subit le matériau lors du refroidissement après frittage affectent la chimie des joints de grain. Ainsi, l'oxydation du fritte favorise l'arborescence des fissures (ruptures intergranulaires) et accroit la contrainte #r.
Book Synopsis X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications by : Jean Daillant
Download or read book X-Ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications written by Jean Daillant and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-01 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reflection of and neutrons from surfaces has existed as an x-rays exp- imental for almost it is in the last technique fifty Nevertheless, only years. decade that these methods have become as of enormously popular probes This the surfaces and interfaces. to be due to of several appears convergence of intense different circumstances. These include the more n- availability be measured orders tron and sources that can over (so reflectivity x-ray many of and the much weaker surface diffuse can now also be magnitude scattering of thin films and studied in some the detail); growing importance multil- basic the realization of the ers in both and technology research; important which in the of surfaces and and role roughness plays properties interfaces; the of statistical models to characterize the of finally development topology its and its characterization from on roughness, dependence growth processes The of and to surface scattering experiments. ability x-rays neutro4s study four five orders of in scale of surfaces over to magnitude length regardless their and also their to ability probe environment, temperature, pressure, etc. , makes these the choice for buried interfaces often probes preferred obtaining information about the microstructure of often in statistical a global surfaces, the local This is manner to complementary imaging microscopy techniques, of such studies in the literature witnessed the veritable by explosion published the last few Thus these lectures will useful for over a resource years.
Book Synopsis Electricity from MHD, 1968: Open-cycle MHD (Sections 3-f to 3-h) by :
Download or read book Electricity from MHD, 1968: Open-cycle MHD (Sections 3-f to 3-h) written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals by : Agnes Buka
Download or read book Flexoelectricity in Liquid Crystals written by Agnes Buka and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book intends to give a state-of-the-art overview of flexoelectricity, a linear physical coupling between mechanical (orientational) deformations and electric polarization, which is specific to systems with orientational order, such as liquid crystals. Chapters written by experts in the field shed light on theoretical as well as experimental aspects of research carried out since the discovery of flexoelectricity. Besides a common macroscopic (continuum) description the microscopic theory of flexoelectricity is also addressed. Electro-optic effects due to or modified by flexoelectricity as well as various (direct and indirect) measurement methods are discussed. Special emphasis is given to the role of flexoelectricity in pattern-forming instabilities. While the main focus of the book lies in flexoelectricity in nematic liquid crystals, peculiarities of other mesophases (bent-core systems, cholesterics, and smectics) are also reviewed. Flexoelectricity has relevance to biological (living) systems and can also offer possibilities for technical applications. The basics of these two interdisciplinary fields are also summarized.
Book Synopsis Philostratus by : Philostratus (the Athenian)
Download or read book Philostratus written by Philostratus (the Athenian) and published by . This book was released on 1912 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Diffusion in Materials - DIMAT 2011 by : Igor Bezverkhyy
Download or read book Diffusion in Materials - DIMAT 2011 written by Igor Bezverkhyy and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2012-04-12 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Diffusion in Materials (DIMAT) is the benchmark conference series for diffusion in solids. DIMAT 2011 was organized by the University of Bourgogne in association with CNRS, Dijon (France). The conference showcased new results concerning theoretical tools as well as applied research approaches. Diffusion processes affect all types of materials: nanomaterials, materials for energy, metallurgy, glasses and ceramics, but each requires its own numerical tools. Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS). This volume comprises most of the contributions presented at DIMAT 2011: 4 plenary lectures delivered by famous high-level scientists plus 88 contributions in the form of keynote lectures, talks and posters.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Materials by : Jerome V. Moloney
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Materials written by Jerome V. Moloney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998-08-13 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical methods play a significant role in the rapidly growing field of nonlinear optical materials. This volume discusses a number of successful or promising contributions. The overall theme of this volume is twofold: (1) the challenges faced in computing and optimizing nonlinear optical material properties; and (2) the exploitation of these properties in important areas of application. These include the design of optical amplifiers and lasers, as well as novel optical switches. Research topics in this volume include how to exploit the magnetooptic effect, how to work with the nonlinear optical response of materials, how to predict laser-induced breakdown in efficient optical devices, and how to handle electron cloud distortion in femtosecond processes.
Book Synopsis Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials by : David Adler
Download or read book Physical Properties of Amorphous Materials written by David Adler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute for Amorphous Studies was founded in 1982 as the international center for the investigation of amorphous mate rials. It has since played an important role in promoting the und er standing of disordered matter in general. An Institute lecture series on "Fundamentals of Amorphous Materials and Devices" was held during 1982-83 with distinguished speakers from universities and industry. These events were free and open to the public ,and were attended by many representatives of the scientific community. The lectures themselves were highly successful inasmuch as they provided not only formal instruction but also an opportunity for vigorous and stimulating debate. That last element could not be captured within the pages of a book I but the lectures concentrated on the latest advances in the field I which is why their essential contents are he re reproduced in collective form. Together they constitute an interdisciplinary status report of the field. The speakers brought many different viewpoints and a variety of back ground experiences io bear on the problems involved I but though language and conventions vary I the essential unity of the concerns is very clear I as indeed are the ultimate benefits of the many-sided approach.
Book Synopsis Analecta: Or, Materials For a History of Remarkable Providences; Mostly Relating to Scotch Ministers and Christians by : Robert Wodrow
Download or read book Analecta: Or, Materials For a History of Remarkable Providences; Mostly Relating to Scotch Ministers and Christians written by Robert Wodrow and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2024-05-25 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reprint of the original, first published in 1842.
Download or read book Food Fray written by Lisa H. WEASEL Ph.D. and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2008-12-10 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than ten years ago, the first genetically modified foods took their place on the shelves of American supermarkets. But while American consumers remained blissfully unconcerned with the new products that suddenly filled their kitchens, Europeans were much more wary of these “Frankenfoods.” When famine struck Africa in 2002, several nations refused shipments of genetically modified foods, fueling a controversy that put the issue on the world's political agenda for good. In Food Fray, esteemed molecular biologist Dr. Lisa H. Weasel brings readers into the center of this debate, capturing the real-life experiences of the scientists, farmers, policymakers and grassroots activists on the front lines. Here she combines solid scientific knowledge and a gripping narrative to tell the real story behind the headlines and the hype. Seminal and cutting-edge, Food Fray enlightens and informs and will allow readers to make up their own minds about one of the most important issues facing us today.
Book Synopsis Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences by : Jef Caers
Download or read book Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences written by Jef Caers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences highlights the various issues, techniques and practical modeling tools available for modeling the uncertainty of complex Earth systems and the impact that it has on practical situations. The aim of the book is to provide an introductory overview which covers a broad range of tried-and-tested tools. Descriptions of concepts, philosophies, challenges, methodologies and workflows give the reader an understanding of the best way to make decisions under uncertainty for Earth Science problems. The book covers key issues such as: Spatial and time aspect; large complexity and dimensionality; computation power; costs of 'engineering' the Earth; uncertainty in the modeling and decision process. Focusing on reliable and practical methods this book provides an invaluable primer for the complex area of decision making with uncertainty in the Earth Sciences.
Book Synopsis Clean Energy Nation by : Gerald McNerney
Download or read book Clean Energy Nation written by Gerald McNerney and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2012 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans are already feeling the pressures of the current energy situation, and many of us are ready to make a change. Clean Energy Nation is a timely and hopeful look at an issue we can't afford to ignore. --Book Jacket.
