On The Nature And Distribution Of Solar Radiation

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An Introduction To Solar Radiation

Author : Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323151817
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction To Solar Radiation by : Muhammad Iqbal

Download or read book An Introduction To Solar Radiation written by Muhammad Iqbal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.

Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface

Author : Viorel Badescu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540774556
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface by : Viorel Badescu

Download or read book Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface written by Viorel Badescu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar radiation data is important for a wide range of applications, e.g. in engineering, agriculture, health sector, and in many fields of the natural sciences. A few examples showing the diversity of applications may include: architecture and building design, e.g. air conditioning and cooling systems; solar heating system design and use; solar power generation; evaporation and irrigation; calculation of water requirements for crops; monitoring plant growth and disease control; skin cancer research.

The radiation regime and architecture of plant stands

Author : J. Ross
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400986475
Total Pages : 411 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The radiation regime and architecture of plant stands by : J. Ross

Download or read book The radiation regime and architecture of plant stands written by J. Ross and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The solar radiant energy is in fact the only source of energy for the basic physical processes taking place in the atmosphere and on the earth's surface. When passing through the atmosphere and being reflected by the ground surface, solar radiation undergoes changes and conversions. Some of it is absorbed in the atmosphere and converted into other forms of energy, mainly into heat, and some is scattered by gases, by dust and by water vapour. Because of absorption and scattering in the atmosphere, solar radiation is changed by the time it reaches the earth's surface. That part of it which arrives as a beam of parallel rays is referred to as direct solar radiation, and that which is scattered in the atmosphere and reaches the earth's surface from all directions of the sky is called diffuse solar radiation. Both of them are reflected back into the atmosphere when they reach the earth's surface, and this third type of radiation is defined as reflected radiation. All of these radiations differ from solar radiation arriving at the upper level of the atmosphere in intensity as well as in spectral composition although they all fall within the spectral region of solar radiation. In atmospheric physics these types of radiation are known as short-wave radiation (SWR) as distinguished from long-wave or irifrared radiation (L WR) emitted by the atmosphere and the earth's surface.

Solar Resources

Author : Roland Hulstrom
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262081849
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (818 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Resources by : Roland Hulstrom

Download or read book Solar Resources written by Roland Hulstrom and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar Resources takes stock of the resource - sunlight - on which any plan for solar heat conversion technologies must be based. It describes the evolution of theoretical models, algorithms, and equipment for measuring, analyzing, and predicting the quantity and composition of solar radiation, and it reviews and directs readers to insolation databases and other references that have been compiled since 1975. Following an overview of solar energy research by the editor, Raymond J. Bahm presents a comprehensive guide to available insolation databases and other information resources in the United States. Charles M. Randall and Richard Bird discuss the theoretical models and algorithms used to characterize the transference of solar radiation through the earth's atmosphere. Their chapter also addresses the important question of the accuracy of the data sets produced by the various modeling methods and algorithms. The National Weather Service (NWS) monitoring network and other major monitoring networks in the United States are discussed by Kirby Hanson and Thomas Stoffel. And Eugene Zerlaut covers the instrumentation used to measure total solar irradiance and spectral solar irradiance; he describes types of equipment, their manufacturers, procedures for calibration, and the accuracy of the data produced. Richard Bird and Carol Riordan explain the nature of spectral solar irradiance at the earth's surface, and John Jensenius describes the NWS Operational Solar Insolation Forecast System, which predicts the daily total global-horizontal insolation for two days. In the concluding chapter, Claude Robbins summarizes daylighting models and resources, and details methods for converting insolation date to illuminance data. Solar Resources is volume 2 in the series Solar Heat Technologies: Fundamentals and Applications, edited by Charles A. Bankston

Solar Energy

Author : Christoph Richter
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781461458050
Total Pages : 744 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (58 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Energy by : Christoph Richter

Download or read book Solar Energy written by Christoph Richter and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gathering some 30 entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book presents fundamental principles and technologies for sustainably harnessing solar energy. Covers photovoltaics, solar thermal energy, solar radiation and more.

Solar Energy Update

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Energy Update by :

Download or read book Solar Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-06 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Enhancing Future Skills and Entrepreneurship

Author : Kuldip Singh Sangwan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030442489
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Enhancing Future Skills and Entrepreneurship by : Kuldip Singh Sangwan

Download or read book Enhancing Future Skills and Entrepreneurship written by Kuldip Singh Sangwan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book presents the proceedings of the 3rd Indo-German Conference on Sustainability in Engineering held at Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, India, on September 16–17, 2019. Intended to foster the synergies between research and education, the conference is one of the joint activities of the BITS Pilani and TU Braunschweig conducted under the auspices of Indo-German Center for Sustainable Manufacturing, established in 2009. The book is divided into three sections: engineering, education and entrepreneurship, covering a range of topics, such as renewable energy forecasting, design & simulation, Industry 4.0, and soft & intelligent sensors for energy efficiency. It also includes case studies on lean and green manufacturing, and life cycle analysis of ceramic products, as well as papers on teaching/learning methods based on the use of learning factories to improve students’problem-solving and personal skills. Moreover, the book discusses high-tech ideas to help the large number of unemployed engineering graduates looking for jobs become tech entrepreneurs. Given its broad scope, it will appeal to academics and industry professionals alike.

Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements

Author : Frank Vignola
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439851905
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements by : Frank Vignola

Download or read book Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements written by Frank Vignola and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurement has become more and more important in the face of growing demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data that are more accurate and have increased temporal and spatial resolution. Updating decades of acquired knowledge in the field, Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements details the strengths and weaknesses of instruments used to conduct such solar and infrared radiation measurements. Topics covered include: Radiometer design and performance Equipment calibration, installation, operation, and maintenance Data quality assessment Methods to use measured data to estimate irradiance for any surface With a broad range of content that will benefit students and more experienced readers alike, this resource serves as a primer and technical reference that presents the basic terminology and fundamentals for resource assessment. It explores the history of solar radiation instruments and addresses direct normal, global, diffuse, and tilted measurements, as well as the characteristics of instruments used for these measurements. The authors consider methods of assessing the uncertainty of solar measurements and then cover albedo, infrared, net, and spectral irradiance measurements and instrumentation. The book devotes a section to other meteorological instruments, and another to the basics for installing and operating a solar monitoring station. Appendices include information on solar resource assessment modeling and satellite-derived irradiance, along with other useful material. This book’s authors are experts who each have more than 30 years of experience developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects.

The Sun's Influence on Climate

Author : Joanna D. Haigh
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400866545
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Sun's Influence on Climate by : Joanna D. Haigh

Download or read book The Sun's Influence on Climate written by Joanna D. Haigh and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Earth's climate system depends entirely on the Sun for its energy. Solar radiation warms the atmosphere and is fundamental to atmospheric composition, while the distribution of solar heating across the planet produces global wind patterns and contributes to the formation of clouds, storms, and rainfall. The Sun’s Influence on Climate provides an unparalleled introduction to this vitally important relationship. This accessible primer covers the basic properties of the Earth’s climate system, the structure and behavior of the Sun, and the absorption of solar radiation in the atmosphere. It explains how solar activity varies and how these variations affect the Earth’s environment, from long-term paleoclimate effects to century timescales in the context of human-induced climate change, and from signals of the 11-year sunspot cycle to the impacts of solar emissions on space weather in our planet’s upper atmosphere. Written by two of the leading authorities on the subject, The Sun’s Influence on Climate is an essential primer for students and nonspecialists alike.

Inventory of Advanced Energy Technologies and Energy Conservation Research and Development, 1976-1978

Author : Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 872 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Inventory of Advanced Energy Technologies and Energy Conservation Research and Development, 1976-1978 by : Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Download or read book Inventory of Advanced Energy Technologies and Energy Conservation Research and Development, 1976-1978 written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Solar Radiation

Author : Daryl Ronald Myers
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466503270
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Radiation by : Daryl Ronald Myers

Download or read book Solar Radiation written by Daryl Ronald Myers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a leading scientist with over 35 years of experience working at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Solar Radiation: Practical Modeling for Renewable Energy Applications brings together the most widely used, easily implemented concepts and models for estimating broadband and spectral solar radiation data. The author addresses various technical and practical questions about the accuracy of solar radiation measurements and modeling. While the focus is on engineering models and results, the book does review the fundamentals of solar radiation modeling and solar radiation measurements. It also examines the accuracy of solar radiation modeling and measurements. The majority of the book describes the most popular simple models for estimating broadband and spectral solar resources available to flat plate, concentrating, photovoltaic, solar thermal, and daylighting engineering designs. Sufficient detail is provided for readers to implement the models in assorted development environments. Covering the nuts and bolts of practical solar radiation modeling applications, this book helps readers translate solar radiation data into viable, real-world renewable energy applications. It answers many how-to questions relating to solar energy conversion systems, solar daylighting, energy efficiency of buildings, and other solar radiation applications.

The European Solar Radiation Atlas

Author : K. Scharmer
Publisher : Presses des MINES
ISBN 13 : 2911762215
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis The European Solar Radiation Atlas by : K. Scharmer

Download or read book The European Solar Radiation Atlas written by K. Scharmer and published by Presses des MINES. This book was released on 2000 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

An Introduction to Environmental Biophysics

Author : Gaylon S. Campbell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461216265
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Environmental Biophysics by : Gaylon S. Campbell

Download or read book An Introduction to Environmental Biophysics written by Gaylon S. Campbell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From reviews of the first edition: "well organized . . . Recommended as an introductory text for undergraduates" -- AAAS Science Books and Films "well written and illustrated" -- Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society

Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications

Author : M. Sengupta
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications by : M. Sengupta

Download or read book Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications written by M. Sengupta and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition

Author :
Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481645811
Total Pages : 485 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Chemoecology. The editors have built Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Chemoecology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Ecological Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements

Author : Frank Vignola
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 135183326X
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements by : Frank Vignola

Download or read book Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements written by Frank Vignola and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurement has become more and more important in the face of growing demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data that are more accurate and have increased temporal and spatial resolution. Updating decades of acquired knowledge in the field, Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements details the strengths and weaknesses of instruments used to conduct such solar and infrared radiation measurements. Topics covered include: Radiometer design and performance Equipment calibration, installation, operation, and maintenance Data quality assessment Methods to use measured data to estimate irradiance for any surface With a broad range of content that will benefit students and more experienced readers alike, this resource serves as a primer and technical reference that presents the basic terminology and fundamentals for resource assessment. It explores the history of solar radiation instruments and addresses direct normal, global, diffuse, and tilted measurements, as well as the characteristics of instruments used for these measurements. The authors consider methods of assessing the uncertainty of solar measurements and then cover albedo, infrared, net, and spectral irradiance measurements and instrumentation. The book devotes a section to other meteorological instruments, and another to the basics for installing and operating a solar monitoring station. Appendices include information on solar resource assessment modeling and satellite-derived irradiance, along with other useful material. This book’s authors are experts who each have more than 30 years of experience developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects.

Fundamentals of Solar Radiation

Author : Lucien Wald
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000380238
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Solar Radiation by : Lucien Wald

Download or read book Fundamentals of Solar Radiation written by Lucien Wald and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-12 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sun radiates a tremendous amount of energy, called solar energy or solar radiation, which is the main natural source of energy on the Earth, by far. Because solar radiation is the almost unique supplier of energy to the Earth, it has a primary influence on life and activities on the Earth. The climate is a first example, but there are many others, such as plant growth or human health, or even the design of buildings, the production of energy, notably electrical and thermal, or even aging materials. This book aims to provide simple answers to anyone who has questions about solar radiation. Its ambition is to help by presenting the fundamental elements of the solar radiation received on the ground. The book includes many examples and numerous illustrations, as well as some simple but fairly precise equations to calculate the various elements covered and to reproduce the figures and graphs. The first of the three parts of this book is devoted to the relative geometry between the direction of the sun and an observer on the ground as well as to the solar radiation emitted by the sun and received at the top of the atmosphere. The orbit of the Earth around the sun and the solar declination are described. The concept of time is introduced which is closely linked to the solar cycle and the rotation of the Earth on itself. Equations are given to calculate the solar radiation received on a horizontal or inclined surface located at the top of the atmosphere. The spectral distribution of the extraterrestrial solar radiation is described. The second part of this book addresses how the solar radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere is attenuated and modified in its downward path to the ground. The reflection of the radiation by the ground is presented. The solar radiation received on the ground by a horizontal or inclined collector plane, such as a natural slope or a rooftop, is discussed, as well as its spectral distribution. The variability of the radiation is addressed in relation to the properties of solar radiation estimated from the measurements. The third part deals with direct or indirect measurements of the solar radiation received on the ground over a given integration time (minute, hour, day, or month), whether for total radiation or radiation in a spectral range such as ultraviolet (UV), or daylight, or photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). It also explains how to check the plausibility of the measurements. Fundamentals of Solar Radiation will be a valuable resource to all professionals, engineers, researchers, students, and other practitioners that seek an understanding of solar radiation.