Solar Radiation

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An Introduction To Solar Radiation

Author : Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323151817
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (231 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction To Solar Radiation by : Muhammad Iqbal

Download or read book An Introduction To Solar Radiation written by Muhammad Iqbal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.

Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface

Author : Viorel Badescu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540774556
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface by : Viorel Badescu

Download or read book Modeling Solar Radiation at the Earth's Surface written by Viorel Badescu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-01 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar radiation data is important for a wide range of applications, e.g. in engineering, agriculture, health sector, and in many fields of the natural sciences. A few examples showing the diversity of applications may include: architecture and building design, e.g. air conditioning and cooling systems; solar heating system design and use; solar power generation; evaporation and irrigation; calculation of water requirements for crops; monitoring plant growth and disease control; skin cancer research.

Fundamentals of Solar Radiation

Author : Lucien Wald
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000380238
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Solar Radiation by : Lucien Wald

Download or read book Fundamentals of Solar Radiation written by Lucien Wald and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-12 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sun radiates a tremendous amount of energy, called solar energy or solar radiation, which is the main natural source of energy on the Earth, by far. Because solar radiation is the almost unique supplier of energy to the Earth, it has a primary influence on life and activities on the Earth. The climate is a first example, but there are many others, such as plant growth or human health, or even the design of buildings, the production of energy, notably electrical and thermal, or even aging materials. This book aims to provide simple answers to anyone who has questions about solar radiation. Its ambition is to help by presenting the fundamental elements of the solar radiation received on the ground. The book includes many examples and numerous illustrations, as well as some simple but fairly precise equations to calculate the various elements covered and to reproduce the figures and graphs. The first of the three parts of this book is devoted to the relative geometry between the direction of the sun and an observer on the ground as well as to the solar radiation emitted by the sun and received at the top of the atmosphere. The orbit of the Earth around the sun and the solar declination are described. The concept of time is introduced which is closely linked to the solar cycle and the rotation of the Earth on itself. Equations are given to calculate the solar radiation received on a horizontal or inclined surface located at the top of the atmosphere. The spectral distribution of the extraterrestrial solar radiation is described. The second part of this book addresses how the solar radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere is attenuated and modified in its downward path to the ground. The reflection of the radiation by the ground is presented. The solar radiation received on the ground by a horizontal or inclined collector plane, such as a natural slope or a rooftop, is discussed, as well as its spectral distribution. The variability of the radiation is addressed in relation to the properties of solar radiation estimated from the measurements. The third part deals with direct or indirect measurements of the solar radiation received on the ground over a given integration time (minute, hour, day, or month), whether for total radiation or radiation in a spectral range such as ultraviolet (UV), or daylight, or photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). It also explains how to check the plausibility of the measurements. Fundamentals of Solar Radiation will be a valuable resource to all professionals, engineers, researchers, students, and other practitioners that seek an understanding of solar radiation.

Solar Radiation

Author : Daryl Ronald Myers
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466503270
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Radiation by : Daryl Ronald Myers

Download or read book Solar Radiation written by Daryl Ronald Myers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a leading scientist with over 35 years of experience working at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Solar Radiation: Practical Modeling for Renewable Energy Applications brings together the most widely used, easily implemented concepts and models for estimating broadband and spectral solar radiation data. The author addresses various technical and practical questions about the accuracy of solar radiation measurements and modeling. While the focus is on engineering models and results, the book does review the fundamentals of solar radiation modeling and solar radiation measurements. It also examines the accuracy of solar radiation modeling and measurements. The majority of the book describes the most popular simple models for estimating broadband and spectral solar resources available to flat plate, concentrating, photovoltaic, solar thermal, and daylighting engineering designs. Sufficient detail is provided for readers to implement the models in assorted development environments. Covering the nuts and bolts of practical solar radiation modeling applications, this book helps readers translate solar radiation data into viable, real-world renewable energy applications. It answers many how-to questions relating to solar energy conversion systems, solar daylighting, energy efficiency of buildings, and other solar radiation applications.

Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements

Author : Frank Vignola
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439851905
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements by : Frank Vignola

Download or read book Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements written by Frank Vignola and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurement has become more and more important in the face of growing demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data that are more accurate and have increased temporal and spatial resolution. Updating decades of acquired knowledge in the field, Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements details the strengths and weaknesses of instruments used to conduct such solar and infrared radiation measurements. Topics covered include: Radiometer design and performance Equipment calibration, installation, operation, and maintenance Data quality assessment Methods to use measured data to estimate irradiance for any surface With a broad range of content that will benefit students and more experienced readers alike, this resource serves as a primer and technical reference that presents the basic terminology and fundamentals for resource assessment. It explores the history of solar radiation instruments and addresses direct normal, global, diffuse, and tilted measurements, as well as the characteristics of instruments used for these measurements. The authors consider methods of assessing the uncertainty of solar measurements and then cover albedo, infrared, net, and spectral irradiance measurements and instrumentation. The book devotes a section to other meteorological instruments, and another to the basics for installing and operating a solar monitoring station. Appendices include information on solar resource assessment modeling and satellite-derived irradiance, along with other useful material. This book’s authors are experts who each have more than 30 years of experience developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects.

Solar Radiation and Daylight Models

Author : Tariq Muneer
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136365958
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Radiation and Daylight Models by : Tariq Muneer

Download or read book Solar Radiation and Daylight Models written by Tariq Muneer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-03-30 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cost of operating a building far exceeds the cost of constructing it, and yet until recently little attention was paid to the impact of solar radiation on the costs of heating, cooling and ventilation. And now that there has been a surge in interest in energy efficiency and solar design, architects and designers need a practical guide to the modelling and application of solar energy data. There are many different models and techniques available for calculating the distribution of solar radiation on and in buildings, and these algorithms vary considerably in scope, accuracy and complexity. This book demonstrates which of these predictive tools gives the best results in different circumstances, including explaining which models can be best used in different parts of the world. The author has had over twenty-five years of experience of dealing with solar energy data from four continents and has used that experience in this book to show the development not just of knowledge but also the growing sophistication of the models available to apply it.

Engineering the Climate

Author : Christopher J. Preston
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0739175416
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (391 download)

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Book Synopsis Engineering the Climate by : Christopher J. Preston

Download or read book Engineering the Climate written by Christopher J. Preston and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2012-06-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering the Climate: The Ethics of Solar Radiation Management discusses the ethical issues associated with deliberately engineering a cooler climate to combat global warming. Climate engineering (also known as geoengineering) has recently experienced a surge of interest given the growing likelihood that the global community will fail to limit the temperature increases associated with greenhouse gases to safe levels. Deliberate manipulation of solar radiation to combat climate change is an exciting and hopeful technical prospect, promising great benefits to those who are in line to suffer most through climate change. At the same time, the prospect of geoengineering creates huge controversy. Taking intentional control of earth’s climate would be an unprecedented step in environmental management, raising a number of difficult ethical questions. One particular form of geoengineering, solar radiation management (SRM), is known to be relatively cheap and capable of bringing down global temperatures very rapidly. However, the complexity of the climate system creates considerable uncertainty about the precise nature of SRM’s effects in different regions. The ethical issues raised by the prospect of SRM are both complex and thorny. They include: 1) the uncertainty of SRM’s effects on precipitation patterns, 2) the challenge of proper global participation in decision-making, 3) the legitimacy of intentionally manipulating the global climate system in the first place, 4) the potential to sidestep the issue of dealing with greenhouse gas emissions, and, 5) the lasting effects on future generations. It has been widely acknowledged that a sustained and scholarly treatment of the ethics of SRM is necessary before it will be possible to make fair and just decisions about whether (or how) to proceed. This book, including essays by 13 experts in the field of ethics of geoengineering, is intended to go some distance towards providing that treatment.

SORCE

Author : Gary Rottman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis SORCE by : Gary Rottman

Download or read book SORCE written by Gary Rottman and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Ethics of Climate Engineering

Author : Toby Svoboda
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1315468522
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Climate Engineering by : Toby Svoboda

Download or read book The Ethics of Climate Engineering written by Toby Svoboda and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes major ethical issues surrounding the use of climate engineering, particularly solar radiation management (SRM) techniques, which have the potential to reduce some risks of anthropogenic climate change but also carry their own risks of harm and injustice. The book argues that we should approach the ethics of climate engineering via "non-ideal theory," which investigates what justice requires given the fact that many parties have failed to comply with their duty to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. Specifically, it argues that climate justice should be approached comparatively, evaluating the relative justice or injustice of feasible policies under conditions that are likely to hold within relevant timeframes. Likely near-future conditions include "pessimistic scenarios," in which no available option avoids serious ethical problems. The book contends that certain uses of SRM can be ethically defensible in some pessimistic scenarios. This is the first book devoted to the many ethical issues surrounding climate engineering.

Solar Irradiance

Author : Daryl M. Welsh
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781536187991
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (879 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Irradiance by : Daryl M. Welsh

Download or read book Solar Irradiance written by Daryl M. Welsh and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2020 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Solar Irradiance: Types and Applications first presents intelligent models for sizing, parameters forecasting and control of a photovoltaic system on the basis of a modified fuzzy neural net. The modified fuzzy neural net provides automatic fulfillment and modification of all proposed intelligent models. Following this, the authors discuss modeling direct normal irradiance at the Earth's surface. In addition to looking traditionally at direct normal irradiance as a fuel for concentrating solar systems, its use in computing the sunshine number is also explored. The closing study explores the potential of using simple empirical and artificial neural network models to estimate global solar radiation on a horizontal surface. Algeria was used as a case study and four statistical parameters were chosen to assess the performances of each model or approach"--

Solar Energy

Author : Jeffrey M. Gordon
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134275897
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Energy by : Jeffrey M. Gordon

Download or read book Solar Energy written by Jeffrey M. Gordon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-18 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is rare that a book draws together the knowledge and experience of scientists, each a world leader in his or her discipline, to create a work that presents the state of the art in a field as rich and diverse as solar energy. In Solar Energy - the State of the Art this aim has been achieved. The book comprises twelve individual chapters, each dedicated to one of the major solar energy sub-disciplines and authored by an internationally recognised expert in the field. Areas covered range from solar radiation and meteorology, solar collectors and concentrators, solar energy and the built environment, to solar thermal electricity, photovoltaics, wind energy and the potential cost of ignoring solar energy resources. The papers examine the technology and field in question, discuss the rudiments and major applications, review the current science and technology and explore the remaining challenges for the future. Solar Energy - the State of the Art is an essential reference work for all solar energy practitioners, students, researchers and engineers wishing to gain a broad-based understanding of the theory, technology, applications and issues surrounding the broad, interdisciplinary field of solar energy. The book will form an important component of any library's solar energy holding and will be of particular benefit as an academic reference, as well as being of practical value to professionals who wish to gain a clear understanding of the concepts required to move forward in this field. Published with ISES.

Solar Energy Engineering

Author : Soteris A Kalogirou
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080922872
Total Pages : 779 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Energy Engineering by : Soteris A Kalogirou

Download or read book Solar Energy Engineering written by Soteris A Kalogirou and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-07-22 with total page 779 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As perhaps the most promising of all the renewable energy sources available today, solar energy is becoming increasingly important in the drive to achieve energy independence and climate balance. This new book is the masterwork from world-renowned expert Dr. Soteris Kalogirou, who has championed solar energy for decades. The book includes all areas of solar energy engineering, from the fundamentals to the highest level of current research. The author includes pivotal subjects such as solar collectors, solar water heating, solar space heating and cooling, industrial process heat, solar desalination, photovoltaics, solar thermal power systems, and modeling of solar systems, including the use of artificial intelligence systems in solar energy systems, modeling and performance prediction. *Written by one of the world's most renowned experts in solar energy*Covers the hottest new developments in solar technology, such as solar cooling and desalination*Packed with quick look up tables and schematic diagrams for the most commonly used systems today'

Advancing the Science of Climate Change

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309145880
Total Pages : 526 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Advancing the Science of Climate Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Advancing the Science of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-10 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change is occurring, is caused largely by human activities, and poses significant risks for-and in many cases is already affecting-a broad range of human and natural systems. The compelling case for these conclusions is provided in Advancing the Science of Climate Change, part of a congressionally requested suite of studies known as America's Climate Choices. While noting that there is always more to learn and that the scientific process is never closed, the book shows that hypotheses about climate change are supported by multiple lines of evidence and have stood firm in the face of serious debate and careful evaluation of alternative explanations. As decision makers respond to these risks, the nation's scientific enterprise can contribute through research that improves understanding of the causes and consequences of climate change and also is useful to decision makers at the local, regional, national, and international levels. The book identifies decisions being made in 12 sectors, ranging from agriculture to transportation, to identify decisions being made in response to climate change. Advancing the Science of Climate Change calls for a single federal entity or program to coordinate a national, multidisciplinary research effort aimed at improving both understanding and responses to climate change. Seven cross-cutting research themes are identified to support this scientific enterprise. In addition, leaders of federal climate research should redouble efforts to deploy a comprehensive climate observing system, improve climate models and other analytical tools, invest in human capital, and improve linkages between research and decisions by forming partnerships with action-oriented programs.

Solar Radiation Data Manual for Flat-plate and Concentrating Collectors

Author : William F. Marion
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Solar Radiation Data Manual for Flat-plate and Concentrating Collectors by : William F. Marion

Download or read book Solar Radiation Data Manual for Flat-plate and Concentrating Collectors written by William F. Marion and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Agroclimatology

Author : Jerry L. Hatfield
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0891183574
Total Pages : 656 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Agroclimatology by : Jerry L. Hatfield

Download or read book Agroclimatology written by Jerry L. Hatfield and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-01-22 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can we unlock resilience to climate stress by better understanding linkages between the environment and biological systems? Agroclimatology allows us to explore how different processes determine plant response to climate and how climate drives the distribution of crops and their productivity. Editors Jerry L. Hatfield, Mannava V.K. Sivakumar, and John H. Prueger have taken a comprehensive view of agroclimatology to assist and challenge researchers in this important area of study. Major themes include: principles of energy exchange and climatology, understanding climate change and agriculture, linkages of specific biological systems to climatology, the context of pests and diseases, methods of agroclimatology, and the application of agroclimatic principles to problem-solving in agriculture.

Economical and Technical Considerations for Solar Tracking: Methodologies and Opportunities for Energy Management

Author : Soulayman, S.
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522529519
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis Economical and Technical Considerations for Solar Tracking: Methodologies and Opportunities for Energy Management by : Soulayman, S.

Download or read book Economical and Technical Considerations for Solar Tracking: Methodologies and Opportunities for Energy Management written by Soulayman, S. and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy is a critical topic of discussion in contemporary society. With increased attention on alternative methods, solar tracking has emerged as an effective strategy for sustainable energy management. Economical and Technical Considerations for Solar Tracking: Methodologies and Opportunities for Energy Management is an essential reference source for the latest scholarly research on economic and technical considerations of long-term and short-term solar tracking. Featuring coverage on a broad range of topics such as sun position, solar radiation, and geographic orientation, this publication is ideally designed for students, professionals, and engineers seeking current research on efficient use of solar energy.

Nonlinear Modeling of Solar Radiation and Wind Speed Time Series

Author : Luigi Fortuna
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319387642
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonlinear Modeling of Solar Radiation and Wind Speed Time Series by : Luigi Fortuna

Download or read book Nonlinear Modeling of Solar Radiation and Wind Speed Time Series written by Luigi Fortuna and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-21 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief is a clear, concise description of the main techniques of time series analysis —stationary, autocorrelation, mutual information, fractal and multifractal analysis, chaos analysis, etc.— as they are applied to the influence of wind speed and solar radiation on the production of electrical energy from these renewable sources. The problem of implementing prediction models is addressed by using the embedding-phase-space approach: a powerful technique for the modeling of complex systems. Readers are also guided in applying the main machine learning techniques for classification of the patterns hidden in their time series and so will be able to perform statistical analyses that are not possible by using conventional techniques. The conceptual exposition avoids unnecessary mathematical details and focuses on concrete examples in order to ensure a better understanding of the proposed techniques. Results are well-illustrated by figures and tables.