Oil Spills First Principles

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Oil Spills First Principles

Author : B. Ornitz†
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080537962
Total Pages : 678 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (379 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spills First Principles by : B. Ornitz†

Download or read book Oil Spills First Principles written by B. Ornitz† and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-06-18 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine oil spills are no longer considered unavoidable "accidents" resulting from adverse environmental conditions or functions of catastrophic events. More than 80% of all spills are the result of "human error". The focus of the current legal, regulatory, and convention framework affecting the transportation of oil by ship reflects a recent change in public attitude, in which there is an insistence upon protection of the world¿s marine environments, particularly coastal ecosystems. The outcome of such global attention is the creation of significant legal and political motivators for a cultural shift by the oil shipping industry, from an "evasion culture" to a "safety culture". The new safety culture connotes continuous improvement in ship operations and a willingness to adopt the evolving concepts of communication at all levels, better trained and qualified personnel on board ship, emphasis of safety from top down, and proactive institution of safety management systems. Mere compliance with international and national laws is no longer sufficient for future sustainable shipping. These changes and advancements in understanding the science and engineering of oil spills are the focus of this book on Oil Spills First Principles. They are Prevention, based upon adoption of the safety culture, and Best Response, utilizing scientific, technical and environmental data and information. Over the past 30 years, billions of US dollars have been spent in R&D planning, response and clean up of oil spills. All of these efforts have focused on achieving Best Response. The concept of time periods of "Technology Windows-of-Opportunity" for a given response and clean up technology has developed from the leadership and wisdom of researchers and responders from many nations using modeling of the weathering of spilled oil and technology effectiveness. The Windows-of-Opportunity strategy provides a scientific basis for policy and decision-making in oil spill planning, response, and training. A global paradigm shift is needed to more effectively utilize and expedite the application of lessons learned in both prevention and clean up. Recognition of economic, political, and legal benefits accruing from environmental protection is good for business and critical for sustainable shipping.

The Oil Spill Problem

Author : United States. President's Panel on Oil Spills
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis The Oil Spill Problem by : United States. President's Panel on Oil Spills

Download or read book The Oil Spill Problem written by United States. President's Panel on Oil Spills and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology

Author : Merv Fingas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470455519
Total Pages : 641 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology by : Merv Fingas

Download or read book Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology written by Merv Fingas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a scientific basis for the cleanup and for the assessment of oil spills Enables Non-scientific officers to understand the science they use on a daily basis Multi-disciplinary approach covering fields as diverse as biology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, oceanography and toxicology Covers the science of oil spills from risk analysis to cleanup and through the effects on the environment Includes case studies examining and analyzing spills, such as Tasman Spirit oil spill on the Karachi Coast, and provides lessons to prevent these in the future

Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030929889X
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-08-01 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.

Oil in the Sea III

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309084385
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil in the Sea III by : National Research Council

Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.

Oil Spill Research Needs

Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spill Research Needs by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment

Download or read book Oil Spill Research Needs written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Natural Resources, Agriculture Research, and Environment and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Oil Spill Remediation

Author : Ponisseril Somasundaran
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118825640
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spill Remediation by : Ponisseril Somasundaran

Download or read book Oil Spill Remediation written by Ponisseril Somasundaran and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of oil spillremediation from the perspectives of policy makers, scientists, andengineers, generally focusing on colloid chemistry phenomena andsolutions involved in oil spills and their cleanup. • First book to address oil spill remediation from theperspective of physicochemical and colloidal science • Discusses current and emerging detergents used inclean-ups • Includes chapters from leading scientists,researchers, engineers, and policy makers • Presents new insights into the possible impact of oilspills on ecosystems as well as preventive measures

Oil Spill Dispersants

Author : Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spill Dispersants by : Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects

Download or read book Oil Spill Dispersants written by Committee on Understanding Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approximately 3 million gallons of oil or refined petroleum products are spilled into U.S. waters every year. Oil dispersants (chemical agents such as surfactants, solvents, and other compounds) are used to reduce the effect of oil spills by changing the chemical and physical properties of the oil. By enhancing the amount of oil that physically mixes into the water, dispersants can reduce the potential that a surface slick will contaminate shoreline habitats. Although called for in the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 as a tool for minimizing the impact of oil spills, the use of chemical dispersants has long been controversial. This book reviews the adequacy of existing information and ongoing research regarding the effectiveness of dispersants as an oil spill response technique, as well as the effect of dispersed oil on marine and coastal ecosystems. Oil Spill Dispersants also includes recommended steps for policy makers faced with making hard choices regarding the use of dispersants as part of spill contingency planning efforts or during actual spills.

Sustainable Shipping

Author : Harilaos N. Psaraftis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030043304
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainable Shipping by : Harilaos N. Psaraftis

Download or read book Sustainable Shipping written by Harilaos N. Psaraftis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-11 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International shipping is currently at a crossroads. The decision of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) in April 2018 to adopt an Initial Strategy so as to achieve by 2050 a reduction of at least 50% in maritime greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions vis-à-vis 2008 levels epitomizes the last among a series of recent developments as regards sustainable shipping. It also sets the scene on what may happen in the future. Even though many experts and industry circles believe that the IMO decision is in line with the COP21 climate change agreement in Paris in 2015, others disagree, either on the ground that the target is not ambitious enough, or on the ground that no clear pathway to reach the target is currently visible. This book takes a cross-disciplinary view of the various dimensions of the maritime transportation sustainability problem. “Cross-disciplinary” means that a variety of angles are used to examine the book topics, and these mainly include the technological angle, the economics angle, the logistics angle, and the environmental angle. The book reviews models that can be used to evaluate decisions, policy alternatives and trade-offs. For sustainable shipping, a spectrum of technical, logistics-based and market based measures are being contemplated. All may have important side-effects as regards the economics and logistics of the maritime supply chain, including ports and hinterland connections. The objective to attain an acceptable environmental performance, while at the same time respecting traditional economic performance criteria so that shipping remains viable, is and is likely to be a central goal for both industry and policy-makers in the years ahead. At the same time, policy fragmentation is likely to create distortions of competition and sub-optimal solutions. This book attempts to address these issues and identify better solutions. /divSustainable Shipping: A Cross-Disciplinary View includes chapters that cover many relevant topics. These include a general view of maritime transport sustainability, green ship technologies, information and communication technologies (ICTs) for sustainable shipping, green tramp ship routing and scheduling, green liner network design and speed optimization. Market based measures, oil pollution, ship recycling, sulphur emissions, ballast water management, alternative fuels and green ports are also covered. The book concludes by discussing prospects for the future, with a focus on the IMO Initial Strategy. "This book contains a unique wealth of information on sustainable shipping. The knowledge it provides is rigorous, complete, and well supported by statistics, technical reports, and scientific references. The treatment of the various topics is not only informative but also analytical and critical." —Gilbert Laporte, Maritime Economics & Logistics (12 May, 2020)

Three Recent Oil Spills

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Protection
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Three Recent Oil Spills by : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Protection

Download or read book Three Recent Oil Spills written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Environmental Protection and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Exxon Oil Spill

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. National Ocean Policy Study
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Exxon Oil Spill by : United States. Congress. Senate. National Ocean Policy Study

Download or read book Exxon Oil Spill written by United States. Congress. Senate. National Ocean Policy Study and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Petroleum Biodegradation and Oil Spill Bioremediation

Author : Karuna K. Arjoon
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000830640
Total Pages : 506 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Petroleum Biodegradation and Oil Spill Bioremediation by : Karuna K. Arjoon

Download or read book Petroleum Biodegradation and Oil Spill Bioremediation written by Karuna K. Arjoon and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-12-22 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prime focus of the book is to determine the mechanism, extent, and efficiency of biodegradation processes, as it is necessary to know the composition of the original crude oil or crude oil product. The technology of bioremediation and the concerns of whether or not bioremediation technologies can accelerate this natural process enough to be considered practical, and, if so, whether they might find a niche as replacements for, or adjuncts to, other crude oil-spill response technologies. This book also introduces the reader to the science of the composition of crude oil and crude oil products is at the core of understanding the chemistry of biodegradation and bioremediation processes.

Liability and Compensation for Offshore Oil Pollution Damage in the Arctic

Author : Kristoffer Svendsen
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004548343
Total Pages : 541 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Liability and Compensation for Offshore Oil Pollution Damage in the Arctic by : Kristoffer Svendsen

Download or read book Liability and Compensation for Offshore Oil Pollution Damage in the Arctic written by Kristoffer Svendsen and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2024-01-15 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an essential contribution to understanding Russian law for English speakers. In a time when the energy markets in Europe are changing away from Russian dependence on oil and gas, Dr Svendsen explains what the legal consequences will be if we would experience cross-border harm as a result of an oil spill from offshore installations on the Norwegian and the Russian side of the sea border in the Barents Sea. This book examines Russian and Norwegian rules governing liability, choice-of-law, recognition and enforcement, damage, third-party losses, environmental harm, and valuation of environmental harm.

Deep Oil Spills

Author : Steven A. Murawski
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030116050
Total Pages : 611 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Oil Spills by : Steven A. Murawski

Download or read book Deep Oil Spills written by Steven A. Murawski and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-29 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The demand for oil and gas has brought exploration and production to unprecedented depths of the world’s oceans. Currently, over 50% of the oil from the Gulf of Mexico now comes from waters in excess of 1,500 meters (one mile) deep, where no oil was produced just 20 years ago. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill blowout did much to change the perception of oil spills as coming just from tanker accidents, train derailments, and pipeline ruptures. In fact, beginning with the Ixtoc 1 spill off Campeche, Mexico in 1979-1980, there have been a series of large spill events originating at the sea bottom and creating a myriad of new environmental and well control challenges. This volume explores the physics, chemistry, sub-surface oil deposition and environmental impacts of deep oil spills. Key lessons learned from the responses to previous deep spills, as well as unresolved scientific questions for additional research are highlighted, all of which are appropriate for governmental regulators, politicians, industry decision-makers, first responders, researchers and students wanting an incisive overview of issues surrounding deep-water oil and gas production.

Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response by :

Download or read book Understanding Oil Spills and Oil Spill Response written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Oil Spill Science and Technology

Author : Mervin Fingas
Publisher : Gulf Professional Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128110961
Total Pages : 1078 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Oil Spill Science and Technology by : Mervin Fingas

Download or read book Oil Spill Science and Technology written by Mervin Fingas and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 1078 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil Spill Science and Technology, Second Edition, delivers a multi-contributed view on the entire chain of oil-spill related topics from oil properties and behaviors, to remote sensing through the management side of contingency planning and communicating oil spill risk perceptions. Completely new case studies are included with special attention to the Deepwater Horizon event, covering the impacts of wetlands and sand beaches, a mass balance approach, and the process for removing petroleum chemicals still trapped near Alabama beaches. Other new information on lingering oil left behind from the Exxon Valdez spill, the emergency system used in the Prestige incident, and coverage on the Heibei Spirit spill in Korea are also included. This updated edition combines technology with case studies to identify the current state of knowledge surrounding oil spills that will encourage additional areas of research that are left to uncover in this critical sector of the oil and gas industry. Updated with new chapters on risk analysis and communication, contingency planning, restoration, and case studies Supported with technological advances evolved from the Deepwater Horizon/BP oil tragedy and events in the Arctic/Antarctic Multi-contributed from various industry experts to provide an extensive background in technical equipment and worldwide procedures used today

Coastal Pollution

Author : Carl J. Sindermann
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420036416
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Coastal Pollution by : Carl J. Sindermann

Download or read book Coastal Pollution written by Carl J. Sindermann and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-20 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1996, after more than a decade of researching the effects of over-population and the consequent pollution of the greater metropolitan New York City area, Carl Sindermann published his observations and conclusions in Ocean Pollution: Effects on Living Resources and Humans, a mostly technical document that emphasized the pathological effects of coastal pollution. The stressed species inhabiting the coastal waters of New York Bight had been the subject of several laboratory programs, which when integrated with ongoing pollution studies, provided a superb opportunity to assess the effects of human impact upon a fragile coastal system. Coastal Pollution: Effects on Living Resources and Humans is a highly lucid expansion and revision of that earlier book that preserves some of the technical aspects and enlightening vignettes recorded in the original. Organized into three distinct sections this work- I. Recounts eight specific horror stories based mostly on the consequences of coastal pollution II. Surveys the effects of coastal pollution on resource species such as fish and shellfish and marine mammals III. Examines the effects of coastal pollution on humans Sindermann ends the work by drawing conclusions and offering predictions for the future. Reflecting back over his notable career and beyond, the author ventures back as far as the 1950s in an effort to make readers appreciate the long historical record that is often forgotten due to our focus on the here ad now. "Science practiced without occasional genuflection to its history is too flat and featureless - intense but without depth - stimulating but lacking an important link with the past. We can do better." Intending to express insight that goes beyond the discussion of any one area, the author uses his experiences at the Sandy Hook laboratory as a lens to provide us with a poignant and well-documented understanding of the human impact on the inshore marine environment and its inhabitants, worldwide.