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Monte Carlo Calculations Of Microscopic Dose Enhancement For Gold Nanoparticle Aided Radiation Therapy
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Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Calculations of Microscopic Dose Enhancement for Gold Nanoparticle-aided Radiation Therapy by : Bernard Jones
Download or read book Monte Carlo Calculations of Microscopic Dose Enhancement for Gold Nanoparticle-aided Radiation Therapy written by Bernard Jones and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gold Nanoparticle-Aided Radiation Therapy (GNRT) is a new paradigm in radiation therapy which seeks to make a tumor more susceptible to radiation damage by modifying its photon interaction properties with an infusion of a high-atomic-number substance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the energy deposition due to secondary electrons from gold nanoparticles on a micrometer scale and to calculate the corresponding microscopic dose enhancement factor during GNRT. The Monte Carlo code EGSnrc was modified to obtain the spectra of secondary electrons from atoms of gold and molecules of water under photon irradiation of a tumor infused with 0.7 wt. % gold. Six different photon sources were used: 125I, 103Pd, 169Yb, 192Ir, 50kVp, and 6MV x-rays. Treating the scored electron spectra as point sources within an infinite medium of water, the event-by-event Monte Carlo code NOREC was used to quantify the radial dose distribution, giving rise to gold and water electron dose point kernels. These kernels were applied to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of a gold nanoparticle distribution in tissue. The dose at each point was then calculated, enabling the determination of the microscopic dose enhancement at each point. For the lower energy sources 125I, 103Pd, 169Yb, and 50 kVp, the secondary electron fluence was increased by as much as two orders of magnitude, leading to a one-to-two order of magnitude increase in the electron dose point kernel over radial distances up to 50 um. The dose was enhanced by 100% within 5 um of the nanoparticles, and by 5% as far away as 30 um. This study demonstrates a remarkable microscopic dose enhancement due to gold nanoparticles and low energy photon sources. Given that the dose enhancement exceeds 100% within very short distances from the nanoparticles, the maximum radiobiological benefit may be derived from active targeting strategies that concentrate nanoparticles in close proximity to the cancer cell and/or its nucleus.
Book Synopsis Monte Carlo Investigation of Dose Enhancement Due to Gold Nanoparticles in Particle Beam Therapy by : jong hwi jeong
Download or read book Monte Carlo Investigation of Dose Enhancement Due to Gold Nanoparticles in Particle Beam Therapy written by jong hwi jeong and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: We investigated the dose enhancement effect due to gold nanoparticles in particle beam (12C, 4He, proton) irradiation. Methods:For Monte Carlo simulation, TOPAS version 3.1 patch 03 was used. Firstly, 12C ion scanning beams of mono-energetic 283.33 MeV/u, 4He ion scanning beams of mono-energetic 150.0 MeV/u, and proton 150 MeV were irradiated to a water-filled phantom (30 x 30 x 30 cm3), and secondary particle information generated near the Bragg peak was recorded in a phase space file. Secondly, the obtained phase spaces file were squeezed to nanometer scale (50 nm) to irradiate gold and water nanoparticles of 50 nm diameter located at the center of 4 x 4 x 4 u03bcm3 water filled cube phantom. Dose enhancement ratio (DER) was calculated with a 1 nm thickness of a concentric shell shaped detector placed up to 50 nm from the nanoparticle surface. The DER was computed at every 1 nm distance from the surface of the nanoparticle.Results:Computed gold nanoparticle DER at 1 nm from the nanoparticle surface was 4.89, 4.86, and 4.69 results for proton, 4He, 12C particle beam respectively. There was no significant difference in DER depending on the particle beam, and it rapidly decreased from the gold nano particle surface.Conclusion: Gold nanomaterials have the potential to be used as a radiosensitizer in particle beam therapy. When using gold nanoparticle in particle beam therapy, the dose enhancement effect of the gold nanoparticles absorbed within the tumor cell would be a delivery more therapeutic dose.
Book Synopsis A Monte Carlo Study of Dose Enhancement and Range Verification of Proton Beam with Gold Nanoparticles by : Mark Andrew Newpower
Download or read book A Monte Carlo Study of Dose Enhancement and Range Verification of Proton Beam with Gold Nanoparticles written by Mark Andrew Newpower and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, June 7-12, 2015, Toronto, Canada by : David A. Jaffray
Download or read book World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, June 7-12, 2015, Toronto, Canada written by David A. Jaffray and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-07-13 with total page 1790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the IUPESM World Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics, a tri-annual high-level policy meeting dedicated exclusively to furthering the role of biomedical engineering and medical physics in medicine. The book offers papers about emerging issues related to the development and sustainability of the role and impact of medical physicists and biomedical engineers in medicine and healthcare. It provides a unique and important forum to secure a coordinated, multileveled global response to the need, demand and importance of creating and supporting strong academic and clinical teams of biomedical engineers and medical physicists for the benefit of human health.
Book Synopsis Nanobiomaterials in Medical Imaging by : Alexandru Grumezescu
Download or read book Nanobiomaterials in Medical Imaging written by Alexandru Grumezescu and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2016-04-13 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanobiomaterials in Medical Imaging presents the latest developments in medical exploratory approaches using nanotechnology. Leading researchers from around the world discuss recent progress and state-of-the-art techniques. The book covers synthesis and surface modification of multimodal imaging agents, popular examples of nanoparticles and their applications in different imaging techniques, and combinatorial therapy for the development of multifunctional nanocarriers. The advantages and potential of current techniques are also considered. This book will be of interest to postdoctoral researchers, professors and students engaged in the fields of materials science, biotechnology and applied chemistry. It will also be highly valuable to those working in industry, including pharmaceutics and biotechnology companies, medical researchers, biomedical engineers and advanced clinicians. A valuable resource for researchers, practitioners and students working in biomedical, biotechnological and engineering fields A detailed guide to recent scientific progress, along with the latest application methods Presents innovative opportunities and ideas for developing or improving technologies in nanomedicine and medical imaging
Book Synopsis Cancer Nanotechnology by : Sang Hyun Cho
Download or read book Cancer Nanotechnology written by Sang Hyun Cho and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid advances in nanotechnology have enabled the fabrication of nanoparticles from various materials with different shapes, sizes, and properties, and efforts are ongoing to exploit these materials for practical clinical applications. Nanotechnology is particularly relevant in the field of oncology, as the leaky and chaotic vasculature of tumors—a hallmark of unrestrained growth—results in the passive accumulation of nanoparticles within tumors. Cancer Nanotechnology: Principles and Applications in Radiation Oncology is a compilation of research in the arena of nanoparticles and radiation oncology, which lies at the intersection of disciplines as diverse as clinical radiation oncology, radiation physics and biology, nanotechnology, materials science, and biomedical engineering. The book provides a comprehensive, cross-disciplinary survey of basic principles, research techniques, and outcomes with the goals of eventual clinical translation. Coverage includes A general introduction to fabrication, preferential tumor targeting, and imaging of nanoparticles The specific applications of nanomaterials in the realms of radiation therapy, hyperthermia, thermal therapy, and normal tissue protection from radiation exposure Outlooks for future research and clinical translation including regulatory issues for ultimate use of nanomaterials in humans Reflecting profound advances in the application of nanotechnology to radiation oncology, this comprehensive volume demonstrates how the unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles lead to novel strategies for cancer treatment and detection. Along with various computational and experimental techniques, each chapter highlights the most promising approaches to the use of nanoparticles for radiation response modulation.
Download or read book X-ray Nanochemistry written by Ting Guo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-01 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the latest developments in the new research discipline of X-ray nanochemistry, which uses nanomaterials to enhance the effectiveness of X-ray irradiation. Nanomaterials now can be synthesized in such a way as to meet the demand for complex functions that enhance the X-ray effect. Innovative methods of delivering the X-rays, which can interact with those nanomaterials much more strongly than energetic electrons and gamma rays, also create new opportunities to enhance the X-ray effect. As a result, new concepts are conceived and new developments are made in the last decade, which are discussed and summarized in this book. This book will help define the discipline and encourage more students and scientists to work in this discipline. These efforts will eventually lead to formation of a full set of physical, chemical and materials principles for this new research field.
Book Synopsis Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application: 2011 Edition by :
Download or read book Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 8760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nanotechnology. The editors have built Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nanotechnology in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Advances in Nanotechnology Research and Application: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Book Synopsis Nanoparticle Enhanced Radiation Therapy by : Erno Sajo
Download or read book Nanoparticle Enhanced Radiation Therapy written by Erno Sajo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved targeting of abnormal cells and tissue in the radiotherapy of cancer has been a long-standing goal of researchers. The central purpose in Nanoparticle-Enhanced Radiotherapy (NPRT) is to more precisely control where the radiation dose is delivered, desirably with subcellular precision, provided we can find a method to bring the nanoparticles to target and control their concentration and size distribution. The contents within this book will cover the rationale and fundamental principles of NPRT, optimal nanoparticle sizes, concentrations, design and fabrication, effective nanoparticle delivery methods, emerging clinical applications of NRT modalities, treatment planning and quality assurance and the potential of NPRT in global health. This volume will serve as a resource for researchers, educators and industry, and as a practical guide or comprehensive reference for students, research trainees and others working in cancer nanomedicine. Part of IOP Series in Global Health and Radiation Oncology.
Book Synopsis Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation by : National Research Council
Download or read book Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-11 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly 20 million nuclear medicine procedures are carried out each year in the United States alone to diagnose and treat cancers, cardiovascular disease, and certain neurological disorders. Many of the advancements in nuclear medicine have been the result of research investments made during the past 50 years where these procedures are now a routine part of clinical care. Although nuclear medicine plays an important role in biomedical research and disease management, its promise is only beginning to be realized. Advancing Nuclear Medicine Through Innovation highlights the exciting emerging opportunities in nuclear medicine, which include assessing the efficacy of new drugs in development, individualizing treatment to the patient, and understanding the biology of human diseases. Health care and pharmaceutical professionals will be most interested in this book's examination of the challenges the field faces and its recommendations for ways to reduce these impediments.
Book Synopsis Drug Delivery Nanosystems by : Natassa Pippa
Download or read book Drug Delivery Nanosystems written by Natassa Pippa and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology seeks to exploit distinct technological advances controlling the structure of nanoscale biomaterials at a nanodimensional scale approaching individual molecules and their aggregates or supramolecular structures. The term "nanomedicine" is used to describe those technologies under the umbrella of nanotechnology that have therapeutic applications in human health. This book presents recent trends and research achievements in the field of pharmaceutical nanotechnology and advanced drug delivery nanosystems, especially for theranostic purposes. The applications of drug delivery nanosystems considered carriers of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) (e.g., proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) are analyzed on the basis of technology, preparation protocols, and biomedical applications. The book also extensively reports on the principles, design protocols, and applications of nanosystems in drug delivery, imaging, and targeting of active molecules of pharmaceutical interest.
Book Synopsis Basic Radiological Physics by : Thayalan Kuppusamy
Download or read book Basic Radiological Physics written by Thayalan Kuppusamy and published by JP Medical Ltd. This book was released on 2017-07-17 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edition has been fully revised to provide radiologists with the latest advances in radiological physics. Divided into six sections, the book begins with an overview of general physics, followed by a section on radiation physics. The remaining chapters cover physics of diagnostic radiology, physics of nuclear medicine, physics of radiation therapy, and radiological health and safety. The second edition features many new topics, recent advances and detailed explanations of complicated concepts. The comprehensive text is further enhanced by nearly 350 radiological images, diagrams and tables. Key points Fully revised new edition providing latest advances in radiological physics Second edition features new topics, recent advances and explanations of complicated concepts Highly illustrated with nearly 350 radiological images, diagrams and tables Previous edition (9788171798544) published in 2001
Book Synopsis Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy by : Frances M. Ross
Download or read book Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy written by Frances M. Ross and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2.6.2 Electrodes for Electrochemistry
Book Synopsis Adverse Effects of Cancer Chemotherapy: Anything New to Improve Tolerance and Reduce Sequelae? by : Kulmira Nurgali
Download or read book Adverse Effects of Cancer Chemotherapy: Anything New to Improve Tolerance and Reduce Sequelae? written by Kulmira Nurgali and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in anti-cancer chemotherapy over recent years have led to improved efficacy in curing or controlling many cancers. Some chemotherapy-related side-effects are well recognized and include: nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuropathy, cardiac and skeletal muscle dysfunction and renal impairment. However, it is becoming clearer that some chemotherapy-related adverse effects may persist even in long term cancer survivors. Problems such as cognitive, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal dysfunction, and neuropathy may lead to substantial long term morbidity. Despite improvements in treatments to counteract acute chemotherapy-induced adverse effects, they are often incompletely effective. Furthermore, counter-measures for some acute side-effects and many potential longer term sequelae of anti-cancer chemotherapy have not been developed. Thus, new insights into prevalence and mechanisms of cancer chemotherapy-related side effects are needed and new approaches to improving tolerance and reduce sequelae of cancer chemotherapy are urgently needed. The present Research Topic focuses on adverse effects and sequelae of chemotherapy and strategies to counteract them.
Book Synopsis Gold Nanoparticles by : Valerio Voliani
Download or read book Gold Nanoparticles written by Valerio Voliani and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-04-20 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gold nanoparticles provide a platform for the development of new and efficient diagnostic and therapeutic tools.This book offers a general guide to the synthesis and coating of gold nanoparticles. It describes the links between optical features and geometries of gold nanoparticles and provides a readily comprehensible connection in all the chapters between the geometry of gold nanoparticles and their final applications.
Book Synopsis The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology by : Jake Van Dyk
Download or read book The Modern Technology of Radiation Oncology written by Jake Van Dyk and published by Medical Physics Publishing Corporation. This book was released on 1999 with total page 1106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Details technology associated with radiation oncology, emphasizing design of all equipment allied with radiation treatment. Describes procedures required to implement equipment in clinical service, covering needs assessment, purchase, acceptance, and commissioning, and explains quality assurance issues. Also addresses less common and evolving technologies. For medical physicists and radiation oncologists, as well as radiation therapists, dosimetrists, and engineering technologists. Includes bandw medical images and photos of equipment. Paper edition (unseen), $145.95. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment by : Loutfy H. Madkour
Download or read book Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment written by Loutfy H. Madkour and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-02-27 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The careful choice of nanoparticles as targets and in drug delivery routes enhances therapeutic efficacy in cancer. Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery in Cancer Treatment discusses nanotechnological developments of interfering RNA-based nanoparticles, delivery vehicles, and validated therapeutic RNAi–molecular target interactions and explains the results of clinical and preclinical trials. The book also gives strategies for universal methods of constructing hybrid organic–inorganic nanomaterials that can be widely applied in the biomedical field. Key Features: Reviews recent advances of nanoparticle-mediated siRNA delivery systems and their application in clinical trials for cancer therapy Focuses on material platforms that establish NPs and both localized and controlled gene silencing Emphasizes the most promising systems for clinical application Surveys progress in nanoparticle-based nanomedicine in cancer treatment Describes the most advanced of the nonviral nanocarriers for delivery of oligonucleotides to malignant blood cancer cells This book is a valuable resource for researchers, professors, and students researching drug delivery, gene carriers, cancer therapy, nanotechnology, and nanomaterials.
