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Modified Gravity
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Book Synopsis Modified Gravity and Cosmology by : Emmanuel N. Saridakis
Download or read book Modified Gravity and Cosmology written by Emmanuel N. Saridakis and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-10 with total page 631 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on modified gravity this book presents a review of the recent developments in the fields of gravity and cosmology, presenting the state of the art, high-lighting the open problems, and outlining the directions of future research. General Relativity and the ΛCDM framework are currently the standard lore and constitute the concordance paradigm of cosmology. Nevertheless, long-standing open theoretical issues, as well as possible new observational ones arising from the explosive development of cosmology in the last two decades, offer the motivation and lead a large amount of research to be devoted in constructing various extensions and modifications. In this review all extended theories and scenarios are first examined under the light of theoretical consistency, and are then applied in various geometrical backgrounds, such as the cosmological and the spherical symmetric ones. Their predictions at both the background and perturbation levels, and concerning cosmology at early, intermediate and late times, are then confronted with the huge amount of observational data that astrophysics and cosmology has been able to offer in the last two decades. Theories, scenarios and models that successfully and efficiently pass the above steps are classified as viable and are candidates for the description of Nature, allowing readers to get a clear overview of the state of the art and where the field of modified gravity is likely to go. This work was performed in the framework of the COST European Action “Cosmology and Astrophysics Network for Theoretical Advances and Training Actions” - CANTATA.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Modified Gravity by : Albert Petrov
Download or read book Introduction to Modified Gravity written by Albert Petrov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-27 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews various modified gravity models, including those with modifications in the pure gravitational sector; those involving extra fields, that is, scalar-tensor and vector-tensor gravity theories; gravity models with Lorentz symmetry breaking; and nonlocal gravity models. The authors discuss both classical and quantum aspects of these theories. The book is unique in bringing together all the current alternatives to Einstein gravity in one source and serves as an excellent starting point for graduate students and other newcomers seeking an overview.
Book Synopsis Structure Formation in Modified Gravity Cosmologies by : Alexandre Barreira
Download or read book Structure Formation in Modified Gravity Cosmologies written by Alexandre Barreira and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-03 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique thesis covers all aspects of theories of gravity beyond Einstein’s General Relativity, from setting up the equations that describe the evolution of perturbations, to determining the best-fitting parameters using constraints like the microwave background radiation, and ultimately to the later stages of structure formation using state-of-the-art N-body simulations and comparing them to observations of galaxies, clusters and other large-scale structures. This truly ground-breaking work puts the study of modified gravity models on the same footing as the standard model of cosmology. Since the discovery of the accelerating expansion of the Universe, marked by the awarding of the 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics, there has been a growing interest in understanding what drives that acceleration. One possible explanation lies in theories of gravity beyond Einstein’s General Relativity. This thesis addresses all aspects of the problem, an approach that is crucial to avoiding potentially catastrophic biases in the interpretation of upcoming observational missions.
Book Synopsis Generalized Perturbations in Modified Gravity and Dark Energy by : Jonathan Pearson
Download or read book Generalized Perturbations in Modified Gravity and Dark Energy written by Jonathan Pearson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-20 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When predictions of Einstein's theory of General Relativity are compared against observations of our Universe, a huge inconsistency is found. The most popular fix for this inconsistency is to "invent" around 94% of the content of the universe: dark matter and dark energy. The dark energy is some exotic substance responsible for the apparent observed acceleration of the Universe. Another fix is to modify the theory of gravity: it is entirely plausible that Einstein's theory of General Relativity breaks down on cosmological scales, just as Newton's theory of gravity breaks down in the extreme gravitational field of the Sun. There are many alternative theories of gravity, each with the aim of describing observations of our Universe where General Relativity fails. Whether it is dark energy or some modified theory of gravity, it is clear that there is some "dark sector" in the Universe. In this thesis the author constructs a unifying framework for understanding the observational impact of general classes of dark sector theories, by formulating equations of state for the dark sector perturbations.
Book Synopsis Modified Gravity: Progresses And Outlook Of Theories, Numerical Techniques And Observational Tests by : Baojiu Li
Download or read book Modified Gravity: Progresses And Outlook Of Theories, Numerical Techniques And Observational Tests written by Baojiu Li and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modified gravity theories have been a main focus of theoretical cosmology research in the past decade or so, and have been quickly developing into a mature research field that attracts attention, interest and effort from both theoretical and observational cosmologists. To be prepared for fully exploiting the future observational data, and to provide a guidance for people who are new to this field, it is useful to have a comprehensive review to summarise the current state of knowledge and to foresee the future developments.This book presents expert reviews on different topics in the field, which are then coordinated and organised in a self-consistent and self-contained manner. It is suitable for graduate students and researchers interested in the frontier research of gravity theories.
Book Synopsis Modifications of Einstein's Theory of Gravity at Large Distances by : Eleftherios Papantonopoulos
Download or read book Modifications of Einstein's Theory of Gravity at Large Distances written by Eleftherios Papantonopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-04 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last few years modified gravity theories have been proposed as extensions of Einstein's theory of gravity. Their main motivation is to explain the latest cosmological and astrophysical data on dark energy and dark matter. The study of general relativity at small scales has already produced important results (cf e.g. LNP 863 Quantum Gravity and Quantum Cosmology) while its study at large scales is challenging because recent and upcoming observational results will provide important information on the validity of these modified theories. In this volume, various aspects of modified gravity at large scales will be discussed: high-curvature gravity theories; general scalar-tensor theories; Galileon theories and their cosmological applications; F(R) gravity theories; massive, new massive and topologically massive gravity; Chern-Simons modifications of general relativity (including holographic variants) and higher-spin gravity theories, to name but a few of the most important recent developments. Edited and authored by leading researchers in the field and cast into the form of a multi-author textbook at postgraduate level, this volume will be of benefit to all postgraduate students and newcomers from neighboring disciplines wishing to find a comprehensive guide for their future research.
Download or read book Modified Gravity written by Baojiu Li and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gravity beyond general relativity / Kazuya Koyama -- Parametrizations for tests of gravity / Lucas Lombriser -- Simulation techniques / Claudio Llinares -- Approximation methods in modified gravity models / Baojiu Li -- Large-scale structure probes of modified gravity / Catherine Heymans and Gong-Bo Zhao -- Tests of gravity with galaxy clusters / Matteo Cataneo -- Towards testing gravity with cosmic voids / Yan-Chuan Cai -- Astrophysical tests of screened modified gravity / Jeremy Sakstein -- Laboratory constraints / Philippe Brax.
Book Synopsis Topics On Strong Gravity: A Modern View On Theories And Experiments by : Cesar Augusto Zen Vasconcellos
Download or read book Topics On Strong Gravity: A Modern View On Theories And Experiments written by Cesar Augusto Zen Vasconcellos and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2019-12-26 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The book concentrates attention on extended alternative theories of gravity and on the best astrophysical laboratories to probe the strong gravity-field regime: black holes, pulsars and neutron stars … Readers will likely share the satisfaction the editor and contributors say they experienced as they organized the book.'SirReadaLotFor more than a century, our understanding of gravitational physics was based on Albert Einstein's theory of General Relativity, which fundamentally changed our understanding of the Universe, its origin, and its evolutionary process. General Relativity accurately describes a large number of phenomena on very different scales. As such, it has been very well tested and its remarkable predictions are compatible with most experimental and observational data. However, the observational and experimental results compatible with General Relativity fall in its vast majority under the weak gravitational field regime. In recent years, discrepancies between the data and the corresponding predictions of General Relativity have been observed and have generated intense research activity. One of the most critical aspects of General Relativity is the presence of singularities in extreme physical situations. These discrepancies indicate that either the parameters of the theory must be modified in the regime of strong field gravity/high energy and large space-time curvature, or the theory itself should be modified. In this book, we focus our attention on extended alternative gravity theories and the best astrophysical laboratories to probe the strong field regime: black holes, pulsars, and neutron stars.
Book Synopsis Post-apartheid Patterns of Internal Migration in South Africa by : P. C. Kok
Download or read book Post-apartheid Patterns of Internal Migration in South Africa written by P. C. Kok and published by HSRC Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular belief is that urbanisation has increased substantially in the new South Africa, when, in fact, patterns of internal migration have remained static since the late 1970s.
Book Synopsis Extensions of f(R) Gravity by : Tiberiu Harko
Download or read book Extensions of f(R) Gravity written by Tiberiu Harko and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-08 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent cosmological observations have posed a challenge for traditional theories of gravity: what is the force driving the accelerated expansion of the universe? What if dark energy or dark matter do not exist and what we observe is a modification of the gravitational interaction that dominates the universe at large scales? Various extensions to Einstein's General Theory of Relativity have been proposed, and this book presents a detailed theoretical and phenomenological analysis of several leading, modified theories of gravity. Theories with generalised curvature-matter couplings are first explored, followed by hybrid metric-Palatini gravity. This timely book first discusses key motivations behind the development of these modified gravitational theories, before presenting a detailed overview of their subsequent development, mathematical structure, and cosmological and astrophysical implications. Covering recent developments and with an emphasis on astrophysical and cosmological applications, this is the perfect text for graduate students and researchers.
Book Synopsis The Invisible Universe: Dark Matter and Dark Energy by : Eleftherios Papantonopoulos
Download or read book The Invisible Universe: Dark Matter and Dark Energy written by Eleftherios Papantonopoulos and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-08-01 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nature and essence of Dark Matter and Dark Energy have become the central issue in modern cosmology over the past years. This extensive volume, an outgrowth of a topical and tutorial summer school, has been set up with the aim of constituting an advanced-level, multi-authored textbook which meets the needs of both postgraduate students and young researchers in the fields of modern cosmology and astrophysics.
Book Synopsis Beyond Einstein Gravity by : Salvatore Capozziello
Download or read book Beyond Einstein Gravity written by Salvatore Capozziello and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-27 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beyond Einstein’s Gravity is a graduate level introduction to extended theories of gravity and cosmology, including variational principles, the weak-field limit, gravitational waves, mathematical tools, exact solutions, as well as cosmological and astrophysical applications. The book provides a critical overview of the research in this area and unifies the existing literature using a consistent notation. Although the results apply in principle to all alternative gravities, a special emphasis is on scalar-tensor and f(R) theories. They were studied by theoretical physicists from early on, and in the 1980s they appeared in attempts to renormalize General Relativity and in models of the early universe. Recently, these theories have seen a new lease of life, in both their metric and metric-affine versions, as models of the present acceleration of the universe without introducing the mysterious and exotic dark energy. The dark matter problem can also be addressed in extended gravity. These applications are contributing to a deeper understanding of the gravitational interaction from both the theoretical and the experimental point of view. An extensive bibliography guides the reader into more detailed literature on particular topics.
Download or read book Beyond ΛCDM written by Sownak Bose and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-02 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book employs computer simulations of ‘artificial’ Universes to investigate the properties of two popular alternatives to the standard candidates for dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE). It confronts the predictions of theoretical models with observations using a sophisticated semi-analytic model of galaxy formation. Understanding the nature of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) are two of the most central problems in modern cosmology. While their important role in the evolution of the Universe has been well established—namely, that DM serves as the building blocks of galaxies, and that DE accelerates the expansion of the Universe—their true nature remains elusive. In the first half, the authors consider ‘sterile neutrino’ DM, motivated by recent claims that these particles may have finally been detected. Using sophisticated models of galaxy formation, the authors find that future observations of the high redshift Universe and faint dwarf galaxies in the Local Group can place strong constraints on the sterile neutrino scenario. In the second half, the authors propose and test novel numerical algorithms for simulating Universes with a ‘modified’ theory of gravity, as an alternative explanation to accelerated expansion. The authors’ techniques improve the efficiency of these simulations by more than a factor of 20 compared to previous methods, inviting the readers into a new era for precision cosmological tests of gravity.
Book Synopsis Gravitational Waves by : Michele Maggiore
Download or read book Gravitational Waves written by Michele Maggiore and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-09 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume book Gravitational Waves provides a comprehensive and detailed account of the physics of gravitational waves. While Volume 1 is devoted to the theory and experiments, Volume 2 discusses what can be learned from gravitational waves in astrophysics and in cosmology, by systematizing a large body of theoretical developments that have taken place over the last decades. The second volume also includes a detailed discussion of the first direct detections of gravitational waves. In the author's typical style, the theoretical results are generally derived afresh, clarifying or streamlining the existing derivations whenever possible, and providing a coherent and consistent picture of the field. The first volume of Gravitational Waves , which appeared in 2007, has established itself as the standard reference in the field. The scientific community has eagerly awaited this second volume. The recent direct detection of gravitational waves makes the topics in this book particularly timely.
Book Synopsis Relativistic Cosmology by : George F. R. Ellis
Download or read book Relativistic Cosmology written by George F. R. Ellis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-03-22 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surveying key developments and open issues in cosmology for graduate students and researchers, this book focuses on the general concepts and relations that underpin the standard model of the Universe. It also examines anisotropic and inhomogeneous models, and deeper issues, such as quantum cosmology and the multiverse proposal.
Book Synopsis Lectures on Cosmology by : Georg Wolschin
Download or read book Lectures on Cosmology written by Georg Wolschin and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-03-10 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lectures that four authors present in this volume investigate core topics related to the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Accelerated expansion occured in the ?36 very early Universe – an exponential expansion in the in ationary period 10 s after the Big Bang. This well-established theoretical concept had rst been p- posed in 1980 by Alan Guth to account for the homogeneity and isotropy of the observable universe, and simultaneously by Alexei Starobinski, and has since then been developed by many authors in great theoretical detail. An accelerated expansion of the late Universe at redshifts z
Book Synopsis Sixth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, The: On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation And Relativistic Field Theories (In 2 Volumes) by : Humitaka Sato
Download or read book Sixth Marcel Grossmann Meeting, The: On Recent Developments In Theoretical And Experimental General Relativity, Gravitation And Relativistic Field Theories (In 2 Volumes) written by Humitaka Sato and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-01-08 with total page 1797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Marcel Grossmann Meetings have been conceived with the aim of reviewing recent advances in gravitation and general relativity, with particular emphasis on mathematical foundations and physical predictions. The overall programme includes the broad categories of mathematical techniques, cosmology, quantum gravity, astrophysics, gravitational radiation and experimental developments.The proceedings contain invited and contributed papers.
