Knowledge Representation And The Semantics Of Natural Language

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Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language

Author : Hermann Helbig
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540299661
Total Pages : 647 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language by : Hermann Helbig

Download or read book Knowledge Representation and the Semantics of Natural Language written by Hermann Helbig and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-27 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Language is not only the most important means of communication between human beings, it is also used over historical periods for the pres- vation of cultural achievements and their transmission from one generation to the other. During the last few decades, the ?ood of digitalized information has been growing tremendously. This tendency will continue with the globali- tion of information societies and with the growing importance of national and international computer networks. This is one reason why the theoretical und- standing and the automated treatment of communication processes based on natural language have such a decisive social and economic impact. In this c- text, the semantic representation of knowledge originally formulated in natural language plays a central part, because it connects all components of natural language processing systems, be they the automatic understanding of natural language (analysis), the rational reasoning over knowledge bases, or the g- eration of natural language expressions from formal representations. This book presents a method for the semantic representation of natural l- guage expressions (texts, sentences, phrases, etc. ) which can be used as a u- versal knowledge representation paradigm in the human sciences, like lingu- tics, cognitive psychology, or philosophy of language, as well as in com- tational linguistics and in arti?cial intelligence. It is also an attempt to close the gap between these disciplines, which to a large extent are still working separately.

Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation

Author : Łucja M. Iwańska
Publisher : AAAI Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation by : Łucja M. Iwańska

Download or read book Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Representation written by Łucja M. Iwańska and published by AAAI Press. This book was released on 2000-06-19 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Traditionally, knowledge representation and reasoning systems have incorporated natural language as interfaces to expert systems or knowledge bases that performed tasks separate from natural language processing. As this book shows, however, the computational nature of representation and inference in natural language makes it the ideal model for all tasks in an intelligent computer system. Natural language processing combines the qualitative characteristics of human knowledge processing with a computer's quantitative advantages, allowing for in-depth, systematic processing of vast amounts of information.

Understanding Meaning and Knowledge Representation

Author : Eva Mestre Mestre
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443887927
Total Pages : 395 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Meaning and Knowledge Representation by : Eva Mestre Mestre

Download or read book Understanding Meaning and Knowledge Representation written by Eva Mestre Mestre and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2016-01-14 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, there is a need to develop natural language processing (NLP) systems from deeper linguistic approaches. Although there are many NLP applications which can work without taking into account any linguistic theory, this type of system can only be described as “deceptively intelligent”. On the other hand, however, those computer programs requiring some language comprehension capability should be grounded in a robust linguistic model if they are to display the expected behaviour. The purpose of this book is to examine and discuss recent work in meaning and knowledge representation within theoretical linguistics and cognitive linguistics, particularly research which can be reused to model NLP applications.

Naive Semantics for Natural Language Understanding

Author : Kathleen Dahlgren
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146131075X
Total Pages : 261 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Naive Semantics for Natural Language Understanding by : Kathleen Dahlgren

Download or read book Naive Semantics for Natural Language Understanding written by Kathleen Dahlgren and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a theory, Naive Semantics (NS), a theory of the knowledge underlying natural language understanding. The basic assumption of NS is that knowing what a word means is not very different from knowing anything else, so that there is no difference in form of cognitive representation between lexical semantics and ency clopedic knowledge. NS represents word meanings as commonsense knowledge, and builds no special representation language (other than elements of first-order logic). The idea of teaching computers common sense knowledge originated with McCarthy and Hayes (1969), and has been extended by a number of researchers (Hobbs and Moore, 1985, Lenat et aI, 1986). Commonsense knowledge is a set of naive beliefs, at times vague and inaccurate, about the way the world is structured. Traditionally, word meanings have been viewed as criterial, as giving truth conditions for membership in the classes words name. The theory of NS, in identifying word meanings with commonsense knowledge, sees word meanings as typical descriptions of classes of objects, rather than as criterial descriptions. Therefore, reasoning with NS represen tations is probabilistic rather than monotonic. This book is divided into two parts. Part I elaborates the theory of Naive Semantics. Chapter 1 illustrates and justifies the theory. Chapter 2 details the representation of nouns in the theory, and Chapter 4 the verbs, originally published as "Commonsense Reasoning with Verbs" (McDowell and Dahlgren, 1987). Chapter 3 describes kind types, which are naive constraints on noun representations.

Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing

Author : Zhiyuan Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811555737
Total Pages : 319 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing by : Zhiyuan Liu

Download or read book Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing written by Zhiyuan Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-03 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms and applications for natural language processing (NLP). It is divided into three parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, phrases, sentences and documents. Part II then introduces the representation techniques for those objects that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, networks, and cross-modal entries. Lastly, Part III provides open resource tools for representation learning techniques, and discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing.

Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation

Author : Manfred Stede
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146155179X
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation by : Manfred Stede

Download or read book Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation written by Manfred Stede and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In knowledge-based natural language generation, issues of formal knowledge representation meet with the linguistic problems of choosing the most appropriate verbalization in a particular situation of utterance. Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation presents a new approach to systematically linking the realms of lexical semantics and knowledge represented in a description logic. For language generation from such abstract representations, lexicalization is taken as the central step: when choosing words that cover the various parts of the content representation, the principal decisions on conveying the intended meaning are made. A preference mechanism is used to construct the utterance that is best tailored to parameters representing the context. Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation develops the means for systematically deriving a set of paraphrases from the same underlying representation with the emphasis on events and verb meaning. Furthermore, the same mapping mechanism is used to achieve multilingual generation: English and German output are produced in parallel, on the basis of an adequate division between language-neutral and language-specific (lexical and grammatical) knowledge. Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation in Multilingual Text Generation provides detailed insights into designing the representations and organizing the generation process. Readers with a background in artificial intelligence, cognitive science, knowledge representation, linguistics, or natural language processing will find a model of language production that can be adapted to a variety of purposes.

Ontological Semantics

Author : Sergei Nirenburg
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262140867
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Ontological Semantics by : Sergei Nirenburg

Download or read book Ontological Semantics written by Sergei Nirenburg and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive theory-based approach to the treatment of text meaning in natural language processing applications.

Knowledge Representation and Metaphor

Author : E. Cornell Way
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401579415
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge Representation and Metaphor by : E. Cornell Way

Download or read book Knowledge Representation and Metaphor written by E. Cornell Way and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychol ogy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The problems posed by metaphor and analogy are among the most challenging that confront the field of knowledge representation. In this study, Eileen Way has drawn upon the combined resources of philosophy, psychology, and computer science in developing a systematic and illuminating theoretical framework for understanding metaphors and analogies. While her work provides solutions to difficult problems of knowledge representation, it goes much further by investigating some of the most important philosophical assumptions that prevail within artificial intelligence today. By exposing the limitations inherent in the assumption that languages are both literal and truth-functional, she has advanced our grasp of the nature of language itself. J.R.F.

Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation

Author : James Pustejovsky
Publisher : Berlin : Springer-Verlag
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation by : James Pustejovsky

Download or read book Lexical Semantics and Knowledge Representation written by James Pustejovsky and published by Berlin : Springer-Verlag. This book was released on 1992 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Recent work on formal methods in computational lexical semantics has had theeffect of bringing many linguistic formalisms much closer to the knowledge representation languages used in artificial intelligence. Formalisms are now emerging which may be more expressive and formally better understood than many knowledge representation languages. The interests of computational linguists now extend to include such domains as commonsense knowledge, inheritance, default reasoning, collocational relations, and even domain knowledge. With such an extension of the normal purview of "linguistic" knowledge, one may question whether there is any logical justification for distinguishing between lexical semantics and commonsense reasoning. This volume explores the question from several methodologicaland theoretical perspectives. What emerges is a clear consensus that the notion of the lexicon and lexical knowledge assumed in earlier linguistic research is grossly inadequate and fails to address the deeper semantic issues required for natural language analysis."--PUBLISHER'S WEBSITE.

The Semantic Representation of Natural Language

Author : Michael Levison
Publisher : A&C Black
ISBN 13 : 1441190732
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis The Semantic Representation of Natural Language by : Michael Levison

Download or read book The Semantic Representation of Natural Language written by Michael Levison and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a detailed, precise and clear semantic formalism designed to allow non-programmers such as linguists and literary specialists to represent elements of meaning which they must deal with in their research and teaching. At the same time, by its basis in a functional programming paradigm, it retains sufficient formal precision to support computational implementation. The formalism is designed to represent meaning as found at a variety of levels, including basic semantic units and relations, word meaning, sentence-level phenomena, and text-level meaning. By drawing on fundamental principles of program design, the proposed formalism is both easy to read and modify yet sufficiently powerful to allow for the representation of complex semantic phenomena. In this monograph, the authors introduce the formalism and show its basic structure, apply it to the analysis of the semantics of a variety of linguistic phenomena in both English and French, and use it to represent the semantics of a variety of texts ranging from single sentences, to textual excepts, to a full story.

Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems

Author : Mircea Gh. Negoita
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540232052
Total Pages : 962 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems by : Mircea Gh. Negoita

Download or read book Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems written by Mircea Gh. Negoita and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-09-20 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The three-volume set LNAI 3213, LNAI 3214, and LNAI 3215 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, KES 2004, held in Wellington, New Zealand in September 2004. The over 450 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers present a wealth of original research results from the field of intelligent information processing in the broadest sense; among the areas covered are artificial intelligence, computational intelligence, cognitive technologies, soft computing, data mining, knowledge processing, various new paradigms in biologically inspired computing, and applications in various domains like bioinformatics, finance, signal processing etc.

Handbook of Knowledge Representation

Author : Frank van Harmelen
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 9780080557021
Total Pages : 1034 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Knowledge Representation by : Frank van Harmelen

Download or read book Handbook of Knowledge Representation written by Frank van Harmelen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Knowledge Representation describes the essential foundations of Knowledge Representation, which lies at the core of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The book provides an up-to-date review of twenty-five key topics in knowledge representation, written by the leaders of each field. It includes a tutorial background and cutting-edge developments, as well as applications of Knowledge Representation in a variety of AI systems. This handbook is organized into three parts. Part I deals with general methods in Knowledge Representation and reasoning and covers such topics as classical logic in Knowledge Representation; satisfiability solvers; description logics; constraint programming; conceptual graphs; nonmonotonic reasoning; model-based problem solving; and Bayesian networks. Part II focuses on classes of knowledge and specialized representations, with chapters on temporal representation and reasoning; spatial and physical reasoning; reasoning about knowledge and belief; temporal action logics; and nonmonotonic causal logic. Part III discusses Knowledge Representation in applications such as question answering; the semantic web; automated planning; cognitive robotics; multi-agent systems; and knowledge engineering. This book is an essential resource for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in knowledge representation and AI. * Make your computer smarter * Handle qualitative and uncertain information * Improve computational tractability to solve your problems easily

Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing

Author : Zhiyuan Liu
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819916003
Total Pages : 535 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing by : Zhiyuan Liu

Download or read book Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing written by Zhiyuan Liu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-23 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms, and applications for natural language processing (NLP), ranging from word embeddings to pre-trained language models. It is divided into four parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, sentences and documents, as well as pre-training techniques. Part II then introduces the related representation techniques to NLP, including graphs, cross-modal entries, and robustness. Part III then introduces the representation techniques for the knowledge that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, legal domain knowledge and biomedical domain knowledge. Lastly, Part IV discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing. As compared to the first edition, the second edition (1) provides a more detailed introduction to representation learning in Chapter 1; (2) adds four new chapters to introduce pre-trained language models, robust representation learning, legal knowledge representation learning and biomedical knowledge representation learning; (3) updates recent advances in representation learning in all chapters; and (4) corrects some errors in the first edition. The new contents will be approximately 50%+ compared to the first edition. This is an open access book.

Approaches to Knowledge Representation

Author : Gordon A. Ringland
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Approaches to Knowledge Representation by : Gordon A. Ringland

Download or read book Approaches to Knowledge Representation written by Gordon A. Ringland and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1988 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Semantic Processing for Finite Domains

Author : Martha Stone Palmer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521362269
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Semantic Processing for Finite Domains by : Martha Stone Palmer

Download or read book Semantic Processing for Finite Domains written by Martha Stone Palmer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-09-28 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary problem in the area of natural language processing has been semantic analysis. This book looks at the semantics of natural languages in context. It presents an approach to the computational processing of English text that combines current theories of knowledge representation and reasoning in Artificial Intelligence with the latest linguistic views of lexical semantics. The book will interest postgraduates and researchers in computational linguistics as well as industrial research groups specializing in natural language processing.

Representation and Processing of Natural Language

Author : Leonard Bolc
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Representation and Processing of Natural Language by : Leonard Bolc

Download or read book Representation and Processing of Natural Language written by Leonard Bolc and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Principles of Semantic Networks

Author : John F. Sowa
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 1483221148
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Semantic Networks by : John F. Sowa

Download or read book Principles of Semantic Networks written by John F. Sowa and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the Representation of Knowledge provides information pertinent to the theory and applications of semantic networks. This book deals with issues in knowledge representation, which discusses theoretical topics independent of particular implementations. Organized into three parts encompassing 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of semantic network structure for representing knowledge as a pattern of interconnected nodes and arcs. This text then analyzes the concepts of subsumption and taxonomy and synthesizes a framework that integrates many previous approaches and goes beyond them to provide an account of abstract and partially defines concepts. Other chapters consider formal analyses, which treat the methods of reasoning with semantic networks and their computational complexity. This book discusses as well encoding linguistic knowledge. The final chapter deals with a formal approach to knowledge representation that builds on ideas originating outside the artificial intelligence literature in research on foundations for programming languages. This book is a valuable resource for mathematicians.