In Situ X Ray Tomographic Study Of Materials

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In-Situ X-Ray Tomographic Study of Materials

Author : Eric Maire
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783039365302
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (653 download)

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Book Synopsis In-Situ X-Ray Tomographic Study of Materials by : Eric Maire

Download or read book In-Situ X-Ray Tomographic Study of Materials written by Eric Maire and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the exciting possibilities being opened up by X-ray computed tomography (CT) to follow the behavior of materials under conditions as close as possible to those encountered during their manufacture or in operation.The scientific chapters selected for this book describe results obtained using synchrotron or laboratory devices during in situ or ex situ experiments. They characterize microstructures across length scales ranging from tens of nanometers to a few tens of micrometers.In this collection, X-ray CT shines a light on the mechanical properties of engineering materials, such as aluminum or magnesium alloys, stainless steel, aluminum, polymer composites, or ceramic foam. In these experiments, X-ray CT is able to image and quantify the damage occurring during tensile, compression, indentation, or fatigue tests.Of course, X-ray CT can illuminate the structure and behavior of natural materials too. Here it is applied to bone or natural snow to study their mechanical behavior, as well as materials from the agri-food sector. Its versatility is exemplified by analyses of topics as diverse as the removal of olive oil from kitchen sponges by squeezing and rinsing, to the effect of temperature changes on the structure of ice cream.

Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials

Author : Jacques Desrues
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470394846
Total Pages : 454 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials by : Jacques Desrues

Download or read book Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials written by Jacques Desrues and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a total of 48 contributions (including 5 keynote papers) which were presented at the 2nd International Workshop on the Application of X-ray CT for Geomaterials (GeoX 2006) held in Aussois, France, on 4-7 October, 2006. The contributions cover a wide range of topics, from fundamental characterization of material behavior to applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. Recent advances of X-ray technology, hardware and software are also discussed. As such, this will be valuable reading for anyone interested in the application of X-ray CT to geomaterials from both fundamental and applied perspectives.

Materials Discovery and Design

Author : Turab Lookman
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319994654
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials Discovery and Design by : Turab Lookman

Download or read book Materials Discovery and Design written by Turab Lookman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-22 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the current status, challenges and future directions of data-driven materials discovery and design. It presents the analysis and learning from data as a key theme in many science and cyber related applications. The challenging open questions as well as future directions in the application of data science to materials problems are sketched. Computational and experimental facilities today generate vast amounts of data at an unprecedented rate. The book gives guidance to discover new knowledge that enables materials innovation to address grand challenges in energy, environment and security, the clearer link needed between the data from these facilities and the theory and underlying science. The role of inference and optimization methods in distilling the data and constraining predictions using insights and results from theory is key to achieving the desired goals of real time analysis and feedback. Thus, the importance of this book lies in emphasizing that the full value of knowledge driven discovery using data can only be realized by integrating statistical and information sciences with materials science, which is increasingly dependent on high throughput and large scale computational and experimental data gathering efforts. This is especially the case as we enter a new era of big data in materials science with the planning of future experimental facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source at Stanford (LCLS-II), the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EXFEL) and MaRIE (Matter Radiation in Extremes), the signature concept facility from Los Alamos National Laboratory. These facilities are expected to generate hundreds of terabytes to several petabytes of in situ spatially and temporally resolved data per sample. The questions that then arise include how we can learn from the data to accelerate the processing and analysis of reconstructed microstructure, rapidly map spatially resolved properties from high throughput data, devise diagnostics for pattern detection, and guide experiments towards desired targeted properties. The authors are an interdisciplinary group of leading experts who bring the excitement of the nascent and rapidly emerging field of materials informatics to the reader.

Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences

Author : Florias Mees
Publisher : Geological Society of London
ISBN 13 : 9781862391390
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (913 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences by : Florias Mees

Download or read book Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences written by Florias Mees and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2003 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a technique that allows non-destructive imaging and quantification of internal features of objects. X-ray CT reveals differences in density and atomic composition and can therefore be used for the study of porosity, the relative distribution of contrasting solid phases and the penetration of injected solutions. In this book, various applications of X-ray CT in the geosciences are illustrated by papers covering a wide range of disciplines, including petrology, soil science, petroleum geology, geomechanics and sedimentology.

X-ray Tomography in Material Science

Author : José Baruchel
Publisher : Hermes Science Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis X-ray Tomography in Material Science by : José Baruchel

Download or read book X-ray Tomography in Material Science written by José Baruchel and published by Hermes Science Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How materials behave under different conditions is key information for structural and mechanical engineers. The authors of this book show how X-Ray tomography can be used as a very powerful tool to investigate the microstructure and behavior of structural materials such as A1 and Ti based metal matrix composites, aluminum alloys and foams. The authors describe the technique and introduce the algorithms used for the reconstruction of the 3-D numerical images and illustrate the use of both synchrotron and X-Ray sources.

Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers

Author : Eberhard J. Jaeschke
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319143934
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (439 download)

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Book Synopsis Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers by : Eberhard J. Jaeschke

Download or read book Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers written by Eberhard J. Jaeschke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.

Computed Tomography

Author : Jiang Hsieh
Publisher : Society of Photo Optical
ISBN 13 : 9780819475336
Total Pages : 556 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (753 download)

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Book Synopsis Computed Tomography by : Jiang Hsieh

Download or read book Computed Tomography written by Jiang Hsieh and published by Society of Photo Optical. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 556 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography (CT) continues to experience rapid growth, both in basic technology and new clinical applications. Seven years after its first edition, Computed Tomography: Principles, Design, Artifacts, and Recent Advancements, Second Edition, provides an overview of the evolution of CT, the mathematical and physical aspects of the technology, and the fundamentals of image reconstruction algorithms. Image display is examined from traditional methods used through the most recent advancements. Key performance indices, theories behind the measurement methodologies, and different measurement phantoms in image quality are discussed. The CT scanner is broken down into components to provide the reader with an understanding of their function, their latest advances, and their impact on the CT system. General descriptions and different categories of artifacts, their causes, and their corrections are considered at length. Given the high visibility and public awareness of the impact of x-ray radiation, the second edition features a new chapter on x-ray dose and presents different dose reduction techniques ranging from patient handling, optimal data acquisition, image reconstruction, and post-process. Based on the advancements over the past five years, the second edition added new sections on cone beam reconstruction algorithms, nonconventional helical acquisition and reconstruction, new reconstruction approaches, and dual-energy CT. Finally, new to this edition is a set of problems for each chapter, providing opportunities to enhance reader comprehension and practice the application of covered material.

Handbook of Alkali-Activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes

Author : F. Pacheco-Torgal
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1782422889
Total Pages : 855 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Alkali-Activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes by : F. Pacheco-Torgal

Download or read book Handbook of Alkali-Activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes written by F. Pacheco-Torgal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 855 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on new developments in alkali-activation. The main binder of concrete, Portland cement, represents almost 80% of the total CO2 emissions of concrete which are about 6 to 7% of the Planet's total CO2 emissions. This is particularly serious in the current context of climate change and it could get even worse because the demand for Portland cement is expected to increase by almost 200% by 2050 from 2010 levels, reaching 6000 million tons/year. Alkali-activated binders represent an alternative to Portland cement having higher durability and a lower CO2 footprint. - Reviews the chemistry, mix design, manufacture and properties of alkali-activated cement-based concrete binders - Considers performance in adverse environmental conditions. - Offers equal emphasis on the science behind the technology and its use in civil engineering.

Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science

Author : Chunhai Fan
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527339868
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science by : Chunhai Fan

Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science written by Chunhai Fan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meeting the long-felt need for in-depth information on one of the most advanced material characterization methods, a top team of editors and authors from highly prestigious facilities and institutions covers a range of synchrotron techniques that have proven useful for materials research. Following an introduction to synchrotron radiation and its sources, the second part goes on to describe the various techniques that benefit from this especially bright light, including X-ray absorption, diffraction, scattering, imaging, and lithography. The thrid and final part provides an overview of the applications of synchrotron radiation in materials science. bridging the gap between specialists in synchrotron research and material scientists, this is a unique and indispensable resource for academic and industrial researchers alike.

MicroComputed Tomography

Author : Stuart R. Stock
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420058770
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis MicroComputed Tomography by : Stuart R. Stock

Download or read book MicroComputed Tomography written by Stuart R. Stock and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2008-12-23 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the availability of commercial laboratory systems and the emergence of user facilities at synchrotron radiation sources, studies of microcomputed tomography or microCT have increased exponentially. MicroComputed Technology provides a complete introduction to the technology, describing how to use it effectively and understand its results. The first part of the book focuses on methodology, covering experimental methods, data analysis, and visualization approaches. The second part addresses various microCT applications, including porous solids, microstructural evolution, soft tissue studies, multimode studies, and indirect analyses. The author presents a sufficient amount of fundamental material so that those new to the field can develop a relative understanding of how to design their own microCT studies. One of the first full-length references dedicated to microCT, this book provides an accessible introduction to field, supplemented with application examples and color images.

Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography

Author : Simone Carmignato
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319595733
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography by : Simone Carmignato

Download or read book Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography written by Simone Carmignato and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography has been used for several decades as a tool for measuring the three-dimensional geometry of the internal organs in medicine. However, in recent years, we have seen a move in manufacturing industries for the use of X-ray computed tomography; first to give qualitative information about the internal geometry and defects in a component, and more recently, as a fully-quantitative technique for dimensional and materials analysis. This trend is primarily due to the ability of X-ray computed tomography to give a high-density and multi-scale representation of both the external and internal geometry of a component, in a non-destructive, non-contact and relatively fast way. But, due to the complexity of X-ray computed tomography, there are remaining metrological issues to solve and the specification standards are still under development. This book will act as a one-stop-shop resource for students and users of X-ray computed tomography in both academia and industry. It presents the fundamental principles of the technique, detailed descriptions of the various components (hardware and software), current developments in calibration and performance verification and a wealth of example applications. The book will also highlight where there is still work to do, in the perspective that X-ray computed tomography will be an essential part of Industry 4.0.

MicroComputed Tomography

Author : Stuart R. Stock
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351835076
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis MicroComputed Tomography by : Stuart R. Stock

Download or read book MicroComputed Tomography written by Stuart R. Stock and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the availability of commercial laboratory systems and the emergence of user facilities at synchrotron radiation sources, studies of microcomputed tomography or microCT have increased exponentially. MicroComputed Technology provides a complete introduction to the technology, describing how to use it effectively and understand its results. The first part of the book focuses on methodology, covering experimental methods, data analysis, and visualization approaches. The second part addresses various microCT applications, including porous solids, microstructural evolution, soft tissue studies, multimode studies, and indirect analyses. The author presents a sufficient amount of fundamental material so that those new to the field can develop a relative understanding of how to design their own microCT studies. One of the first full-length references dedicated to microCT, this book provides an accessible introduction to field, supplemented with application examples and color images.

X-rays for Archaeology

Author : M. Uda
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402035807
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (358 download)

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Book Synopsis X-rays for Archaeology by : M. Uda

Download or read book X-rays for Archaeology written by M. Uda and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-10 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of X-rays to objects of archaeology and insights into construction and chemical composition in a non-destructive manner date back to the discovery of radiation. This book contains measurement data taken with portable XRF and XRD, and data taken with accelerating ion beams and synchrotron radiations, and with their explanation.

Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass

Author : Koen H. A. Janssens
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470516143
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass by : Koen H. A. Janssens

Download or read book Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass written by Koen H. A. Janssens and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first scientific volume to compile the modern analytical techniques for glass analysis, Modern Methods for Analysing Archaeological and Historical Glass presents an up-to-date description of the physico-chemical methods suitable for determining the composition of glass and for speciation of specific components. This unique resource presents members of Association Internationale pour l'Histoire du Verre, as well as university scholars, with a number of case studies where the effective use of one or more of these methods for elucidating a particular culturo-historical or historo-technical aspect of glass manufacturing technology is documented.

Roots

Author : Jun J. Abe
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401729239
Total Pages : 444 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Roots by : Jun J. Abe

Download or read book Roots written by Jun J. Abe and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The root is the organ that functions as the interface between the plant and the earth environment. Many human management practices involving crops, forests and natural vegetation also affect plant growth through the soil and roots. Understanding the morphology and function of roots from the cellular level to the level of the whole root system is required for both plant production and environmental protection. This book is at the forefront of plant root science (rhizology), catering to professional plant scientists and graduate students. It covers root development, stress physiology, ecology, and associations with microorganisms. The chapters are selected papers originally presented at the 6th Symposium of the International Society of Root Research, where plant biologists, ecologists, soil microbiologists, crop scientists, forestry scientists, and environmental scientists, among others, gathered to discuss current research results and to establish rhizology as a newly integrated research area.

X-Ray CT

Author : Hiroyuki Toda
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811605904
Total Pages : 549 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (116 download)

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Book Synopsis X-Ray CT by : Hiroyuki Toda

Download or read book X-Ray CT written by Hiroyuki Toda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides easy-to-understand explanations to systematically and comprehensively describe the X-ray CT technologies, techniques, and skills used for industrial and scientific purposes. Included are many references along with photographs, figures, and equations prepared by the author. These features all facilitate the reader's gaining a deeper understanding of the topics being discussed. The book presents expertise not only on fundamentals but also about hardware, software, and analytical methods for the benefit of technical users. The book targets engineers, researchers, and students who are involved in research, development, design, and quality assurance in industry and academia.

Xray CT for Geomaterials

Author : Jun Otani
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781439834299
Total Pages : 402 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (342 download)

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Book Synopsis Xray CT for Geomaterials by : Jun Otani

Download or read book Xray CT for Geomaterials written by Jun Otani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanning has been widely used for medical diagnosis. This technique is now attracting increasing interest as a tool in non-destructive testing in engineering. This book reports the early results of research into this application, with particular reference to deformation and failure of geomaterials. Presenting papers of the International Workshop on X-CT for Geomaterials at Kumamoto, Japan in 2003. The book is intended for researchers and professionals in the fields of geotechnical engineering, soil, rock and concrete engineering, and geology.