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In Situ X Ray Tomographic Study Of Materials
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Book Synopsis In-Situ X-Ray Tomographic Study of Materials by : Eric Maire
Download or read book In-Situ X-Ray Tomographic Study of Materials written by Eric Maire and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the exciting possibilities being opened up by X-ray computed tomography (CT) to follow the behavior of materials under conditions as close as possible to those encountered during their manufacture or in operation.The scientific chapters selected for this book describe results obtained using synchrotron or laboratory devices during in situ or ex situ experiments. They characterize microstructures across length scales ranging from tens of nanometers to a few tens of micrometers.In this collection, X-ray CT shines a light on the mechanical properties of engineering materials, such as aluminum or magnesium alloys, stainless steel, aluminum, polymer composites, or ceramic foam. In these experiments, X-ray CT is able to image and quantify the damage occurring during tensile, compression, indentation, or fatigue tests.Of course, X-ray CT can illuminate the structure and behavior of natural materials too. Here it is applied to bone or natural snow to study their mechanical behavior, as well as materials from the agri-food sector. Its versatility is exemplified by analyses of topics as diverse as the removal of olive oil from kitchen sponges by squeezing and rinsing, to the effect of temperature changes on the structure of ice cream.
Book Synopsis Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials by : Jacques Desrues
Download or read book Advances in X-ray Tomography for Geomaterials written by Jacques Desrues and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-01-05 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together a total of 48 contributions (including 5 keynote papers) which were presented at the 2nd International Workshop on the Application of X-ray CT for Geomaterials (GeoX 2006) held in Aussois, France, on 4-7 October, 2006. The contributions cover a wide range of topics, from fundamental characterization of material behavior to applications in geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering. Recent advances of X-ray technology, hardware and software are also discussed. As such, this will be valuable reading for anyone interested in the application of X-ray CT to geomaterials from both fundamental and applied perspectives.
Book Synopsis Materials Discovery and Design by : Turab Lookman
Download or read book Materials Discovery and Design written by Turab Lookman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-22 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the current status, challenges and future directions of data-driven materials discovery and design. It presents the analysis and learning from data as a key theme in many science and cyber related applications. The challenging open questions as well as future directions in the application of data science to materials problems are sketched. Computational and experimental facilities today generate vast amounts of data at an unprecedented rate. The book gives guidance to discover new knowledge that enables materials innovation to address grand challenges in energy, environment and security, the clearer link needed between the data from these facilities and the theory and underlying science. The role of inference and optimization methods in distilling the data and constraining predictions using insights and results from theory is key to achieving the desired goals of real time analysis and feedback. Thus, the importance of this book lies in emphasizing that the full value of knowledge driven discovery using data can only be realized by integrating statistical and information sciences with materials science, which is increasingly dependent on high throughput and large scale computational and experimental data gathering efforts. This is especially the case as we enter a new era of big data in materials science with the planning of future experimental facilities such as the Linac Coherent Light Source at Stanford (LCLS-II), the European X-ray Free Electron Laser (EXFEL) and MaRIE (Matter Radiation in Extremes), the signature concept facility from Los Alamos National Laboratory. These facilities are expected to generate hundreds of terabytes to several petabytes of in situ spatially and temporally resolved data per sample. The questions that then arise include how we can learn from the data to accelerate the processing and analysis of reconstructed microstructure, rapidly map spatially resolved properties from high throughput data, devise diagnostics for pattern detection, and guide experiments towards desired targeted properties. The authors are an interdisciplinary group of leading experts who bring the excitement of the nascent and rapidly emerging field of materials informatics to the reader.
Download or read book X-Ray CT written by Hiroyuki Toda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-09 with total page 549 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides easy-to-understand explanations to systematically and comprehensively describe the X-ray CT technologies, techniques, and skills used for industrial and scientific purposes. Included are many references along with photographs, figures, and equations prepared by the author. These features all facilitate the reader's gaining a deeper understanding of the topics being discussed. The book presents expertise not only on fundamentals but also about hardware, software, and analytical methods for the benefit of technical users. The book targets engineers, researchers, and students who are involved in research, development, design, and quality assurance in industry and academia.
Book Synopsis Fatigue of Materials II by : T.S. Srivatsan
Download or read book Fatigue of Materials II written by T.S. Srivatsan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-06 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this collection cover a diverse range of topics on the topic of fatigue of materials. The editors have grouped the papers into five sections. Sections 1 and 2 contain papers that (i) review the current state of knowledge both related and relevant to the subject of fatigue behavior of materials, and (ii) present new, innovative, and emerging techniques for experimental evaluation of the fatigue behavior. Sections 3 and 4 focus on advanced materials that are used in performance-critical applications in the aerospace and automotive industries, such as the alloys of titanium, nickel, aluminum, and magnesium. Section 5 presents papers relating to other materials of engineering interest, such as iron and steel, polymer, rubber, and composites.
Book Synopsis X-ray Tomography in Material Science by : José Baruchel
Download or read book X-ray Tomography in Material Science written by José Baruchel and published by Hermes Science Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How materials behave under different conditions is key information for structural and mechanical engineers. The authors of this book show how X-Ray tomography can be used as a very powerful tool to investigate the microstructure and behavior of structural materials such as A1 and Ti based metal matrix composites, aluminum alloys and foams. The authors describe the technique and introduce the algorithms used for the reconstruction of the 3-D numerical images and illustrate the use of both synchrotron and X-Ray sources.
Book Synopsis Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences by : Florias Mees
Download or read book Applications of X-ray Computed Tomography in the Geosciences written by Florias Mees and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 2003 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography (CT) is a technique that allows non-destructive imaging and quantification of internal features of objects. X-ray CT reveals differences in density and atomic composition and can therefore be used for the study of porosity, the relative distribution of contrasting solid phases and the penetration of injected solutions. In this book, various applications of X-ray CT in the geosciences are illustrated by papers covering a wide range of disciplines, including petrology, soil science, petroleum geology, geomechanics and sedimentology.
Book Synopsis Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers by : Eberhard J. Jaeschke
Download or read book Synchrotron Light Sources and Free-Electron Lasers written by Eberhard J. Jaeschke and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hardly any other discovery of the nineteenth century did have such an impact on science and technology as Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen’s seminal find of the X-rays. X-ray tubes soon made their way as excellent instruments for numerous applications in medicine, biology, materials science and testing, chemistry and public security. Developing new radiation sources with higher brilliance and much extended spectral range resulted in stunning developments like the electron synchrotron and electron storage ring and the freeelectron laser. This handbook highlights these developments in fifty chapters. The reader is given not only an inside view of exciting science areas but also of design concepts for the most advanced light sources. The theory of synchrotron radiation and of the freeelectron laser, design examples and the technology basis are presented. The handbook presents advanced concepts like seeding and harmonic generation, the booming field of Terahertz radiation sources and upcoming brilliant light sources driven by laser-plasma accelerators. The applications of the most advanced light sources and the advent of nanobeams and fully coherent x-rays allow experiments from which scientists in the past could not even dream. Examples are the diffraction with nanometer resolution, imaging with a full 3D reconstruction of the object from a diffraction pattern, measuring the disorder in liquids with high spatial and temporal resolution. The 20th century was dedicated to the development and improvement of synchrotron light sources with an ever ongoing increase of brilliance. With ultrahigh brilliance sources, the 21st century will be the century of x-ray lasers and their applications. Thus, we are already close to the dream of condensed matter and biophysics: imaging single (macro)molecules and measuring their dynamics on the femtosecond timescale to produce movies with atomic resolution.
Book Synopsis Antimicrobial and Antiviral Materials by : Peerawatt Nunthavarawong
Download or read book Antimicrobial and Antiviral Materials written by Peerawatt Nunthavarawong and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-05-19 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emerging microbial and viral infections are a serious challenge to health, safety, and economics around the world. Antimicrobial and antiviral technologies are needed to disrupt the progression and replication of bacteria and viruses and to counter their rapidly evolving resistance. This book discusses recent developments in materials science and engineering in combating infectious diseases and explores advances in antimicrobial and antiviral materials, including polymers, metals, and ceramics and their applications in the fight against pathogens. Features • Covers progress in biomimetic antimicrobial and antiviral materials and antimicrobial/antiviral bulk materials and coatings • Describes modern methods for disinfection of biomedical materials against microbial and viral infection resistance, especially for depressing novel coronavirus (COVID-19) • Details methods to improve material properties to have a longer service life in combating infection • Emphasizes chemical, physical, mechanical, tribological, and antimicrobial/antiviral properties • Offers current and future applications of emerging antimicrobial/antiviral technologies This book will be of interest to materials researchers and industry professionals focusing on antimicrobial and antiviral applications.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Alkali-Activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes by : Fernando Pacheco-Torgal
Download or read book Handbook of Alkali-Activated Cements, Mortars and Concretes written by Fernando Pacheco-Torgal and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-11-20 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an updated state-of-the-art review on new developments in alkali-activation. The main binder of concrete, Portland cement, represents almost 80% of the total CO2 emissions of concrete which are about 6 to 7% of the Planet’s total CO2 emissions. This is particularly serious in the current context of climate change and it could get even worse because the demand for Portland cement is expected to increase by almost 200% by 2050 from 2010 levels, reaching 6000 million tons/year. Alkali-activated binders represent an alternative to Portland cement having higher durability and a lower CO2 footprint. Reviews the chemistry, mix design, manufacture and properties of alkali-activated cement-based concrete binders Considers performance in adverse environmental conditions. Offers equal emphasis on the science behind the technology and its use in civil engineering.
Book Synopsis MicroComputed Tomography by : Stuart R. Stock
Download or read book MicroComputed Tomography written by Stuart R. Stock and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-20 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MicroComputed Tomography has become the gold standard for studying 3D microscopic structures nondestructively, and this book provides up-to-date coverage of the modality. The first part of the book focuses on methodology, covering experimental methods, data analysis, and visualization approaches. Emphasis is on fundamentals so that those new to the field can design their own effective microCT studies. The second part addresses various microCT applications, organized by type of microstructure so that the reader can appreciate approaches from other disciplines. The applications include porous solids, microstructural evolution, soft tissue studies, applications using x-ray phase contrast or x-ray scattering contrast, and multimode studies.
Book Synopsis Advanced Tomographic Methods in Materials Research and Engineering by : John Banhart
Download or read book Advanced Tomographic Methods in Materials Research and Engineering written by John Banhart and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-03-20 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tomography provides three-dimensional images of heterogeneous materials or engineering components, and offers an unprecedented insight into their internal structure. By using X-rays generated by synchrotrons, neutrons from nuclear reactors, or electrons provided by transmission electron microscopes, hitherto invisible structures can be revealed which are not accessible to conventional tomography based on X-ray tubes. This book is mainly written for applied physicists, materials scientists and engineers. It provides detailed descriptions of the recent developments in this field, especially the extension of tomography to materials research and engineering. The book is grouped into four parts: a general introduction into the principles of tomography, image analysis and the interactions between radiation and matter, and one part each for synchrotron X-ray tomography, neutron tomography, and electron tomography. Within these parts, individual chapters written by different authors describe important versions of tomography, and also provide examples of applications to demonstrate the capacity of the methods. The accompanying CD-ROM contains some typical data sets and programs to reconstruct, analyse and visualise the three-dimensional data.
Book Synopsis Static and Dynamic High Pressure Mineral Physics by : Yingwei Fei
Download or read book Static and Dynamic High Pressure Mineral Physics written by Yingwei Fei and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-11-24 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High pressure mineral physics is a field that has shaped our understanding of deep planetary interiors and revealed new material phenomena occurring at extreme conditions. Comprised of sixteen chapters written by well-established experts, this book covers recent advances in static and dynamic compression techniques and enhanced diagnostic capabilities, including synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction, spectroscopic measurements, in situ X-ray diffraction under dynamic loading, and multigrain crystallography at megabar pressures. Applications range from measuring equations of state, elasticity, and deformation of materials at high pressure, to high pressure synthesis, thermochemistry of high pressure phases, and new molecular compounds and superconductivity under extreme conditions. This book also introduces experimental geochemistry in the laser-heated diamond-anvil cell enabled by the focused ion beam technique for sample recovery and quantitative chemical analysis at submicron scale. Each chapter ends with an insightful perspective of future directions, making it an invaluable source for graduate students and researchers.
Book Synopsis Xray CT for Geomaterials by : Jun Otani
Download or read book Xray CT for Geomaterials written by Jun Otani and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-10-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) scanning has been widely used for medical diagnosis. This technique is now attracting increasing interest as a tool in non-destructive testing in engineering. This book reports the early results of research into this application, with particular reference to deformation and failure of geomaterials. Presenting papers of the International Workshop on X-CT for Geomaterials at Kumamoto, Japan in 2003. The book is intended for researchers and professionals in the fields of geotechnical engineering, soil, rock and concrete engineering, and geology.
Book Synopsis Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science by : Chunhai Fan
Download or read book Synchrotron Radiation in Materials Science written by Chunhai Fan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-29 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Meeting the long-felt need for in-depth information on one of the most advanced material characterization methods, a top team of editors and authors from highly prestigious facilities and institutions covers a range of synchrotron techniques that have proven useful for materials research. Following an introduction to synchrotron radiation and its sources, the second part goes on to describe the various techniques that benefit from this especially bright light, including X-ray absorption, diffraction, scattering, imaging, and lithography. The thrid and final part provides an overview of the applications of synchrotron radiation in materials science. bridging the gap between specialists in synchrotron research and material scientists, this is a unique and indispensable resource for academic and industrial researchers alike.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography by : Simone Carmignato
Download or read book Industrial X-Ray Computed Tomography written by Simone Carmignato and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: X-ray computed tomography has been used for several decades as a tool for measuring the three-dimensional geometry of the internal organs in medicine. However, in recent years, we have seen a move in manufacturing industries for the use of X-ray computed tomography; first to give qualitative information about the internal geometry and defects in a component, and more recently, as a fully-quantitative technique for dimensional and materials analysis. This trend is primarily due to the ability of X-ray computed tomography to give a high-density and multi-scale representation of both the external and internal geometry of a component, in a non-destructive, non-contact and relatively fast way. But, due to the complexity of X-ray computed tomography, there are remaining metrological issues to solve and the specification standards are still under development. This book will act as a one-stop-shop resource for students and users of X-ray computed tomography in both academia and industry. It presents the fundamental principles of the technique, detailed descriptions of the various components (hardware and software), current developments in calibration and performance verification and a wealth of example applications. The book will also highlight where there is still work to do, in the perspective that X-ray computed tomography will be an essential part of Industry 4.0.
