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Geographic Variation In Behavior
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Book Synopsis Geographic Variation in Behavior by : Susan A. Foster
Download or read book Geographic Variation in Behavior written by Susan A. Foster and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1999-03-04 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of animal behavior often assume that all members of a species exhibit the same behavior. Geographic Variation in Behavior shows that, on the contrary, there is substantional variation within species across a wide range of taxa. Including work from pioneers in the field, this volume provides a balanced overview of research on behavioral characteristics that vary geographically. The authors explore the mechanisms by which behavioral differences evolve and examine related methodological issues. Taken together, the work collected here demonstrates that genetically based geographic variation may be far more widespread than previously suspected. The book also shows how variation in behavior can illuminate both behavioral evolution and general evolutionary patterns. Unique among books on behavior in its emphasis on geographic variation, this volume is a valuable new resource for students and researchers in animal behavior and evolutionary biology.
Download or read book Orangutans written by Serge A. Wich and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2010-01-07 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes one of our closest relatives, the orangutan, and the only extant great ape in Asia. It is increasingly clear that orangutan populations show extensive variation in behavioural ecology, morphology, life history, and genes. Indeed, on the strength of the latest genetic and morphological evidence, it has been proposed that orangutans actually constitute two species which diverged more than a million years ago - one on the island of Sumatra the other on Borneo, with the latter comprising three subspecies. This book has two main aims. The first is to carefully compare data from every orangutan research site, examining the differences and similarities between orangutan species, subspecies and populations. The second is to develop a theoretical framework in which these differences and similarities can be explained. To achieve these goals the editors have assembled the world's leading orangutan experts to rigorously synthesize and compare the data, quantify the similarities or differences, and seek to explain them. Orangutans is the first synthesis of orangutan biology to adopt this novel, comparative approach. It analyses and compares the latest data, developing a theoretical framework to explain morphological, life history, and behavioural variation. Intriguingly, not all behavioural differences can be attributed to ecological variation between and within the two islands; relative rates of social learning also appear to have been influential. The book also emphasizes the crucial impact of human settlement on orangutans and looks ahead to the future prospects for the survival of critically endangered natural populations.
Book Synopsis Geographical Psychology by : Peter J. Rentfrow
Download or read book Geographical Psychology written by Peter J. Rentfrow and published by Amer Psychological Assn. This book was released on 2014 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume attempts to make the case that our understanding of psychological phenomena can be greatly informed by a geographical perspective--one that explores the spatial organization of psychological phenomena and considers how individual characteristics, social entities, and physical features of the environment contribute to their organization. The chapters in the book highlight the ways in which social and physical features of the environment, such as local demography, political and economic institutions, topography, and climate, influence and interact with psychological processes. The perspectives described herein complement and extend theory and research in several areas of psychology, including social, personality, cultural, environmental, evolutionary, and comparative. By bringing together streams of research at the intersection of geographical psychology, I have tried to show how widely studied psychological constructs relate to and are influenced by broad social, ecological, economic, and political forces. At the same time, this research demonstrates the relevance of psychology for understanding macro-level processes. Ultimately, this book is designed to inform researchers about the value of examining psychological phenomena and their spatial components"--Introduction. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved).
Book Synopsis Geographic Variation in Social Behavior and in Adaptations to Competition Among Andean Birds by : M. Moynihan
Download or read book Geographic Variation in Social Behavior and in Adaptations to Competition Among Andean Birds written by M. Moynihan and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Geographic Variation, Speciation, and Clines by : John A. Endler
Download or read book Geographic Variation, Speciation, and Clines written by John A. Endler and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1977-09-21 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following a review of the diverse and scattered literature on gene flow and population differentiation, the author discusses the relationships among gene flow, dispersal, and migration. He then summarizes the factors which limit the geographic extent of gene flow, and those which allow steep clines to develop in the absence of barriers to gene flow. His analysis draws on examples from the field, experiments, and single- and multiple-locus models.
Book Synopsis Phylogenies and the Comparative Method in Animal Behavior by : Emília P. Martins
Download or read book Phylogenies and the Comparative Method in Animal Behavior written by Emília P. Martins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1996 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last ten years, the "comparative method" has been revolutionized by modern statistical ways of incorporating phylogenies into the design and analysis of comparative studies. The results of this revolution are particularly important in the study of animal behavior, which has relied on interspecific comparisons to infer universal trends and evolutionary patterns. The chapters of this edited volume consider the impact of modern phylogenetic comparative methods on the study of animal behavior and discuss the main issues that need to be considered in design and analysis of a comparative study, considers possible differences between the evolution of behavior and the evolution of morphology, and reviews how phylogenetic comparative studies have been used in certain areas of behavioral research.
Book Synopsis Geographic Variation in Social Behavior and in Adaptations to Competition Among Andean Birds by : Martin Moynihan
Download or read book Geographic Variation in Social Behavior and in Adaptations to Competition Among Andean Birds written by Martin Moynihan and published by . This book was released on 1979-01-01 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :Milton Davis Huettel Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780306424885 Total Pages :354 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (248 download)
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Genetics of Invertebrate Behavior by : Milton Davis Huettel
Download or read book Evolutionary Genetics of Invertebrate Behavior written by Milton Davis Huettel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1986 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the preface to Sir Vincent B. Wigglesworth's classic 1939 book on insect physiology he asserted that insects provide an ideal medium in which to study all the problems of physiology. A strong case can be made as well for the use of insects as significant systems for the study of behavior and genetics. Contributions to genetics through decades of research on Drosophila species have made this small fly the most important metazoan in genetics research. At the same time, population and behavioral research on insects and other invertebrates have provid ed new perspectives that can be combined with the genetics approach. Through such in tegrated research we are able to identify evolutionary genetics of behavior as a highly signifi cant emerging area of interest. These perspectives are ably described by Dr. Guy Bush in the introductory chapter of this book. During March 21-24, 1983, many of the world's leading scientists in invertebrate behavioral genetics were drawn together in Gainesville, Florida, for a colloquium entitled "Evolutionary Genetics of Invertebrate Behavior." This conference was sponsored jointly by the Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, chaired by Dr. Daniel Shankland, and the Insect Attractants, Behavior and Basic Biology Research Laboratory, U.S. Department of Agriculture, directed then by Dr. Derrell Chambers.
Book Synopsis Advances in the Study of Behavior by :
Download or read book Advances in the Study of Behavior written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-04-02 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in the Study of Behavior, Volume 30 continues to serve scientists across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Focusing on new theories and research developments with respect to behavioral ecology, evolutionary biology, and comparative psychology, these volumes foster cooperation and communications in these dense fields. The aim of Advances in the Study of Behavior remains as it has been since the series began: to serve the increasing number of scientists who are engaged in the study of animal behavior by presenting their theoretical ideas and research to their colleagues and to those in neighboring fields. We hope that the series will continue its "contribution to the development of the field", as its intended role was phrased in the Preface to the first volume in 1965. Since that time, traditional areas of animal behavior have achieved new vigor by the links they have formed with related fields and by the closer relationship that now exists between those studying animal and human subjects.
Book Synopsis Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos by : Christophe Boesch
Download or read book Behavioural Diversity in Chimpanzees and Bonobos written by Christophe Boesch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus), otherwise known as pygmy chimpanzees, are the only two species of the genus Pan. As they are our nearest relatives, there has been much research devoted to investigating the similarities and differences between them. This book offers an extensive review of the most recent observations to come from field studies on the diversity of Pan social behaviour, with contributions from many of the world's leading experts in this field. A wide range of social behaviours is discussed including tool use, hunting, reproductive strategies and conflict management as well as demographic variables and ecological constraints. In addition to interspecies behavioural diversity, this text describes exciting new research into variations between different populations of the same species. Researchers and students working in the fields of primatology, anthropology and zoology will find this a fascinating read.
Download or read book Proceedings RMRS. written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Animal Personalities by : Claudio Carere
Download or read book Animal Personalities written by Claudio Carere and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ask anyone who has owned a pet and they’ll assure you that, yes, animals have personalities. And science is beginning to agree. Researchers have demonstrated that both domesticated and nondomesticated animals—from invertebrates to monkeys and apes—behave in consistently different ways, meeting the criteria for what many define as personality. But why the differences, and how are personalities shaped by genes and environment? How did they evolve? The essays in Animal Personalities reveal that there is much to learn from our furred and feathered friends. The study of animal personality is one of the fastest-growing areas of research in behavioral and evolutionary biology. Here Claudio Carere and Dario Maestripieri, along with a host of scholars from fields as diverse as ecology, genetics, endocrinology, neuroscience, and psychology, provide a comprehensive overview of the current research on animal personality. Grouped into thematic sections, chapters approach the topic with empirical and theoretical material and show that to fully understand why personality exists, we must consider the evolutionary processes that give rise to personality, the ecological correlates of personality differences, and the physiological mechanisms underlying personality variation.
Book Synopsis Connecting Mountain Islands and Desert Seas by :
Download or read book Connecting Mountain Islands and Desert Seas written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cancer and Energy Balance, Epidemiology and Overview by : Nathan A. Berger
Download or read book Cancer and Energy Balance, Epidemiology and Overview written by Nathan A. Berger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-16 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy Balance and Cancer, Epidemiology and Overview is the first in a series of monographs to address the multiple facets of the world wide pandemic of overweight and obesity and its relation to cancer. This volume, authored by leading experts in their perspective fields, provides a broad and comprehensive overview of the problem from the epidemiologic viewpoint with focus on both general and special populations as well as a description of potential molecular mechanisms and reviews of the latest studies of factors impacting the association of energy balance and cancer including the effects of genetics, caloric restriction, exercise, behavior and the built environment. The collected chapters and the authors contributing to this initial volume represent a transdisciplinary approach to analyze and develop novel approaches to understand and solve what, up to now, is a globally refractory problem. The book is written to be understandable and informative to individuals from all concerned disciplines. It should serve to orient students, investigators, nutritionists, public health officials, community planners, clinicians and policy makers to the extent of the problem, its multiple dimensions and potential approaches for research and corrective interventions.
Book Synopsis Indonesian Primates by : Sharon Gursky-Doyen
Download or read book Indonesian Primates written by Sharon Gursky-Doyen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-01-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indonesia possesses the second largest primate population in the world, with over 33 different primate species. Although Brazil possesses more primate species, Indonesia outranks it in terms of its diversity of primates, ranging from prosimians (slow lorises and tarsiers), to a multitude of Old World Monkey species (macaques, langurs, proboscis moneys) to lesser apes (siamangs, gibbons) and great apes (orangutans). The primates of Indonesia are distributed throughout the archipelago. Partly in response to the number of primates distributed throughout the Indonesian archipelago, Indonesia is classified as the home of two biodiversity hotspots (Wallacea and Sundaland). In order to be classified as a hotspot, an area must have a large proportion of endemic species coupled with a high degree of threat including having lost more than 70% of its original habitat. Two areas within Indonesia meet these criteria. The tremendous diversity of primates in Indonesia, in conjunction with the conservation issues facing the primates of this region, created a need for this volume.
Book Synopsis Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans by : Christopher B. Ruff
Download or read book Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans written by Christopher B. Ruff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-03-27 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive analysis of changes in body form and skeletal robusticity from the Terminal Pleistocene through the Holocene, leading to the modern European human phenotype. Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans: Upper Paleolithic to the Twentieth Century brings together for the first time the results of an unprecedented large-scale investigation of European skeletal remains. The study was conducted over ten years by an international research team, and includes more than 2,000 skeletons spanning most of the European continent over the past 30,000 years, from the Early Upper Paleolithic to the 20th century. This time span includes environmental transitions from foraging to food production, small-scale to large-scale urban settlements, increasing social stratification and mechanization of labor, and climatic changes. Alterations in body form and behavior in response to these transitions are reconstructed through osteometric and biomechanical analyses. Divided into four sections, the book includes an introduction to the project and comprehensive descriptions of the methods used; general continent-wide syntheses of major trends in body size, shape, and skeletal robusticity; detailed regional analyses; and a summary of results. It also offers a full data set on an external website. Brings together data from an unprecedented large-scale study of human skeletal and anatomical variations Includes appendix of specific information from each research site Synthesizes data from spatial, temporal, regional, and geographical perspectives Skeletal Variation and Adaptation in Europeans will be a valuable resource for bioarchaeologists, palaeoanthropologists, forensic anthropologists, medical historians, and archaeologists at both the graduate and post-graduate level.
Book Synopsis Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-12-01 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicare, the world's single largest health insurance program, covers more than 47 million Americans. Although it is a national program, it adjusts payments to hospitals and health care practitioners according to the geographic location in which they provide service, acknowledging that the cost of doing business varies around the country. Under the adjustment systems, payments in high-cost areas are increased relative to the national average, and payments in low-cost areas are reduced. In July 2010, the Department of Health and Human Services, which oversees Medicare, commissioned the IOM to conduct a two-part study to recommend corrections of inaccuracies and inequities in geographic adjustments to Medicare payments. The first report examined the data sources and methods used to adjust payments, and recommended a number of changes. Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment - Phase II:Implications for Access, Quality, and Efficiency applies the first report's recommendations in order to determine their potential effect on Medicare payments to hospitals and clinical practitioners. This report also offers recommendations to improve access to efficient and appropriate levels of care. Geographic Adjustment in Medicare Payment - Phase II:Implications for Access, Quality, and Efficiency expresses the importance of ensuring the availability of a sufficient health care workforce to serve all beneficiaries, regardless of where they live.
