Gender Shifts In The History Of English

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Gender Shifts in the History of English

Author : Anne Curzan
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139436686
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender Shifts in the History of English by : Anne Curzan

Download or read book Gender Shifts in the History of English written by Anne Curzan and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-04-24 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How and why did grammatical gender, found in Old English and in other Germanic languages, gradually disappear from English and get replaced by a system where the gender of nouns and the use of personal pronouns depend on the natural gender of the referent? How is this shift related to 'irregular agreement' (such as she for ships) and 'sexist' language use (such as generic he) in Modern English, and how is the language continuing to evolve in these respects? Anne Curzan's accessibly written and carefully researched study is based on extensive corpus data, and will make a major contribution by providing a historical perspective on these often controversial questions. It will be of interest to researchers and students in history of English, historical linguistics, corpus linguistics, language and gender, and medieval studies.

Fashioning Masculinity

Author : Dr Michele Cohen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134842201
Total Pages : 192 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis Fashioning Masculinity by : Dr Michele Cohen

Download or read book Fashioning Masculinity written by Dr Michele Cohen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-01-08 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fashioning of English gentlemen in the eighteenth century was modelled on French practices of sociability and conversation. Michele Cohen shows how at the same time, the English constructed their cultural relations with the French as relations of seduction and desire. She argues that this produced anxiety on the part of the English over the effect of French practices on English masculinity and the virtue of English women. By the end of the century, representing the French as an effeminate other was integral to the forging of English, masculine national identity. Michele Cohen examines the derogation of women and the French which accompanied the emergent 'masculine' English identity. While taciturnity became emblematic of the English gentleman's depth of mind and masculinity, sprightly conversation was seen as representing the shallow and inferior intellect of English women and the French of both sexes. Michele Cohen also demonstrates how visible evidence of girls' verbal and language learning skills served only to construe the female mind as inferior. She argues that this perception still has currency today.

The loss of grammatical gender in the history of english

Author : Snejana Iovtcheva
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638876225
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis The loss of grammatical gender in the history of english by : Snejana Iovtcheva

Download or read book The loss of grammatical gender in the history of english written by Snejana Iovtcheva and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-12-13 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: A, Syracuse University (USA) (USA: Syracuse University), 6 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: This paper analyzes the question of how and why grammatical gender got lost in English. In order to do so, it reviews the recent literature on gender shifts in Old English and Middle English. The paper identifies several theoretical explanations based on both diachronic studies of English and general theoretical studies of gender. More concretely, the paper discusses the work of Greville Corbett (1991) on gender, Anne Curzan’s (2003) analysis on gender shifts in the history of English, and Charles Jones’s (1988) assumption of a possible paradigm shift in Old English. At the same time, older studies are given as an example for why certain premises did not work in the past. The paper first coments the relationship of English within the language families, provides a linguistic definition of grammatical gender, and describes major properties of the Modern English gender systems as well as those of the Old English gender system. It looks at the morphological and syntactic changes that triggered a shift in the English gender system. It is argued that not only external changes but also an underlying paradigm shift induced the demise of grammatical gender in Old English. In addition, the role of the personal pronouns is analyzed. According to Curzan (2003) and Corbett (1991) the role of the personal pronouns may prove to be the key in explaining the shift in the gender system.

The Trauma of Gender

Author : Helene Moglen
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520925830
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (258 download)

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Book Synopsis The Trauma of Gender by : Helene Moglen

Download or read book The Trauma of Gender written by Helene Moglen and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2001-02-15 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Helene Moglen offers a revisionary feminist argument about the origins, cultural function, and formal structure of the English novel. While most critics and historians have associated the novel's emergence and development with the burgeoning of capitalism and the rise of the middle classes, Moglen contends that the novel princi- pally came into being in order to manage the social and psychological strains of the modern sex-gender system. Rejecting the familiar claim that realism represents the novel's dominant tradition, she shows that, from its inception in the eighteenth century, the English novel has contained both realistic and fantastic narratives, which compete for primacy within individual texts.

Women, Gender and Disease in Eighteenth-Century England and France

Author : Ann Kathleen Doig
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443861219
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Women, Gender and Disease in Eighteenth-Century England and France by : Ann Kathleen Doig

Download or read book Women, Gender and Disease in Eighteenth-Century England and France written by Ann Kathleen Doig and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on encyclopedias, medical journals, historical, and literary sources, this collection of interdisciplinary essays focuses on the intersection of women, gender, and disease in England and France. Diverse critical perspectives highlight contributions women made to the scientific and medical communities of the eighteenth century. In spite of obstacles encountered in spaces dominated by men, women became midwives, and wrote self-help manuals on women’s health, hygiene, and domestic economy. Excluded from universities, they nevertheless contributed significantly to such fields as anatomy, botany, medicine, and public health. Enlightenment perspectives on the nature of the female body, childbirth, diseases specific to women, “gender,” sex, “masculinity” and “femininity,” adolescence, and sexual differentiation inform close readings of English and French literary texts. Treatises by Montpellier vitalists influenced intellectuals and physicians such as Nicolas Chambon, Pierre Cabanis, Jacques-Louis Moreau de la Sarthe, Jules-Joseph Virey, and Théophile de Bordeu. They impacted the exchange of letters and production of literary works by Julie de Lespinasse, Françoise de Graffigny, Nicolas Chamfort, Mary Astell, Frances Burney, Lawrence Sterne, Eliza Haywood, and Daniel Defoe. In our post-modern era, these essays raise important questions regarding women as subjects, objects, and readers of the philosophical, medical, and historical discourses that framed the project of enlightenment.

The Second Shift

Author : Arlie Hochschild
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143120336
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis The Second Shift by : Arlie Hochschild

Download or read book The Second Shift written by Arlie Hochschild and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated edition of a standard in its field that remains relevant more than thirty years after its original publication. Over thirty years ago, sociologist and University of California, Berkeley professor Arlie Hochschild set off a tidal wave of conversation and controversy with her bestselling book, The Second Shift. Hochschild's examination of life in dual-career housholds finds that, factoring in paid work, child care, and housework, working mothers put in one month of labor more than their spouses do every year. Updated for a workforce that is now half female, this edition cites a range of updated studies and statistics, with an afterword from Hochschild that addresses how far working mothers have come since the book's first publication, and how much farther we all still must go.

What's Your Pronoun?: Beyond He and She

Author : Dennis Baron
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1631496050
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis What's Your Pronoun?: Beyond He and She by : Dennis Baron

Download or read book What's Your Pronoun?: Beyond He and She written by Dennis Baron and published by Liveright Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “If you want to know why more people are asking ‘what’s your pronoun?’ then you (singular or plural) should read this book.” —Joe Moran, New York Times Book Review Heralded as “required reading” (Geoff Nunberg) and “the book” (Anne Fadiman) for anyone interested in the conversation swirling around gender-neutral and nonbinary pronouns, What’s Your Pronoun? is a classic in the making. Providing much-needed historical context and analysis to the debate around what we call ourselves, Dennis Baron brings new insight to a centuries-old topic and illuminates how—and why—these pronouns are sparking confusion and prompting new policies in schools, workplaces, and even statehouses. Enlightening and affirming, What’s Your Pronoun? introduces a new way of thinking about language, gender, and how they intersect.

Women's History

Author : Hannah Barker
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415291767
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (917 download)

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Book Synopsis Women's History by : Hannah Barker

Download or read book Women's History written by Hannah Barker and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide-ranging, thematic survey of women's history in Britain in the 18th and early 19th centuries, with chapters written by both well-established writers and new and dynamic scholars in a thorough and well-balanced selection.

Gender and Noun Classification

Author : Éric Mathieu
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192563203
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender and Noun Classification by : Éric Mathieu

Download or read book Gender and Noun Classification written by Éric Mathieu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the many ways by which natural languages categorize nouns into genders or classes. A noun may belong to a given class because of its logical or symbolic similarities with other nouns, because it shares a similar morphological form with other nouns, or simply through an arbitrary convention. The aim of this book is to establish which functional or lexical categories are responsible for this type of classification, especially along the nominal syntactic spine. The book's contributors draw on data from a wide range of languages, including Amharic, French, Gitksan, Haro, Lithuanian, Japanese, Mi'kmaw, Persian, and Shona. Chapters examine where in the nominal structure gender is able to function as a classifying device, and how in the absence of gender, other functional elements in the nominal spine come to fill that gap. Other chapters focus on how gender participates in grammatical concord and agreement phenomena. The volume also discusses semantic agreement: hybrid agreement sometimes arises due to a distinction that grammars encode between natural gender on the one hand and grammatical gender on the other. The findings in the volume have significant implications for syntactic theory and theories of interpretation, and contribute to a greater understanding of the interplay between inflection and derivation. The volume will be of interest to theoretical linguists and typologists from advanced undergraduate level upwards.

Gender-Critical Feminism

Author : Holly Lawford-Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198863888
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender-Critical Feminism by : Holly Lawford-Smith

Download or read book Gender-Critical Feminism written by Holly Lawford-Smith and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographical references (pages 265-287) and index.

History of English

Author : Dan McIntyre
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100029840X
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis History of English by : Dan McIntyre

Download or read book History of English written by Dan McIntyre and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-08-25 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Routledge English Language Introductions cover core areas of language study and are one-stop resources for students. Assuming no prior knowledge, books in the series offer an accessible overview of the subject, with activities, study questions, sample analyses, commentaries and key readings – all in the same volume. The innovative and flexible ‘two-dimensional’ structure is built around four sections – introduction, development, exploration and extension – which offer self-contained stages for study. Each topic can also be read across these sections, enabling the reader to build gradually on the knowledge gained. This revised second edition of History of English includes: ❑ a comprehensive introduction to the history of English covering the origins of English, the change from Old to Middle English, and the influence of other languages on English; ❑ increased coverage of key issues, such as the standardisation of English; ❑ a wider range of activities, plus answers to exercises; ❑ new readings of well-known authors such as Manfred Krug, Colette Moore, Merja Stenroos and David Crystal; ❑ a timeline of important external events in the history of English. Structured to reflect the chronological development of the English language, History of English describes and explains the changes in the language over a span of 1,500 years, covering all aspects from phonology and grammar, to register and discourse. In doing so, it incorporates examples from a wide variety of texts and provides an interactive and structured textbook that will be essential reading for all students of English language and linguistics.

Teaching the History of the English Language

Author : Colette Moore
Publisher : Modern Language Association
ISBN 13 : 160329385X
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Teaching the History of the English Language by : Colette Moore

Download or read book Teaching the History of the English Language written by Colette Moore and published by Modern Language Association. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of the history of the English language (HEL) encompasses a broad sweep of time and space, reaching back to the fifth century and around the globe. Further, the language has always varied from place to place and continues to evolve today. Instructors face the challenges of teaching this vast subject in one semester and of engaging students with unfamiliar material and techniques. This volume guides instructors in designing an HEL course suited to their own interests and institutions. The essays consider what subjects of HEL to include, how to organize the course, and what textbook to assign. They offer historical approaches and those that are not structured by chronology. Sample assignments provide opportunities for students to conduct original research, work with archives and digital resources, and investigate language in their communities. The essays also help students question notions of linguistic correctness.

Changes in Educational Policies in Britain, 1800-1920

Author : Helen Corr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780773449138
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (491 download)

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Book Synopsis Changes in Educational Policies in Britain, 1800-1920 by : Helen Corr

Download or read book Changes in Educational Policies in Britain, 1800-1920 written by Helen Corr and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, education in Scotland lies at the heart of national pride and has been widely acclaimed as a more democratic and meritocratic system in terms of wider access to schools and universities when compared with England. One of the main paradoxes which this book unpacks is that under the Scottish public co-education structure, the treatment of women teachers as an occupational group in relative terms was more ideologically undemocratic and patriarchal in relation to their female counterparts under the English system. This book sets out on a historical journey and embarks on the reconstruction of policy formation on gender and occupational segregation in the elementary (now called primary) school teaching and it shows that there was nothing 'natural' about that process.

Invisible Women

Author : Caroline Criado Perez
Publisher : Abrams
ISBN 13 : 1683353145
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Invisible Women by : Caroline Criado Perez

Download or read book Invisible Women written by Caroline Criado Perez and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2019-03-12 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 International Bestseller Winner of the 2019 Financial Times and McKinsey Business Book of the Year Award Winner of the 2019 Royal Society Science Book Prize A landmark, prize-winning, international bestselling examination of how a gender gap in data perpetuates bias and disadvantages women, now in paperback Data is fundamental to the modern world. From economic development to health care to education and public policy, we rely on numbers to allocate resources and make crucial decisions. But because so much data fails to take into account gender, because it treats men as the default and women as atypical, bias and discrimination are baked into our systems. And women pay tremendous costs for this insidious bias, in time, in money, and often with their lives. Celebrated feminist advocate Caroline Criado Perez investigates this shocking root cause of gender inequality in the award-winning, #1 international bestseller Invisible Women. Examining the home, the workplace, the public square, the doctor’s office, and more, Criado Perez unearths a dangerous pattern in data and its consequences on women’s lives. Product designers use a “one-size-fits-all” approach to everything from pianos to cell phones to voice recognition software, when in fact this approach is designed to fit men. Cities prioritize men’s needs when designing public transportation, roads, and even snow removal, neglecting to consider women’s safety or unique responsibilities and travel patterns. And in medical research, women have largely been excluded from studies and textbooks, leaving them chronically misunderstood, mistreated, and misdiagnosed. Built on hundreds of studies in the United States, in the United Kingdom, and around the world, and written with energy, wit, and sparkling intelligence, this is a groundbreaking, highly readable exposé that will change the way you look at the world.

The English in Love

Author : Claire Langhamer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199594430
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis The English in Love by : Claire Langhamer

Download or read book The English in Love written by Claire Langhamer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-08-22 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intimate history of love, marriage, and emotional revolution in twentieth century Britain

The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics

Author : Michael T. Putnam
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108386350
Total Pages : 1176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (83 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics by : Michael T. Putnam

Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Germanic Linguistics written by Michael T. Putnam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-16 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first comprehensive overview of the structure of modern Germanic languages. Written by a team of internationally-renowned experts, it is a vital resource for students and researchers investigating the Germanic family of languages and dialects, covering key topics such as phonology, morphology, syntax, heritage and minority languages.

Gender and the Garden in Early Modern English Literature

Author : Jennifer Munroe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351934759
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Gender and the Garden in Early Modern English Literature by : Jennifer Munroe

Download or read book Gender and the Garden in Early Modern English Literature written by Jennifer Munroe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical reconfigurations in gardening practice in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England altered the social function of the garden, offering men and women new opportunities for social mobility. While recent work has addressed how middle class men used the garden to attain this mobility, the gendering of the garden during the period has gone largely unexamined. This new study focuses on the developing gendered tension in gardening that stemmed from a shift from the garden as a means of feeding a family, to the garden as an aesthetic object imbued with status. The first part of the book focuses on how practical gardening books proposed methods for planting as they simultaneously represented gardens increasingly hierarchized by gender. The second part of the book looks at how men and women appropriated aesthetic uses of actual gardening in their poetry, and reveals a parallel gendered tension there. Munroe analyzes garden representations in the writings of such manuals writers as Gervase Markham, Thomas Hill, and William Lawson, and such poets as Edmund Spenser, Aemilia Lanyer and Lady Mary Wroth. Investigating gardens, gender and writing, Jennifer Munroe considers not only published literary representations of gardens, but also actual garden landscapes and unpublished evidence of everyday gardening practice. She de-prioritizes the text as a primary means of cultural production, showing instead the relationship between what men and women might imagine possible and represent in their writing, and everyday spatial practices and the spaces men and women occupied and made. In so doing, she also broadens our outlook on whom we can identify and value as producers of early modern social space.