Dissecting the Role of Estrogen Receptor Palmitoylation in Breast Cancer Cells

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis Dissecting the Role of Estrogen Receptor Palmitoylation in Breast Cancer Cells by :

Download or read book Dissecting the Role of Estrogen Receptor Palmitoylation in Breast Cancer Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estrogen signaling is primarily mediated by two estrogen receptors (ERs), ER[alpha] and ER[beta]. ER[alpha] is expressed in ~70% of breast cancers and is an important diagnostic and therapeutic target. Developing better treatment options and overcoming limitations of endocrine therapy depend on a detailed understanding of ER[alpha]-signaling pathways. ER[alpha], a member of the class I nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors, localizes mainly to the nucleus and interacts with DNA regulatory sequences either directly or through interaction with other transcription factors to regulate gene transcription. ER[alpha] is also rapidly activates signaling cascades. S-palmitoylation, a reversible lipid modification is catalyzed by palmitoyl acyl-transferases (PAT), which increase affinity of proteins to the membrane. Based on the results of previous studies, it is hypothesized that palmitoylation of ER[alpha] regulates extranuclear and nuclear signaling of ER[alpha]. We utilized palmitoylation-defective mutant ER[alpha]C447A-expressing MDA-MB-468 breast cancer cells to dissect the role of palmitoylation in a breast cancer cell line model. The substitution of ER[alpha] palmitoylation site abrogated ER[alpha] palmitoylation, membrane localization and estrogen-dependent phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in MDA-MB-468 cell line. Besides loss of E2-dependent extranuclear signaling, the substitution of palmitoylation sites led to the loss of other ER[alpha]-dependent events in ER[alpha]C447A-expressing MDA-MB-468 cells, such as decreased E2-dependent S118 phosphorylation, impaired regulation of certain target genes, and loss of estrogen-dependent cell cycle inhibition. This study thus highlights the importance of ER[alpha] palmitoylation in both nuclear and extranuclear ER signaling pathways in breast cancer cells. A better understanding of the mechanisms of estrogen action will help us to design more effective drugs affecting signal pathways depending on both membrane and nuclear receptors.

Dissecting Roles of Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer Lymphatic Metastasis

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780549033110
Total Pages : 175 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (331 download)

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Book Synopsis Dissecting Roles of Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer Lymphatic Metastasis by : Joshua C. Harrell

Download or read book Dissecting Roles of Estrogen Receptors in Breast Cancer Lymphatic Metastasis written by Joshua C. Harrell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The lymphatic system is a common avenue for the spread of breast cancer cells. If primary tumors are estrogen (ER) and/or progesterone (PR) receptor positive, then the likelihood that lymph node (LN) metastases express receptors exceeds 80%. However, little is known about the role of hormones in breast cancer spread or the effects of the LN microenvironment on hormone responsiveness. We developed ER+ metastasis models using ZsGreen labeled ER+ human breast cancer cells. Tumors and metastases were tracked in living mice by fluorescent whole-body and intravital imaging. Tumor growth was estrogen dependent and required for intratumoral lymphangiogenesis. Seventy-five percent of estrogen treated tumors generate LN metastases. "Triads" of primary tumors, tumor-filled draining lymphatic vessels, and tumor-filled LNs from the same mouse showed that: (a) proliferation was higher in the LN than in the primary tumor. (b) High ER levels were extensively downregulated by estradiol in primary tumors. However, there was partial failure of ER downregulation in LNs associated with (c) reduced PR expression. (d) The hyaluronan receptor, CD44 was sparsely expressed in primary tumor cells but homogeneously overexpressed in cells transiting the lymphatics and populating LNs, suggesting that CD44 targets tumor cells for transport to LNs. To follow up on the observations that ER have reduced function in the LN microenvironment we developed a fluorescent xenograft model in which estradiol was withdrawn after the development of ER+ LN metastasis. Estradiol-withdrawal combined with laser-capture microdissection, gene expression profiling, and immunohistochemistry was used to assess estrogen responsiveness of primary tumor xenografts and matched LN metastases. Genes regulated by the tumor cell microenvironment, by hormones, or both were identified. Gene expression data confirmed the estrogen insensitivity of ER+ LN metastases. Fewer genes were estradiol regulated in breast cancer cells at the metastatic site. Interestingly, seventy-five of the genes were estradiol regulated in the opposite direction in tumors and LN metastases. We speculate that current estrogen withdrawal or antiestrogen therapies may differentially affect breast cancer cells growing within the breast and in the LNs, and that the LN microenvironment renders cancer cells relatively resistant to estrogen suppression therapies.

Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008049451X
Total Pages : 595 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders by : Albert Altchek

Download or read book Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders written by Albert Altchek and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated second edition of Diagnosis and Management of Ovarian Disorders provides thorough, yet succinct insight into the ever-changing realm of ovarian disorders. It presents a novel multidisciplinary approach to the subject as described by clinicians, surgeons, pathologists, basic scientists and related medical researchers. Topics covered include reproductive technology, early diagnosis of ovarian cancer, and management of menopause among others. The breadth of information provided by this book will appeal to clinicians and researchers involved in the study and treatment of ovarian disorders.KEY FEATURES* Includes updated information on early diagnosis of ovarian cancer* Reviews new diagnostic techniques for ovarian disorders* Discusses latest information on reproductive technology* Presents translational treatment linking laboratory research with clinical medicine

The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331977736X
Total Pages : 186 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism by : Anne Le

Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.

Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 20

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031416880
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

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Book Synopsis Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 20 by : Kursad Turksen

Download or read book Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 20 written by Kursad Turksen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-24 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Much research has focused on the basic cellular and molecular biological aspects of stem cells. Much of this research has been fueled by their potential for use in regenerative medicine applications, which has in turn spurred growing numbers of translational and clinical studies. However, more work is needed if the potential is to be realized for improvement of the lives and well-being of patients with numerous diseases and conditions. This book series 'Cell Biology and Translational Medicine (CBTMED)' as part of Springer Nature’s longstanding and very successful Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series, has the goal to accelerate advances by timely information exchange. Emerging areas of regenerative medicine and translational aspects of stem cells are covered in each volume. Outstanding researchers are recruited to highlight developments and remaining challenges in both the basic research and clinical arenas. This current book is the 20th volume of a continuing series.

Free Energy Calculations

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540384472
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Free Energy Calculations by : Christophe Chipot

Download or read book Free Energy Calculations written by Christophe Chipot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free energy constitutes the most important thermodynamic quantity to understand how chemical species recognize each other, associate or react. Examples of problems in which knowledge of the underlying free energy behaviour is required, include conformational equilibria and molecular association, partitioning between immiscible liquids, receptor-drug interaction, protein-protein and protein-DNA association, and protein stability. This volume sets out to present a coherent and comprehensive account of the concepts that underlie different approaches devised for the determination of free energies. The reader will gain the necessary insight into the theoretical and computational foundations of the subject and will be presented with relevant applications from molecular-level modelling and simulations of chemical and biological systems. Both formally accurate and approximate methods are covered using both classical and quantum mechanical descriptions. A central theme of the book is that the wide variety of free energy calculation techniques available today can be understood as different implementations of a few basic principles. The book is aimed at a broad readership of graduate students and researchers having a background in chemistry, physics, engineering and physical biology.

Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 953511123X
Total Pages : 516 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (351 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases by : Jose Antonio Morales-Gonzalez

Download or read book Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases written by Jose Antonio Morales-Gonzalez and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work responds to the need to find, in a sole document, the affect of oxidative stress at different levels, as well as treatment with antioxidants to revert and diminish the damage. Oxidative Stress and Chronic Degenerative Diseases - a Role for Antioxidants is written for health professionals by researchers at diverse educative institutions (Mexico, Brazil, USA, Spain, Australia, and Slovenia). I would like to underscore that of the 19 chapters, 14 are by Mexican researchers, which demonstrates the commitment of Mexican institutions to academic life and to the prevention and treatment of chronic degenerative diseases.

Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030178323
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer by : Ravi Salgia

Download or read book Targeted Therapies for Lung Cancer written by Ravi Salgia and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-26 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contextualizes translational research and provides an up to date progress report on therapies that are currently being targeted in lung cancer. It is now well established that there is tremendous heterogeneity among cancer cells both at the inter- and intra-tumoral level. Further, a growing body of work highlights the importance of targeted therapies and personalized medicine in treating cancer patients. In contrast to conventional therapies that are typically administered to the average patient regardless of the patient’s genotype, targeted therapies are tailored to patients with specific traits. Nonetheless, such genetic changes can be disease-specific and/or target specific; thus, the book addresses these issues manifested in the somatically acquired genetic changes of the targeted gene. Each chapter is written by a leading medical oncologist who specializes in thoracic oncology and is devoted to a particular target in a specific indication. Contributors provide an in-depth review of the literature covering the mechanisms underlying signaling, potential cross talk between the target and downstream signaling, and potential emergence of drug resistance.

Lipid Modification of Proteins

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Lipid Modification of Proteins by : N. M. Hooper

Download or read book Lipid Modification of Proteins written by N. M. Hooper and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lipid Modification of Proteins: A Practical Approach is a unique guide to the latest methods is use, written by the acknowledged experts in the field. Detailed protocols are provided for all the key techniques, and the relevant background material is included. This book is an essential manual for a wide range of scientists studying the modification of protein by lipids, including membrane and protein biochemists, cell biologists, immunologists, bacteriologists, parasitologists, and virologists.

Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319701789
Total Pages : 630 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity by : Franck Mauvais-Jarvis

Download or read book Sex and Gender Factors Affecting Metabolic Homeostasis, Diabetes and Obesity written by Franck Mauvais-Jarvis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-08 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a reference for years to come, written by world-renowned expert investigators studying sex differences, the role of sex hormones, the systems biology of sex, and the genetic contribution of sex chromosomes to metabolic homeostasis and diseases. In this volume, leaders of the pharmaceutical industry present their views on sex-specific drug discovery. Many of the authors presented at the Keystone Symposium on “Sex and gender factors affecting metabolic homeostasis, diabetes and obesity” to be held in March 2017 in Lake Tahoe, CA. This book will generate new knowledge and ideas on the importance of gender biology and medicine from a molecular standpoint to the population level and to provide the methods to study them. It is intended to be a catalyst leading to gender-specific treatments of metabolic diseases. There are fundamental aspects of metabolic homeostasis that are regulated differently in males and females, and influence both the development of diabetes and obesity and the response to pharmacological intervention. Still, most preclinical researchers avoid studying female rodents due to the added complexity of research plans. The consequence is a generation of data that risks being relevant to only half of the population. This is a timely moment to publish a book on sex differences in diseases as NIH leadership has asked scientists to consider sex as a biological variable in preclinical research, to ensure that women get the same benefit of medical research as men.

Natural Bio-active Compounds

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811371547
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Bio-active Compounds by : Mohd Sayeed Akhtar

Download or read book Natural Bio-active Compounds written by Mohd Sayeed Akhtar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioactive compounds produced by natural sources, such as plants, microbes, endophytic fungi, etc., can potentially be applied in various fields, including agriculture, biotechnology and biomedicine. Several bioactive compounds have proved to be invaluable in mediating plant-microbe interactions, and promoting plant growth and development. Due to their numerous health-promoting properties, these compounds have been widely used as a source of medication since ancient times. However, there is an unprecedented need to meet the growing demand for natural bioactive compounds in the flavor and fragrance, food, and pharmaceutical industries. Moreover, discovering new lead molecules from natural sources is essential to overcoming the rising number of new diseases. In this regard, natural bioactive compounds hold tremendous potential for new drug discovery. Therefore, this field of research has become a vital area for researchers interested in understanding the chemistry, biosynthetic mechanisms, and pharmacological activities of these bioactive metabolites. This book describes the basics of bioactive plant compounds, their chemical properties, and their pharmacological biotechnological properties with regard to various human diseases and applications in the drug, cosmetics and herbal industries. It offers a valuable asset for all students, educators, researchers, and healthcare experts involved in agronomy, ecology, crop science, molecular biology, stress physiology, and natural products.

Advances in Biotechnology

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 8132215540
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (322 download)

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Book Synopsis Advances in Biotechnology by : Indu Ravi

Download or read book Advances in Biotechnology written by Indu Ravi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book “Advances in Biotechnology” is about recent advances in some of the important fields that are ongoing in certain biotechnological applications. Biotechnology has been quite helpful in keeping pace with the demands of every increasing human population and in improving the quality of human life. Major biotechnological achievements associated with human welfare have been from the fields like genetic engineering; transgenic plants and animals; genomics, proteomics, monoclonal antibodies for the diagnosis of disease, gene therapy etc. Fourteen authoritative chapters written by experts having experience in academics and research on current developments and future trends in biotechnology have been empathized. The book provides a detailed account of various methodologies used in biotechnology i.e. High capacity vectors, DNA sequencing dealing with next generation sequencing, Molecular markers, DNA microarray technology, as well as Proteomics that have revolutionized biotechnology with a wide array of applications. The book not only presents a well-founded explanation of the topics but also aims to present up-to-date reviews of current research efforts, some thoughtful discussions on the potential benefits and risks involved in producing biotechnological products and the challenges of bringing such products to market. It will prove to be an excellent reference work for both academicians and researchers, indicating new starting points to young researchers for new projects in the field. The book is intended for biotechnologist, biologist, researchers, teachers and students of Biosciences and Biotechnology.

Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527333665
Total Pages : 846 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (273 download)

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Book Synopsis Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation by : Gerhard Krauss

Download or read book Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation written by Gerhard Krauss and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-21 with total page 846 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally based on a graduate course taught by the author, this true classic has once again been extensively updated to incorporate key new findings in biological signaling. With over half of the content re-written, plus 70 brand new and 50 revised figures, this is the most up-to-date textbook on signaling available anywhere. Thanks to its clear structure, hundreds of illustrative drawings, as well as chapter introductions and newly added study questions, this text excels as a companion for a course on biological signaling, and equally as an introductory reference to the field for students and researchers. Generations of students and junior researchers have relied on "the Krauss" to find their way through the bewildering complexity of biological signaling pathways.

Protein Self-Assembly

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Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781493996803
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (968 download)

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Book Synopsis Protein Self-Assembly by : Jennifer J. McManus

Download or read book Protein Self-Assembly written by Jennifer J. McManus and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-08-08 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores experimental and computational approaches to measuring the most widely studied protein assemblies, including condensed liquid phases, aggregates, and crystals. The chapters in this book are organized into three parts: Part One looks at the techniques used to measure protein-protein interactions and equilibrium protein phases in dilute and concentrated protein solutions; Part Two describes methods to measure kinetics of aggregation and to characterize the assembled state; and Part Three details several different computational approaches that are currently used to help researchers understand protein self-assembly. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Protein Self-Assembly: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers who are interested in learning more about this developing field.

Targeting Enzymes for Pharmaceutical Development

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Publisher : Humana
ISBN 13 : 9781071601655
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Targeting Enzymes for Pharmaceutical Development by : Nikolaos E. Labrou

Download or read book Targeting Enzymes for Pharmaceutical Development written by Nikolaos E. Labrou and published by Humana. This book was released on 2020-12-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores detailed methods and experimental protocols evaluating the effect of a compound or a mixture of compounds on the action of enzymes that are significant targets in pharmaceuticals. Consisting of three sections, the book delves into recent biocomputing and bioinformatics protocols, state-of-the art modern biophysical, electrophoretic, and chromatographic methods and high-throughput screening approaches, as well as detailed protocols and examples of the inhibition analysis and evaluation of selected enzymes. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Targeting Enzymes for Pharmaceutical Development: Methods and Protocols serves as a vital reference for academics and industry professionals working on expanding our understanding of the wide range of important enzyme targets.

Lipid Modifications of Proteins

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 808 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Lipid Modifications of Proteins by : Patrick J. Casey

Download or read book Lipid Modifications of Proteins written by Patrick J. Casey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 1995-05-16 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is organized around the three major classes of lipids that have been identified in covalent attachment to proteins in eukaryotic cells: isoprenoids, saturated fatty acyl groups and glycosylphosphatidylinositol ( GPI ).

Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030304010
Total Pages : 693 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management by : M. Mohamed Essa

Download or read book Personalized Food Intervention and Therapy for Autism Spectrum Disorder Management written by M. Mohamed Essa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2020-02-01 with total page 693 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on implications of traditional and processed foods for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) intervention and management. Numerous phytonutrients and pharmacologically active compounds in edible natural products and diet could influence and offer protection to neuronal dysfunction that occurs due to ASD. The neuroprotective effects of various fruits, vegetables, nuts and seeds phytochemicals, and other natural bioactive ingredients against ASD and related conditions are discussed. Topics such as the possible neuroprotective mechanism of action of these foods and the therapeutic role of antioxidants in relation to ASD are addressed. This book also highlights the scope of using anti-inflammatory agents and antioxidants to promote neurogenesis and improve other symptoms in ASD. It emphasizes personalized nutritional approaches with dietary management of neurodevelopmental disorders/ASD cases. Information in this book is relevant to researchers in the field of complementary and alternative medicine, nutraceuticals, neuroscience, agriculture, nutrition, and food science. This volume is beneficial to students of varying levels, and across multiple disciplines.