Culture Institutions And Social Equilibria

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The Long Divergence

Author : Timur Kuran
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400836018
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis The Long Divergence by : Timur Kuran

Download or read book The Long Divergence written by Timur Kuran and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-11-11 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How religious barriers stalled capitalism in the Middle East In the year 1000, the economy of the Middle East was at least as advanced as that of Europe. But by 1800, the region had fallen dramatically behind—in living standards, technology, and economic institutions. In short, the Middle East had failed to modernize economically as the West surged ahead. What caused this long divergence? And why does the Middle East remain drastically underdeveloped compared to the West? In The Long Divergence, one of the world's leading experts on Islamic economic institutions and the economy of the Middle East provides a new answer to these long-debated questions. Timur Kuran argues that what slowed the economic development of the Middle East was not colonialism or geography, still less Muslim attitudes or some incompatibility between Islam and capitalism. Rather, starting around the tenth century, Islamic legal institutions, which had benefitted the Middle Eastern economy in the early centuries of Islam, began to act as a drag on development by slowing or blocking the emergence of central features of modern economic life—including private capital accumulation, corporations, large-scale production, and impersonal exchange. By the nineteenth century, modern economic institutions began to be transplanted to the Middle East, but its economy has not caught up. And there is no quick fix today. Low trust, rampant corruption, and weak civil societies—all characteristic of the region's economies today and all legacies of its economic history—will take generations to overcome. The Long Divergence opens up a frank and honest debate on a crucial issue that even some of the most ardent secularists in the Muslim world have hesitated to discuss.

Rulers, Religion, and Riches

Author : Jared Rubin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110703681X
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Rulers, Religion, and Riches by : Jared Rubin

Download or read book Rulers, Religion, and Riches written by Jared Rubin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to explain the political and religious factors leading to the economic reversal of fortunes between Europe and the Middle East.

Culture, Institutions, and Development

Author : Jean-Philippe Platteau
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136912096
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Culture, Institutions, and Development by : Jean-Philippe Platteau

Download or read book Culture, Institutions, and Development written by Jean-Philippe Platteau and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-10-04 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does culture matter? This question has taken on added significance since fundamentalist revivalism has recently gained ground in different parts of the world. The old controversy between Max Weber and Karl Marx, which centres around the extent to which cultural factors such as social norms and values affect economic growth is of critical importance, particularly because of its policy implications. Indeed, if culture is not an autonomous factor susceptible to influencing economic realities, it should not matter and public authorities can dispense with thinking about cultural interventions. On the other hand, if culture does have a real impact, the question arises as to whether it is conducive or detrimental to economic growth, political liberalization, and the emancipation of individuals among other things. Culture, Institutions, and Development addresses this debate at a concrete level by looking at five important issues: the role of tradition and its influence on development; the role of religion, with special reference to Middle Eastern countries; the role of family, kinship, and ethnic ties in the process of development; the relationship between culture and entrepreneurship; and the relationship between culture and poverty. This collection offers a nuanced view that neither denies nor exaggerates the role of cultural factors in explaining relative growth performances across countries. Instead, the contributors focus on the dynamic, two-way relationship between culture and development in a way that stresses policy stakes and the value of multidisciplinary collaboration between economists, historians and other social scientists. This book will be of interest to postgraduates and researchers in all the social sciences, as well as to professionals working in national development agencies, international organisations, and Non-Governmental Organisations.

Political Economy of Institutions, Democracy and Voting

Author : Norman Schofield
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642195199
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Economy of Institutions, Democracy and Voting by : Norman Schofield

Download or read book Political Economy of Institutions, Democracy and Voting written by Norman Schofield and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-11 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest research in the field of Political Economy, dealing with the integration of economics and politics and the way institutions affect social decisions. The authors are eminent scholars from the U.S., Canada, Britain, Spain, Italy, Mexico and the Philippines. Many of them have been influenced by Nobel laureate Douglass North, who pioneered the new institutional social sciences, or by William H. Riker who contributed to the field of positive political theory. The book focuses on topics such as: case studies in institutional analysis; research on war and the formation of states; the analysis of corruption; new techniques for analyzing elections, involving game theory and empirical methods; comparing elections under plurality and proportional rule, and in developed and new democracies.

Varieties of Capitalism

Author : Peter A. Hall
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199247749
Total Pages : 557 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Varieties of Capitalism by : Peter A. Hall

Download or read book Varieties of Capitalism written by Peter A. Hall and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 557 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applying the new economics of organisation and relational theories of the firm to the problem of understanding cross-national variation in the political economy, this volume elaborates a new understanding of the institutional differences that characterise the 'varieties of capitalism' worldwide.

A Culture of Growth

Author : Joel Mokyr
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691168881
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis A Culture of Growth by : Joel Mokyr

Download or read book A Culture of Growth written by Joel Mokyr and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why Enlightenment culture sparked the Industrial Revolution During the late eighteenth century, innovations in Europe triggered the Industrial Revolution and the sustained economic progress that spread across the globe. While much has been made of the details of the Industrial Revolution, what remains a mystery is why it took place at all. Why did this revolution begin in the West and not elsewhere, and why did it continue, leading to today's unprecedented prosperity? In this groundbreaking book, celebrated economic historian Joel Mokyr argues that a culture of growth specific to early modern Europe and the European Enlightenment laid the foundations for the scientific advances and pioneering inventions that would instigate explosive technological and economic development. Bringing together economics, the history of science and technology, and models of cultural evolution, Mokyr demonstrates that culture—the beliefs, values, and preferences in society that are capable of changing behavior—was a deciding factor in societal transformations. Mokyr looks at the period 1500–1700 to show that a politically fragmented Europe fostered a competitive "market for ideas" and a willingness to investigate the secrets of nature. At the same time, a transnational community of brilliant thinkers known as the “Republic of Letters” freely circulated and distributed ideas and writings. This political fragmentation and the supportive intellectual environment explain how the Industrial Revolution happened in Europe but not China, despite similar levels of technology and intellectual activity. In Europe, heterodox and creative thinkers could find sanctuary in other countries and spread their thinking across borders. In contrast, China’s version of the Enlightenment remained controlled by the ruling elite. Combining ideas from economics and cultural evolution, A Culture of Growth provides startling reasons for why the foundations of our modern economy were laid in the mere two centuries between Columbus and Newton.

Making Democracy Work

Author : Robert D. Putnam
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 140082074X
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Democracy Work by : Robert D. Putnam

Download or read book Making Democracy Work written by Robert D. Putnam and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1994-05-27 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A classic."—New York Times "Seminal, epochal, path-breaking . . . a Democracy in America for our times."—The Nation From the bestselling author of Bowling Alone, a landmark account of the secret of successful democracies Why do some democratic governments succeed and others fail? In a book that has received attention from policymakers and civic activists in America and around the world, acclaimed political scientist and bestselling author Robert Putnam and his collaborators offer empirical evidence for the importance of "civic community" in developing successful institutions. Their focus is on a unique experiment begun in 1970, when Italy created new governments for each of its regions. After spending two decades analyzing the efficacy of these governments in such fields as agriculture, housing, and healthcare, they reveal patterns of associationism, trust, and cooperation that facilitate good governance and economic prosperity. The result is a landmark book filled with crucial insights about how to make democracy work.

A Defence of Liberty Against Tyrants

Author : Hubert Languet
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (924 download)

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Book Synopsis A Defence of Liberty Against Tyrants by : Hubert Languet

Download or read book A Defence of Liberty Against Tyrants written by Hubert Languet and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Understanding Institutions

Author : Francesco Guala
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691171785
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Institutions by : Francesco Guala

Download or read book Understanding Institutions written by Francesco Guala and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-12 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking new synthesis and theory of social institutions Understanding Institutions proposes a new unified theory of social institutions that combines the best insights of philosophers and social scientists who have written on this topic. Francesco Guala presents a theory that combines the features of three influential views of institutions: as equilibria of strategic games, as regulative rules, and as constitutive rules. Guala explains key institutions like money, private property, and marriage, and develops a much-needed unification of equilibrium- and rules-based approaches. Although he uses game theory concepts, the theory is presented in a simple, clear style that is accessible to a wide audience of scholars working in different fields. Outlining and discussing various implications of the unified theory, Guala addresses venerable issues such as reflexivity, realism, Verstehen, and fallibilism in the social sciences. He also critically analyses the theory of "looping effects" and "interactive kinds" defended by Ian Hacking, and asks whether it is possible to draw a demarcation between social and natural science using the criteria of causal and ontological dependence. Focusing on current debates about the definition of marriage, Guala shows how these abstract philosophical issues have important practical and political consequences. Moving beyond specific cases to general models and principles, Understanding Institutions offers new perspectives on what institutions are, how they work, and what they can do for us.

Unintended Consequences

Author : Deepak Lal
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262621540
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (215 download)

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Book Synopsis Unintended Consequences by : Deepak Lal

Download or read book Unintended Consequences written by Deepak Lal and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, based on the 1995 Ohlin Lectures, Deepak Lal provides an accessible, interdisciplinary account of the role of culture in shaping economic performance. Topics addressed include a possible future "clash of civilizations," the role of Asian values in the East Asian economic miracle, the cultural versus economic causes of social decay in the West, and whether modernization leads to Westernization. Lal makes an important distinction between material and cosmological beliefs, showing how both were initially shaped by factor endowments and how they have evolved in response to changing historical pressures in different civilizations. Lal's first major theme is the interaction of factor endowments, culture, and politics in explaining modern intensive growth in the West. The other major theme is the role of individualism--an inadvertent legacy of the medieval Catholic Church--in promoting this growth, and the strange metamorphoses this has caused in both the West's cosmological beliefs and the interaction between "the West and the rest." Lal takes account of the relevant literature in history, anthropology, social psychology, evolutionary biology, neurology, and sociology, and the economic history of the regions and cultures that form Eurasia. An appendix shows how the stories Lal tells can be described by four formal economic models.

The Size of Nations

Author : Alberto Alesina
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262261401
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis The Size of Nations by : Alberto Alesina

Download or read book The Size of Nations written by Alberto Alesina and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-01-14 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of this timely and provocative book use the tools of economic analysis to examine the formation and change of political borders. They argue that while these issues have always been at the core of historical analysis, international economists have tended to regard the size of a country as "exogenous," or no more subject to explanation than the location of a mountain range or the course of a river. Alesina and Spolaore consider a country's borders to be subject to the same analysis as any other man-made institution. In The Size of Nations, they argue that the optimal size of a country is determined by a cost-benefit trade-off between the benefits of size and the costs of heterogeneity. In a large country, per capita costs may be low, but the heterogeneous preferences of a large population make it hard to deliver services and formulate policy. Smaller countries may find it easier to respond to citizen preferences in a democratic way. Alesina and Spolaore substantiate their analysis with simple analytical models that show how the patterns of globalization, international conflict, and democratization of the last two hundred years can explain patterns of state formation. Their aim is not only "normative" but also "positive"—that is, not only to compute the optimal size of a state in theory but also to explain the phenomenon of country size in reality. They argue that the complexity of real world conditions does not preclude a systematic analysis, and that such an analysis, synthesizing economics, political science, and history, can help us understand real world events.

Long-Run Economic Growth

Author : Steven Durlauf
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642612113
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)

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Book Synopsis Long-Run Economic Growth by : Steven Durlauf

Download or read book Long-Run Economic Growth written by Steven Durlauf and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most enduring questions in economics involves how a nation could accelerate the pace of its economic development. One of the most enduring answers to this question is to promote exports -either because doing so directly influences development via encouraging production of goods for export, or because export promotion permits accumulation of foreign exchange which permits importation of high-quality goods and services, which can in turn be used to expand the nation's production possibilities. In either case, growth is said to be export-led; the latter case is the so-called "two-gap" hypothesis (McKinnon, 1964; Findlay, 1973). The early work on export-led growth consisted of static cross-country com parisons (Michaely, 1977; Balassa, 1978; Tyler, 1981; Kormendi and Meguire, 1985). These studies generally concluded that there is strong evidence in favour of export-led growth because export growth and income growth are highly correlated. However, Kravis pointed out in 1970 that the question is an essen tially dynamic one: as he put it, are exports the handmaiden or the engine of growth? To make this determination one needs to look at time series to see whether or not exports are driving income. This approach has been taken in a number of papers (Jung and Marshall, 1985; Chow, 1987; Serletis, 1992; Kunst and Marin, 1989; Marin, 1992; Afxentiou and Serletis, 1991), designed to assess whether or not individual countries exhibit statistically significant evidence of export-led growth using Granger causality tests.

Political Parties and the State

Author : Martin Shefter
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400821223
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Parties and the State by : Martin Shefter

Download or read book Political Parties and the State written by Martin Shefter and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1993-12-27 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects a number of Martin Shefter's most important articles on political parties. They address three questions: Under what conditions will strong party organizations emerge? What influences the character of parties--in particular, their reliance on patronage? In what circumstances will the parties that formerly dominated politics in a nation or city come under attack? Shefter's work exemplifies the "new institutionalism" in political science, arguing that the reliance of parties on patronage is a function not so much of mass political culture as of their relationship with public bureaucracies. The book's opening chapters analyze the circumstances conducive to the emergence of strong political parties and the changing balance between parties and bureaucracies in Europe and America. The middle chapters discuss the organization and exclusion of the American working classes by machine and reform regimes. The book concludes by examining party organizations as instruments of political control in the largest American city, New York.

Self, Identity, and Social Institutions

Author : D. Heise
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 0230108490
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Self, Identity, and Social Institutions by : D. Heise

Download or read book Self, Identity, and Social Institutions written by D. Heise and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-04-26 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how the individual constructs a self from the thousands of colloquial identities provided by a society's culture, and reveals how the individual actualizes and sustains an integrated and stable self while navigating the sometimes treacherous waters of everyday institutional life.

The Handbook of Historical Economics

Author : Alberto Bisin
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128162686
Total Pages : 1004 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis The Handbook of Historical Economics by : Alberto Bisin

Download or read book The Handbook of Historical Economics written by Alberto Bisin and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-04-21 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Historical Economics guides students and researchers through a quantitative economic history that uses fully up-to-date econometric methods. The book's coverage of statistics applied to the social sciences makes it invaluable to a broad readership. As new sources and applications of data in every economic field are enabling economists to ask and answer new fundamental questions, this book presents an up-to-date reference on the topics at hand. - Provides an historical outline of the two cliometric revolutions, highlighting the similarities and the differences between the two - Surveys the issues and principal results of the "second cliometric revolution" - Explores innovations in formulating hypotheses and statistical testing, relating them to wider trends in data-driven, empirical economics

Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy

Author : Avner Greif
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521480444
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy by : Avner Greif

Download or read book Institutions and the Path to the Modern Economy written by Avner Greif and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description

Igbo Culture - Second Edition

Author : Reuben K. Eneze
Publisher : Reuben K. Eneze
ISBN 13 : 9781733550529
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis Igbo Culture - Second Edition by : Reuben K. Eneze

Download or read book Igbo Culture - Second Edition written by Reuben K. Eneze and published by Reuben K. Eneze. This book was released on 2016-02-29 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this "Second Edition" of the Igbo Culture, the author has granted a significant upgrade, done with love and appreciation for the blessing of being a son of the Igbo Nation. He has greatly upgraded the book, after years of new and careful research work, and collection of readers' opinions on some of the issues in the book. Additional information on some of the issues discussed has been included to assist the reader understand the message of the author and to better accommodate the readers' views. The book has its grammar and punctuation reedited with dates and periods of events updated. Most of the Igbo vernacular words are in bold print, so that non-Igbo readers can distinguish between English and vernacular words.In the first edition, the author presented his book "Igbo Culture" in a most convincing way by quoting expert opinions on most of the issues he discussed in the book. Through his carefully researched work and detailed analysis of facts, he showed in the book that Igbo youths working hard like their ancestors can reform Igboland into a new and better civilization by sifting the good aspects of Igbo culture into today's way of life. He started his book by making a brief reference to the possible migration route of Igbo ancestors from their earliest settlements in the forest region of Central Africa to their present-day settlement in Southeastern Nigeria of West Africa. He also made a brief reference to the development of the Igbo civilization through the period covering the Stone Age and Iron Age civilizations. He painted a clear picture of the cultural background of the community where he was born and brought up and lived in for more than sixty years before he traveled to the United States of America. He traced the more than twenty-six generations-deep lineages, beliefs, concepts, customs, and history of Ihe Shikeaguma in Ntuegbe clan of Enugu State in Southeastern Nigeria as a sample core Igbo culture community. He also delved into the historical links and social formation of this community, with emphasis on genealogy, religion, settlement, language, government, law enforcement, defense, seasons, festivals, and residential structures. He took his readers to Igbo thought on God, self, family, human life, birth, death, spirit, human mind, and reincarnation. He clearly documented the cultural products of Igbo thought, which can be seen in the formulation of Igbo institutions with special reference to marriage, the extended family system, the social status structure and title system, festivals, informal education, traditional law, community service, religion, divination, and health-care services. He explained that the symbolism of various articles and some spoken words in Igbo culture are products of Igbo thought. He referred to ofo stick, kola nut, alligator pepper, spears, tribal face marks, body paint, white chalk, and the young palm frond as symbols or instruments of Igbo philosophical expressions and concepts. He showed how Igbo culture and philosophy have been affected by the cultures of Igbo neighbors in Nigeria and by other foreign cultures with special references to the following: (a) Ugwuele civilization (a Stone Age culture)-1,000,000 BC-500,000 BC (b) Nri civilization (a ritualized kingship system)-AD 800-AD 1700 (c) Aro civilization (slave trade and colonial era)-AD 1700-AD 1850 (d) Border civilization (slave trade and colonial era)-AD 800-AD1900 (e) External civilization (slave trade and colonial era)-AD 1700-AD 2000. The author concluded his work by making an evaluation of Igbo culture. He carefully examined the oriented values of the Igbo and highlighted those areas of Igbo culture that should be refurbished and re-infused into Igbo life by the Igbo themselves in order to transform Igboland into a big theater of modern civilization.