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Covid 19s Political Challenges In Latin America
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Book Synopsis COVID-19's political challenges in Latin America by : Michelle Fernandez
Download or read book COVID-19's political challenges in Latin America written by Michelle Fernandez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-18 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes how COVID-19 impacted politics and how politics shaped the response to the pandemic in Latin America, the region which has become the epicenter of the global health crisis started in China. The volume brings together studies carried out in eight countries of the region – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Uruguay – and show how the impacts and outcomes varied a lot across the region depending on the political processes under way in each country in the years preceding the pandemic and on the political responses adopted by each government to deal with the health crisis. The volume is divided into four parts, each one dedicated to a specific dimension of the relation between politics and COVID-19 in Latin America. The first part is dedicated to denialism, and presents three case studies of governments that denied the importance of the health crisis: Brazil, Mexico and Nicaragua. The second part takes Uruguay and Colombia as two opposite examples of successful and failed state action against COVID-19. The third part analyzes how social movements faced the pandemic in Brazil and Chile. Finally, the fourth part analyzes how public opinion reacted to political responses to COVID-19 in four countries: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Mexico. COVID-19's Political Challenges in Latin America will be a valuable resource for political scientists, sociologists and other social scientists interested in understanding how the pandemic affected politics and how politics affected the fight against the biggest health crisis faced by humanity in the last hundred years.
Book Synopsis COVID-19's Political Challenges in Latin America by : Michelle Fernandez
Download or read book COVID-19's Political Challenges in Latin America written by Michelle Fernandez and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyzes how COVID-19 impacted politics and how politics shaped the response to the pandemic in Latin America, the region which has become the epicenter of the global health crisis started in China. The volume brings together studies carried out in eight countries of the region - Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Uruguay - and show how the impacts and outcomes varied a lot across the region depending on the political processes under way in each country in the years preceding the pandemic and on the political responses adopted by each government to deal with the health crisis. The volume is divided into four parts, each one dedicated to a specific dimension of the relation between politics and COVID-19 in Latin America. The first part is dedicated to denialism, and presents three case studies of governments that denied the importance of the health crisis: Brazil, Mexico and Nicaragua. The second part takes Uruguay and Colombia as two opposite examples of successful and failed state action against COVID-19. The third part analyzes how social movements faced the pandemic in Brazil and Chile. Finally, the fourth part analyzes how public opinion reacted to political responses to COVID-19 in four countries: Argentina, Brazil, Ecuador and Mexico. COVID-19's Political Challenges in Latin America will be a valuable resource for political scientists, sociologists and other social scientists interested in understanding how the pandemic affected politics and how politics affected the fight against the biggest health crisis faced by humanity in the last hundred years. .
Author :International IDEA Publisher :International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) ISBN 13 : Total Pages :39 pages Book Rating :4./5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic by : International IDEA
Download or read book Taking Stock of Regional Democratic Trends in Latin America and the Caribbean Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic written by International IDEA and published by International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA). This book was released on 2020-11-19 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This GSoD In Focus Special Brief provides an overview of the state of democracy of Latin America and the Caribbean at the end of 2019, prior to the outbreak of the pandemic, and assesses some of the preliminary impacts that the pandemic has had on democracy in the region in 2020. Key findings include: · Democratically, the region was ailing prior to the pandemic, with some countries suffering from democratic erosion or backsliding, others from democratic fragility and weakness. Overall, trust in democracy had been in steady decline in the decade preceding the pandemic. Citizen discontent has culminated in a protest wave hitting several countries in the region at the end of 2019. · The COVID-19 pandemic has hit a Latin American and Caribbean region plagued by unresolved structural problems of high crime and violence, political fragmentation and polarization, high poverty and inequality, corruption, and weak states. · Long-overdue political and socio-economic reforms have compounded the health and economic crises caused by the pandemic. This, coupled with heavy-handed approaches to curb the virus, risk further entrenching or exacerbating the concerning democratic trends observed in the region prior to the COVID-19 outbreak. · The challenges to democracy Latin America and the Caribbean during the pandemic include: the postponement of elections; excessive use of police force to enforce restrictions implemented to curb the pandemic; use of the military to carry out civil tasks; persistent crime and violence; new dangers for the right to privacy; increases in gender inequality and domestic violence; new risks posed to vulnerable groups; limited access to justice; restrictions on freedom of expression; executive overreach; reduced parliamentary oversight; political polarization and clashes between democratic institutions; new openings for corruption; and a discontented socially mobilized citizenry that rejects traditional forms of political representation. · Despite the challenges, the crisis ultimately provides a historic opportunity to redefine the terms of social contracts across the region, and for governments to think innovatively about how to open up spaces for dialogue and civic participation in order to build more inclusive, sustainable and interconnected societies, as well as more accountable, transparent and efficient democratic systems of government. The review of the state of democracy during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 uses qualitative analysis and data of events and trends in the region collected through International IDEA’s Global Monitor of COVID-19’s Impact on Democracy and Human Rights, an initiative co-funded by the European Union.
Book Synopsis Regional and International Cooperation in South America After COVID by : Melisa Deciancio
Download or read book Regional and International Cooperation in South America After COVID written by Melisa Deciancio and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-07-22 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume analyses South American regional and international cooperation during the COVID19 crisis started in 2020. Across thirteen chapters a collection of leading experts address how regional collaboration has developed, evolved, and recoiled. The chapters explore the state of regionalism at the pandemic surge and the challenges and opportunities this situation has opened for regional and international cooperation. Authors analyze the role of extra-regional powers and traditional regional leaders during the pandemic, identifying the extent to which regional cooperation has been possible across several policy agendas. They argue that fragmented visions of regionalism, ideological polarization, and weak leadership, has prevailed from before the pandemic which, accompanied by adverse interactions among major powers, has ensured that cooperation has remained bilateral rather than regional. Ultimately all these factors have created a complex scenario in which disintegration dynamics have emerged, darkening, even more, the South American regional panorama. Regional and International Cooperation in South America After COVID will be an invaluable resource for students, scholars and policy specialists of regionalism and regional integration, Latin American studies, international relations and international political economy.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Policy Challenges for Latin America During the Next Stages of the Pandemic: The Need for a Fiscal Pact by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Fiscal Policy Challenges for Latin America During the Next Stages of the Pandemic: The Need for a Fiscal Pact written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fiscal policy response to the COVID-19 shock in most LAC countries was much larger than during the GFC, suggesting fiscal space was not as tight as expected. We argue that it is feasible and desirable, though not without risks, to embark in a more gradual consolidation path than currently envisaged by several countries in the region. Avoiding an early withdrawal of support in 2021 and 2022 is important given that countries are still facing high rates of contagion and deaths, vaccination will take place very slowly, the economic recovery is partial, uncertain and not strong enough to help those most affected by the twin public health and economic crisis. At the center of this discussion is our conviction that fiscal space is not set in stone and it is endogenous to the medium-term targets and commitments undertaken by governments and congresses throughout the region. Also, revisions to fiscal responsibility frameworks should help anchor fiscal sustainability, as well as improve their effectiveness and flexibility. In this context, low-for-long interest rates and easy market access is generating a situation that, in spite of higher debt levels, interest cost on public debt will remain contained in the foreseeable future. Especially if, as argued in this paper, a more gradual fiscal consolidation path is accompanied with stronger commitments and institutional frameworks that ensure debt is put on a credible downward trajectory once the pandemic is under control. Catalyzing these changes, as well as initiating the debate to design other fiscal reforms to strengthen social protection and increase the progressivity of public finances, would require a broad social consensus and political cohesion around several crucial dimensions of public finances: a fiscal pact. On the other hand, if this agenda is neglected the continuation of low growth, social discontent, and political polarization could drive Latin America towards a very dangerous path of institutional and economic decay.
Book Synopsis Challenges of Party-Building in Latin America by : Steven Levitsky
Download or read book Challenges of Party-Building in Latin America written by Steven Levitsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-13 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nearly four decades since the onset of the third wave, political parties remain weak in Latin America: parties have collapsed in much of the region, and most new party-building efforts have failed. Why do some new parties succeed while most fail? This book challenges the widespread belief that democracy and elections naturally give rise to strong parties and argues that successful party-building is more likely to occur under conditions of intense conflict than under routine democracy. Periods of revolution, civil war, populist mobilization, or authoritarian repression crystallize partisan attachments, create incentives for organization-building, and generate a 'higher cause' that attracts committed activists. Empirically rich chapters cover diverse cases from across Latin America, including both successful and failed cases.
Book Synopsis Pandemocracy in Latin America by : Pablo Riberi
Download or read book Pandemocracy in Latin America written by Pablo Riberi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-02-08 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses two questions: firstly, how has the fight against COVID-19, especially the individual and collective responses of Latin American nation-states, influenced the relationship between power, people, and statebodies? And secondly, has democracy taken a step back and allowed pandemocracy to replace its long-term legitimising function? Adopting a Global South perspective, the book explores the constitutional, political and institutional measures that paved the way for several aggressive state policies in various Latin American countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The contributions provide a detailed review of democratic decay and the 'rule of law' impairment in many countries of the region. The book goes beyond mere observation and explores all the main theoretical elements that can lead to a more comprehensive understanding of the political and normative impact of the pandemic. In terms of constitutional design and concerning the actual behaviour of political bodies, the fairness and efficacy of Latin American state responses during the COVID-19 pandemic did not rely on civic culture, executive goodwill, or boldness on the part of the judges. The aim of this volume, therefore, is to unravel the most subtle elements of a very puzzling situation. Multidisciplinary perspectives are deployed to explore how democratic standards and goals have been reshaped by nuanced constructions of certain atavistic normative ideas or even by non-constitutional policies. The book sheds light on the underlying connection between politics and law.
Book Synopsis Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 by : United Nations Publications
Download or read book Economic Survey of Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 written by United Nations Publications and published by . This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication outlines the region's economic performance in 2019 and analyses trends in the early months of 2020, as well as the outlook for the rest of the year. It examines the external and domestic factors that have influenced the region's economic performance, analyses the characteristics of growth, prices and the labour market, and draws attention to some of the macroeconomic policy challenges of the prevailing external conditions, amid mounting uncertainty stemming mainly from political factors. It analyses the dynamics of investment and its determinants, with a view to identifying the different variables on which public policy can act to influence the trajectory of investment. This edition also analyses the effects and challenges of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic for the region during 2020 and the outlook that is taking shape for the years to come.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 and Economic Development in Latin America by : Monika Meireles
Download or read book COVID-19 and Economic Development in Latin America written by Monika Meireles and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The impact of the Covid pandemic on the global economy, just as with the Great Recession a decade earlier, has served to reinforce the fact that the world is hierarchically organized and the distribution of power between countries is distinctly asymmetric. Gathering multiple viewpoints of Latin American researchers, this book explores the impacts of the pandemic, including unequal access to vaccines and recovery finance, on economies in the region. The book is organised in three substantial sections: the first brings together conceptual work which rethinks the fundamental categories for critical thinking on the challenges for Latin American development in a post-pandemic scenario. In the second section, the chapters focus on studying the Latin American financial reconfiguration that is being driven by the pandemic, particularly through a comparison of the experience of countries of the world economy's core and periphery. Finally, the third section evaluates the concrete experiences of different Latin American countries in this very specific historical moment, emphatically analyzing the economic policy responses that the governments are adopting to deal with the current sanitary emergency and its economic and social effects. From this, the book suggests keystone elements for the relaunch of development strategies in the region as it recovers from the pandemic. This book will be of particular interest to readers of critical or heterodox perspectives on the economics of the pandemic, Latin American development and emerging economies"--
Author :Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean Publisher :United Nations ISBN 13 :9210047400 Total Pages :158 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (1 download)
Book Synopsis Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 by : Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Download or read book Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean 2020 written by Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean and published by United Nations. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has generated a health, human and economic crisis without precedent in the past century. The region has responded rapidly, adopting packages of fiscal measures of diverse magnitude and scope. In this context, fiscal policy must play a key role in mitigating the human and economic impact in the short term, while also continuing to provide the impulse for achieving sustainable and inclusive growth in a post-COVID-19 world. As well as analysing the fiscal policy challenges of the current crisis, the Fiscal Panorama of Latin America and the Caribbean, 2020 provides a broad overview of the problems of tax evasion in the region. It looks at the challenges of measuring tax evasion and the measures the countries are taking to tackle it. It also compares the functional allocation of public expenditure in the countries of the region, as a factor that has implications for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals.
Book Synopsis COVID-19 and Economic Development in Latin America by : Monika Meireles
Download or read book COVID-19 and Economic Development in Latin America written by Monika Meireles and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-06 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global economy, just as with the Great Recession a decade earlier, has served to reinforce the fact that the world is hierarchically organized and the distribution of power between countries is distinctly asymmetric. Gathering multiple viewpoints of Latin American researchers, this book explores the impacts of the pandemic, including unequal access to vaccines and recovery finance, on economies in the region. The book is organised in three substantial sections: the first brings together conceptual work which rethinks the fundamental categories for critical thinking on the challenges for Latin American development in a post-pandemic scenario. In the second part, the chapters focus on studying the Latin American financial reconfiguration that is being driven by the pandemic, particularly through a comparison of the experience of countries of the world economy’s core and periphery. Finally, the third part evaluates the concrete experiences of different Latin American countries in this very specific historical moment, emphatically analyzing the economic policy responses that the governments are adopting to deal with the current sanitary emergency and its economic and social effects. From this, the book suggests keystone elements for the relaunch of development strategies in the region as it recovers from the pandemic. This book will be of particular interest to readers of critical or heterodox perspectives on the economics of the pandemic, Latin American development and emerging economies.
Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9) by : Dean T. Jamison
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 9) written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-12-06 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the culminating volume in the DCP3 series, volume 9 will provide an overview of DCP3 findings and methods, a summary of messages and substantive lessons to be taken from DCP3, and a further discussion of cross-cutting and synthesizing topics across the first eight volumes. The introductory chapters (1-3) in this volume take as their starting point the elements of the Essential Packages presented in the overview chapters of each volume. First, the chapter on intersectoral policy priorities for health includes fiscal and intersectoral policies and assembles a subset of the population policies and applies strict criteria for a low-income setting in order to propose a "highest-priority" essential package. Second, the chapter on packages of care and delivery platforms for universal health coverage (UHC) includes health sector interventions, primarily clinical and public health services, and uses the same approach to propose a highest priority package of interventions and policies that meet similar criteria, provides cost estimates, and describes a pathway to UHC.
Book Synopsis Lessons from Regional Responses to Security, Health and Environmental Challenges in Latin America by : Ivo Ganchev
Download or read book Lessons from Regional Responses to Security, Health and Environmental Challenges in Latin America written by Ivo Ganchev and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2024-01-23 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is the role of regional organizations in maintaining security across different parts of Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)? How did COVID-19 impact states in the region and what types of collective action have helped respond to public health emergencies? In what way is LAC environmental policy formulated and what broader lessons can be drawn for the Global South? This edited volume addresses these questions, revealing the reasons behind the successes and failures of LAC regional responses to collective challenges as well as their limitations and potential for future improvement. It contains 11 chapters, authored by 16 authoritative academics who employ methodologically-diverse perspectives. Each chapter provides insights that would be of interest to scholars, students and policy-makers working on the regional governance of LAC and the Global South. The contributions are thematically organised in three parts and produced with pragmatic considerations in mind, discussing existing and potential real solutions to pressing issues.
Download or read book Going Viral written by Guillermo Beylis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COVID-19 started as a health emergency, but it is rapidly evolving into an employment crisis. There is still uncertainty on how severe the economic impact of the pandemic will be. As things go, however, the drag on the region’s employment could last longer than the epidemic itself. Beyond the immediate impacts on the level of employment, the crisis is deepening and accelerating the transformation of jobs, bringing the future closer. Going Viral: COVID-19 and the Accelerated Transformation of Jobs in Latin America and the Caribbean focuses on recent trends in the economies of the region that have been significantly changing the labor market: premature deindustrialization, the servicification of the economy, and the changing skill requirements of jobs as automation advances. The findings of this report have important implications for economic policy. Some of these implications are related to the productivity challenges that Latin America and the Caribbean was already facing after the end of the “Golden Decade†? in 2013. Other policy implications see their relevance enhanced by the COVID-19 crisis. As sectors are impacted in different ways, as new technologies are developed and adopted, and as working remotely becomes more common, governments need to respond in ways that support a smooth transformation of jobs—one that is socially acceptable and that contributes to productivity growth, including investing in the human capital of the workforce. The accelerated transformation of jobs also calls for a rethinking of labor regulations and social protection policies. The institutional architecture geared to wage earners in the formal sector is quickly becoming outdated. The report calls for the flexible regulation of the emerging forms of work, in a way that encourages employment and supports formalization, thereby expanding the coverage of social protection. to larger segments
Book Synopsis Latin America in Times of Turbulence by : Mariana Llanos
Download or read book Latin America in Times of Turbulence written by Mariana Llanos and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com/doi/view/10.4324/9781003324249, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. This book accounts for and analyses the latest developments in Latin American presidential democracies, with a special focus on political institutions. The stellar line-up of renowned scholars of Latin American politics and institutions from Latin America, Europe, and the United States offer new insights into how democratic institutions have operated within the critical context that marked the political and social life of the region in the last few years: the eruption of popular protest and discontent, the widespread distrust of political institutions, and, of course, the COVID-19 pandemic. Combining different methodological approaches, including cross-national studies, small-N studies, case studies, and quantitative and qualitative data, the contributions cluster around three themes: the problem with fixed terms and other features of presidentialism, inter-institutional relations and executive accountability, and old and new threats to democracy in these times of turmoil. The volume concludes with an assessment of the political consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America. Beyond current scholars and students of comparative political scientists, Latin America in Times of Turbulence will be of great interest to a wide spectrum of readers interested in comparative systems of government, democracy studies, and Latin American politics more generally.
Book Synopsis Emerging from the Pandemic Tunnel with Faster Growth and Greater Equity: A Strategy for a New Social Compact in Latin America and the Caribbean by : Alejandro Izquierdo
Download or read book Emerging from the Pandemic Tunnel with Faster Growth and Greater Equity: A Strategy for a New Social Compact in Latin America and the Caribbean written by Alejandro Izquierdo and published by Inter-American Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the pandemic lasts, Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) will go through a tunnel full of uncertainty. It is not known especially how long it is: how long until therapies or a vaccine emerge, or until best practices are known to control the pandemic to live with a virus of unknown lethality. This note describes policy options on how countries can expand their possibilities to meet the economic challenges of the crisis, with an emphasis on growth and equity. These options are based on the assumption that the fiscal situation of the region and its access to sovereign credit markets are much more restricted than in previous crises, which forces to think about policy reforms beyond fiscal ones to accelerate the Economic recovery. The options are ambitious, but the ambition meets the need. This document is part of a series of 3 IDB monographs on public policies in the context of COVID-19. The other documents can be consulted at the following links: Public Policy to Tackle COVID-19: Recommendations for Latin America and the Caribbean: https://publications.iadb.org/en/public-policy-to-tackle-covid-19-recommendations-for--latin-america-and-the-caribbean From Lockdown to Reopening: Strategic Considerations for the Resumption of Activities in Latin America and the Caribbean within the framework of Covid-19 https://publications.iadb.org/en/from-lockdown-to-reopening-strategic-considerations-for-the-resumption-of-activities-in-latin-america-and-the-caribbean-within-the-framework-of-covid-19
Book Synopsis Democracy and Security in Latin America by : Gabriel Marcella
Download or read book Democracy and Security in Latin America written by Gabriel Marcella and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-05 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for governments to generate the necessary capacity to address important security and institutional challenges; this volume deepens our understanding of the nature and extent of state governance in Latin America. State capacity is multidimensional, with all elements interacting to produce stable governance and security. As such, a collection of scholars and practitioners use an explicit interdisciplinary approach, drawing on the contributions of history, political science, economics, public policy, military studies, and other fields to gain a rounded understanding of the link between security and democracy. Democracy and Security in Latin America is divided in two sections: Part 1 focuses on the challenges to governance and key institutions such as police, courts, armed forces. and the prison system. Part 2 features country case studies that illustrate particularly important security challenges and various means by which the state has confronted them. Democracy and Security in Latin America should appeal not only to those seeking to learn more about the capacity of the democratic state in Latin America to effectively provide public security in times of stress, but to all those curious about the reality that a democracy must have security to function.
