Brain Oscillations And Predictive Coding What We Know And What We Should Learn

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Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn

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Author : Roumen Kirov
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889451615
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

Book Synopsis Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn by : Roumen Kirov

Download or read book Brain Oscillations and Predictive Coding: What We Know and What We Should Learn written by Roumen Kirov and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-04-28 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Predictive coding (PC) is a neurocognitive concept, according to which the brain does not process the whole qualia of external information, but only residual mismatches occurring between incoming information and an individual, inner model of the world. At the time of issue initiation, I expected an essential focus on mismatch signals in the brain, especially those captured by neurophysiologic oscillations. This was because one most plausible approach to the PC concept is to identify and validate mismatch signals in the brain. Announcing the topic revealed a much deeper consideration of intelligible minds of researchers. It turned out that what was of fundamental interest was which brain mechanisms support the formation, maintenance and consolidation of the inner model determining PC. Is PC a dynamic construct continuously modulated by external environmental or internal mental information? The reader will be delighted to get acquainted with the current views and understanding of eminent scholars in the field. It will be challenging to discover the realm of sleep where both physiological, energy preserving and mental qualia principles build on the inner models to shape and transform the self. And where neurophysiologic oscillations may both transmit external information and translate inner models from state to state to preserve the self-continuity and compactness.

Brain Oscillations in Human Communication

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Author : Anne Keitel
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889454584
Total Pages : 199 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

Book Synopsis Brain Oscillations in Human Communication by : Anne Keitel

Download or read book Brain Oscillations in Human Communication written by Anne Keitel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain oscillations, or neural rhythms, reflect widespread functional connections between large-scale neural networks, as well as within cortical networks. As such they have been related to many aspects of human behaviour. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated the role of brain oscillations at distinct frequency bands in cognitive, sensory and motor tasks. Consequentially, those rhythms also affect diverse aspects of human communication. On the one hand, this comprises verbal communication; a field where the understanding of neural mechanisms has seen huge advances in recent years. Speech is inherently organised in a rhythmic manner. For example, time scales of phonemes and syllables, but also formal prosodic aspects such as intonation and stress, fall into distinct frequency bands. Likewise, neural rhythms in the brain play a role in speech segmentation and coding of continuous speech at multiple time scales, as well as in the production of speech. On the other hand, human communication involves widespread and diverse nonverbal aspects where the role of neural rhythms is far less understood. This can be the enhancement of speech processing through visual signals, thought to be guided via brain oscillations, or the conveying of emotion, which results in differential rhythmic modulations in the observer. Additionally, body movements and gestures often have a communicative purpose and are known to modulate sensorimotor rhythms in the observer. This Research Topic of Frontiers in Human Neuroscience highlights the diverse aspects of human communication that are shaped by rhythmic activity in the brain. Relevant contributions are presented from various fields including cognitive and social neuroscience, neuropsychiatry, and methodology. As such they provide important new insights into verbal and non-verbal communication, pathological changes, and methodological innovations.

Unlocking the Brain

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Author : Georg Northoff
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199383979
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

Book Synopsis Unlocking the Brain by : Georg Northoff

Download or read book Unlocking the Brain written by Georg Northoff and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuroscience has made considerable progress in figuring out how the brain works. We know much about the molecular-genetic and biochemical underpinnings of sensory and motor functions, and recent neuroimaging work has opened the door to investigating the neural underpinnings of higher-order cognitive functions, such as memory, attention, and even free will. In these types of investigations, researchers apply specific stimuli to induce neural activity in the brain and look for the function in question. However, there may be more to the brain and its neuronal states than the changes in activity we induce by applying particular external stimuli. In Volume 1 of Unlocking the Brain, Georg Northoff presents his argument for how the brain must code the relationship between its resting state activity and stimulus-induced activity in order to enable and predispose mental states and consciousness. By presupposing such a basic sense of neural code, the author ventures into different territories and fields of current neuroscience, including a comprehensive exploration of the features of resting state activity as distinguishable from and stimulus-induced activity; sparse coding and predictive coding; and spatial and temporal features of the resting state itself. This yields a unique and novel picture of the brain, and will have a major and lasting impact on neuroscientists working in neuroscience, psychiatry, and related fields.

Visual Mismatch Negativity (vMMN): a Prediction Error Signal in the Visual Modality

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Author : Gabor Stefanics
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889195600
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

Book Synopsis Visual Mismatch Negativity (vMMN): a Prediction Error Signal in the Visual Modality by : Gabor Stefanics

Download or read book Visual Mismatch Negativity (vMMN): a Prediction Error Signal in the Visual Modality written by Gabor Stefanics and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current theories of visual change detection emphasize the importance of conscious attention to detect unexpected changes in the visual environment. However, an increasing body of studies shows that the human brain is capable of detecting even small visual changes, especially if such changes violate non-conscious probabilistic expectations based on repeating experiences. In other words, our brain automatically represents statistical regularities of our visual environmental. Since the discovery of the auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related potential (ERP) component, the majority of research in the field has focused on auditory deviance detection. Such automatic change detection mechanisms operate in the visual modality too, as indicated by the visual mismatch negativity (vMMN) brain potential to rare changes. VMMN is typically elicited by stimuli with infrequent (deviant) features embedded in a stream of frequent (standard) stimuli, outside the focus of attention. In this research topic we aim to present vMMN as a prediction error signal. Predictive coding theories account for phenomena such as mismatch negativity and repetition suppression, and place them in a broader context of a general theory of cortical responses. A wide range of vMMN studies has been presented in this Research Topic. Twelve articles address roughly four general sub-themes including attention, language, face processing, and psychiatric disorders. Additionally, four articles focused on particular subjects such as the oblique effect, object formation, and development and time-frequency analysis of vMMN. Furthermore, a review paper presented vMMN in a hierarchical predictive coding framework. Each paper in this Research Topic is a valuable contribution to the field of automatic visual change detection and deepens our understanding of the short term plasticity underlying predictive processes of visual perceptual learning.

Rhythms of the Brain

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Author : G. Buzsáki
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199828237
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

Book Synopsis Rhythms of the Brain by : G. Buzsáki

Download or read book Rhythms of the Brain written by G. Buzsáki and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studies of mechanisms in the brain that allow complicated things to happen in a coordinated fashion have produced some of the most spectacular discoveries in neuroscience. This book provides eloquent support for the idea that spontaneous neuron activity, far from being mere noise, is actually the source of our cognitive abilities. It takes a fresh look at the coevolution of structure and function in the mammalian brain, illustrating how self-emerged oscillatory timing is the brain's fundamental organizer of neuronal information. The small-world-like connectivity of the cerebral cortex allows for global computation on multiple spatial and temporal scales. The perpetual interactions among the multiple network oscillators keep cortical systems in a highly sensitive "metastable" state and provide energy-efficient synchronizing mechanisms via weak links. In a sequence of "cycles," György Buzsáki guides the reader from the physics of oscillations through neuronal assembly organization to complex cognitive processing and memory storage. His clear, fluid writing-accessible to any reader with some scientific knowledge-is supplemented by extensive footnotes and references that make it just as gratifying and instructive a read for the specialist. The coherent view of a single author who has been at the forefront of research in this exciting field, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in our rapidly evolving understanding of the brain.

From Ecology to Brain Development: Bridging Separate Evolutionary Paradigms

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Author : Francisco Aboitiz
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889455572
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (894 download)

Book Synopsis From Ecology to Brain Development: Bridging Separate Evolutionary Paradigms by : Francisco Aboitiz

Download or read book From Ecology to Brain Development: Bridging Separate Evolutionary Paradigms written by Francisco Aboitiz and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nervous system is the product of biological evolution and is shaped by the interplay between extrinsic factors determining the ecology of animals, and by intrinsic processes that dictate the developmental rules that give rise to adult functional structures. This special topic is oriented to develop an integrative view from behavior and ecology to neurodevelopmental processes. We address questions such as how do sensory systems evolve according to ecological conditions? How do neural networks organize to generate adaptive behavior? How does cognition and brain connectivity evolve? What are the developmental mechanisms that give rise to functional adaptation? Accordingly, the book is divided in three sections, (i) Evolution of sensorimotor systems; (ii) Cognitive computations and neural circuits, and (iii) Development and brain evolution. We hope that this initiative will support an interdisciplinary program that addresses the nervous system as a unified organ, subject to both functional and developmental constraints, where the final outcome results of a compromise between different parameters rather than being the result of several single variables acting independently of each other.

The Oscillatory Nature of Language

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Author : Elliot Murphy
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108836313
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

Book Synopsis The Oscillatory Nature of Language by : Elliot Murphy

Download or read book The Oscillatory Nature of Language written by Elliot Murphy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Develops a theory of how language is processed in the brain and provides a state-of-the-art review of current neuroscientific debates.

Specific Macroscopic Brain Changes in Psychotic Disorders

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Author : Felix Brandl
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832523528
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

Book Synopsis Specific Macroscopic Brain Changes in Psychotic Disorders by : Felix Brandl

Download or read book Specific Macroscopic Brain Changes in Psychotic Disorders written by Felix Brandl and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-05-15 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Origins of Human Socialization

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Author : Donald W. Pfaff
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323858015
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

Book Synopsis Origins of Human Socialization by : Donald W. Pfaff

Download or read book Origins of Human Socialization written by Donald W. Pfaff and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-06 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Origins of Human Socialization introduces a new concept on the origins of basic human instinct. The book combines the three disciplinary approaches, including neuroscience, paleoanthropology and developmental psychology as an intertwined foundation for prosocial behavior. It argues that humans have the basic brain mechanisms for prosocial activity, offering new insights into more sophisticated social behavior. It also examines both visual and auditory systems in both humans and animals to explain the evolution of social interactions. Written by world-renowned researcher Dr. Donald Pfaff, this book is the first to explore why we have basic social instinct and how it works. For centuries, researchers have argued over the foundations of human behavior in society. Anthropologists point to transitions from hunter/gathers to urban dwellers leading to human domestication. Developmental psychologists highlight social competences in babies. Neuroscientists focus on specific genetic and neurochemical mechanisms that attribute to social behavior. This book brings all of these important areas together in an interdisciplinary approach that helps readers understand how they are linked. Introduces recent discoveries regarding genes and their association with brain growth Outlines the fundamentals of brain circuitry that underlies social behavior Explains the connection between loneliness and reduced anti-inflammatory responses Reviews how gene expression encourages various forms of social behavior

The Predictive Mind

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Author : Jakob Hohwy
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191022616
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis The Predictive Mind by : Jakob Hohwy

Download or read book The Predictive Mind written by Jakob Hohwy and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-11-28 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new theory is taking hold in neuroscience. It is the theory that the brain is essentially a hypothesis-testing mechanism, one that attempts to minimise the error of its predictions about the sensory input it receives from the world. It is an attractive theory because powerful theoretical arguments support it, and yet it is at heart stunningly simple. Jakob Hohwy explains and explores this theory from the perspective of cognitive science and philosophy. The key argument throughout The Predictive Mind is that the mechanism explains the rich, deep, and multifaceted character of our conscious perception. It also gives a unified account of how perception is sculpted by attention, and how it depends on action. The mind is revealed as having a fragile and indirect relation to the world. Though we are deeply in tune with the world we are also strangely distanced from it. The first part of the book sets out how the theory enables rich, layered perception. The theory's probabilistic and statistical foundations are explained using examples from empirical research and analogies to different forms of inference. The second part uses the simple mechanism in an explanation of problematic cases of how we manage to represent, and sometimes misrepresent, the world in health as well as in mental illness. The third part looks into the mind, and shows how the theory accounts for attention, conscious unity, introspection, self and the privacy of our mental world.

Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience

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Author : Bradley R. Postle
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119674158
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

Book Synopsis Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience by : Bradley R. Postle

Download or read book Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience written by Bradley R. Postle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-05-27 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience introduces and explicates key principles and concepts in cognitive neuroscience in such a way that the reader will be equipped to critically evaluate the ever-growing body of findings that the field is generating. For some students this knowledge will be needed for subsequent formal study, and for all readers it will be needed to evaluate and interpret reports about cognitive neuroscience research that make their way daily into the news media and popular culture. New to the 2nd Edition New chapter on methodology Updated content considers the growing influence of perspectives from predictive coding, reinforcement learning, deep neural networks, and AI on cognitive neuroscience; as well as important empirical results from the past few years ranging from object and face recognition to perceptual decision making to working memory to language comprehension

The Social Brain

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Author : Jean Decety
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262044145
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

Book Synopsis The Social Brain by : Jean Decety

Download or read book The Social Brain written by Jean Decety and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-08-18 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A range of empirical and theoretical perspectives on the relationship between biology and social cognition from infancy through childhood. Recent research on the developmental origins of the social mind supports the view that social cognition is present early in infancy and childhood in surprisingly sophisticated forms. Developmental psychologists have found ingenious ways to test the social abilities of infants and young children, and neuroscientists have begun to study the neurobiological mechanisms that implement and guide early social cognition. Their work suggests that, far from being unfinished adults, babies are exquisitely designed by evolution to capture relevant social information, learn, and explore their social environments. This volume offers a range of empirical and theoretical perspectives on the relationship between biology and social cognition from infancy through childhood. The contributors consider scientific advances in early social perception and cognition, including findings on the development of face processing and social perceptual biases; explore recent research on early infant competencies for language and theory of mind, including a developmental account of how young children become moral agents and the role of electrophysiology in identifying psychological processes that underpin social cognition; discuss the origins and development of prosocial behavior, reviewing evidence for a set of innate predispositions to be social, cooperative, and altruistic; examine how young children make social categories; and analyze atypical social cognition, including autism spectrum disorder and psychopathy. Contributors Lior Abramson, Renée Baillargeon, Pascal Belin, Frances Buttelmann, Sofia Cardenas, Michael J. Crowley, Fabrice Damon, Jean Decety, Michelle de Haan, Ghislaine Dehaene-Lambertz, Melody Buyukozer Dawkins, Xiao Pan Ding, Kristen A. Dunfield, Rachel D. Fine, Ana Fló, Jennifer R. Frey, Susan A. Gelman, Diane Goldenberg, Marie-Hélène Grosbras, Tobias Grossmann, Caitlin M. Hudac, Dora Kampis, Tara A. Karasewich, Ariel Knafo-Noam, Tehila Kogut, Ágnes Melinda Kovács, Valerie A. Kuhlmeier, Kang Lee, Narcis Marshall, Eamon McCrory, David Méary, Christos Panagiotopoulos, Olivier Pascalis, Markus Paulus, Kevin A. Pelphrey, Marcela Peña, Valerie F. Reyna, Marjorie Rhodes, Ruth Roberts, Hagit Sabato, Darby Saxbe, Virginia Slaughter, Jessica A. Sommerville, Maayan Stavans, Nikolaus Steinbeis, Fransisca Ting, Florina Uzefovsky, Essi Viding

Human Language

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Author : Peter Hagoort
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262353873
Total Pages : 753 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

Book Synopsis Human Language by : Peter Hagoort

Download or read book Human Language written by Peter Hagoort and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2019-10-29 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unique overview of the human language faculty at all levels of organization. Language is not only one of the most complex cognitive functions that we command, it is also the aspect of the mind that makes us uniquely human. Research suggests that the human brain exhibits a language readiness not found in the brains of other species. This volume brings together contributions from a range of fields to examine humans' language capacity from multiple perspectives, analyzing it at genetic, neurobiological, psychological, and linguistic levels. In recent decades, advances in computational modeling, neuroimaging, and genetic sequencing have made possible new approaches to the study of language, and the contributors draw on these developments. The book examines cognitive architectures, investigating the functional organization of the major language skills; learning and development trajectories, summarizing the current understanding of the steps and neurocognitive mechanisms in language processing; evolutionary and other preconditions for communication by means of natural language; computational tools for modeling language; cognitive neuroscientific methods that allow observations of the human brain in action, including fMRI, EEG/MEG, and others; the neural infrastructure of language capacity; the genome's role in building and maintaining the language-ready brain; and insights from studying such language-relevant behaviors in nonhuman animals as birdsong and primate vocalization. Section editors Christian F. Beckmann, Carel ten Cate, Simon E. Fisher, Peter Hagoort, Evan Kidd, Stephen C. Levinson, James M. McQueen, Antje S. Meyer, David Poeppel, Caroline F. Rowland, Constance Scharff, Ivan Toni, Willem Zuidema

Comparative animal consciousness

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Author : Louis Neal Irwin
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832528155
Total Pages : 179 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

Book Synopsis Comparative animal consciousness by : Louis Neal Irwin

Download or read book Comparative animal consciousness written by Louis Neal Irwin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-07-10 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Quest for Consciousness

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Author : Christof Koch
Publisher : Roberts Publishers
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

Book Synopsis The Quest for Consciousness by : Christof Koch

Download or read book The Quest for Consciousness written by Christof Koch and published by Roberts Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciousness is the major unsolved problem in biology. Written as an introduction to the field and drawing upon clinical, psychological and physiological observations, this book seeks to answer questions of consciousness within a neuroscientific framework.

Frequency in Language

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Author : Dagmar Divjak
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107085756
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

Book Synopsis Frequency in Language by : Dagmar Divjak

Download or read book Frequency in Language written by Dagmar Divjak and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-10 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Re-examines frequency, entrenchment and salience, three foundational concepts in usage-based linguistics, through the prism of learning, memory, and attention.

An Introduction to Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience

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Author : Birte U. Forstmann
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031452712
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (314 download)

Book Synopsis An Introduction to Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience by : Birte U. Forstmann

Download or read book An Introduction to Model-Based Cognitive Neuroscience written by Birte U. Forstmann and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: