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Boosting Job Growth In The Western Balkans
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Book Synopsis Boosting Job Growth in the Western Balkans by : Dmitriy Kovtun
Download or read book Boosting Job Growth in the Western Balkans written by Dmitriy Kovtun and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-01-28 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor markets in the Western Balkan countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Macedonia, Montenegro, and Serbia) are characterized by some of the highest unemployment and low employment rates in Europe. We analyze the poor labor market outcomes in these countries by comparison with the New Member States of the European Union and advanced European economies. Our findings suggest that long-lasting labor market weaknesses in the Western Balkans have structural roots: the institutional setup of the labor markets, labor cost factors, and especially the unfinished transition process. Finally, we offer policy recommendations for boosting job creation.
Book Synopsis Towards Economic Inclusion in the Western Balkans by : William Bartlett
Download or read book Towards Economic Inclusion in the Western Balkans written by William Bartlett and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-10 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The countries in the Western Balkans have been severely affected by the wars and conflicts that led to the breakup of former Yugoslavia, by political instability and the effort of creating new states, weak economies and high levels of unemployment, poverty and social exclusion, and inequality. As revealed by recent surveys, such as EBRD’s Life in Transition Survey and Eurofound’s European Quality of Life Survey, life satisfaction in the region is far below that elsewhere in Europe. In recent years they had achieved a strong impetus of economic growth with falling rates of unemployment and increasing optimism for the future. However, the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 has brought about a sudden reversal of these trends and a renewed deterioration in the economic outlook, and an increase in social hardships that heralds a repeat of past failures in economic inclusion policies. This book identifies the key challenges in the areas of economic inclusion, focusing on the themes of labour markets, vocational education and skills, female entrepreneurship and the integration of migrants. It considers the opportunities for solutions to “build back better” once the recovery from the COVID-19 crisis begins, and offers proposals for more acceptable, equitable and effective economic inclusion policies.
Book Synopsis Social Exclusion and Labour Market Challenges in the Western Balkans by : Will Bartlett
Download or read book Social Exclusion and Labour Market Challenges in the Western Balkans written by Will Bartlett and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume focuses on the challenges facing the Western Balkan countries in their efforts to deal with social exclusion and social inequality while making progress in their reform efforts to join the European Union. It examines how states have failed to offer adequate social protection to those excluded from labour markets, including women, young people, and Roma ethnic minorities, a process that has driven high rates of outward migration. It also provides a detailed introduction to the main conclusions of the various contributions gathered here, and an overview of the lessons learned, which will be of direct interest to policy makers and practitioners in the field of social cohesion in the Western Balkans. The chapters of this book are revised and updated versions of papers that were first presented at a conference of the LSEE Research Network on Social Cohesion held in Skopje in 2017, comprising the latest research by leading scholars from the region.
Book Synopsis Migration in the Western Balkans by : Russell King
Download or read book Migration in the Western Balkans written by Russell King and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration in the Western Balkans rectifies the under-investigation by migration scholars of the Western Balkans region, by bringing together recent research at a time when migration is a hot topic for the future of Europe. The book explores issues such as the complex geopolitics of the region, the relationship between migration and development, diasporas, and refugees and humanitarianism. Expert contributors present new research on economic migration, forced migration, diaspora formation and return migration at a time when migration is of crucial relevance for the future of Europe. The chapters shed new light on the multiple migration dynamics of a region which has had a troubled past yet stands on the threshold of EU membership. As a theatre of multiple migration processes Migration in the Western Balkans reveals new information on the region, and will be of great interest to scholars of migration, the Balkans and geopolitics. The chapters were originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Balkan and Near Eastern Studies.
Book Synopsis Lifting Growth in the Western Balkans by : Mr.Nadeem Ilahi
Download or read book Lifting Growth in the Western Balkans written by Mr.Nadeem Ilahi and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-11-12 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past 25 years, exports have contributed strongly to growth and economic convergence in many small open economies. However, the Western Balkan (WB) region, consisting of small emerging market economies, has not fully availed itself of this driver of growth and convergence. A lack of openness, reliance on low value products, and weak competitiveness largely explain the insignificant role of trade and exports in the region’s economic performance. This paper focuses on how the countries in the WB could lift exports through stronger integration with global value chains (GVCs) and broadening of services exports. The experience of countries that joined the European Union in or after 2004 shows that participation in GVCs can help small economies accelerate export and income growth. WB countries are not well integrated into Europe’s vibrant GVCs. Trade within the region is also limited—it tends to be bilateral and not cluster-like. Our analysis shows that by improving infrastructure and labor skills and adopting trade policies that ensure investor protection and harmonize regulations and legal provisions, the region can greatly enhance its engagement with GVCs. Services exports are an increasingly important part of global trade, and they offer an untapped source of growth. The magnitude of services exports from the WB region compares favorably with that of peers in Europe, particularly in travel services where several of these countries have a revealed comparative advantage. But there is significant room for growth in tourism exports and an untapped potential in business and information technology services exports that these countries can materialize through policy efforts that increase openness and enhance connectivity and labor skills. Serbia offers a good example of how decisive efforts, including education policies to ensure a sustained supply of skilled labor, can help information technology services exports to take off.
Book Synopsis SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2016 Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe by : OECD
Download or read book SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2016 Assessing the Implementation of the Small Business Act for Europe written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2016-04-28 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SME Policy Index is a benchmarking tool designed for emerging economies to assess SME policy frameworks and monitor progress in policy implementation over time.
Book Synopsis Western Balkans: Increasing Women's Role in the Economy by : Mr.Ruben V Atoyan
Download or read book Western Balkans: Increasing Women's Role in the Economy written by Mr.Ruben V Atoyan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Western Balkan countries have some of the lowest female labor force participation and employment rates across Europe. Almost two-thirds of working age women in the region are either inactive or unemployed: a huge bite into human capital for a region that endures high emigration and faces declining working age population. The paper uses both macro- and micro-level data to explore what explains low participation and employment rates among women in the region. Our findings show that improving educational attainment, having a more balanced family leave policy, and reducing tax wedge help improve participation of women in the labor force. However, these measures are not enough to notably improve employability of women, which require stronger growth supported by robust institutions.
Book Synopsis Late to the game? Capital flows to the Western Balkans by : Zsoka Koczan
Download or read book Late to the game? Capital flows to the Western Balkans written by Zsoka Koczan and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The boom and bust in capital flows to the New Member States of the European Union have received a considerable amount of attention; foreign direct investment and bank flows to the region and countries’ participation in regional supply chains have been well-documented. Relatively little has, however, been written about capital flows to the Western Balkans economies, which are often perceived to be ‘late arrivals’ to large capital flows. This paper aims to examine how capital flows to the Western Balkans compare with flows to the New Member States, in terms of levels as well as dynamics. We find that while financial integration took off somewhat later in the Western Balkans than in the New Member States, it has increased rapidly, despite still much lower capital account openness. Capital inflows as a share of GDP are comparable to those observed in the New Member States, (perhaps surprisingly) diverse in terms of source countries and broadly similar in composition, though with equity shares higher than they were in the New Member States at comparable levels of GDP per capita.
Book Synopsis Global Debt Dynamics by : Andreas Antoniades
Download or read book Global Debt Dynamics written by Andreas Antoniades and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume explores debt dynamics and the intensification of debt crises across the globe, bringing together several recent but underexplored debt crises from different regional and socioeconomic contexts. Using detailed case studies, the authors recast the perils of debt-based growth in the context of regional/global imbalances; not to advocate ‘one-size-fits-all’ reforms, but to point to the need for accommodating diversity. They examine how current economic developments put developing and developed countries under new strain. They also interrogate the opportunities and challenges generated for developing countries by the new development finance landscape and newly (re)emerged geopolitical tensions. The book also explores the inability of existing dominant structures and thinking to effectively manage the multiple facets of the ongoing global debt crisis, pointing to responses that exacerbate rather than address unsustainable debt dynamics. The authors illustrate the adverse effects of ad hoc crisis management mechanisms which are not fit for purpose, and indicate the negative consequences that existing policies may have for democracy. They then put forward a framework for alternative thinking as well as concrete ideas on what needs to be done, in response. This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and professionals in the field of global debt studies. It was originally published as a special issue of the online journal Third World Thematics.
Book Synopsis Economic and Policy Foundations for Growth in South East Europe by : A. Bennett
Download or read book Economic and Policy Foundations for Growth in South East Europe written by A. Bennett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-29 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume argues that a renewed commitment to sound macroeconomic policies and structural reforms is needed for countries in South East Europe, or 'the Balkans' achieve to sustainable prosperity, along with enhanced support from the international community. New fiscal and financial architecture has valuable lessons for policymakers in SEE.
Book Synopsis South-East Europe in Evolution by : Hardy Hanappi
Download or read book South-East Europe in Evolution written by Hardy Hanappi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-08-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent developments in the global economy, such as the Greek budget crisis, have led to new focus on the role of Europe, and in particular on the countries in Europe’s south-eastern region. This new volume from a global set of contributors explores south-east Europe’s present and future direction, placing it in the context of the history of the region since the end of the Second World War. Through an exploration of Europe’s cultural and political economy, this volume argues that the south-east part of Europe is currently the most crucial component of Europe’s future development. The book charts the post-World War Two ‘evolution’ of the continent, taking in such key turning points as the 1971 breakdown of the fixed exchange rate system, the breakdown of the Soviet Union in the 1990s, and the 2008 global financial collapse. In doing so, the book seeks to explain why and how the current events in south-east Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean can be seen as the weakest points in the wider capitalist system in Europe, and how the issues faced by these regions can provide insight into a possible re-design of European governance. Including a comprehensive editorial introduction, this timely and important book is fully up to date with recent global events, including the 2011 Arab Spring, and provides context and comparison with the countries in the EU.
Book Synopsis Competitiveness and Private Sector Development Competitiveness in South East Europe A Policy Outlook 2018 by : OECD
Download or read book Competitiveness and Private Sector Development Competitiveness in South East Europe A Policy Outlook 2018 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-24 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future economic development and the well-being of citizens in South East Europe (SEE) increasingly depend on greater economic competitiveness. Realising the region’s economic potential requires a holistic, growth-oriented policy approach. Against the backdrop of enhanced European Union (EU) ...
Book Synopsis Formalizing the Shadow Economy in Serbia by : Gorana Krstić
Download or read book Formalizing the Shadow Economy in Serbia written by Gorana Krstić and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-21 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this book is to develop a strategy and policy measures to enhance the formalization of the shadow economy in order to improve the competitiveness of the economy and contribute to economic growth; it explores these issues with special reference to Serbia. The size and development of the shadow economy in Serbia and other Central and Eastern European countries are estimated using two different methods (the MIMIC method and household-tax-compliance method). Micro-estimates are based on a special survey of business entities in Serbia, which for the first time allows us to explore the shadow economy from the perspective of enterprises and entrepreneurs. The authors identify the types of shadow economy at work in business entities, the determinants of shadow economy participation, and the impact of competition from the informal sector on businesses. Readers will learn both about the potential fiscal effects of reducing the shadow economy to the levels observed in more developed countries and the effects that formalization of the shadow economy can have on economic growth.
Book Synopsis Hope and Strength in the Western Balkans by :
Download or read book Hope and Strength in the Western Balkans written by and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Western Balkans have been a crossing point between Central Europe and the East for centuries. Devastated by tragic conflicts, nationalism and neglected investments, the Western Balkan countries are striving to find a new equilibrium. Citizens and institutions in the Balkans have repeatedly affirmed their ambition to become part of the European Union and have made significant efforts to turn this dream into reality. The European Investment Bank (EIB) has done a lot in this region over the past 20 years. It has helped build pan-European transport corridors, supported direct foreign investment, helped redevelop urban areas, provided technical assistance and additional finance to enhance and develop social and economic infrastructure, and stimulated private sector growth to create jobs. Looking ahead, there is hope for a brighter and greener future for the Western Balkans. Matteo Rivellini is the Head of Division in charge of lending operations in Slovenia, Croatia and the Western Balkans at the EIB. This is the thirteenth essay in the Big Ideas series created by the European Investment Bank.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1498329071 Total Pages :64 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Montenegro by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Montenegro written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-02-04 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: KEY ISSUES Context: Moderate growth is continuing; however credit and wage growth are weak. The level of nonperforming loans (NPLs) remains high and public debt has risen sharply in recent years. Fiscal policy: Medium-term funding needs to roll over existing debt and to fund budget deficits are large. A new highway, budgeted to cost about one quarter of GDP, will cause deficits to widen and add to public debt. The draft 2015 budget shows appropriate restraint on other spending, but a long period of strong fiscal discipline will be needed to manage fiscal risks. Laying out clear long-term plans for managing the public finances would boost credibility and reduce risks to market access. Fundamental expenditure reform, especially of the pension system and the public sector wage bill, would be an essential part of such plans. Financial sector: The banking system’s liquidity appears comfortable; however, profitability is low and lending spreads are high. Regulatory provisioning is set higher than that reported under international accounting standards, but a wide range of provisioning levels across banks and weak incentives to take losses remain concerns. A more transparent and comprehensive reporting environment would be beneficial. Reforms to ensure better enforcement of contracts and collateral would help bring down structural lending risk premia. Structural reform: Higher levels of labor participation and employment are needed to boost potential growth and safeguard the public finances. Ensuring that wages adjust in line with productivity alongside reforms to achieve better employment outcomes and boost productivity would enhance the economy’s ability to respond to macroeconomic shocks, and are even more important in a country that lacks its own currency and with decreasing fiscal buffers.
Author :International Monetary Fund. European Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1513551396 Total Pages :38 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (135 download)
Book Synopsis Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia by : International Monetary Fund. European Dept.
Download or read book Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia written by International Monetary Fund. European Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2015-09-03 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper analyzes export competitiveness in the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYR Macedonia). Export performance in FYR Macedonia has been strong over the last decade, critically contributing to overall growth. Exports have been re-oriented toward new products with higher technological content, allowing for the build-up of revealed comparative advantages in these products. The analysis based on Constant Market Share analysis shows that the overall competitiveness gap of FYR Macedonia with respect to other emerging European countries has narrowed. There appears to be significant room for quality improvement, including for the most successful export products. Although the contribution of exports to GDP growth has been significant, spillover into the domestic tradable sector from the foreign investment led export sector remains limited so far.
Book Synopsis Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes by : Nathalie Burnay
Download or read book Older Workers and Labour Market Exclusion Processes written by Nathalie Burnay and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-11-09 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book addresses the important and neglected question of older workers who are excluded from the labour market. It challenges post-capitalist discourses of active ageing with a focus on restrictive end-of-career and retirement measures. The book demonstrates how a paradigm shift is generating real processes of exclusion for important sectors of the population. By providing strong empirical evidence from different contexts, the impact of different life course trajectories on the risks and the opportunities at the end of career are demonstrated. The organisation of workplace and institutional frameworks which reinforce inequalities are also presented. As such the book is an essential reading for students, academics and policy makers who seek to understand how exclusion processes operate to the disadvantage of older workers in the labour market.
