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African Traditional Medicine Autonomy And Informed Consent
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Book Synopsis African Traditional Medicine: Autonomy and Informed Consent by : Peter Ikechukwu Osuji
Download or read book African Traditional Medicine: Autonomy and Informed Consent written by Peter Ikechukwu Osuji and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-18 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on informed consent in African Traditional Medicine (ATM). ATM forms a large portion of the healthcare systems in Africa. WHO statistics show that as much as 80% of the population in Africa uses traditional medicine for primary health care. With such a large constituency, it follows that ATM and its practices should receive more attention in bioethics. By comparing the ethics of care approach with the ATM approach to Relational Autonomy In Consent (RAIC), the authors argue that the ATM focus on consent based on consensus constitutes a legitimate informed consent. This book is distinctive insofar as it employs the ethics of care as a hermeneutic to interpret ATM. The analysis examines the ethics of care movement in Western bioethics to explore its relational approach to informed consent. Additionally, this is the first known study that discusses healthcare ethics committees in ATM.
Book Synopsis Bioethics in Africa: Theories and Praxis by : Yaw A. Frimpong-Mansoh
Download or read book Bioethics in Africa: Theories and Praxis written by Yaw A. Frimpong-Mansoh and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2019-04-23 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioethics urges us to question and debate fundamental moral issues that arise in health-related sciences. However, as a result of Western dominance and globalization, bioethical thinking and practice has inevitably been shaped and defined by Western theories. With recent discussions centering on the relationship between culture and bioethics, it is important to consider how and to what extent can bioethics reflect and accommodate non-Western values and beliefs? Debatably, many scholars working in the field of ‘African bioethics’ seek to construct a bioethical practice that is grounded in indigenous African values. Yet, how relevant are ancient African cultural norms to the lives and realities of the 21st century Sub-Saharan-Africans? This edited volume explores bioethics in Africa from pluralistic and inter-cultural perspectives. The selected papers offer diverse theoretical and practical perspectives on the bioethical challenges that are common and specific to the lives of Sub-Sahara Africans. The contributors define bioethics broadly (beyond ethical issues relating to biomedical and biotechnological science) to include applied ethics that concern all aspects of life. Multidisciplinary in approach, the contributions to this book consider bioethics in relation to philosophy, social work, psychiatry, African studies, religious studies, psychology, and medicine. The broad scope of this volume means it will be of interest to those studying and working in bioethics as well as the fields mentioned above.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Bioethics by : Mohammed Ali Al-Bar
Download or read book Contemporary Bioethics written by Mohammed Ali Al-Bar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-27 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the common principles of morality and ethics derived from divinely endowed intuitive reason through the creation of al-fitr' a (nature) and human intellect (al-‘aql). Biomedical topics are presented and ethical issues related to topics such as genetic testing, assisted reproduction and organ transplantation are discussed. Whereas these natural sources are God’s special gifts to human beings, God’s revelation as given to the prophets is the supernatural source of divine guidance through which human communities have been guided at all times through history. The second part of the book concentrates on the objectives of Islamic religious practice – the maqa' sid – which include: Preservation of Faith, Preservation of Life, Preservation of Mind (intellect and reason), Preservation of Progeny (al-nasl) and Preservation of Property. Lastly, the third part of the book discusses selected topical issues, including abortion, assisted reproduction devices, genetics, organ transplantation, brain death and end-of-life aspects. For each topic, the current medical evidence is followed by a detailed discussion of the ethical issues involved.
Book Synopsis Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the United States by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the United States written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-13 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integration of complementary and alternative medicine therapies (CAM) with conventional medicine is occurring in hospitals and physicians offices, health maintenance organizations (HMOs) are covering CAM therapies, insurance coverage for CAM is increasing, and integrative medicine centers and clinics are being established, many with close ties to medical schools and teaching hospitals. In determining what care to provide, the goal should be comprehensive care that uses the best scientific evidence available regarding benefits and harm, encourages a focus on healing, recognizes the importance of compassion and caring, emphasizes the centrality of relationship-based care, encourages patients to share in decision making about therapeutic options, and promotes choices in care that can include complementary therapies where appropriate. Numerous approaches to delivering integrative medicine have evolved. Complementary and Alternative Medicine in the United States identifies an urgent need for health systems research that focuses on identifying the elements of these models, the outcomes of care delivered in these models, and whether these models are cost-effective when compared to conventional practice settings. It outlines areas of research in convention and CAM therapies, ways of integrating these therapies, development of curriculum that provides further education to health professionals, and an amendment of the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act to improve quality, accurate labeling, research into use of supplements, incentives for privately funded research into their efficacy, and consumer protection against all potential hazards.
Download or read book Integral Ecology written by Gerard Magill and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-11 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book is a collection of essays presented at the 2nd annual Integrity of Creation Conference at Duquesne University, USA, and thus represents the 2nd Conference Proceedings of an annual endowed series. The title of this conference was “Protecting Our Common Home,” adopted in the title of this volume. The concept of Integral Ecology conveys the indispensable inter-relation of topics, expertise, and specialties in the quest to protect the planet whose environment may face catastrophic threat. A leitmotif throughout the book is the ecological encyclical of Pope Francis called Laudato Si’: On Care for our Common Home, published in 2015. Indeed, the title of the volume refers to the phrase “integral ecology” and the challenge to “protect our common home” in the encyclical. Although the inspiration for the title comes from a religious leader, the analysis engages both secular and religious perspectives on crucial issues that threaten the ecology of our planet. The sections of the book are divided into the context of the problem, environmental science, social science, religion and ethics, and advocacy.
Book Synopsis The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks by : Rebecca Skloot
Download or read book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks written by Rebecca Skloot and published by Crown. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “The story of modern medicine and bioethics—and, indeed, race relations—is refracted beautifully, and movingly.”—Entertainment Weekly NOW A MAJOR MOTION PICTURE FROM HBO® STARRING OPRAH WINFREY AND ROSE BYRNE • ONE OF THE “MOST INFLUENTIAL” (CNN), “DEFINING” (LITHUB), AND “BEST” (THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER) BOOKS OF THE DECADE • ONE OF ESSENCE’S 50 MOST IMPACTFUL BLACK BOOKS OF THE PAST 50 YEARS • WINNER OF THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE HEARTLAND PRIZE FOR NONFICTION NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Review • Entertainment Weekly • O: The Oprah Magazine • NPR • Financial Times • New York • Independent (U.K.) • Times (U.K.) • Publishers Weekly • Library Journal • Kirkus Reviews • Booklist • Globe and Mail Her name was Henrietta Lacks, but scientists know her as HeLa. She was a poor Southern tobacco farmer who worked the same land as her slave ancestors, yet her cells—taken without her knowledge—became one of the most important tools in medicine: The first “immortal” human cells grown in culture, which are still alive today, though she has been dead for more than sixty years. HeLa cells were vital for developing the polio vaccine; uncovered secrets of cancer, viruses, and the atom bomb’s effects; helped lead to important advances like in vitro fertilization, cloning, and gene mapping; and have been bought and sold by the billions. Yet Henrietta Lacks remains virtually unknown, buried in an unmarked grave. Henrietta’s family did not learn of her “immortality” until more than twenty years after her death, when scientists investigating HeLa began using her husband and children in research without informed consent. And though the cells had launched a multimillion-dollar industry that sells human biological materials, her family never saw any of the profits. As Rebecca Skloot so brilliantly shows, the story of the Lacks family—past and present—is inextricably connected to the dark history of experimentation on African Americans, the birth of bioethics, and the legal battles over whether we control the stuff we are made of. Over the decade it took to uncover this story, Rebecca became enmeshed in the lives of the Lacks family—especially Henrietta’s daughter Deborah. Deborah was consumed with questions: Had scientists cloned her mother? Had they killed her to harvest her cells? And if her mother was so important to medicine, why couldn’t her children afford health insurance? Intimate in feeling, astonishing in scope, and impossible to put down, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks captures the beauty and drama of scientific discovery, as well as its human consequences.
Book Synopsis Bioethics in Africa: Theories and Praxis by : Yaw A. Frimpong-Mansoh
Download or read book Bioethics in Africa: Theories and Praxis written by Yaw A. Frimpong-Mansoh and published by Vernon Press. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioethics urges us to question and debate fundamental moral issues that arise in health-related sciences. However, as a result of Western dominance and globalization, bioethical thinking and practice has inevitably been shaped and defined by Western theories. With recent discussions centering on the relationship between culture and bioethics, it is important to consider how and to what extent can bioethics reflect and accommodate non-Western values and beliefs? Debatably, many scholars working in the field of ‘African bioethics’ seek to construct a bioethical practice that is grounded in indigenous African values. Yet, how relevant are ancient African cultural norms to the lives and realities of the 21st century Sub-Saharan-Africans? This edited volume explores bioethics in Africa from pluralistic and inter-cultural perspectives. The selected papers offer diverse theoretical and practical perspectives on the bioethical challenges that are common and specific to the lives of Sub-Sahara Africans. The contributors define bioethics broadly (beyond ethical issues relating to biomedical and biotechnological science) to include applied ethics that concern all aspects of life. Multidisciplinary in approach, the contributions to this book consider bioethics in relation to philosophy, social work, psychiatry, African studies, religious studies, psychology, and medicine. The broad scope of this volume means it will be of interest to those studying and working in bioethics as well as the fields mentioned above.
Book Synopsis Empirical Bioethics by : Jonathan Ives
Download or read book Empirical Bioethics written by Jonathan Ives and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-22 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioethics has long been accepted as an interdisciplinary field. The recent 'empirical turn' in bioethics is, however, creating challenges that move beyond those of simple interdisciplinary collaboration, as researchers grapple with the methodological, empirical and meta-ethical challenges of combining the normative and the empirical, as well as navigating the difficulties that can arise from attempts to transcend traditional disciplinary boundaries. Empirical Bioethics: Theoretical and Practical Perspectives brings together contributions from leading experts in the field which speak to these challenges, providing insight into how they can be understood and suggestions for how they might be overcome. Combining discussions of meta-ethical challenges, examples of different methodologies for integrating empirical and normative research, and reflection on the challenges of conducting and publishing such work, this book will both introduce the novice to the field and challenge the expert.
Book Synopsis Contemporary Development Ethics from an African Perspective by : Beatrice Okyere-Manu
Download or read book Contemporary Development Ethics from an African Perspective written by Beatrice Okyere-Manu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-29 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers fresh academic insights, reflections, questions, issues, and approaches to development ethics, taking into account, African values and ethics. Development ethics is an area of applied ethics that examines the moral issues involved in global, social, and economic transformation. While it is a relatively new discipline, there have been numerous scholarly publications on it from Western perspectives. However, only a few studies that focused on development ethics from the African perspective. To address this gap, the book seeks to answer critical questions such as "What does development mean to Africans?", "How can we measure development?", "Who gets to decide?", and "What constitutes just development in Africa?" With contributions from African scholars from diverse backgrounds, the book covers various development themes such as Theories and approaches to development ethics in Africa, Environmental Ethics and African Development, Ethics, Politics and African Development, Migration and African development, Gender, Ethics and Socio-economic Development in Africa, Education, Ethics and African development. It is an essential resource for researchers, lecturers, and students interested in political philosophy and African culture studies.
Book Synopsis Social Science Research Ethics in Africa by : Nico Nortjé
Download or read book Social Science Research Ethics in Africa written by Nico Nortjé and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a voice to debates surrounding social science research ethics in Africa and brings them together in a coherent form to assist readers in being at the forefront of the discussions. The book gives an overview of the importance of research ethics in social sciences, as well as articulating the African influence on the subject matter. Subsequently it looks into specific frameworks and tools that researchers can apply in the process of doing research. Last but not least it also takes an in-depth look at traditional ethical issues pertaining to research in social sciences, through the lens of the African continent. This is the first book on social science research ethics in an African context and an indispensable resource for researchers, students, policy makers and research institutions in or interested in African research ethics.
Book Synopsis African Indigenous Ethics in Global Bioethics by : Leonard Tumaini Chuwa
Download or read book African Indigenous Ethics in Global Bioethics written by Leonard Tumaini Chuwa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-08 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book educates whilst also challenging the contemporary schools of thought within philosophical and religious ethics. In addition, it underlines the fact that the substance of ethics in general and bioethics/healthcare ethics specifically, is much more expansive and inclusive than is usually thought. Bioethics is a relatively new academic discipline. However, ethics has existed informally since before the time of Hippocrates. The indigenous culture of African peoples has an ethical worldview which predates the western discourse. This indigenous ethical worldview has been orally transmitted over centuries. The earliest known written African text containing some concepts and content of ethics is the “Declaration of Innocence” written in 1500 B.C., found in an Egyptian text. Ubuntu is an example of African culture that presents an ethical worldview. This work interprets the culture of Ubuntu to explain the contribution of a representative indigenous African ethics to global bioethics. Many modern scholars have written about the meaning of Ubuntu for African societies over centuries. Some scholars have viewed Ubuntu as the greatest contribution of African cultures to other world cultures. None of the scholars, however has explored the culture of Ubuntu as providing a representative indigenous ethics that can contribute to global bioethics as discussed in this book.
Book Synopsis Clinical Ethics in Anesthesiology by : Gail A. Van Norman
Download or read book Clinical Ethics in Anesthesiology written by Gail A. Van Norman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-10-28 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethical issues facing anesthesiologists are more far-reaching than those involving virtually any other medical specialty. In this clinical ethics textbook, authors from across the USA, Canada and Europe draw on ethical principles and practical knowledge to provide a realistic understanding of ethical anesthetic practice. The result is a compilation of expert opinion and international perspectives from clinical leaders in anesthesiology. Building on real-life, case-based problems, each chapter is clinically focused and addresses both practical and theoretical issues. Topics include general operating room care, pediatric and obstetrical patient care, the intensive care unit, pain practice, research and publication, as well as discussions of lethal injection, disclosure of errors, expert witness testimony, triage in disaster and conflicts of interest with industry. An important reference tool for any anesthesiologist, whether clinical or research-oriented, this book is especially valuable for physicians involved in teaching residents and students about the ethical aspects of anesthesia practice.
Book Synopsis Community, Autonomy and Informed Consent by : Pamela J. Lomelino
Download or read book Community, Autonomy and Informed Consent written by Pamela J. Lomelino and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2015-02-05 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In using the example of informed consent guidelines for international research on human subjects, this book demonstrates one of the many useful ways that philosophy can be used to move from theory to praxis by providing a general picture of how a philosophical analysis of underlying concepts can affect the way that public policy is framed; the ways that such policies are exclusionary; and a general methodology for remedying injustices in public policy and practice once they have been identified. With diseases, such as AIDS, reaching epidemic proportions in less developed countries, medical research on human subjects in these areas is on the rise. Current international guidelines for research on human subjects stress the importance of informed consent, which is meant to ensure that people freely choose whether to participate in research trials. In an effort to be more globally applicable, many current international ethical guidelines for informed consent in research on human subjects attempt to incorporate community in the informed consent process. This book explains how these attempts encounter two primary problems: (1) they fail to adequately acknowledge the importance community has for many people in less developed countries; and (2) they fail to attend to the constraints to autonomy that oftentimes become magnified once community is involved in the informed consent process. The reason for these shortcomings can be traced to the current account of autonomy reflected in international informed consent guidelines, which is here referred to as the traditional account of autonomy. Although traditional autonomy can account for what this book defines as external constraints to autonomy, it is unequipped to recognize the internal constraints which arise in the medical context. In order to adequately recognize the importance of community in autonomy and to attend to internal constraints to autonomy, it is essential to adopt an account of relational autonomy. Using such a relational autonomy account, the book provides a set of minimally sufficient ethical conditions that can assist policy makers in revising international informed consent guidelines in research on human subjects, so that these guidelines better attend to community involvement in the informed consent process. To demonstrate how these conditions might be used, the book also presents examples of possible revisions to the CIOMS Ethical Guidelines, one of the leading international ethical guidelines for research on human subjects.
Author :Fr. Leonard Tumaini Chuwa Publisher :Christian Faith Publishing, Inc. ISBN 13 :1098094417 Total Pages :195 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (98 download)
Book Synopsis Bioethical False Truths by : Fr. Leonard Tumaini Chuwa
Download or read book Bioethical False Truths written by Fr. Leonard Tumaini Chuwa and published by Christian Faith Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2022-03-09 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autonomy is either relational or it does not exist at all. All life is irreducibly relational and human personhood is helplessly engaging and being engaged by all life. Significant as individual personal consciousness is, consciousness of others as fellow selves is a higher form of consciousness. It is the other selves that define and affirm the autonomous individual. Relationality is the basis of autonomy. This work claims that autonomy should not undermine relationality and that individual good is based on common good. Overemphasizing autonomy may lead to moral relativism, hence ethical anarchism. Veracity ought to be the proto-principle of bioethics.
Book Synopsis Foundation of Ethics-Based Practices by : Birthe Loa Knizek
Download or read book Foundation of Ethics-Based Practices written by Birthe Loa Knizek and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-01 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contrasts earlier textbooks on “evidence-based practices.” Whereas the latter is a slogan that call for scientific evidence to be used in standardized treatment manuals, ethics-based practices call for individualized treatment that makes the situation meaningful for the patient. The main argument for changing the treatment design from being evidence-based to one based on ethics, is the hypothesis that good health care is based on treatment which makes the situation positive and meaningful for the patient. The awareness for this is primarily provided by ethical considerations.
Book Synopsis Public Health Disasters: A Global Ethical Framework by : Michael Olusegun Afolabi
Download or read book Public Health Disasters: A Global Ethical Framework written by Michael Olusegun Afolabi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-27 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the first critical examination of the overlapping ethical, sociocultural, and policy-related issues surrounding disasters, global bioethics, and public health ethics. These issues are elucidated under the conceptual rubric: Public health disasters (PHDs). The book defines PHDs as public health issues with devastating social consequences, the attendant public health impacts of natural or man-made disasters, and latent or low prevalence public health issues with the potential to rapidly acquire pandemic capacities. This notion is illustrated using Ebola and pandemic influenza outbreaks, atypical drug-resistant tuberculosis, and the health emergencies of earthquakes as focal points. Drawing on an approach that reckons with microbial, existential, and anthropological realities; the book develops a relational-based global ethical framework that can help address the local, anthropological, ecological, and transnational dynamics of the ethical issues engendered by public health disasters. The book also charts some of the critical roles that relevant local and transnational stakeholders may play in translating the proposed global ethical framework from the sphere of concept to the arena of action. This title is of immense benefit to bioethics scholars, public and global health policy experts, as well as graduate students working in the area of global health, public health ethics, and disaster bioethics.
Book Synopsis Global Health Informatics by : Leo Anthony G. Celi
Download or read book Global Health Informatics written by Leo Anthony G. Celi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2017-04-14 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Key concepts, frameworks, examples, and lessons learned in designing and implementing health information and communication technology systems in the developing world. The widespread usage of mobile phones that bring computational power and data to our fingertips has enabled new models for tracking and battling disease. The developing world in particular has become a proving ground for innovation in eHealth (using communication and technology tools in healthcare) and mHealth (using the affordances of mobile technology in eHealth systems). In this book, experts from a variety of disciplines—among them computer science, medicine, public health, policy, and business—discuss key concepts, frameworks, examples, and lessons learned in designing and implementing digital health systems in the developing world. The contributors consider such topics as global health disparities and quality of care; aligning eHealth strategies with government policy; the role of monitoring and evaluation in improving care; databases, patient registries, and electronic health records; the lifecycle of a digital health system project; software project management; privacy and security; and evaluating health technology systems.
