Womens Work And Identity In Eighteenth Century Brittany

Download Womens Work And Identity In Eighteenth Century Brittany full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Womens Work And Identity In Eighteenth Century Brittany ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Women's Work and Identity in Eighteenth-Century Brittany

Author : Nancy Locklin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134781229
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women's Work and Identity in Eighteenth-Century Brittany by : Nancy Locklin

Download or read book Women's Work and Identity in Eighteenth-Century Brittany written by Nancy Locklin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-02-17 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on a solid foundation of archival research that ranges from tax rolls to notarial records, this study adds an important chapter to our understanding of women in pre-industrial Europe. Through a rigorous examination of primary documents peculiar to eighteenth-century Brittany, the author demonstrates the difficulties engendered in broad generalities about European women, and makes a strong case for the necessity for historians to account for regional differences in women's experiences. In particular, Nancy Locklin makes a compelling argument for the need to incorporate a broader basis upon which women attained their identity. Indeed, Locklin rightly contends that most women in pre-industrial European societies were recognized (and perhaps saw themselves) through a variety of identities over the course of their lives, depending on their age, familial connections, marital status, and the type of work they performed, and that often these identities overlapped. Locklin also shows the extent to which legal and ideological prescriptions painted a relatively negative picture of women's status, but that a close examination of women's participation in family, community, and commercial affairs reveals a much more complex and divergent reality.

Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France

Author : Daryl M. Hafter
Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 0807158321
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France by : Daryl M. Hafter

Download or read book Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France written by Daryl M. Hafter and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eighteenth century, French women were active in a wide range of employments-from printmaking to running whole-sale businesses-although social and legal structures frequently limited their capacity to work independently. The contributors to Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France reveal how women at all levels of society negotiated these structures with determination and ingenuity in order to provide for themselves and their families. Recent historiography on women and work in eighteenth-century France has focused on the model of the "family economy," in which women's work existed as part of the communal effort to keep the family afloat, usually in support of the patriarch's occupation. The ten essays in this volume offer case studies that complicate the conventional model: wives of ship captains managed family businesses in their husbands' extended absences; high-end prostitutes managed their own households; female weavers, tailors, and merchants increasingly appeared on eighteenth-century tax rolls and guild membership lists; and female members of the nobility possessed and wielded the same legal power as their male counterparts. Examining female workers within and outside of the context of family, Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France challenges current scholarly assumptions about gender and labor. This stimulating and important collection of essays broadens our understanding of the diversity, vitality, and crucial importance of women's work in the eighteenth-century economy.

Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France

Author : Daryl M. Hafter
Publisher : LSU Press
ISBN 13 : 080715833X
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (71 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France by : Daryl M. Hafter

Download or read book Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France written by Daryl M. Hafter and published by LSU Press. This book was released on 2015-01-12 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the eighteenth century, French women were active in a wide range of employments-from printmaking to running whole-sale businesses-although social and legal structures frequently limited their capacity to work independently. The contributors to Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France reveal how women at all levels of society negotiated these structures with determination and ingenuity in order to provide for themselves and their families. Recent historiography on women and work in eighteenth-century France has focused on the model of the "family economy," in which women's work existed as part of the communal effort to keep the family afloat, usually in support of the patriarch's occupation. The ten essays in this volume offer case studies that complicate the conventional model: wives of ship captains managed family businesses in their husbands' extended absences; high-end prostitutes managed their own households; female weavers, tailors, and merchants increasingly appeared on eighteenth-century tax rolls and guild membership lists; and female members of the nobility possessed and wielded the same legal power as their male counterparts. Examining female workers within and outside of the context of family, Women and Work in Eighteenth-Century France challenges current scholarly assumptions about gender and labor. This stimulating and important collection of essays broadens our understanding of the diversity, vitality, and crucial importance of women's work in the eighteenth-century economy.

Women in Eighteenth-Century Scotland

Author : Deborah Simonton
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134774923
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women in Eighteenth-Century Scotland by : Deborah Simonton

Download or read book Women in Eighteenth-Century Scotland written by Deborah Simonton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-12-05 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eighteenth century looms large in the Scottish imagination. It is a century that saw the doubling of the population, rapid urbanisation, industrial growth, the political Union of 1707, the Jacobite Rebellions and the Enlightenment - events that were intrinsic to the creation of the modern nation and to putting Scotland on the international map. The impact of the era on modern Scotland can be seen in the numerous buildings named after the luminaries of the period - Adam Smith, David Hume, William Robertson - the endorsement of Robert Burns as the national poet/hero, the preservation of the Culloden battlefield as a tourist attraction, and the physical geographies of its major towns. Yet, while it is a century that remains central to modern constructions of national identity, it is a period associated with men. Until recently, the history of women in eighteenth-century Scotland, with perhaps the honourable exception of Flora McDonald, remained unwritten. Over the last decade however, research on women and gender in Scotland has flourished and we have an increasingly full picture of women's lives at all social levels across the century. As a result, this is an appropriate moment to reflect on what we know about Scottish women during the eighteenth century, to ask how their history affects the traditional narratives of the period, and to reflect on the implications for a national history of Scotland and Scottish identity. Divided into three sections, covering women's intimate, intellectual and public lives, this interdisciplinary volume offers articles on women's work, criminal activity, clothing, family, education, writing, travel and more. Applying tools from history, art anthropology, cultural studies, and English literature, it draws on a wide-range of sources, from the written to the visual, to highlight the diversity of women's experiences and to challenge current male-centric historiographies.

High Dimensional Space to Formulate Marriage and Birth Functions

Author : Shuichirou Ike
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429594461
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis High Dimensional Space to Formulate Marriage and Birth Functions by : Shuichirou Ike

Download or read book High Dimensional Space to Formulate Marriage and Birth Functions written by Shuichirou Ike and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-07-07 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the collapse of Demographic Transition Theory, new theories of population must not just be explanations, but should be falsifiable theories which can compute the number of occurrences of marriages and births. This book reviews computable marriage and birth function using dynamic properties. To do that, the functions are defined in high dimensional space. The reaction-diffusion equation of the number of children in a space is applied to these phenomena, providing solutions to many problems concerning a decline in fertility. The functions are developed as stochastic maps based on the present behaviors of successive behaviors in a geographical space. As we assume that there is an inter-dependence of human behaviors, we use the law of dynamics concerning the function of marriage and birth. The exact mathematical definition of interactions in a space naturally implies a causal relation. For the function concerning the number of children of parents, two geographical-dimensional spaces are required. The decline in fertility in Belgium due to different languages is explained, and the longer fertility period in Brittany is explained by the Laplacian of the diffusion equation. Depending on the degree of symbolic control over behaviors, we need to add the degree of the dimension of the space. For the marriage function, we add age as a biological dimension to the geographical space. In this higher dimensional space, the mapping from neighboring present marriages to neighboring successive marriages is no less than that of the marriage function. These chain reactions caused the baby boom as an exothermal reaction-diffusion. Birth functions require one to add the marriage-age dimension to two geographical and age dimensions so that it is a five dimensional hypersurface. It can, thus, determine birth probabilities of a female who married at a certain age. The phenomenon of modern fertility decline may only be the result of these chain reactions. These processes are solely dependent upon time-space, and not on socioeconomic conditions. This is the very reason why we are able to predict it mathematically. The book provides a new thinking in fertility decline for demographic research. Readers need to be aware that the fertility decline experienced throughout the modern era is a spatial pattern formation (as a reaction-diffusion). The author hopes new mathematical applications in human activities are developed through these new models.

Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848

Author : Siobhán McIlvanney
Publisher : Liverpool University Press
ISBN 13 : 1786949938
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (869 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848 by : Siobhán McIlvanney

Download or read book Figurations of the Feminine in the Early French Women’s Press, 1758–1848 written by Siobhán McIlvanney and published by Liverpool University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-28 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The origins and early years of the French women’s press represent a pivotal period in the history of French women’s self-expression and their feminist and cultural consciousness. Through a range of insightful textual analyses, this book highlights the political significance of this critically neglected literary medium.

A Social and Cultural History of Early Modern France

Author : William Beik
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 0521883091
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis A Social and Cultural History of Early Modern France by : William Beik

Download or read book A Social and Cultural History of Early Modern France written by William Beik and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-05-14 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A magisterial history of French society between the end of the middle ages and the Revolution by one of the world's leading authorities on early modern France. Using colorful examples and incorporating the latest scholarship, William Beik conveys the distinctiveness of early modern society and identifies the cultural practices that defined the lives of people at all levels of society. Painting a vivid picture of the realities of everyday life, he reveals how society functioned and how the different classes interacted. In addition to chapters on nobles, peasants, city people, and the court, the book sheds new light on the Catholic church, the army, popular protest, the culture of violence, gendered relations, and sociability. This is a major new work that restores the ancien régime as a key epoch in its own right and not simply as the prelude to the coming Revolution.

Early Professional Women in Northern Europe, c. 1650-1850

Author : Johanna Ilmakunnas
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317146735
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Early Professional Women in Northern Europe, c. 1650-1850 by : Johanna Ilmakunnas

Download or read book Early Professional Women in Northern Europe, c. 1650-1850 written by Johanna Ilmakunnas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on early examples of women who may be said to have anticipated, in one way or another, modern professional and/or career-oriented women. The contributors to the book discuss women who may at least in some respect be seen as professionally ambitious, unlike the great majority of working women in the past. In order to improve their positions or to find better business opportunities, the women discussed in this book invested in developing their qualifications and professional skills, took economic or other kinds of risks, or moved to other countries. Socially, they range from elite women to women of middle-class and lower middle-class origin. In terms of theory, the book brings fresh insights into issues that have been long discussed in the field of women’s history and are also debated today. However, despite its focus on women, the book is conceptually not so much focused on gender as it is on profession, business, career, qualifications, skills, and work. By applying such concepts to analyzing women’s endeavours, the book aims at challenging the conventional ideas about them.

Gendering Spaces in European Towns, 1500-1914

Author : Elaine Chalus
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317976487
Total Pages : 377 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (179 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Gendering Spaces in European Towns, 1500-1914 by : Elaine Chalus

Download or read book Gendering Spaces in European Towns, 1500-1914 written by Elaine Chalus and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-13 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Towns are imagined, lived and experienced, as much as they are conceived and constructed. They reflect cultural and intellectual currents, prevailing economic climates and unresolved tensions. They are physical entities, shaped by topography, time and technology, as well as social and spatial constructs. They are also always gendered and contested spaces. This volume, the last from the Gender in the European Town (GENETON) project, approaches life in the European town over time and across class and national boundaries. Through contextualized case studies, it provides scholars and students with new research—snapshots—of contemporary physical and built environments that explores how contemporary urban residents experienced and deployed gendered urban spaces over an important period of modernization.

Women’s Work and Rights in Early Modern Urban Europe

Author : Anna Bellavitis
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319965417
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women’s Work and Rights in Early Modern Urban Europe by : Anna Bellavitis

Download or read book Women’s Work and Rights in Early Modern Urban Europe written by Anna Bellavitis and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades, women’s role in the workforce has dramatically changed, though gender inequality persists and for women, gender identity still prevails over work identity. It is important not to forget or diminish the historical role of women in the labour market though and this book proposes a critical overview of the most recent historical research on women’s roles in economic urban activities. Covering a wide area of early modern Europe, from Portugal to Poland and from Scandinavia to the Mediterranean, Bellavitis presents an overview of the economic rights of women – property, inheritance, management of their wealth, access to the guilds, access to education – and assesses the evolution of female work in different urban contexts.

Female Agency in the Urban Economy

Author : Deborah Simonton
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136275037
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (362 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Female Agency in the Urban Economy by : Deborah Simonton

Download or read book Female Agency in the Urban Economy written by Deborah Simonton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative new book is overtly and explicitly about female agency in eighteenth-century European towns. However, it positions female activity and decisions unequivocally in an urban world of institutions, laws, regulations, customs and ideologies. Gender politics complicated and shaped the day-to-day experiences of working women. Town rules and customs, as well as police and guilds’ regulations, affected women’s participation in the urban economy: most of the time, the formally recognized and legally accepted power of women – which is an essential component of female agency – was very limited. Yet these chapters draw attention to how women navigated these gendered terrains. As the book demonstrates, "exclusion" is too strong a word for the realities and pragmatism of women’s everyday lives. Frequently guild and corporate regulations were more about situating women and regulating their activities, rather than preventing them from operating in the urban economy. Similarly corporate structures, which were under stress, found flexible strategies to incorporate women who through their own initiative and activities put pressure on the systems. Women could benefit from the contradictions between moral and social unwritten norms and economic regulations, and could take advantage of the tolerance or complicity of urban authorities towards illicit practices. Women with a grasp of their rights and privileges could defend themselves and exploit legal systems with its loopholes and contradictions to achieve economic independence and power.

Women and Business since 1500

Author : Béatrice Craig
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 113703324X
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Women and Business since 1500 by : Béatrice Craig

Download or read book Women and Business since 1500 written by Béatrice Craig and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume surveys the role women have played in various types of business as owners, co-owners and decision-making managers in European and North American societies since the sixteenth century. Drawing on up-to-date scholarship, it identifies the economic, social, legal and cultural factors that have facilitated or restricted women's participation in business. It pays particular attention to the ways in which gender norms, and their evolution, shaped not only those women's experience of business, but the ways they were perceived by contemporaries, documented in sources and, partly as a consequence, viewed by historians.

The Return of the Guilds: Volume 16

Author : Jan Lucassen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521737654
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (376 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Return of the Guilds: Volume 16 by : Jan Lucassen

Download or read book The Return of the Guilds: Volume 16 written by Jan Lucassen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using recent approaches in economic, social, labour and institutional history, this volume analyses guilds in the period 500-1700 AD.

The European Guilds

Author : Sheilagh Ogilvie
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691217025
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (912 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The European Guilds by : Sheilagh Ogilvie

Download or read book The European Guilds written by Sheilagh Ogilvie and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Guilds ruled many crafts and trades from the Middle Ages to the Industrial Revolution, and have always attracted debate and controversy. They were sometimes viewed as efficient institutions that guaranteed quality and skills. But they also excluded competitors, manipulated markets, and blocked innovations. Did the benefits of guilds outweigh their costs? Analyzing thousands of guilds that dominated European economies from 1000 to 1880, The European Guilds uses vivid examples and clear economic reasoning to answer that question. Sheilagh Ogilvie's book features the voices of honorable guild masters, underpaid journeymen, exploited apprentices, shady officials, and outraged customers, and follows the stories of the "vile encroachers"--Women, migrants, Jews, gypsies, bastards, and many others--desperate to work but hunted down by the guilds as illicit competitors. She investigates the benefits of guilds but also shines a light on their dark side. Guilds sometimes provided important services, but they also manipulated markets to profit their members. They regulated quality but prevented poor consumers from buying goods cheaply. They fostered work skills but denied apprenticeships to outsiders. They transmitted useful techniques but blocked innovations that posed a threat. Guilds existed widely not because they corrected market failures or served the common good but because they benefited two powerful groups--guild members and political elites."--Rabat de la jaquette.

Telling the Flesh

Author : Sonja Boon
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773597417
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Telling the Flesh by : Sonja Boon

Download or read book Telling the Flesh written by Sonja Boon and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2015-09-01 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the second half of the eighteenth century, celebrated Swiss physician Samuel Auguste Tissot (1728-1797) received over 1,200 medical consultation letters from across Europe and beyond. Written by individuals seeking respite from a range of ailments, these letters offer valuable insight into the nature of physical suffering. Plaintive, desperate, querulous, fearful, frustrated, and sometimes arrogant and self-interested in tone, the letters to Tissot not only express the struggle of individuals to understand the body and its workings, but also reveal the close connections between embodiment and politics. Through the process of writing letters to describe their ailments, the correspondents created textual versions of themselves, articulating identities shaped by their physical experiences. Using these identities and experiences as examples, Sonja Boon argues that the complaints voiced in the letters were intimately linked to broader social and political discourses of citizenship in the late eighteenth century, a period beset with concerns about depopulation, moral depravity, and corporeal excess, and organized around intricate rules of propriety. Contributing to the fields of literary criticism, history, gender and sexuality studies, and history of medicine, Telling the Flesh establishes a compelling argument about the connections between health, politics, and identity.

The Routledge History Handbook of Gender and the Urban Experience

Author : Deborah Simonton
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135199574X
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Routledge History Handbook of Gender and the Urban Experience by : Deborah Simonton

Download or read book The Routledge History Handbook of Gender and the Urban Experience written by Deborah Simonton and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging current perspectives of urbanisation, The Routledge History Handbook of Gender and the Urban Experience explores how our towns and cities have shaped and been shaped by cultural, spatial and gendered influences. This volume discusses gender in an urban context in European, North American and colonial towns from the fourteenth to the twentieth century, casting new light on the development of medieval and modern settlements across the globe. Organised into six thematic parts covering economy, space, civic identity, material culture, emotions and the colonial world, this book comprises 36 chapters by key scholars in the field. It covers a wide range of topics, from women and citizenship in medieval York to gender and tradition in nineteenth- and twentieth-century South African cities, reframing our understanding of the role of gender in constructing the spaces and places that form our urban environment. Interdisciplinary and transnational in scope, this volume analyses the individual dynamics of each case study while also examining the complex relationships and exchanges between urban cultures. It is a valuable resource for all researchers and students interested in gender, urban history and their intersection and interaction throughout the past five centuries.

Citoyennes

Author : Annie Smart
Publisher : University of Delaware
ISBN 13 : 1611493552
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (114 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Citoyennes by : Annie Smart

Download or read book Citoyennes written by Annie Smart and published by University of Delaware. This book was released on 2011-12-23 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Did women have a civic identity in eighteenth-century France? In Citoyennes: Women and the Ideal of Citizenship in Eighteenth-Century France, Annie Smart contends that they did. While previous scholarship has emphasized the ideal of domestic motherhood or the image of the republican mother, Smart argues persuasively that many pre-revolutionary and revolutionary texts created another ideal for women – the ideal of civic motherhood. Smart asserts that women were portrayed as possessing civic virtue, and as promoting the values and ideals of the public sphere. Contemporary critics have theorized that the eighteenth-century ideal of the Republic intentionally excluded women from the public sphere. According to this perspective, a discourse of “Rousseauean” domestic motherhood stripped women of an active civic identity, and limited their role to breastfeeding and childcare. Eighteenth-century France marked thus the division between a male public sphere of political action and a female private sphere of the home. Citoyennes challenges this position and offers an alternative model of female identity. This interdisciplinary study brings together a variety of genres to demonstrate convincingly that women were portrayed as civic individuals. Using foundational texts such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Emile, or on Education (1762), revolutionary gouaches of Lesueur, and vaudeville plays of Year II of the Republic (1793/1794), this study brilliantly shows that in text and image, women were represented as devoted to both the public good and their families. In addition, Citoyennes offers an innovative interpretation of the home. Through re-examining sphere theory, this study challenges the tendency to equate the home with private concerns, and shows that the home can function as a site for both private life and civic identity. Citoyennes breaks new ground, for it both rectifies the ideal of domestic Rousseauean motherhood, and brings a fuller understanding to how female civic identity operated in important French texts and images.