What Is A Compound Stress In English Noun Plus Noun Constructions

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What is a Compound? Stress in English Noun-Plus-Noun Constructions

Author : Sebastian Just
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3346861724
Total Pages : 17 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (468 download)

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Book Synopsis What is a Compound? Stress in English Noun-Plus-Noun Constructions by : Sebastian Just

Download or read book What is a Compound? Stress in English Noun-Plus-Noun Constructions written by Sebastian Just and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2023-04-26 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Essay from the year 2020 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, Humboldt-University of Berlin (Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Word Formation, language: English, abstract: The question, whether a construction consisting of two or more nouns can automatically be considered a compound has been subject to discussion amongst many linguists. The topic seems to be of particular importance because it sheds some light on the relationship between morphology and syntax in the English language. The Cambridge Dictionary defines a compound as “a word that combines two or more different words“, which at first glance implies that a construction of two nouns can always be considered a compound. In fact, the matter linguists are discordant about is whether all noun-plus-noun (N+N) construction can be considered morphological compounds – or in other words – if all compounds are derived from the lexicon and not also from the syntax. The main criterion, which the articles trying to solve this issue use as a basis of argumentation, is stress. More precisely, it is examined whether the first or the final constituent of the construction is emphasized. To further examine this topic, I want to put in contrast two texts which are each based on a different view. At first I will look at “Compounding and stress in English: A closer look at the boundary between morphology and syntax“ by Susan Olsen, which was published in the German linguistic journal Linguistische Berichte in 2000. The second text will be “Compound or phrase? English noun-plus-noun constructions and the stress criterion“ by Heinz J. Giegerich, an article first published in the international linguistic journal English Language and Linguistics in 2004. The purpose is to determine whether the two perceptions are completely dissenting or if some accordance can be found in certain arguments.

Compound Stress in English

Author : Gero Kunter
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110254697
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Compound Stress in English by : Gero Kunter

Download or read book Compound Stress in English written by Gero Kunter and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While it has long been noted that the first element of most, but not of all English nominal compounds is perceptually most prominent (e.g. TABLE cloth vs. paper CUP), a principled empirical investigation of the acoustics, perception, and the phonological distribution of these two prominence patterns has been missing. Using a corpus of spoken language, the current volume presents the first thorough and detailed investigation of these areas, while also introducing several methodological and statistical innovations to the field.

Compounds and Compounding

Author : Laurie Bauer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108247725
Total Pages : 213 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Compounds and Compounding by : Laurie Bauer

Download or read book Compounds and Compounding written by Laurie Bauer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-12 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are compounds words or phrases - or are they neither or both? How should we classify compounds? How can we deal with the fact that the relationship between the elements of sugar pill ('pill made of sugar') is different from that in sea-sickness pill ('pill to prevent sea-sickness')? Are compounds a linguistic universal? How much do languages vary in the way their compounds work? Why do we need compounds, when there are other ways of creating the same meanings? Are so-called neoclassical compounds like photograph really compounds? Based on more than forty years' research, this controversial new book sets out to answer these and many other questions.

Lexical Structures

Author : Heinz J Giegerich
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 147440815X
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (744 download)

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Book Synopsis Lexical Structures by : Heinz J Giegerich

Download or read book Lexical Structures written by Heinz J Giegerich and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monograph about structural entities originating in the lexicon - that is, about word structure - as well as about the structural characteristics of the lexicon as a module of formal grammar.

English Compounds and their Spelling

Author : Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108187277
Total Pages : 419 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis English Compounds and their Spelling by : Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer

Download or read book English Compounds and their Spelling written by Christina Sanchez-Stockhammer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-05-03 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone writing texts in English is constantly faced with the unavoidable question whether to use open spelling (drinking fountain), hyphenation (far-off) or solid spelling (airport) for individual compounds. While some compounds commonly occur with alternative spellings, others show a very clear bias for one form. This book tests over 60 hypotheses and explores the patterns underlying the spelling of English compounds from a variety of perspectives. Based on a sample of 600 biconstituent compounds with identical spelling in all reference works in which they occur (200 each with open, hyphenated and solid spelling), this empirical study analyses large amounts of data from corpora and dictionaries and concludes that the spelling of English compounds is not chaotic but actually correlates with a large number of statistically significant variables. An easily applicable decision tree is derived from the data and an innovative multi-dimensional prototype model is suggested to account for the results.

Memorization and the Compound-Phrase Distinction

Author : Marcel Schlechtweg
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110570866
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Memorization and the Compound-Phrase Distinction by : Marcel Schlechtweg

Download or read book Memorization and the Compound-Phrase Distinction written by Marcel Schlechtweg and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decades, it has been hotly debated whether and how compounds, i.e. word-formations, and phrases differ from each other. The book discusses this issue by investigating compounds and phrases from a structural, semantic-functional and, crucially, cognitive perspective. The analysis focuses on compounds and phrases that are composed of either an adjective and a noun or two nouns in German, French and English. Having distinguished compounds from phrases on structural and semantic-functional grounds, the author claims that compounds are by their nature more appropriate to be stored in the mental lexicon than phrases and supports his argument with empirical evidence from new psycholinguistic studies. In sum, the book maintains the separation between compounds and phrases and reflects upon its cognitive consequences.

Word-Formation

Author : Peter O. Müller
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110379082
Total Pages : 714 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Word-Formation by : Peter O. Müller

Download or read book Word-Formation written by Peter O. Müller and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2016-01-15 with total page 714 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook comprises an in-depth presentation of the state of the art in word-formation. The five volumes contain 207 articles written by leading international scholars. The XVI chapters of the handbook provide the reader, in both general articles and individual studies, with a wide variety of perspectives: word-formation as a linguistic discipline (history of science, theoretical concepts), units and processes in word-formation, rules and restrictions, semantics and pragmatics, foreign word-formation, language planning and purism, historical word-formation, word-formation in language acquisition and aphasia, word-formation and language use, tools in word-formation research. The final chapter comprises 74 portraits of word-formation in the individual languages of Europe and offers an innovative perspective. These portraits afford the first overview of this kind and will prove useful for future typological research. This handbook will provide an essential reference for both advanced students and researchers in word-formation and related fields within linguistics.

Constructionalization and Constructional Changes

Author : Elizabeth Closs Traugott
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0199679894
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructionalization and Constructional Changes by : Elizabeth Closs Traugott

Download or read book Constructionalization and Constructional Changes written by Elizabeth Closs Traugott and published by . This book was released on 2013-11 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops an approach to language change based on construction grammar in order to reconceptualize grammaticalization and lexicalization. The authors show that language change proceeds by micro-steps involving every aspect of grammar including pragmatics and discourse functions. A new and productive approach to historical linguistics.

Structures

Author : John M. Anderson
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110729563
Total Pages : 771 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Structures by : John M. Anderson

Download or read book Structures written by John M. Anderson and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2022-04-04 with total page 771 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This grammar of English embraces major lexical, phonological, syntactic structures and interfaces. It is based on the substantive assumption: that the categories and structures at all levels represent mental substance, conceptual and/or perceptual. The adequacy of this assumption in expressing linguistic generalizations is tested. The lexicon is seen as central to the grammar; it contains signs with conceptual, or content, poles, minimally words, and perceptual, and expression, poles, segments. Both words and segments are differentiated by substance-based features. They determine the erection of syntactic and phonological structures at the interfaces from lexicon. The valencies of words, the identification of their semantically determined complements and modifiers, control the erection of syntactic structures in the form of dependency relations. However, the features of different segment types determines their placement in the syllable, or as prosodies. Despite this discrepancy, dependency and linearization are two of the analogical properties displayed by lexical, syntactic and phonological structure. Analogies among parts of the grammar are another consequence of substantiveness, as is the presence of figurativeness and iconicity.

Simplicity and Typological Effects in the Emergence of New Englishes

Author : Thomas Brunner
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110521806
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Simplicity and Typological Effects in the Emergence of New Englishes by : Thomas Brunner

Download or read book Simplicity and Typological Effects in the Emergence of New Englishes written by Thomas Brunner and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is based on a detailed corpus-based investigation of the structure of noun phrases (NPs) in Singaporean English and Kenyan English with the aim of detecting, on the one hand, typological effects from substrate languages and, on the other hand, simplification patterns known to play a role in such varieties.

What is Morphology?

Author : Mark Aronoff
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119715229
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis What is Morphology? by : Mark Aronoff

Download or read book What is Morphology? written by Mark Aronoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-09-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a critical introduction to the central ideas and perennial problems of morphology, fully revised and updated in a new edition What is Morphology? is a concise, student-friendly introduction to the fundamentals of contemporary morphological theory and practice. Requiring only a basic knowledge of linguistics, this popular textbook describes morphological phenomena and their interactions with phonology, syntax, and semantics while familiarizing students with the importance of linguistic morphology as a subject of research. Each chapter contains engaging examples and student-friendly explanations to support the development of the skills necessary to analyze a wealth of classic morphological problems. The third edition is fully updated to reflect the current state of the field, featuring a new chapter on morphology’s intersections with typology and computational linguistics. Expanded coverage of morphological productivity and processing is supported by additional exercises, examples, and further reading suggestions. Thoroughly revised chapters cover essential topics including morphemes, the lexicon, phonology, inflection, syncretism, and derived lexemes. This accessible textbook: Introduces fundamental phenomena with a descriptive theme and minimal theory Uses cross-linguistic data to explain and clarify new concepts Provides new and revised chapters written by prominent experts in their respective areas Includes answers to all exercises via a companion instructor’s website The latest edition of What is Morphology? remains the ideal textbook for undergraduate and graduate linguistics students, researchers and scholars unfamiliar with linguistic morphology, and professionals involved in industrial applications of linguistics such as speech recognition, natural language understanding, machine translation, text-to-speech, and natural language generation.

The Noun Phrase and the Generative Lexicon

Author : Ionela Ganea
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1036404919
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis The Noun Phrase and the Generative Lexicon by : Ionela Ganea

Download or read book The Noun Phrase and the Generative Lexicon written by Ionela Ganea and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2024-05-09 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a semantico-syntactic description of the noun phrase from a new perspective, that of the generative lexicon. The analysis proposed by the author highlights the advantages that this theory offers for refining the description of the noun phrase. The study demonstrates the way in which certain semantic structures within the head-noun or the dependents (as identified by the generative lexicon) explain certain phrase formations or constrain their scope. From this point of view, the paper delves into the way in which the semantics of the words within a noun phrase influence the syntax of the whole noun phrase. The result is a bold, well-defined and highly useful proposal for a comprehensive grammar of the noun phrase from a lexicalist-generativist perspective that could be extended to other phrases or syntactic configurations. The book will be a useful tool for linguists, researchers, teachers and students in philology who are interested in semantics. The usefulness of this field of investigation resides in the fact that it does not apply to a single language, but it can be applied to all existing languages.

Lexical Creativity, Texts and Contexts

Author : Judith Munat
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027291756
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Lexical Creativity, Texts and Contexts by : Judith Munat

Download or read book Lexical Creativity, Texts and Contexts written by Judith Munat and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2007-11-06 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The coining of novel lexical items and the creative manipulation of existing words and expressions is heavily dependent on contextual factors, including the semantic, stylistic, textual and social environments in which they occur. The twelve specialists contributing to this collection aim to illuminate creativity in word formation with respect to functional discourse roles, but also examine ‘critical creativity’ determined by language policy, as well as diachronic phonetic variation in creatively-coined words. The data, based either on large corpora or smaller hand-collected samples, is drawn from advertising, the daily press, electronic communication, literature, spoken interaction, cartoons, lexical ontologies and style guides. The coining of novel lexical items and the creative manipulation of existing words and expressions is heavily dependent on contextual factors, including the semantic, stylistic, textual and social environments in which they occur. The twelve specialists contributing to this collection aim to illuminate creativity in word formation with respect to functional discourse roles, but also examine ‘critical creativity’ determined by language policy, as well as diachronic phonetic variation in creatively-coined words. The data, based either on large corpora or smaller hand-collected samples, is drawn from advertising, the daily press, electronic communication, literature, spoken interaction, cartoons, lexical ontologies and style guides. Each study analyses novel formations in relation to their contexts of use and inevitably leads to the crucial question of creativity vs. productivity. By focussing on creative lexical formations at the level of parole, these studies provide insights into morphological theory at the level of langue, and ultimately seek to explain lexical creativity as a function of language use.

Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization

Author : Pius ten Hacken
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748689613
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization by : Pius ten Hacken

Download or read book Semantics of Word Formation and Lexicalization written by Pius ten Hacken and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-17 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the study of word formation, the focus has often been on generating the form. In this book, the semantic aspect of the formation of new words is central. It is viewed from the perspectives of word formation rules and of lexicalization. An extensive introduction gives a historical overview of the study of the semantics of word formation and lexicalization, explaining how the different theoretical frameworks used in the contributions relate to each other. Each chapter then concentrates on a specific question about a theoretical concept or a word formation process in a particular language and adopts a theoretical framework that is appropriate to the study of this question. From general theoretical concepts of productivity and lexicalization, the focus moves to terminology, compounding, and derivation. Theoretical frameworks discussed include Jackendoff's Conceptual Structure, Langacker's Cognitive Grammar, Lieber's lexical semantic approach to word formation, Pustejovsky's Generative Lexicon, Beard's Lexeme-Morpheme-Base Morphology, The onomasiological approach to terminology and word formation.

The Oxford Handbook of English Grammar

Author : Bas Aarts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198755104
Total Pages : 854 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of English Grammar by : Bas Aarts

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of English Grammar written by Bas Aarts and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides an authoritative, critical survey of current research and knowledge in the grammar of the English language. The volume's expert contributors explore a range of core topics in English grammar, covering a range of theoretical approaches and including the relationship between 'core' grammar and other areas of language.

Structural Ambiguity in English

Author : Dallin D. Oaks
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1441141375
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Ambiguity in English by : Dallin D. Oaks

Download or read book Structural Ambiguity in English written by Dallin D. Oaks and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2010-05-27 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Ambiguity in English is a major new scholarly work that provides an innovative and accessible linguistic description of those features of the language that can be exploited to generate structural ambiguities. Most ambiguity scholarship is concerned with disambiguation-the process of making what is ambiguous clear. This book takes the opposite approach as it focuses on describing the features in the English language that may contribute towards the creation of structural ambiguities, which form the core of some of the best word-plays found in advertising, comedy and marketing. Oaks utilizes a systematic and comprehensive inventory approach that identifies individual elements in the language and their distinctive behaviors that can be manipulated in the deliberate creation of structural ambiguities. In doing so he also provides authentic examples to illustrate the concepts he presents. This book will appeal to researchers and academics interested in the structure of the English language, usage, pragmatics, communication, natural language processing, editing, and humor studies as well as those in marketing, advertising, or humor writing.

Morphology and Its Interfaces

Author : Alexandra Galani
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 902725561X
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Morphology and Its Interfaces by : Alexandra Galani

Download or read book Morphology and Its Interfaces written by Alexandra Galani and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most striking trends across linguistic research in recent years has been the examination of the interfaces between the various subcomponents of the language faculty. Yet, approaches to these interfaces across different theoretical frameworks differ substantially. This volume pulls together research into Morphology and its interfaces from researchers employing a variety of different theoretical and methodological perspectives: Morphology is a diverse field, and rather than aiming to collect works sharing a particular approach or framework of assumptions, this collection instead captures the diversity and provides an overview of the state of the research field while also addressing particular empirical phenomena with up-to-date analyses. The articles collected provide case studies from a diverse variety of languages revealing properties of the interfaces that morphology shares with syntax, semantics, phonology, and the lexicon, while the volume's inclusive cross-theoretical approach will serve to introduce readers to the findings of alternative frameworks and methodologies.