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What Explains The Success Or Failure Of Structural Adjustment Programs
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Book Synopsis What Explains the Success Or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programs? by : David Dollar
Download or read book What Explains the Success Or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programs? written by David Dollar and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June 1998 A few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. To select promising candidates for adjustment, the World Bank must do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. Being more selective may mean smaller volumes of lending. In the 1980s development assistance shifted largely from financing investments (such as roads and dams) to promoting policy reform. This change came because of a growing awareness that developing countries were held back more by poor policies than by a lack of finance for investment. After nearly 20 years' experience with policy-based or conditional lending, there have now been many studies of adjustment lending, most of which take a case-study approach. Many conclude that policy-based lending works if countries have decided on their own to reform. Dollar and Svensson examine a database of 220 World Bank-supported reform programs to identify why adjustment programs succeed or fail. They find that a few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. Variables under the World Bank's control-resources devoted to preparation and supervision or number of conditions-have no relationship with an adjustment program's success or failure. What development agencies must do, then, is select promising candidates for adjustment support. When the candidate is a poor selection, devoting more administrative resources or imposing more conditions will not increase the likelihood of successful reform. To improve its success rate with adjustment lending, the World Bank must become more selective and do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. That is likely to lead to fewer adjustment loans, unless there is a significant change in the number of promising reformers. To become more effective at supporting policy reform, the agency must be willing to accept that this may lead to smaller volumes of lending. This paper-a product of the Macroeconomics and Growth, Development Research Group-is part of a larger effort in the group to examine aid effectiveness. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Economic Policies and the Effect of Foreign Aid (RPO 681-70). The authors may be contacted at [email protected]. or [email protected].
Book Synopsis What Explains the Success or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programs? by : David Dollar
Download or read book What Explains the Success or Failure of Structural Adjustment Programs? written by David Dollar and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. To select promising candidates for adjustment, the World Bank must do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. Being more selective may mean smaller volumes of lending.In the 1980s development assistance shifted largely from financing investments (such as roads and dams) to promoting policy reform. This change came because of a growing awareness that developing countries were held back more by poor policies than by a lack of finance for investment.After nearly 20 years' experience with policy-based or conditional lending, there have now been many studies of adjustment lending, most of which take a case-study approach. Many conclude that policy-based lending works if countries have decided on their own to reform.Dollar and Svensson examine a database of 220 World Bank-supported reform programs to identify why adjustment programs succeed or fail.They find that a few political economy variables can successfully predict the outcome of an adjustment loan 75 percent of the time. Variables under the World Bank's control-resources devoted to preparation and supervision or number of conditions-have no relationship with an adjustment program's success or failure.What development agencies must do, then, is select promising candidates for adjustment support. When the candidate is a poor selection, devoting more administrative resources or imposing more conditions will not increase the likelihood of successful reform.To improve its success rate with adjustment lending, the World Bank must become more selective and do a better job of understanding which environments are promising for reform and which are not. That is likely to lead to fewer adjustment loans, unless there is a significant change in the number of promising reformers. To become more effective at supporting policy reform, the agency must be willing to accept that this may lead to smaller volumes of lending.This paper - a product of the Macroeconomics and Growth, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to examine aid effectiveness. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Economic Policies and the Effect of Foreign Aid (RPO 681-70).
Book Synopsis Our Continent, Our Future by : P. Thandika Mkandawire
Download or read book Our Continent, Our Future written by P. Thandika Mkandawire and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2014-05-14 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Continent, Our Future presents the emerging African perspective on this complex issue. The authors use as background their own extensive experience and a collection of 30 individual studies, 25 of which were from African economists, to summarize this African perspective and articulate a path for the future. They underscore the need to be sensitive to each country's unique history and current condition. They argue for a broader policy agenda and for a much more active role for the state within what is largely a market economy. Finally, they stress that Africa must, and can, compete in an increasingly globalized world and, perhaps most importantly, that Africans must assume the leading role in defining the continent's development agenda.
Book Synopsis What explains the sucess or failure of structural adjustment programs? : not for citation without permission of the authors by : David Dollar
Download or read book What explains the sucess or failure of structural adjustment programs? : not for citation without permission of the authors written by David Dollar and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment by : Bloomsbury Publishing
Download or read book Structural Adjustment written by Bloomsbury Publishing and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2008-02-29 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural adjustment programmes are the largest single cause of increased poverty, inequality and hunger in developing countries. This book is the most comprehensive, real-life assessment to date of the impacts of the liberalisation, deregulation, privatisation and austerity that constitute structural adjustment. It is the result of a unique five year collaboration among citizens' groups, developing country governments, and the World Bank itself. Its authors, the members of the Structural Adjustment Participatory Review International Network (SAPRIN), reveal the practical consequences for manufacturing, small enterprise, wages and conditions, social services, health, education, food security, poverty and inequality. The stark conclusion emerges: if there is to be any hope for meaningful development, structural adjustment and neoliberal economics must be jettisoned.
Book Synopsis Structural change, fundamentals, and growth: a framework and case studies by : McMillan, Margaret
Download or read book Structural change, fundamentals, and growth: a framework and case studies written by McMillan, Margaret and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Managing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets by : Michael P. Dooley
Download or read book Managing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets written by Michael P. Dooley and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The management of financial crises in emerging markets is a vital and high-stakes challenge in an increasingly global economy. For this reason, it's also a highly contentious issue in today's public policy circles. In this book, leading economists-many of whom have also participated in policy debates on these issues-consider how best to reduce the frequency and cost of such crises. The contributions here explore the management process from the beginning of a crisis to the long-term effects of the techniques used to minimize it. The first three chapters focus on the earliest responses and the immediate defense of a currency under attack, exploring whether unnecessary damage to economies can be avoided by adopting the right response within the first few days of a financial crisis. Next, contributors examine the adjustment programs that follow, considering how to design these programs so that they shorten the recovery phase, encourage economic growth, and minimize the probability of future difficulties. Finally, the last four papers analyze the actual effects of adjustment programs, asking whether they accomplish what they are designed to do-and whether, as many critics assert, they impose disproportionate costs on the poorest members of society. Recent high-profile currency crises have proven not only how harmful they can be to neighboring economies and trading partners, but also how important policy responses can be in determining their duration and severity. Economists and policymakers will welcome the insightful evaluations in this important volume, and those of its companion, Sebastian Edwards and Jeffrey A. Frankel's Preventing Currency Crises in Emerging Markets.
Author :Adrien M. Ratsimbaharison Publisher :University Press of America ISBN 13 :9780761826682 Total Pages :200 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (266 download)
Book Synopsis The Failure of the United Nations Development Programs for Africa by : Adrien M. Ratsimbaharison
Download or read book The Failure of the United Nations Development Programs for Africa written by Adrien M. Ratsimbaharison and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 2003 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work explains why the two U.N. development programs for Africa in the 1980s and 1990s, UNPAAERD and UNNADAF, failed. It argues that institutional weaknesses of the U.N. and constraints imposed by the world economic order contributed to the failure of these programs.
Book Synopsis IMF Conditionality by : John Williamson
Download or read book IMF Conditionality written by John Williamson and published by MIT Press (MA). This book was released on 1983 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The twenty-one contributions in this book assess the controversy surrounding the Fund and provide judgments about the criteria for Fund lending which should help readers understand and analyze both its ongoing role in smoothing adjustment to international payments imbalances and its currently critical position in responding to the debt crisis.
Book Synopsis Fiscal Adjustment in IMF-Supported Programs by : International Monetary Fund. Independent Evaluation Office
Download or read book Fiscal Adjustment in IMF-Supported Programs written by International Monetary Fund. Independent Evaluation Office and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-11-17 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using a cross-country sample of 169 IMF-supported programs and detailed studies of 15 programs, this evaluation report examines various aspects of fiscal adjustment in IMF-supported programs. It presents evidence that does not support some critics’ view that IMF-supported programs typically adopt a one-size-fits-all approach to fiscal adjustment, nor the perception that programs always involve austerity by targeting reductions in public spending. The report also proposes a number of recommendations for IMF surveillance and program design in the future.
Download or read book Assessing Aid written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing Aid determines that the effectiveness of aid is not decided by the amount received but rather the institutional and policy environment into which it is accepted. It examines how development assistance can be more effective at reducing global poverty and gives five mainrecommendations for making aid more effective: targeting financial aid to poor countries with good policies and strong economic management; providing policy-based aid to demonstrated reformers; using simpler instruments to transfer resources to countries with sound management; focusing projects oncreating and transmitting knowledge and capacity; and rethinking the internal incentives of aid agencies.
Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment by : Giles Mohan
Download or read book Structural Adjustment written by Giles Mohan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on Africa, Latin America and Asia, examines the origins, impacts and alternatives to the structural adjsutment programmes.
Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment, the Environment and Sustainable Development by : David Reed
Download or read book Structural Adjustment, the Environment and Sustainable Development written by David Reed and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a pioneering study which should serve as a model for future research and will to a wide audience' Dharam Ghai, Director United Nations Research Institute for Social Development Structural Adjustment and the Environment (Earthscan, 1992) was the first book to fully examine the effects of 'structural adjustment programmes the economic reform policies required by the World Bank and IMF as part of their lending operations with borrowing countries. To widespread Critical acclaim it exposed the damaging environmental and social effects of structural adjustment policies, and called for a thorough revision of the then-current development policy. This new work; Structural Adjustment, the Environment and sustainable Development is a major step forward in the study of structural adjustment policies. It looks in detail at new research and analysis into their effects, and incorporates recent studies by a wide range of academics and policy-makers, leading experts and institutes. Focusing on nine in-depth case studies, the book examines the complex links between macroeconomic policies, social impacts and environmental outcomes, and takes a forward-looking perspective in outlining the alternatives to current structural adjustment policies. Review quotes for Structural Adjustment and the Environment 'Should be essential reading for all students of development' Third World Planning Review 'Breaks new ground in the debate on structural adjustment generally. and in the environment/development debate' International Affairs 'The most substantial contribution to date to what is undoubtedly an important area' Development and Change David Reed is director of the Macroeconomics for Sustainable Development Programme of WWF International, and editor of Structural Adjustment and the Environment (Earthscan, 1992). Originally published in 1996
Book Synopsis Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America by : Jorge M. Katz
Download or read book Structural Reforms, Productivity and Technological Change in Latin America written by Jorge M. Katz and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last ten to fifteen years, profound structural reforms have moved Latin America and the Caribbean from closed, state-dominated economies to ones that are more market-oriented and open. Policymakers expected that these changes would speed up growth. This book is part of a multi-year project to determine whether these expectation have been fulfilled. Focusing on technological change, the impact of the reforms on the process of innovation is examined. It notes that the development process is proving to be highly heterogenous across industries, regions and firms and can be described as strongly inequitable. This differentiation that has emerged has implications for job creation, trade balance, and the role of small and medium sized firms. This ultimately suggests, amongst other things, the need for policies to better spread the use of new technologies.
Book Synopsis The Idea of Development in Africa by : Corrie Decker
Download or read book The Idea of Development in Africa written by Corrie Decker and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-29 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engaging history of how the idea of development has shaped Africa's past and present encounters with the West.
Book Synopsis IMF-Supported Programs by : Mr.Ashoka Mody
Download or read book IMF-Supported Programs written by Mr.Ashoka Mody and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-04-03 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research work by the IMF’s staff on the effectiveness of the country programs the organization supports, which has long been carried out, has intensified in recent years. IMF analysts have sought to “open up the black box” by more closely examining program design and implementation, as well as how these influence programs’ effectiveness. Their efforts have also focused on identifying the lending, signaling, and monitoring features of the IMF that may affect member countries’ economic performance. This book reports on a large portion of both the new and the continuing research. It concludes that IMF programs work best where domestic politics and institutions permit the timely implementation of the necessary measures and when a country is vulnerable to, but not yet in, a crisis. It points to the need for a wider recognition of the substantial diversity among IMF member countries and for programs to be tailored accordingly while broadly maintaining the IMF’s general principle of uniformity of treatment.
Book Synopsis Structural Adjustment and Socio-economic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Peter Gibbon
Download or read book Structural Adjustment and Socio-economic Change in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Peter Gibbon and published by Nordic Africa Institute. This book was released on 1996 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report summarises the results of work at the Nordiska Afrikainstitutet/Nordic Africa Institute (NAI) on the impact of structural adjustment implementation on the economies, states and societies of sub-Saharan Africa. It consists of two essays and an appendix listing research projects which have been/are being carried out under the auspices of NAI. The first essay raises a series of conceptual and methodological questions in the context of a presentation of some of the main empirical results obtained from extended field work carried out during the course of 1992 and 1993 in Kenya, Tanzania and Zimbabwe. The second essay presents the three main themes - private trading networks and structures, the changing political economy of land, and popular forms of social provisioning - that constitute the core of the second phase of NAI's structural adjustment research and, in so doing, provides a review of aspects of the adjustment literature. This report is, therefore, an attempt both at stock-taking and agenda-building as part of a wider quest for deepening our understanding of the structures and processes of socio-economic change associated with the crisis and adjustment years in contemporary Africa
