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Washington Somoza And The Sandinistas
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Book Synopsis Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas by : Morris H. Morley
Download or read book Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas written by Morris H. Morley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on personal interviews and declassified US government documents, this book, first published in 1994, studies US policy toward Nicaragua during the Nixon, Ford, and Carter presidencies.
Book Synopsis Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas by : Morris H. Morley
Download or read book Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas written by Morris H. Morley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-02-25 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study of U.S. policy toward Nicaragua during the Nixon, Ford, and Carter presidencies reveals the fundamental importance Washington placed on preserving state institutions in Latin America while adopting a much more flexible approach regarding support for elected regimes or dictatorial rulers. The Carter White House decision to dump a longstanding ally, Somoza, and support a regime change was triggered by the appearance of a mass-based social movement led by radical nationalist guerrillas posing a challenge to both the dictatorial regime and, more importantly, the state structure that underpinned it. This book is based on the extensive use of personal interviews and recently declassified U.S. government documents. Among its distinctive features is the emphasis on the pivotal role Washington played in contributing to the long-term survival of the Somoza dictatorship. It is the first detailed study, based on original research, of Nixon and Ford policy toward Nicaragua, and it contains the most detailed discussion of U.S. policy toward Nicaragua during the early period of Sandinista rule.
Book Synopsis Washington's War on Nicaragua by : Holly Sklar
Download or read book Washington's War on Nicaragua written by Holly Sklar and published by South End Press. This book was released on 1988 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of U.S. policy from the Sandinista revolution through the Iran-contra scandal and beyond. Sklar shows how the White House sabotaged peace negoatiations and sustained the deadly contra war despite public opposition, with secret U.S. special forces and an auxiliary arm of dictators, drug smugglers and death squad godfathers, and illuminates an alternative policy rooted in law and democracy.
Download or read book Sandinista written by Matilde Zimmermann and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2001-01-12 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “A must-read for anyone interested in Nicaragua—or in the overall issue of social change.”—Margaret Randall, author of SANDINO'S DAUGHTERS and SANDINO'S DAUGHTERS REVISITED Sandinista is the first English-language biography of Carlos Fonseca Amador, the legendary leader of the Sandinista National Liberation Front of Nicaragua (the FSLN) and the most important and influential figure of the post–1959 revolutionary generation in Latin America. Fonseca, killed in battle in 1976, was the undisputed intellectual and strategic leader of the FSLN. In a groundbreaking and fast-paced narrative that draws on a rich archive of previously unpublished Fonseca writings, Matilde Zimmermann sheds new light on central themes in his ideology as well as on internal disputes, ideological shifts, and personalities of the FSLN. The first researcher ever to be allowed access to Fonseca’s unpublished writings (collected by the Institute for the Study of Sandinism in the early 1980s and now in the hands of the Nicaraguan Army), Zimmermann also obtained personal interviews with Fonseca’s friends, family members, fellow combatants, and political enemies. Unlike previous scholars, Zimmermann sees the Cuban revolution as the crucial turning point in Fonseca’s political evolution. Furthermore, while others have argued that he rejected Marxism in favor of a more pragmatic nationalism, Zimmermann shows how Fonseca’s political writings remained committed to both socialist revolution and national liberation from U.S. imperialism and followed the ideas of both Che Guevara and the earlier Nicaraguan leader Augusto César Sandino. She further argues that his philosophy embracing the experiences of the nation’s workers and peasants was central to the FSLN’s initial platform and charismatic appeal.
Book Synopsis Nicaragua Betrayed by : Anastasio Somoza
Download or read book Nicaragua Betrayed written by Anastasio Somoza and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tells how Somoza's government in Nicaragua fell.
Book Synopsis U.S. Intervention and Regime Change in Nicaragua by : Mauricio Sola£n
Download or read book U.S. Intervention and Regime Change in Nicaragua written by Mauricio Sola£n and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As President Carter?s ambassador to Nicaragua from 1977?1979, Mauricio Sola£n witnessed a critical moment in Central American history. In U.S. Intervention and Regime Change in Nicaragua, Sola£n outlines the role of U.S. foreign policy during the Carter administration and explains how this policy with respect to the Nicaraguan Revolution of 1979 not only failed but helped impede the institutionalization of democracy there. Late in the 1970s, the United States took issue with the Nicaraguan dictator Anastasio Somoza. Moral suasion, economic sanctions, and other peaceful instruments from Washington led to violent revolution in Nicaragua and bolstered a new dictatorial government. A U.S.-supported counterrevolution formed, and Sola£n argues that the United States attempts to this day to determine who rules Nicaragua. Sola£n explores the mechanisms that kept Somoza?s poorly legitimized regime in power for decades, making it the most enduring Latin American authoritarian regime of the twentieth century. Sola£n argues that continual shifts in U.S. international policy have been made in response to previous policies that failed to produce U.S.- friendly international environments. His historical survey of these policy shifts provides a window on the working of U.S. diplomacy and lessons for future policy-making.
Book Synopsis The Red and the Black by : Elizabeth Dore
Download or read book The Red and the Black written by Elizabeth Dore and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nicaragua, Revolution in the Family by : Shirley Christian
Download or read book Nicaragua, Revolution in the Family written by Shirley Christian and published by Vintage. This book was released on 1986 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Journalist Christian's masterful, evenhanded account of Nicaragua's Sandinistas derives from years of interviews and on-the-scene observations. Beginning with the last days of the Somoza regime, she details the morass of political intrigue through November 1984. The problem is, she argues, that the success of ``sandinismo'' turned the people from instigators of change into objects of change, both in the eyes of the church and of the state. As the center of the struggle flew out of control onto the battlefields of Havana, Washington, Rome, and Panama, democratic principles were subordinated to other peoples' needs, a no-win situation for the peasants. To draw conclusions about Nicaragua, Christian emphasizes, is a lot more difficult than superficial U.S. policy would imply.
Book Synopsis Condemned to Repetition by : Robert A. Pastor
Download or read book Condemned to Repetition written by Robert A. Pastor and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new epilogue to Condemned to Repetition covers events, such as the Arias peace plan and the debate over funding for the Contras, through February 1988.
Book Synopsis Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas by : Morris H. Morley
Download or read book Washington, Somoza and the Sandinistas written by Morris H. Morley and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-08-08 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on personal interviews and declassified US government documents, this book, first published in 1994, studies US policy toward Nicaragua during the Nixon, Ford, and Carter presidencies.
Book Synopsis The Death of Ben Linder by : Joan Kruckewitt
Download or read book The Death of Ben Linder written by Joan Kruckewitt and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1987, the death of Ben Linder, the first American killed by President Reagan's "freedom fighters" -- the U.S.-backed Nicaraguan Contras -- ignited a firestorm of protest and debate. In this landmark first biography of Linder, investigative journalist Joan Kruckewitt tells his story. In the summer of 1983, a 23-year-old American named Ben Linder arrived in Managua with a unicycle and a newly earned degree in engineering. In 1986, Linder moved from Managua to El Cuá, a village in the Nicaraguan war zone, where he helped form a team to build a hydroplant to bring electricity to the town. He was ambushed and killed by the Contras the following year while surveying a stream for a possible hydroplant. In 1993, Kruckewitt traveled to the Nicaraguan mountains to investigate Linder's death. In July 1995. she finally located and interviewed one of the men who killed Ben Linder, a story that became the basis for a New Yorker feature on Linder's death. Linder's story is a portrait of one idealist who died for his beliefs, as well as a picture of a failed foreign policy, vividly exposing the true dimensions of a war that forever marked the lives of both Nicaraguans and Americans.
Book Synopsis Sandinistas by : Robert J. Sierakowski
Download or read book Sandinistas written by Robert J. Sierakowski and published by University of Notre Dame Pess. This book was released on 2019-12-31 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert J. Sierakowski's Sandinistas: A Moral History offers a bold new perspective on the liberation movement that brought the Sandinista National Liberation Front to power in Nicaragua in 1979, overthrowing the longest-running dictatorship in Latin America. Unique sources, from trial transcripts to archival collections and oral histories, offer a new vantage point beyond geopolitics and ideologies to understand the central role that was played by everyday Nicaraguans. Focusing on the country’s rural north, Sierakowski explores how a diverse coalition of labor unionists, student activists, housewives, and peasants inspired by Catholic liberation theology came to successfully challenge the legitimacy of the Somoza dictatorship and its entrenched networks of power. Mobilizing communities against the ubiquitous cantinas, gambling halls, and brothels, grassroots organizers exposed the regime’s complicity in promoting social ills, disorder, and quotidian violence while helping to construct radical new visions of moral uplift and social renewal. Sierakowski similarly recasts our understanding of the Nicaraguan National Guard, grounding his study of the Somozas’ army in the social and cultural world of the ordinary soldiers who enlisted and fought in defense of the dictatorship. As the military responded to growing opposition with heightened state terror and human rights violations, repression culminated in widespread civilian massacres, stories that are unearthed for the first time in this work. These atrocities further exposed the regime’s moral breakdown in the eyes of the public, pushing thousands of previously unaligned Nicaraguans into the ranks of the guerrilla insurgency by the late 1970s. Sierakowski’s innovative reinterpretation of the Sandinista Revolution will be of interest to students, scholars, and activists concerned with Latin American social movements, the Cold War, and human rights.
Book Synopsis The Salvador Option by : Russell Crandall
Download or read book The Salvador Option written by Russell Crandall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a thorough and fair-minded interpretation of the role of the United States in El Salvador's civil war.
Book Synopsis At the Fall of Somoza by : Lawrence Pezzullo
Download or read book At the Fall of Somoza written by Lawrence Pezzullo and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ambassador Pezzullo concludes by asking: Why was a great superpower so deeply involved in a poor, tiny country of two and a half million people? Why - given that involvement - was the United States so ineffectual in gaining a peaceful settlement to Nicaragua's brutal civil war? Lawrence and Ralph Pezzullo provide a rare glimpse into the push-and-pull of U.S. foreign policy making in a cold war atmosphere.
Book Synopsis A Twilight Struggle by : Robert Kagan
Download or read book A Twilight Struggle written by Robert Kagan and published by VNR AG. This book was released on 1996 with total page 942 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Kagan contends that the Carter administration's halfhearted intervention in Nicaragua was in response to American feelings of guilt for Washington's longtime support of the Somoza dynasty. The Reagan-era intervention, on the other hand, originated in American anxiety over Soviet encroachment in the Western hemisphere. Kagan recounts how American popular aversion to the employment of U.S. military muscle in Central America led to the administration's covert support of the contras and goes on to explain how the clash between the Reagan White House and Congress over "freedom fighter" funding led to the Iran-contra affair in 1987. Although the surprising electoral victory of Violeta Chamorro over the Sandinistas was widely recognized as a success for American policy, the U.S. remains caught in a continuous cycle of intervention and withdrawal in Nicaragua, according to Kagan. As a member of the State Department's Policy Planning Staff, Kagan was a direct participant in many of the events described in this authoritative and definitive account of U.S."--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Dark Alliance written by Gary Webb and published by Seven Stories Press. This book was released on 2011-01-04 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major Motion Picture based on Dark Alliance and starring Jeremy Renner, "Kill the Messenger," to be be released in Fall 2014 In August 1996, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Gary Webb stunned the world with a series of articles in the San Jose Mercury News reporting the results of his year-long investigation into the roots of the crack cocaine epidemic in America, specifically in Los Angeles. The series, titled “Dark Alliance,” revealed that for the better part of a decade, a Bay Area drug ring sold tons of cocaine to Los Angeles street gangs and funneled millions in drug profits to the CIA-backed Nicaraguan Contras. Gary Webb pushed his investigation even further in his book, Dark Alliance: The CIA, The Contras, and the Crack Cocaine Explosion. Drawing from then newly declassified documents, undercover DEA audio and videotapes that had never been publicly released, federal court testimony, and interviews, Webb demonstrates how our government knowingly allowed massive amounts of drugs and money to change hands at the expense of our communities. Webb’s own stranger-than-fiction experience is also woven into the book. His excoriation by the media—not because of any wrongdoing on his part, but by an insidious process of innuendo and suggestion that in effect blamed Webb for the implications of the story—had been all but predicted. Webb was warned off doing a CIA expose by a former Associated Press journalist who lost his job when, years before, he had stumbled onto the germ of the “Dark Alliance” story. And though Internal investigations by both the CIA and the Justice Department eventually vindicated Webb, he had by then been pushed out of the Mercury News and gone to work for the California State Legislature Task Force on Government Oversight. He died in 2004.
Book Synopsis Blood on the Border by : Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz
Download or read book Blood on the Border written by Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-08-03 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights activist and historian Roxanne Dunbar-Ortiz has been described as “a force of nature on the page and off.” That force is fully present in Blood on the Border, the third in her acclaimed series of memoirs. Seamlessly blending the personal and the political, Blood on the Border is Dunbar-Ortiz’s firsthand account of the decade-long dirty war pursued by the Contras and the United States against the people of Nicaragua. With the 1981 bombing of a Nicaraguan plane in Mexico City—a plane Dunbar-Ortiz herself would have been on if not for a delay—the US-backed Contras (short for los contrarrevolucionarios) launched a major offensive against Nicaragua’s Sandinista regime, which the Reagan administration labeled as communist. While her rich political analysis of the US-Nicaraguan relationship bears the mark of a trained historian, Dunbar-Ortiz also writes from her perspective as an intrepid activist who spent months at a time throughout the 1980s in the war-torn country, especially in the remote northeastern region, where the Indigenous Miskitu people were relentlessly assailed and nearly wiped out by CIA-trained Contra mercenaries. She makes painfully clear the connections between what many US Americans today remember only vaguely as the Iran-Contra “affair” and ongoing US aggression in the Americas, the Middle East, and around the world—connections made even more explicit in a new afterword written for this edition. A compelling, important, and sobering story on its own, Blood on the Border offers a deeply informed, closely observed, and heartfelt view of history in the making.
