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Using Video Modeling And Social Consequences To Increase The Unscripted Play Behavior In Children With Autism
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Book Synopsis Using Video Modeling and Social Consequences to Increase the Unscripted Play Behavior in Children with Autism by : Krisann Elizabeth Vistica
Download or read book Using Video Modeling and Social Consequences to Increase the Unscripted Play Behavior in Children with Autism written by Krisann Elizabeth Vistica and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video modeling has been used to teach a variety of skills to children with autism including self-help, perspective taking, and play skills. Previous research suggests that video modeling is an effective tool to teach appropriate play and social skills to this population. The purpose of this study is to increase the unscripted or "spontaneous" play behavior and social interaction of children with autism. A multiple-probe across play-scripts design was used to examine the effects of a video modeling procedure. Participants viewed videos of two play scenarios and were then paired with a play partner to interact with. Results indicate that both children acquired the scripted behavior which increased interactions while their unscripted behavior significantly decreased. This suggests the videos may have suppressed the unscripted behavior of the boys. Implications for increasing unscripted and interactive play behavior are discussed as they relate to the social skill development in children with autism.
Book Synopsis Effects of Multiple and Single Exemplar Video Modeling on Scripted and Unscripted Play Actions by : Gagana Sanchula
Download or read book Effects of Multiple and Single Exemplar Video Modeling on Scripted and Unscripted Play Actions written by Gagana Sanchula and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preschool aged children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have noticeable deficits in play skills that impede the development of gross and fine motor skills, language and communication skills, thinking and problem-solving skills, and social skills. This study aimed to teach three preschool-aged children with ASD to engage in solitary pretend play behaviors. An adapted alternating treatments design embedded in a multiple probe design across participants was used to evaluate the effects of multiple exemplar video modeling on scripted and unscripted play actions of children with ASD. In the current study, video modeling led to the acquisition of play skills for children with ASD. Additionally, the current study has the potential to extend existing video modeling research by incorporating multiple exemplar video models to demonstrate the emergence of unscripted play actions during pretend play in the natural environment.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Video Modeling and a Lag Schedule of Reinforcement on Toy Play Behaviors of Children with Autism by : Christina Lin Fragale
Download or read book The Effects of Video Modeling and a Lag Schedule of Reinforcement on Toy Play Behaviors of Children with Autism written by Christina Lin Fragale and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video modeling is a research-based intervention used to teach play skills to children with autism. While children learn to imitate the play behaviors seen in the video, increases in play behaviors different from the video were not apparent. The current study examined the use of video modeling and video modeling with an added lag schedule of reinforcement, on increasing toy play of five children with autism in their homes. During video modeling, the children watched a short video portraying a person playing with toy figurines. Then, they were given the toys and instructed to play independently for 5-min. During the video model with lag schedule reinforcement, praise and preferred snacks were provided when his or her toy play was different from immediately preceding responses during the play session. A nonconcurrent multiple baseline across participants design was used to examine the effects. Overall results indicated that the children learned scripted toy play and increased in levels of varied play, but did not increase significantly nor decrease in levels of unscripted toy play from baseline. Even with the additional reinforcement, the children's play did not increase in levels of varied play, scripted or unscripted play behaviors for four of five participants. Social validity of the child's play outcomes and the perceived ease of use of the intervention were assessed using questionnaires filled out by parents and behavioral therapists. Discussion, limitations, and implications for future research are presented.
Book Synopsis Preschool Peer Social Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Nirit Bauminger-Zviely
Download or read book Preschool Peer Social Intervention in Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Nirit Bauminger-Zviely and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-22 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the Preschool Peer Social Intervention (PPSI), a manualized comprehensive social curriculum to enhance peer-interaction for pre-schoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in three key domains: play, interaction, and conversation. The book outlines the PPSI’s transactional approach in each of the three intervention domains and incorporates developmental features and age-appropriate play, interaction, and conversation skills while accounting for individual differences in social communication abilities. The intervention is designed to be implemented within the child’s natural social environment, such as preschool, and it includes the child’s social agents, namely, their peers, teachers, and parents. PPSI intervention curricula addressed in this book are based on typical play, interaction, and conversation development, taking into account the social and communication challenges found to characterize young children with ASD in these domains. Building up the ability to play, interact and converse more efficiently with peers may render a substantial impact on preschoolers with ASD, with vast potential for improving not only these children’s immediate social experience with peers, but also their future social competence that relies on these early building blocks.
Book Synopsis Applied Behavior Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Johnny L. Matson
Download or read book Applied Behavior Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism was once thought of as a rare condition, until the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network released the statistic that about 1 in every 150 eight-year-old children in various areas across the United States is afflicted by an autism spectrum disorder, or ASD. This news led to a dramatic expansion of research into autism spectrum disorders and to the emergence of applied behavior analysis (ABA) as the preferred method of treatment, even among prescribing practitioners. Applied Behavioral Analysis for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders ably synthesizes research data and trends with best-practice interventions into a comprehensive, state-of-the-art resource. Within its chapters, leading experts review current ABA literature in depth; identify interventions most relevant to children across the autism spectrum; and discuss potential developments in these core areas: Assessment methods, from functional assessment to single case research designs. Treatment methods, including reinforcement, replacement behaviors, and other effective strategies. The role of the differential diagnosis in ABA treatment planning. Specific deficit areas: communication, social skills, stereotypies/rituals. Target behaviors, such as self-injury, aggression, adaptive and self-help problems. ASD-related training concerns, including maintenance and transition issues, and parent training programs. This volume is a vital resource for researchers, graduate students, and professionals in clinical child and school psychology as well as the related fields of education and mental health.
Book Synopsis A critical appraisal of research in arts, health and wellbeing by : Stephen Clift
Download or read book A critical appraisal of research in arts, health and wellbeing written by Stephen Clift and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Single Case Research Methodology by : Jennifer R. Ledford
Download or read book Single Case Research Methodology written by Jennifer R. Ledford and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-06-14 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth edition of this bestselling text provides a comprehensive discussion of single case research methodology, with updated information throughout the book, including new content on design types, design selection, social validity, fidelity, generality, visual analysis, and writing. Students, researchers, and practitioners can use this detailed reference tool to conduct single case research design studies; interpret findings of single case design studies; and write proposals, manuscripts, or systematic reviews of single case methodology research. The new text features updates relevant to contemporary guidelines about single case research and includes examples of recent and historical studies in education and behavioral sciences.
Book Synopsis Teaching Conversation to Children with Autism by : Lynn E. McClannahan
Download or read book Teaching Conversation to Children with Autism written by Lynn E. McClannahan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scripting is a teaching method designed to help children and adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), who are nonverbal or who are verbal but dont initiate conversation, to initiate conversation. The authors draw on years of experience using scripts in their own clinic, and include many case studies that show how scripts have worked. The book defines scripts as an audiotape or written word, phrase, or sentence that enables young people with autism to use speech to start and continue conversations. At first a child is taught to play the recording of a word for an adult, and then get a reaction from the adult. (e.g., if he plays the script juice, the adult will give him a sip of juice or if he plays the script ball, the adult will play ball with him). Later on, the child is taught to play the script and then say the word himself (and get the reward from the adult). As the child becomes better at talking, scripts are lengthened to become phrases --want juice or play ball --- and then sentences. And once the child can read, scripts are written instead of recorded. As the child masters sets of scripts, the adult begins to diminish (fade) the prompts. If the script was recorded, words are gradually deleted from the recording. (e.g., if the script started out saying, Where is mom? they will re-record it so it just says Where is and then Where ---? At this point, the child should fill in the blanks.
Book Synopsis Social Behavior and Skills in Children by : Johnny L. Matson
Download or read book Social Behavior and Skills in Children written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-18 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That children are capable of pathology—not only such conditions as ADHD and learning disabilities, but also such "adult" disorders as anxiety and depression—stands as a defining moment in psychology’s recent history. Within this recognition is the understanding that the social skills deficits that accompany these disorders must be targeted for assessment and treatment to ensure optimal functioning in school, with peers, and in later transitions to puberty and adulthood. Social Behavior and Skills in Children cuts across disciplinary lines to clarify the scope of assessment options and interventions for a wide range of disorders. A panel of leading scholars reviews current research, discusses social deficits unique to specific disorders, and identifies evidence-based best practices in one authoritative, approachable reference. This volume: Discusses theoretical models of social skills as they relate to assessment and treatment. Analyzes the etiology of social behavior problems in children and the relation between these problems and psychopathology. Reviews 48 norm-referenced measures of social skills in children. Examines the range of evidence-based social skills interventions. Addresses challenging behaviors, such as aggression and self-injury. Focuses on specific conditions, including developmental disabilities, conduct disorders, ADHD, chronic medical illness, depression, anxiety, and severe psychopathology. Social Behavior and Skills in Children is an essential reference for university libraries as well as a must-have volume for researchers, graduate students, and clinicians in child, and school psychology, special education, and other related fields.
Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : David Amaral
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by David Amaral and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 1445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is an emerging area of basic and clinical research, and has only recently been recognized as a major topic in biomedical research. Approximately 1 in 150 children are diagnosed as autistic, so it is also an intense growth area in behavioral and educational treatments. Financial resources have begun to be raised for more comprehensive research and an increasing number of scientists are becoming involved in autism research. In many respects, autism has become a model for conducting translational research on a psychiatric disorder. This text provides a comprehensive summary of all current knowledge related to the behavioral, experiential, and biomedical features of the autism spectrum disorders including major behavioral and cognitive syndromology, common co-morbid conditions, neuropathology, neuroimmunology, and other neurological correlates such as seizures, allergy and immunology, gastroenterology, infectious disease, and epidemiology. Edited by three leading researchers, this volume contains over 80 chapters and nine shorter commentaries by thought leaders in the field, making the book a virtual "who's who" of autism research. This carefully developed book is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for what we know in this area as well as a guidepost for the next several years in all areas of autism research.
Book Synopsis Improving Pretend Play Skills of Children with Autism Using the Point-of-view Modeling and Multiple Video Exemplars by : Pawel Jarmakowicz
Download or read book Improving Pretend Play Skills of Children with Autism Using the Point-of-view Modeling and Multiple Video Exemplars written by Pawel Jarmakowicz and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video modeling has been found to be effective in teaching play behavior to children diagnosed with autism. Recently, differences in the "point of view" shown in the video have been studied with this population. The purpose of the present study was to further investigate the effects of point-of-view video modeling in order to improve the pretend play skills of three boys aged 5-7 years diagnosed with autism. Additionally, multiple exemplars of the same play script were presented to increase novel responding during play. The combined design was based on multiple baseline design across participants with an alternating treatment to investigate the effects of video modeling intervention and multiple exemplars. Each child learned pretend play actions and verbalizations from two different play themes. One play theme had three similar scripts with minor variations that were presented in three separate videos. A second play theme had only one script which was presented in one video. Results were mixed. Point of view video modeling was effective in teaching two different sequences of pretend play actions and verbalizations for one child. It was only effective in teaching motor actions, but not verbal responses to the second child. Neither behavior improved for the third child. Presentation of minor variations in video exemplars did not result in increased levels of novel play. Implications for point-of-view video modeling and strategies to increase actions not modeled in the video on the play behavior of children with autism are discussed.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Social Skills and Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Justin B. Leaf
Download or read book Handbook of Social Skills and Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Justin B. Leaf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-17 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook identifies the various social deficiencies widely associated with children and youth diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It discusses possible causes as well as the lifelong effects if these deficiencies are not addressed. The handbook presents current behavioral and curriculum-based methods for assessing social deficits. Chapters examine the various interventions that have been used to improve social skills and behavior, including video modeling, peer-mediated interventions, and script fading. Chapters also assess various interventions using empirically based procedures, evaluate the research of each of these procedures, provide guidelines for treatment planning, and offer clinical recommendations. The handbook concludes with future directions for the development of both social behavior and clinical social skills interventions. Topics featured in the Handbook include: Impairments in social behavior that may result in negative outcomes such as depression, loneliness, and suicide in individuals with ASD. Bullying among youth with ASD. Behavioral skills training to promote social behavior of individuals with ASD. The Early Start Denver Model approach to helping young children with ASD. The implementation of social skills groups for individuals diagnosed with ASD. The Handbook of Social Skills and Autism Spectrum Disorder is a must-have resource for researchers, clinicians/professionals, and graduate students in clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, behavioral therapy, and social work, as well as such interrelated disciplines as child and adolescent psychiatry, rehabilitation medicine/therapy, pediatrics, and special education/educational psychology.
Book Synopsis Video Modelling and Behaviour Analysis by : Christos Nikopoulos
Download or read book Video Modelling and Behaviour Analysis written by Christos Nikopoulos and published by Jessica Kingsley Publishers. This book was released on 2006 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video modelling is a behaviour modification technique using videotaped scenarios for the child to observe, concentrating the focus of attention and creating an effective stimulus for learning. This book introduces the technique. Illustrative case examples are supported by detailed diagrams and photographs, with clear, accessible explanations.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Jonathan Tarbox
Download or read book Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Jonathan Tarbox and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current rates of autism diagnoses have been cause for concern and research as well as rumor and misinformation. Important questions surround the condition: how early can an accurate diagnosis be made? At what age should intervention start? How can parents recognize warning signs? And what causes autism in the first place? There are no easy answers, but the Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders gives researchers, practitioners, and academics the science and guidance to better understand and intervene. Background chapters survey the history of professional understanding of the disorders and the ongoing debate over autism as a single entity or a continuum. Chapters on best methods in screening, assessment, and diagnosis reflect the transition between the DSM-V and older diagnostic criteria. And at the heart of the book, the intervention section ranges from evidence-based strategies for developing core skills to ethical concerns, cultural considerations, and controversial treatments. Included in the Handbook's broad-based coverage: Designing curriculum programs for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Mainstream education for children with ASD. Teaching independent living skills to children with ASD. Social skills and play. Behavioral and mental health disorders in children with ASD. Training and supporting caregivers in evidence-based practices. Teaching cognitive skills to children with ASD. The Handbook of Early Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorders is a comprehensive reference for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians and other scientist-practitioners in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation, special education, and pediatric medicine.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Video Modeling on Spontaneous Requesting in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by : Reana Randolph
Download or read book The Effects of Video Modeling on Spontaneous Requesting in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) written by Reana Randolph and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied behavioral analysis (ABA) is the science in which tactics derived from the principles of behavior are applied systematically to improve socially significant behavior and experimentation is used to identify the variables responsible for behavior change (Cooper, Heron, & Heward, 2007). Through the research of ABA, we are advancing ways to teach and help individuals with ASD. One excellent evidence of this is video modeling and the effects it has on children with ASD. This study was created to observe the effects of video modeling on spontaneous requesting of rehearsed and non-rehearsed targets. Additionally, this study focused on limitations to video modeling by conducting research in the participant’s classroom, having the participant’s teacher lead the research, and utilizing paraprofessionals to collect data. Two parallel multiple baseline experiments were conducted for six students, though only five completed intervention. Of the five who completed intervention, five effects were demonstrated. All five participant’s maintained levels of spontaneous requesting without additional intervention reviews.
Book Synopsis Case-Smith's Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents - E-Book by : Jane Clifford O'Brien
Download or read book Case-Smith's Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents - E-Book written by Jane Clifford O'Brien and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-09-26 with total page 915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 with "Essential Purchase" designation in Occupational Therapy** The number one book in pediatric OT is back! Focusing on children from infancy to adolescence, Case-Smith's Occupational Therapy for Children and Adolescents, 8th Edition provides comprehensive, full-color coverage of pediatric conditions and treatment techniques in all settings. Its emphasis on application of evidence-based practice includes: eight new chapters, a focus on clinical reasoning, updated references, research notes, and explanations of the evidentiary basis for specific interventions. Coverage of new research and theories, new techniques, and current trends, with additional case studies, keeps you in-step with the latest advances in the field. Developmental milestone tables serve as a quick reference throughout the book! - Full-color, contemporary design throughout text includes high-quality photos and illustrations. - Case-based video clips on the Evolve website demonstrate important concepts and rehabilitation techniques. - Research Notes boxes and evidence-based summary tables help you learn to interpret evidence and strengthen clinical decision-making skills. - Coverage of OT for children from infancy through adolescence includes the latest research, techniques and trends. - Case studies help you apply concepts to actual situations you may encounter in practice. - Learning objectives indicate what you will be learning in each chapter and serve as checkpoints when studying for examinations. - A glossary makes it easy for you to look up key terms. - NEW! Eight completely new chapters cover Theory and Practice Models for Occupational Therapy With Children, Development of Occupations and Skills From Infancy Through Adolescence, Therapeutic Use of Self, Observational Assessment and Activity Analysis, Evaluation Interpretation, and Goal Writing, Documenting Outcomes, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, and Vision Impairment. - NEW! A focus on theory and principles Practice Models promote clinical reasoning. - NEW! Emphasis on application of theory and frames of reference in practice appear throughout chapters in book. - NEW! Developmental milestone tables serve as quick reference guides. - NEW! Online materials included to help facilitate your understanding of what's covered in the text. - NEW! Textbook is organized into six sections to fully describe the occupational therapy process and follow OTPF.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Point-of-view Video Modeling on Symbolic Play Actions and Play-associated Language Utterances in Preschoolers with Autism by : Lauren Kravetz Bonnet
Download or read book The Effects of Point-of-view Video Modeling on Symbolic Play Actions and Play-associated Language Utterances in Preschoolers with Autism written by Lauren Kravetz Bonnet and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This single-subject research study was designed to examine the effects of point-of-view video modeling (POVM) on the symbolic play actions and play-associated language of four preschool students with autism. A multiple baseline design across participants was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of using POVM as an intervention for students with autism. The participants were between the ages of 3 and 4 years old and enrolled in a special education preschool program in a public school district in a Mid-Atlantic state. Students were paired with typically developing preschool peers from general education classes at the same school as the participants with autism. Prior to the implementation of the video model, baseline data were collected from students during play with a randomly selected play partner participant and the same materials later shown in the video model. Regulated randomization procedures for multiple baseline design were used to randomize students to each tier of intervention and randomly assign the treatment starting point from a designated interval of acceptable start points. Dependent measures included (a) scripted symbolic play actions, (b) scripted play-associated language utterances, (c) spontaneous symbolic play actions, and (d) spontaneous play-associated language utterances. During intervention, the participants with autism were shown a video clip demonstrating symbolic play actions and play-associated language utterances from their perspective immediately prior to engaging in a 7-minute play session with a play partner participant. The variety of symbolic play actions and play-associated language utterances were recorded and measured during all phases. Additionally, partial interval recording was used to record frequency of inappropriate play behaviors. Maintenance data were collected after the immediate removal of the POVM and one week after the conclusion of the intervention phase. Generalization data were collected for a novel but similar play set to that in the video model. A checklist for procedural reliability was completed for 68% of sessions across all phases and participants and calculated to be 100%. Interobserver agreement was calculated for 31.58% of sessions across all phases and participants and was averaged at 90.81%. Social validity measures were collected from the teacher, instructional assistants, and therapists that work with each participant. Additionally, information about student perceptions was collected from each participant using a visual choice menu. A visual analysis was conducted for the data collected across the four dependent variables and one ancillary finding for each participant. The visual analysis involved interpretation of the level, trend, variability, overlap, immediacy, and consistency of data points. Percent of Non-overlapping Data (PND) and randomization tests were also used for analysis. Overall findings from the study indicate that (a) three out of four preschool participants with autism increased the variety of scripted symbolic play actions after watching the POVM, (b) three out of four preschool participants with autism increased the variety of spontaneous symbolic play actions after watching the POVM, (c) one out of four preschool participants with autism increased the variety of scripted playassociated language utterances, (d) two out of four preschool participants with autism increased the variety of spontaneous play-associated language utterances, and (e) three out of four preschool participants with autism decreased the frequency of inappropriate play behaviors. In reference to maintenance of behaviors, (a) all four participants maintained the variety of scripted symbolic play actions, (b) all four participants maintained the variety of spontaneous symbolic play actions, (c) one out of four participants maintained the variety of scripted play-associated language utterances, (d) two out of four participants maintained the variety of spontaneous play-associated language utterances, and (e) three out of four participants maintained a reduction in the frequency of inappropriate play behaviors. Regarding generalization of behaviors for the dependent variables, (a) two out of four of the participants demonstrated a variety of scripted symbolic play actions from the intervention play set when playing with another car-based play set, (b) all four participants demonstrated a variety of spontaneous symbolic play actions during generalization with a different car-based play set, (c) one out of four participants produced a variety of scripted play-associated language utterances from the intervention during play with a different car-based play set, (d) two out of four participants produced a variety of spontaneous play-associated language utterances when playing with the generalization play set, and (e) three out of four participants were able to maintain a reduced frequency of inappropriate play behaviors during generalization probes. The results of the regulated randomization test indicated a statistical difference between the students variety of scripted play actions (p = 0.0078) and frequency of inappropriate play behaviors (p = 0.0104). There was no statistical difference between the students' variety of spontaneous play actions (p = 0.2708), scripted language utterances (p = 0.7396), or spontaneous language utterances (p = 0.7031). Recommendations were discussed with respect to future research and practical uses of POVM to assist with teaching symbolic play actions, play-associated language utterances, and improving student behavior.
