Using Modeling To Predict And Prevent Victimization

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Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization

Author : Ken Pease
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3319031856
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization by : Ken Pease

Download or read book Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization written by Ken Pease and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-09 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides clear application of a new statistical modeling technique that can be used to recognize patterns in victimization and prevent repeat victimization. The history of crime prevention techniques range from offender-based, to environment/situation-based, to victim-based. The authors of this work have found more accurate ways to predict and prevent victimization using a statistical modeling, based around crime concentration and sub-group profiling with regard to crime vulnerability levels, to predict areas and individuals vulnerable to crime. Following from this prediction, they propose policing strategies to improve crime prevention based on these predictions. With a combination of immediate actions and longer-term research recommendations, this work will be of interest to researchers and policy makers in focused on crime prevention, police studies, victimology and statistical applications.

Machine Learning Can Predict Shooting Victimization Well Enough to Help Prevent It

Author : Sara B. Heller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Machine Learning Can Predict Shooting Victimization Well Enough to Help Prevent It by : Sara B. Heller

Download or read book Machine Learning Can Predict Shooting Victimization Well Enough to Help Prevent It written by Sara B. Heller and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shows that shootings are predictable enough to be preventable. Using arrest and victimization records for almost 644,000 people from the Chicago Police Department, we train a machine learning model to predict the risk of being shot in the next 18 months. We address central concerns about police data and algorithmic bias by predicting shooting victimization rather than arrest, which we show accurately captures risk differences across demographic groups despite bias in the predictors. Out-of-sample accuracy is strikingly high: of the 500 people with the highest predicted risk, 13 percent are shot within 18 months, a rate 130 times higher than the average Chicagoan. Although Black male victims more often have enough police contact to generate predictions, those predictions are not, on average, inflated; the demographic composition of predicted and actual shooting victims is almost identical. There are legal, ethical, and practical barriers to using these predictions to target law enforcement. But using them to target social services could have enormous preventive benefits: predictive accuracy among the top 500 people justifies spending up to $123,500 per person for an intervention that could cut their risk of being shot in half.

Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety

Author : Nick Tilley
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317530829
Total Pages : 627 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety by : Nick Tilley

Download or read book Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety written by Nick Tilley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety provides a completely revised and updated collection of essays focusing on the theory and practice of crime prevention and the creation of safer communities. This book is divided into five comprehensive parts: Part I, brand new to this edition, is concerned with theoretical perspectives on crime prevention and community safety. Part II considers general approaches to preventing crime, including a new chapter on the theory and practice of deterrence. Part III focuses on specific crime prevention strategies, including a new chapter on regulation for crime prevention. Part IV focuses on the prevention of specific categories of crime and the fear they generate, including new chapters on organised crime and cybercrime. Part V considers the preventative process: the methods through which presenting problems can be analysed, responses formulated and implemented, and their effectiveness evaluated. Bringing together leading academics and practitioners from the UK, US, Australia and the Netherlands, this volume will be an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners whose work relates to crime prevention and community safety, as well as for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in crime prevention.

Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence

Author : John McDaniel
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429560389
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence by : John McDaniel

Download or read book Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence written by John McDaniel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions. AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing.

School Violence and Primary Prevention

Author : Thomas W. Miller
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031131347
Total Pages : 734 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis School Violence and Primary Prevention by : Thomas W. Miller

Download or read book School Violence and Primary Prevention written by Thomas W. Miller and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new work covers clinical issues in treating victims of school violence and assessing children with the potential for violence. The editor also examines the effectiveness of prevention intervention programs and offers larger policy recommendations. The book looks at environmental factors such as cultural issues on behaviors from bullying to mass school shootings. And uniquely, the book delves into topics such as sexual boundaries and body image. In all, this book aims for a theoretical and applied picture of the current state of school violence and prevention.

Economics and the Prevention of Alcohol-related Problems

Author : Michael E. Hilton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics and the Prevention of Alcohol-related Problems by : Michael E. Hilton

Download or read book Economics and the Prevention of Alcohol-related Problems written by Michael E. Hilton and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The New Technology of Financial Crime

Author : Donald Rebovich
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000630927
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis The New Technology of Financial Crime by : Donald Rebovich

Download or read book The New Technology of Financial Crime written by Donald Rebovich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-08-08 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial crime is a trillion-dollar industry that is likely to continue to grow exponentially unless new strategies of prevention and control can be developed. This book covers a wide range of topics related to financial crime commission, victimization, prevention, and control. The chapters included in this book closely examine cyber-victimization in their investigation of online fraud schemes that have resulted in new categories of crime victims as the result of identity theft, romance fraud schemes, phishing, ransomware, and other technology-enabled online fraud strategies. This book also offers new strategies for both financial crime prevention and financial crime control designed to reduce both offending and victimization. It will be a great resource for researchers and students of Criminology, Sociology, Law, and Information Technology. The chapters in this book were originally published in the journal Victims & Offenders.

Developmental Psychopathology, Theory and Method

Author : Dante Cicchetti
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119125448
Total Pages : 1176 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Developmental Psychopathology, Theory and Method by : Dante Cicchetti

Download or read book Developmental Psychopathology, Theory and Method written by Dante Cicchetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-12-22 with total page 1176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seminal reference for the latest research in developmental psychopathology Developmental Psychopathology is a four-volume compendium of the most complete and current research on every aspect of the field. Volume One: Theory and Method focuses on the theoretical and empirical work that has contributed to dramatic advancements in understanding of child and adult development, including findings in the areas of genetics and neurobiology, as well as social and contextual factors. Now in its third edition, this comprehensive reference has been fully updated to reflect the current state of the field and its increasingly multilevel and interdisciplinary nature and the increasing importance of translational research. Contributions from expert researchers and clinicians provide insight into how multiple levels of analysis may influence individual differences, the continuity or discontinuity of patterns, and the pathways by which the same developmental outcomes may be achieved. Advances in developmental psychopathology have burgeoned since the 2006 publication of the second edition ten years ago, and keeping up on the latest findings in multiple avenues of investigation can be burdensome to the busy professional and researcher from psychology and related fields. This reference solves the problem by collecting the best of the best, as edited by Dante Cicchetti, a recognized leader in the field, into one place, with a logical organization designed for easy reference. Get up to date on the latest research from the field Explore new models, emerging theory, and innovative approaches Learn new technical analysis and research design methods Understand the impact of life stage on mental health The complexity of a field as diverse as developmental psychopathology deepens with each emerging theory and new area of study, as made obvious by the exciting findings coming out of institutions and clinics around the world. Developmental Psychopathology Volume One: Theory and Method brings these findings together into a cohesive, broad-reaching reference.

Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy

Author : Ben Bradford
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1134619170
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (346 download)

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Book Synopsis Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy by : Ben Bradford

Download or read book Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy written by Ben Bradford and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-01-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Stop and search’ is a form of police-citizen interaction that is confrontational, often stressful for those involved, and potentially damaging to the relationship between police and public. The extent to which police officers use their power to stop and perhaps search members of the public is intimately linked not only to the present-day context of policing but also to longer term patterns in the aims of policing, the ends used to achieve them, and ultimately to the ideology of policing in England and Wales. Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy draws upon both police-administrative and survey-based data to examine what has for many years been one of the most highly charged and contested aspects of police practice. Taking a decidedly quantitative, empirical, approach, this book examines the patterning of police stops over social and geographic space, the problem of ethnic disproportionality, and the evidence concerning how people experience and react to being stopped by police – particularly in relation to issues of fairness, legitimacy, cooperation and compliance. A further important concern is the extent to which this form of police practice shapes and re-shapes the identities of those affected by it. This ground-breaking study is a comprehensive resource for students and scholars in the fields of criminology, sociology, social policy, ethnic and racial studies and human rights. It will also be of special interest to police leaders and policy-makers.

Bullying by Peers and in the Family: Precursors, Consequences and Intervention

Author : Dieter Wolke
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889717747
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Bullying by Peers and in the Family: Precursors, Consequences and Intervention by : Dieter Wolke

Download or read book Bullying by Peers and in the Family: Precursors, Consequences and Intervention written by Dieter Wolke and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-12-03 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Adversity, Stress, and Psychopathology

Author : Bruce P. Dohrenwend
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019802844X
Total Pages : 584 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Adversity, Stress, and Psychopathology by : Bruce P. Dohrenwend

Download or read book Adversity, Stress, and Psychopathology written by Bruce P. Dohrenwend and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-08-20 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Adversity" involves exposure to unpropitious or calamitous circumstances. It occurs in extreme situations such as prolonged combat or natural disasters, both of which affect whole groups or communities of people simultaneously. It is found as well in more individually targeted events such as child abuse, bereavement, rape, physical illness, marital separation or divorce, unemployment, and homelessness. Exposure to adversity is not randomly distributed in society. It varies, for example, with gender, ethnic or racial background, and socioeconomic status. And some types of adversity can be precipitated by an individual's own actions. In this volume, the leading investigators review research on the nature of adversity and its relationship to major types of psychopathology including schizophrenia, depression, alcoholism and other substance-use disorders, antisocial personality disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and nonspecific distress. These relationships are examined in terms of theoretical concepts of life stress that describe the characteristics of the ongoing situation in which adverse events occur and the factors of personality and coping ability that also affect psychiatric outcomes. The authors sift through firm and infirm findings and critically evaluate existing theory and research strategies and provide and integrative theoretical framework. No other book offers as comprehensive and authoritative a discussion of the role of psychosocial stress in causing mental disorders.

Resisting Redemption at the Georgia Polls

Author : Richard Hogan
Publisher : McFarland
ISBN 13 : 1476692084
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (766 download)

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Book Synopsis Resisting Redemption at the Georgia Polls by : Richard Hogan

Download or read book Resisting Redemption at the Georgia Polls written by Richard Hogan and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the Civil War, as Black freedmen prepared to exercise their new voting rights in Georgia, white supremacist groups rose to restrict their ability. Georgians faced a new prospect for brokering a class-based electoral coalition of white yeomen and Black freedmen. The failure of Reconstruction echoes today as Georgia remains a voting rights battleground. This book details this struggle for racial justice and democracy in postwar Georgia, with an eye on issues that have persisted more than 150 years later.

Crime Prevention in the 21st Century

Author : Benoit LeClerc
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319277936
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Crime Prevention in the 21st Century by : Benoit LeClerc

Download or read book Crime Prevention in the 21st Century written by Benoit LeClerc and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-27 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together a series of original contributions made by international experts dedicated to guiding efforts in preventing crime. The collection is divided into seven sections that cover cutting edge approaches to crime prevention: 1) the offenders’ perspective on crime prevention 2) crime script analysis 3) crime mapping and spatial analysis 4) social network analysis 5) agent-based modelling 6) crime-proofing legislations 7) technologies of crime prevention Each section includes one theoretical chapter to introduce the research approach followed by a series of empirical/applied contributions. The theoretical chapter aims to introduce and explain the approach of interest and discusses under which circumstances this strategy could best assist crime prevention. The objective of empirical/applied contributions is simply to showcase how these approaches can be apply. This collection can be seen as the end result of the convergence of novel ideas and analytical skills in the area of crime and crime prevention worldwide. It will be of interest to researchers in Criminology and Criminal Justice, as well as related fields like Sociology and Psychology, Security, Urban Planning, and Public Policy.

Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention

Author : Lindsay M. Orchowski
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128192887
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention by : Lindsay M. Orchowski

Download or read book Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention written by Lindsay M. Orchowski and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-03-18 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention: Theory, Research and Practice explores sexual assault prevention programs for boys and men. Following an ecosystemic perspective, the book examines individual risk and protective factors, discusses initiatives to prevent sexual aggression (i.e., bystander intervention programs, given their use among men), covers programs that specifically seek to engage boys and men in sexual assault prevention, presents key risk and protective factors for sexual aggression (i.e., healthy masculinity, rape myth acceptance), and describes the need and rationale for sexual assault prevention efforts. Addresses current challenges and controversies in the field of sexual assault prevention Explores existing individual-level workshops and media-based interventions that address men’s violence against women Reviews the association between traditional masculine norms and sexual violence perpetration Discusses international sexual assault prevention programs that engage boys and men Highlight how aspects of hypermasculinity strongly correlate with sexual aggression Provides an overview of research that examines risk factors for sexual aggression Synthesizes the conceptualization of rape myths, current assessments of rape myths, and examines how rape myths function as a risk factor for perpetration

Safe and Secure Neighborhoods

Author : Stephanie W. Greenberg
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (327 download)

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Book Synopsis Safe and Secure Neighborhoods by : Stephanie W. Greenberg

Download or read book Safe and Secure Neighborhoods written by Stephanie W. Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Study addresses the issue of how some urban neighborhoods maintain a relatively low level of crime despite their physical proximity and social similarity to high crime areas.--Cf. Abstract, p. iii.

Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings

Author : Serena Quattrocolo
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030524701
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings by : Serena Quattrocolo

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings written by Serena Quattrocolo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses issues relating to the application of AI and computational modelling in criminal proceedings from a European perspective. Part one provides a definition of the topics. Rather than focusing on policing or prevention of crime – largely tackled by recent literature – it explores ways in which AI can affect the investigation and adjudication of crime. There are two main areas of application: the first is evidence gathering, which is addressed in Part two. This section examines how traditional evidentiary law is affected by both new ways of investigation – based on automated processes (often using machine learning) – and new kinds of evidence, automatically generated by AI instruments. Drawing on the comprehensive case law of the European Court of Human Rights, it also presents reflections on the reliability and, ultimately, the admissibility of such evidence. Part three investigates the second application area: judicial decision-making, providing an unbiased review of the meaning, benefits, and possible long-term effects of ‘predictive justice’ in the criminal field. It highlights the prediction of both violent behaviour, or recidivism, and future court decisions, based on precedents. Touching on the foundations of common law and civil law traditions, the book offers insights into the usefulness of ‘prediction’ in criminal proceedings.

Handbook of Bullying in Schools

Author : Shane R. Jimerson
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113526287X
Total Pages : 625 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Bullying in Schools by : Shane R. Jimerson

Download or read book Handbook of Bullying in Schools written by Shane R. Jimerson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Bullying in Schools provides a comprehensive review and analysis of what is known about the worldwide bullying phenomena. It is the first volume to systematically review and integrate what is known about how cultural and regional issues affect bullying behaviour and its prevention. Key features include the following: Comprehensive – forty-one chapters bring together conceptual, methodological, and preventive findings from this loosely coupled field of study, thereby providing a long-needed centerpiece around which the field can continue to grow in an organized and interdisciplinary manner. International Focus – approximately forty-percent of the chapters deal with bullying assessment, prevention, and intervention efforts outside the USA. Chapter Structure – to provide continuity, chapter authors follow a common chapter structure: overview, conceptual foundations, specific issues or programs, and a review of current research and future research needs. Implications for Practice – a critical component of each chapter is a summary table outlining practical applications of the foregoing research. Expertise – the editors and contributors include leading researchers, teachers, and authors in the bullying field, most of whom are deeply connected to organizations studying bullying around the world.