Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3319031856
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization by : Ken Pease

Download or read book Using Modeling to Predict and Prevent Victimization written by Ken Pease and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-09 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides clear application of a new statistical modeling technique that can be used to recognize patterns in victimization and prevent repeat victimization. The history of crime prevention techniques range from offender-based, to environment/situation-based, to victim-based. The authors of this work have found more accurate ways to predict and prevent victimization using a statistical modeling, based around crime concentration and sub-group profiling with regard to crime vulnerability levels, to predict areas and individuals vulnerable to crime. Following from this prediction, they propose policing strategies to improve crime prevention based on these predictions. With a combination of immediate actions and longer-term research recommendations, this work will be of interest to researchers and policy makers in focused on crime prevention, police studies, victimology and statistical applications.

Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317530829
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety by : Nick Tilley

Download or read book Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety written by Nick Tilley and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the Handbook of Crime Prevention and Community Safety provides a completely revised and updated collection of essays focusing on the theory and practice of crime prevention and the creation of safer communities. This book is divided into five comprehensive parts: Part I, brand new to this edition, is concerned with theoretical perspectives on crime prevention and community safety. Part II considers general approaches to preventing crime, including a new chapter on the theory and practice of deterrence. Part III focuses on specific crime prevention strategies, including a new chapter on regulation for crime prevention. Part IV focuses on the prevention of specific categories of crime and the fear they generate, including new chapters on organised crime and cybercrime. Part V considers the preventative process: the methods through which presenting problems can be analysed, responses formulated and implemented, and their effectiveness evaluated. Bringing together leading academics and practitioners from the UK, US, Australia and the Netherlands, this volume will be an invaluable reference for researchers and practitioners whose work relates to crime prevention and community safety, as well as for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in crime prevention.

Data Protection and Privacy Under Pressure

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Author :
Publisher : Maklu
ISBN 13 : 9046609103
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (466 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Protection and Privacy Under Pressure by : Gert Vermeulen

Download or read book Data Protection and Privacy Under Pressure written by Gert Vermeulen and published by Maklu. This book was released on 2017-12-04 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Snowden revelations, the adoption in May 2016 of the General Data Protection Regulation and several ground-breaking judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union, data protection and privacy are high on the agenda of policymakers, industries and the legal research community. Against this backdrop, Data Protection and Privacy under Pressure sheds light on key developments where individuals’ rights to data protection and privacy are at stake. The book discusses the persistent transatlantic tensions around various EU-US data transfer mechanisms and EU jurisdiction claims over non-EU-based companies, both sparked by milestone court cases. Additionally, it scrutinises the expanding control or surveillance mechanisms and interconnection of databases in the areas of migration control, internal security and law enforcement, and oversight thereon. Finally, it explores current and future legal challenges related to big data and automated decision-making in the contexts of policing, pharmaceutics and advertising.

The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Latin America

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190926554
Total Pages : 905 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Latin America by : Xóchitl Bada

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of the Sociology of Latin America written by Xóchitl Bada and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 905 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays included in this volume provide both an assessment of key areas and current trends in sociology, specifically with regard to contemporary sociology in Latin America, as well as a collection of innovative empirical studies. The volume serves as an effective bridge of communication allowing sociological academies to mobilize and disseminate research dynamics from Latin America to the rest of the world.

Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429560389
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)

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Book Synopsis Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence by : John McDaniel

Download or read book Predictive Policing and Artificial Intelligence written by John McDaniel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited text draws together the insights of numerous worldwide eminent academics to evaluate the condition of predictive policing and artificial intelligence (AI) as interlocked policy areas. Predictive and AI technologies are growing in prominence and at an unprecedented rate. Powerful digital crime mapping tools are being used to identify crime hotspots in real-time, as pattern-matching and search algorithms are sorting through huge police databases populated by growing volumes of data in an eff ort to identify people liable to experience (or commit) crime, places likely to host it, and variables associated with its solvability. Facial and vehicle recognition cameras are locating criminals as they move, while police services develop strategies informed by machine learning and other kinds of predictive analytics. Many of these innovations are features of modern policing in the UK, the US and Australia, among other jurisdictions. AI promises to reduce unnecessary labour, speed up various forms of police work, encourage police forces to more efficiently apportion their resources, and enable police officers to prevent crime and protect people from a variety of future harms. However, the promises of predictive and AI technologies and innovations do not always match reality. They often have significant weaknesses, come at a considerable cost and require challenging trade- off s to be made. Focusing on the UK, the US and Australia, this book explores themes of choice architecture, decision- making, human rights, accountability and the rule of law, as well as future uses of AI and predictive technologies in various policing contexts. The text contributes to ongoing debates on the benefits and biases of predictive algorithms, big data sets, machine learning systems, and broader policing strategies and challenges. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to students and scholars of policing, criminology, crime science, sociology, computer science, cognitive psychology and all those interested in the emergence of AI as a feature of contemporary policing.

Handbook of Victims and Victimology

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317496248
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Victims and Victimology by : Sandra Walklate

Download or read book Handbook of Victims and Victimology written by Sandra Walklate and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of the Handbook of Victims and Victimology presents a comprehensively revised and updated set of essays, bringing together internationally recognised scholars and practitioners to offer substantial research informed overviews within their specialist fields of investigation. This handbook is divided into five parts, with each part addressing a different theme within victimology: Part I offers a scene-setting exploration of new developments in the field, enduring issues that remain relatively unchanged and the gaps and traps within the contemporary victimological agenda Part II examines of the complex dimensions to victim experiences as structured by gender, age, ethnicity, sexuality and intersectionality Part III reflects on the problems and possibilities of formulating policy responses in the light of the changing appreciation of the nature and extent of victimhood Part IV focused on the value of a comparative lens and the problems and possibilities of victim policies when seen through this lens, explored along three geographical axes: Europe, Australia and Asia Part V considers other ways of thinking about who counts as a victim and what counts as victimhood and extends the boundaries of the victimological imagination outward Building on the success of the previous edition, this book provides an international focus on cutting-edge issues in the field of victimology. Including brand new chapters on intersectionality, child victims, sexuality, hate crime and crimes of the powerful, this handbook is essential reading for students and academics studying victims and victimology and an essential reference tool for those working within the victim support environment.

HC 307 - Crime Reduction Policies: A Co-Ordinated Approach?

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Author :
Publisher : The Stationery Office
ISBN 13 : 0215073193
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis HC 307 - Crime Reduction Policies: A Co-Ordinated Approach? by : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Justice Committee

Download or read book HC 307 - Crime Reduction Policies: A Co-Ordinated Approach? written by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Justice Committee and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2014-06-26 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Justice Committee believes The Treasury should seriously question whether taxpayers' money is used in ways most likely to reduce future crime and victimisation and must develop a longer term strategy for the use of resources tied up currently in the criminal justice system. All parts of the criminal justice system have had to cope with significant spending cuts, yet it appears that the Government has shied away from using the need to make those cuts to re-evaluate how and where money is spent. The Committee welcomes the development of various cross-Government initiatives to deal with the sources of crime, such as the Troubled Families Programme. But resources committed are tiny compared to the costs of crime to society. Each year: violent crime, 44% of which is alcohol related, costs almost £30 billion; crime perpetrated by people who had conduct problems in childhood costs around £60 billion; drug related crime costs £13.3 billion; anti-social behaviour related to alcohol abuse costs £11 billion. The costs of preventative investment further upstream are often relatively small yet the Committee's evidence highlights the clear benefits of collective ownership, pooled funding and joint priorities that have been facilitated by the shift of power in this field from Whitehall to local communities. The greatest problem identified by the Committee is the lack of rigorous assessment of where taxpayers' money can be most effectively spent in cutting crime. A more evidence-based approach is needed.

The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190279710
Total Pages : 904 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology by : Gerben J.N. Bruinsma

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology written by Gerben J.N. Bruinsma and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 904 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of how the environment, local geography, and physical locations influence crime has a long history that stretches across many research traditions. These include the neighborhood effects approach developed in the 1920s, the criminology of place, and a newer approach that attends to the perception of crime in communities. Aided by new technologies and improved data-reporting in recent decades, research in environmental criminology has developed rapidly within each of these approaches. Yet research in the subfield remains fragmented and competing theories are rarely examined together. The Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology takes a unique approach and synthesizes the contributions of existing methods to better integrate the subfield as a whole. Gerben J.N. Bruinsma and Shane D. Johnson have assembled a cast of top scholars to provide an in-depth source for understanding how and why physical setting can influence the emergence of crime, affect the environment, and impact individual or group behavior. The contributors address how changes in the environment, global connectivity, and technology provide more criminal opportunities and new ways of committing old crimes. They also explore how crimes committed in countries with distinct cultural practices like China and West Africa might lead to different spatial patterns of crime. This is a state-of-the-art compendium on environmental criminology that reflects the diverse research and theory developed across the western world.

Reflexivity and Criminal Justice

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137546425
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Reflexivity and Criminal Justice by : Sarah Armstrong

Download or read book Reflexivity and Criminal Justice written by Sarah Armstrong and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-23 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection presents a diverse set of case studies and theoretical reflections on how criminologists engage with practitioners and policy makers while undertaking research. The contributions to this volume highlight both the challenges and opportunities associated with doing criminological research in a reflexive and collaborative manner. They further examine the ethical and practical implications of the ‘impact’ agenda in the higher education sector with respect to the production and the dissemination of criminological knowledge. Developed to serve as an internationally accessible reference volume for scholars, practitioners and postgraduate criminology students, this book responds to the awareness that criminology as a discipline increasingly encompasses not only the study of crime, but also the agencies, process and structures that regulate it. Key questions include: How can criminal justice policy be studied as part of the field of criminology? How do we account for our own roles as researchers who are a part of the policy process? What factors and dynamics influence, hinder and facilitate ‘good policy’?

Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030524701
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings by : Serena Quattrocolo

Download or read book Artificial Intelligence, Computational Modelling and Criminal Proceedings written by Serena Quattrocolo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-27 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses issues relating to the application of AI and computational modelling in criminal proceedings from a European perspective. Part one provides a definition of the topics. Rather than focusing on policing or prevention of crime – largely tackled by recent literature – it explores ways in which AI can affect the investigation and adjudication of crime. There are two main areas of application: the first is evidence gathering, which is addressed in Part two. This section examines how traditional evidentiary law is affected by both new ways of investigation – based on automated processes (often using machine learning) – and new kinds of evidence, automatically generated by AI instruments. Drawing on the comprehensive case law of the European Court of Human Rights, it also presents reflections on the reliability and, ultimately, the admissibility of such evidence. Part three investigates the second application area: judicial decision-making, providing an unbiased review of the meaning, benefits, and possible long-term effects of ‘predictive justice’ in the criminal field. It highlights the prediction of both violent behaviour, or recidivism, and future court decisions, based on precedents. Touching on the foundations of common law and civil law traditions, the book offers insights into the usefulness of ‘prediction’ in criminal proceedings.

Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1452266379
Total Pages : 1224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention by : Bonnie S. Fisher

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention written by Bonnie S. Fisher and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 1224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a free 30-day online trial to this title, visit www.sagepub.com/freetrial In many ways, the two fields of victimology and crime prevention have developed along parallel yet separate paths, and the literature on both has been scattered across disciplines as varied as sociology, law and criminology, public health and medicine, political science and public policy, economics, psychology and human services, and others. The Encyclopedia of Victimology and Crime Prevention brings together in one authoritative resource the dispersed information and knowledge on both victimology and crime prevention. With nearly 375 entries, this two-volume set moves victimology and crime prevention one step further into recognized scholarly fields whose research informs practice and whose practice informs research. Key Features Provides users with the most authoritative and comprehensive coverage available on victimology and crime prevention Presents victimology and crime prevention as their own separate, justifiable disciplines rather than subfields within more established disciplines Discusses the status of victims within the criminal justice system, as well as topics of deterring and preventing victimization in the first place and responding to victims' needs Offers "anchor essays" written by leading scholars in their respective fields to provide starting points for investigating the more salient victimology and crime prevention topics Key Themes Business Prevention Actions Civil Justice System Correlates of Victimization Courts: Alternative Remedies Courts: Law and Justice Crime Prevention Crime Prevention Partnerships Criminal Justice System Fear of Crime Individual Protection Actions Interventions and Intervention Programs for Victim and Offender Intrafamilial Offenses Legislation and Statutes Media and Crime Prevention Methodology Offenses, Special Topics Official Crime Data Personal Offenses Property Offenses Psychological, Mental, and Physical Health Issues Residential Community Crime Prevention School and Workplace Offenses School-Based Crime Prevention Services and Treatment for Victims Theory Victimization Scales and Surveys Victimology Youth-Focused Crime Prevention The victimology–crime prevention nexus provides the foundation for a comprehensive and, hopefully, long-lasting approach to addressing the public's risk of being victimized and aids individuals who are targeted by a criminal act. This is a welcome addition to any academic library. The availability in print and electronic formats provides students with convenient, easy access wherever they may be.

Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540404333
Total Pages : 749 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development by : Kevin D. Ashley

Download or read book Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development written by Kevin D. Ashley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-11 with total page 749 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR) is the pree- nent international meeting on case-based reasoning (CBR). ICCBR 2003 (http://www.iccbr.org/iccbr03/)isthe?fthinthisseriesofbiennialinter- tional conferences highlighting the most signi?cant contributions to the ?eld of CBR.TheconferencetookplacefromJune23throughJune26,2003attheN- wegian University of Science and Technology in Trondheim, Norway. Previous ICCBR conferences have been held in Vancouver, Canada (2001), Seeon, G- many (1999), Providence, Rhode Island, USA (1997), and Sesimbra, Portugal (1995). Day 1 of ICCBR 2003, Industry Day, provided hands-on experiences utilizing CBR in cutting-edge knowledge-management applications (e.g., help-desks,- business, and diagnostics). Day 2 featured topical workshops on CBR in the healthsciences,theimpactoflife-cyclemodelsonCBRsystems,mixed-initiative CBR, predicting time series with cases, and providing assistance with structured vs. unstructured cases. Days 3 and 4 comprised presentations and posters on theoretical and applied CBR research and deployed CBR applications, as well as invited talks from three distinguished scholars: David Leake, Indiana University, H ́ ector Munoz-Avila, ̃ Lehigh University, and Ellen Rilo?, University of Utah. The presentations and posters covered a wide range of CBR topics of in- rest both to practitioners and researchers, including case representation, si- larity, retrieval, adaptation, case library maintenance, multi-agent collaborative systems, data mining, soft computing, recommender systems, knowledge ma- gement, legal reasoning, software reuse and music.

The Oxford Handbook of Prisons and Imprisonment

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199948151
Total Pages : 777 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Prisons and Imprisonment by : John Wooldredge

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Prisons and Imprisonment written by John Wooldredge and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 777 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Prisons and Imprisonment provides the only single source that bridges social scientific and behavioral perspectives, providing graduate students with a more comprehensive understanding of the topic, academics with a body of knowledge that will more effectively inform their own research, and practitioners with an overview of evidence-based best practices.

Victimology and Victim Assistance

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1544350740
Total Pages : 401 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (443 download)

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Book Synopsis Victimology and Victim Assistance by : Yoshiko Takahashi

Download or read book Victimology and Victim Assistance written by Yoshiko Takahashi and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-11-14 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Victimology and Victim Assistance offers insights into the criminal justice system from the perspective of often overlooked participants—victims. Delving into victim involvement in the criminal justice system, the impact of crime on victims, and new directions in victimology and victim assistance, authors Yoshiko Takahashi and Chadley James provide crucial insights and practical applications into the field of victim assistance. With an emphasis on advocacy, intervention, and restoration, this book examines real issues and barriers in the criminal justice system for victims and offers a way forward for future criminal justice or other human service professionals.

Alcohol and Sexual Violence

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Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031244265
Total Pages : 223 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

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Book Synopsis Alcohol and Sexual Violence by : David DiLillo

Download or read book Alcohol and Sexual Violence written by David DiLillo and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-25 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a chronology of the 68th Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, which is focused on contemporary research knowledge about sexual violence and alcohol use. This book is more specific to dating and intimate partner sexual violence in young adult populations. The target audience is researchers, prevention agencies and policymakers within academia and military settings. Alcohol use has long been recognized as a major contributor to sexual assault, with an estimated 50% of sexual assaults in the U.S. involving drinking by the victim, perpetrator, or both. Beyond the usual harmful effects, alcohol-involved assaults are associated with unique sequelae for female victims, including increased self-blame, stigma, and greater alcohol use to cope. Moreover, heavier drinking on the part of the perpetrator is associated with more serious incidents of assault (e.g., involving physical force) that result in more severe outcomes for victims. The purpose of this Symposium on Motivation is to bring together a group of experts in the areas of alcohol and sexual aggression to articulate the causes, consequences, and mechanisms of alcohol-involved sexual assault. Speakers will talk about classic and contemporary research and theories on these issues using cutting-edge approaches (e.g., virtual reality, neuroscience, laboratory-based alcohol administration) from a variety of perspectives (perpetrators, victims, bystanders).

Handbook of Research Methods in Health Psychology

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429948565
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Research Methods in Health Psychology by : Deborah Ragin

Download or read book Handbook of Research Methods in Health Psychology written by Deborah Ragin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-29 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive handbook, Ragin and Keenan present an all-encompassing analysis of the variety of different methods used in health psychology research. Featuring interdisciplinary collaborations from leading academics, this meticulously written volume is a guide to conducting cutting-edge research using tested and vetted best practices. It explains important research techniques, why they are selected and how they are conducted. The book critically examines both cutting-edge methods, such as those used in NextGen genetics, nudge theory, and the brain’s vulnerability to addiction, as well as the classic methods, including cortisol measurement, survey, and environmental study. The topics of the book span the gamut of health psychology field, from neuroimaging and statistical analysis to socioeconomic issues such as the policies used to address diseases in Africa, anti-vaxers, and the disproportionate impact of climate change on impoverished people. With each section featuring examples of best research practices, recommendations for study samples, accurate use of instrumentation, analytical techniques, and advanced-level data analysis, this book will be an essential text for both emerging student researchers and experts in the field and an indispensable resource in health psychology programs.

Microaggressions and Social Work Research, Practice and Education

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429863993
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (298 download)

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Book Synopsis Microaggressions and Social Work Research, Practice and Education by : Michael S. Spencer

Download or read book Microaggressions and Social Work Research, Practice and Education written by Michael S. Spencer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While blatant forms of racism and discrimination have largely been condemned in our society, systematic oppression and racism can be manifested in a less obvious form, as ‘microaggressions’. The term, originally developed in the 1970s by Chester Peirce to describe the ways in which Black people were "put down" by their White counterparts, has since been expanded to describe both conscious and unconscious acts that reflect superiority, hostility, and racially inflicted insults and demeanors to marginalized groups of people. This book provides a platform for social work researchers, scholars, and practitioners to present their research, ideas, and practices pertaining to ways in which microaggressions and other subtle, but lethal forms of discrimination impact marginalized populations within social work and human services. Contributors discuss the impact of microaggressions in social work as they relate to race; gender and gender expression; sexual orientation; class; and spirituality. The book also examines curriculum, pedagogy, and the academic climate as targets for intervention in social work education. This book was originally published as a series of special issues of the Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Diversity in Social Work.