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Use Of Microalgae For Wastewater Treatment And Biofuel Production
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Book Synopsis Microalgae Biotechnology for Development of Biofuel and Wastewater Treatment by : Md. Asraful Alam
Download or read book Microalgae Biotechnology for Development of Biofuel and Wastewater Treatment written by Md. Asraful Alam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-30 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses microalgae, which represent a very promising biomass resource for wastewater treatment and producing biofuels. Accordingly, microalgae are also an expanding sector in biofuels and wastewater treatment, as can be seen in several high-profile start-ups from around the globe, including Solix Biofuels, Craig Venter’s Synthetic Genomics, PetroSun, Chevron Corporation, ENN Group etc. In addition, a number of recent studies and patent applications have confirmed the value of modern microalgae for biofuels production and wastewater treatment systems. However, substantial inconsistencies have been observed in terms of system boundaries, scope, the cultivation of microalgae and oil extraction systems, production costs and economic viability, cost-lowering components, etc. Moreover, the downstream technologies and core principles involved in liquid fuel extraction from microalgae cells are still in their early stages, and not always adequate for industrial production. Accordingly, multilateral co-operation between universities, research institutes, governments, stakeholders and researchers is called for in order to make microalgae biofuels economical. Responding to this challenge, the book begins with a general introduction to microalgae and the algae industry, and subsequently discusses all major aspects of microalgal biotechnology, from strain isolation and robust strain development, to biofuel development, refinement and wastewater treatment.
Book Synopsis Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment by : Sanjay Kumar Gupta
Download or read book Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment written by Sanjay Kumar Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 563 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work presents comprehensive, accurate information on the present status and contemporary development in phycoremediation of various types of domestic and industrial wastewaters. The volume covers a mechanistic understanding of microalgae based treatment of wastewaters, including current challenges in the treatment of various organic and inorganic pollutants, and future opportunities of bioremediation of wastewater and industrial effluents on an algal platform. The editors compile the work of authors from around the globe, providing insight on key issues and state-of-the-art developments in algal bioremediation that is missing from the currently available body of literature. The volume hopes to serve as a much needed resource for professors, researchers and scientists interested in microalgae applications for wastewater treatment. Volume 2 addresses the various biorefinery aspects and applications of algal-based wastewater treatment in industrial and domestic contexts. The analyses are approached from multiple perspectives, including biotechnology, commercial, economic, and sustainability. The authors discuss the potential of microalgae for integrated biomass production utilizing various resources to treat wastewaters, and include evaluations of the economical and commercialization potential for such processes.
Book Synopsis Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production by : Abu Yousuf
Download or read book Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production written by Abu Yousuf and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae Cultivation for Biofuels Production explores the technological opportunities and challenges involved in producing economically competitive algal-derived biofuel. The book discusses efficient methods for cultivation, improvement of harvesting and lipid extraction techniques, optimization of conversion/production processes of fuels and co-products, the integration of microalgae biorefineries to several industries, environmental resilience by microalgae, and a techno-economic and lifecycle analysis of the production chain to gain maximum benefits from microalgae biorefineries. - Provides an overview of the whole production chain of microalgal biofuels and other bioproducts - Presents an analysis of the economic and sustainability aspects of the production chain - Examines the integration of microalgae biorefineries into several industries
Book Synopsis Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States by : National Research Council
Download or read book Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels in the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels made from algae are gaining attention as a domestic source of renewable fuel. However, with current technologies, scaling up production of algal biofuels to meet even 5 percent of U.S. transportation fuel needs could create unsustainable demands for energy, water, and nutrient resources. Continued research and development could yield innovations to address these challenges, but determining if algal biofuel is a viable fuel alternative will involve comparing the environmental, economic and social impacts of algal biofuel production and use to those associated with petroleum-based fuels and other fuel sources. Sustainable Development of Algal Biofuels was produced at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy.
Book Synopsis The Role of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment by : Lala Behari Sukla
Download or read book The Role of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment written by Lala Behari Sukla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-03 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the most emerging aspects of algal research with special reference to microalgae viz; diversity, mutations, genomics and metagenomics study, eco-physiology, culturing, microalgae for food and feed, biofuel production, harvesting of microalgae, separation, and purification of biochemicals, techno-economical assessment, microalgal biotechnology, algal-bacterial systems for wastewater treatment. It describes the complex issues associated with the above-mentioned areas with the intervention of cutting-edge biotechnological tools and techniques like next-generation sequencing methods, metabolomics, and bioreactor design and development. The chapters provide past developments, current information and future prospects of algal technology as an alternate avenue for waste water treatment and its potential for production of biofuel and nutraceuticals.
Book Synopsis USE OF MICROALGAE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION by : Sibia Ranjbar Kolachaie
Download or read book USE OF MICROALGAE FOR WASTEWATER TREATMENT AND BIOFUEL PRODUCTION written by Sibia Ranjbar Kolachaie and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalga-based technologies are introduced to provide a new generation of biofuels. The cultivation of microalgae in wastewater as the growth medium may offer the dual benefit of wastewater treatment and sustainable biofuel production. The potential of microalgal biomass to be converted into biodiesel depends on the accumulation of lipids, mainly triacylglycerols. However, the presence of toxic contaminants in municipal or industrial wastewater could negatively affect the biomass growth and modify the pattern of lipid accumulation in algae cells. This research aims to evaluate the potential of cultivating microalgae in wastewater for the removal of selected contaminants and the production of biodiesel. The hypothesis underlying this work was that growing microalgae in the presence of contaminants, typically found in wastewater, may induce a stress response that potentially increases the lipid productivity and enhances the biofuel yield. This research explored the potential of microalgae to be used for the removal of wastewater pollutants while accumulating high concentrations of neutral lipid that can be converted into biodiesel. Physiological and transcriptional responses of two genera of green algae were observed in the presence of stresses induced by toxic metals in raw hydraulic fracturing flowback water and pharmaceuticals found in municipal wastewater. Two green algae, Dunaliella salina and Chlorella vulgaris, were selected based on the availability of genetic information, current trends in the alga industry, and specific growth requirement in hypersaline flowback water and municipal wastewater. The first part of this research focuses on the possibility of using the salt-tolerant green microalga, D. salina, for the removal of toxic metals from hydraulic fracturing flowback water. In the second part of this research, the freshwater green microalga, C. vulgaris, was exposed to a suite of pharmaceuticals, commonly found in municipal wastewater, and the effects on the biomass growth and lipid accumulation were evaluated. In Chapter 3, aqueous geochemical characteristics of hydraulic fracturing flowback water were determined. Metagenomic analysis was also used to characterize the microbial community structure of the water samples. This technique included DNA extraction, PCR amplification of genes for 16S and 18S ribosomal RNA, and pyrosequencing. Although the two flowback water samples were shown to have water property measures in the range of reported values in literature, they were significantly different from each other regarding water properties such as total dissolved solids and total organic carbon. They also had distinct microbial community structures. It was shown the flowback water samples contained mainly halophilic, anaerobic, and thermophilic species with a pattern that was expected to be seen in natural gas shale reservoirs. Chapter 4 covers the characterization of the effects of contaminants (toxic metals) in hydraulic fracturing flowback water on the biomass growth and cellular lipid accumulation in Dunaliella salina. Metals were analyzed using ICP-MS. Biomass accumulation was determined by spectrophotometry and gravimetric methods. Lipid accumulation and composition were determined by GC-MS after conversion into fatty acid methyl esters. D. salina was successfully cultivated in saline hydraulic fracturing flowback water, and algal biomass growth was associated with a significant reduction of several toxic metals in the samples. D. salina, grown in flowback water, accumulated high levels of cellular lipids. Also, the estimated biodiesel properties were comparable with other algal biodiesel and complied with the US and EU biodiesel standards. The last chapter of part one presents the effects of a collection of metals commonly found in hydraulic fracturing flowback water and other industrial wastewaters on growth and lipid accumulation of D. salina. The impacts of the nitrogen concentration in the growth medium were also observed. The Nile red assay (fluorescence measurement after Nile red staining) was used to assess lipid accumulation. A range of toxic effects on the algal growth was observed. However, the effects were lower at higher nitrogen level that may indicate to an improved toxicity resistance when nutrient stress is minimal. Even with a high dose-dependent toxicity on growth, some toxic metals increased lipid accumulation. Chapter 6 describes the microplate-based toxicity test conducted to characterize the effect of a range of emerging contaminants (pharmaceuticals) commonly found in municipal wastewater on the biomass growth and cellular lipid accumulation measured by Nile red staining assay. Similar to what was observed for metals in Chapter 5, some pharmaceuticals increased lipid accumulation, even with a high dose-dependent toxicity on algal growth. Most tested pharmaceuticals at municipal wastewater levels (low) did not have a significant effect on the algal growth and lipid accumulation. Toxicity data (EC50 of growth) were well in agreement with what was reported in literature and antibiotics were the most toxic compounds among the different pharmaceutical classes. Chapter 7 presents a further characterization of the effects of a few selected compound from the previous chapter. Changes in the algal lipid composition upon exposure to the selected compounds were determined by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the extracted lipids using GC-MS. FT-IR spectroscopy was used to detect changes in the cellular constituents. The transcriptional responses of the key genes involved in the lipid metabolism of C. vulgaris were also investigated upon exposure to tetracycline using reverse-transcription real-time PCR and the results were interpreted based on the measured levels of cellular lipids and other metabolites. Lipid accumulation was changed upon exposure of algae to pharmaceuticals; however, the FAMEs profile did not show a significant variation. FT-IR spectroscopy highlighted the subtle changes in the cellular basis, and FT-IR peak associated with lipids was strongly correlated with total FAMEs quantified by GC-MS (Pearson correlation coefficient = 0.89). Gene expression analysis showed a general down-regulation of genes involved in the lipid biosynthesis. Results from this research are expecting to help develop and optimize innovative algal-based technologies combining the benefits of wastewater treatment, sustainable biofuel production, and mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions.
Book Synopsis Biomass and Biofuels from Microalgae by : Navid R. Moheimani
Download or read book Biomass and Biofuels from Microalgae written by Navid R. Moheimani and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-11 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book details the most recent advances in the microalgae biological sciences and engineering technologies for biomass and biofuel production in order to meet the ongoing need for new and affordable sources of food, chemicals and energy for future generations. The chapters explore new microalgae cultivation techniques, including solid (biofilm) systems, and heterotrophic production methods, while also critically investigating topics such as combining wastewater as a source of nutrients, the effect of CO2 on growth, and converting biomass to methane through anaerobic digestion. The book highlights innovative bioproduct optimization and molecular genetic techniques, applications of genomics and metabolomics, and the genetic engineering of microalgae strains targeting biocrude production. The latest developments in microalgae harvesting and dewatering technologies, which combine biomass production with electricity generation, are presented, along with detailed techno-economic modeling. This extensive volume was written by respected experts in their fields and is intended for a wide audience of researchers and engineers.
Book Synopsis Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment by : Sanjay Kumar Gupta
Download or read book Application of Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment written by Sanjay Kumar Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-23 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume work presents comprehensive, accurate information on the present status and contemporary development in phycoremediation of various types of domestic and industrial wastewaters. The volume covers a mechanistic understanding of microalgae based treatment of wastewaters, including current challenges in the treatment of various organic and inorganic pollutants, and future opportunities of bioremediation of wastewater and industrial effluents on an algal platform. The editors compile the work of authors from around the globe, providing insight on key issues and state-of-the-art developments in algal bioremediation that is missing from the currently available body of literature. The volume hopes to serve as a much needed resource for professors, researchers and scientists interested in microalgae applications for wastewater treatment. Volume 1 focuses on the different aspects of domestic and industrial wastewater treatment by microalgae. The case studies include examples such as genetic technologies as well as the development and efficient use of designer consortia for enhanced utilization of microalgae. This volume provides thorough and comprehensive information on removal of persistent and highly toxic contaminants such as heavy metals, organic pesticides, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, endocrine disruptors, pharmaceutical compounds, and dyes from wastewater by microalgae, diatoms, and blue-green algae. Design considerations for algal ponds and efficient use of photobioreactors and HRAPs for wastewater treatment are some other highlights. This volume addresses the applications, potentials, and future opportunities for these various considerations in water pollution mitigation using algal technologies.
Book Synopsis Biotechnological Applications of Microalgae by : Faizal Bux
Download or read book Biotechnological Applications of Microalgae written by Faizal Bux and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-05-22 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae are an invaluable biomass source with potential uses that could lead to environmental and economic benefits for society. Biotechnological Applications of Microalgae: Biodiesel and Value Added Products presents the latest developments and recent research trends with a focus on potential biotechnologically related uses of microalgae. It gi
Download or read book Biofuels written by Ayhan Demirbas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-14 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuel is a renewable energy source produced from natural materials. The benefits of biofuels over traditional petroleum fuels include greater energy security, reduced environmental impact, foreign exchange savings, and socioeconomic issues related to the rural sector. The most common biofuels are produced from classic food crops that require high-quality agricultural land for growth. However, bioethanol can be produced from plentiful, domestic, cellulosic biomass resources such as herbaceous and woody plants, agricultural and forestry residues, and a large portion of municipal and industrial solid waste streams. There is also a growing interest in the use of vegetable oils for making biodiesel. “Biofuels: Securing the Planet’s Future Energy Needs” discusses the production of transportation fuels from biomass (such as wood, straw and even household waste) by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. The book is an important text for students and researchers in energy engineering, as well as professional fuel engineers.
Book Synopsis Biotechnology for Zero Waste by : Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
Download or read book Biotechnology for Zero Waste written by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-18 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnology for Zero Waste The use of biotechnology to minimize waste and maximize resource valorization In Biotechnology for Zero Waste: Emerging Waste Management Techniques, accomplished environmental researchers Drs. Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain and Ravi Kumar Kadeppagari deliver a robust exploration of the role of biotechnology in reducing waste and creating a zero-waste environment. The editors provide resources covering perspectives in waste management like anaerobic co-digestion, integrated biosystems, immobilized enzymes, zero waste biorefineries, microbial fuel cell technology, membrane bioreactors, nano biomaterials, and more. Ideal for sustainability professionals, this book comprehensively sums up the state-of-the-art biotechnologies powering the latest advances in zero-waste strategies. The renowned contributors address topics like bioconversion and biotransformation and detail the concept of the circular economy. Biotechnology for Zero Waste effectively guides readers on the path to creating sustainable products from waste. The book also includes: A thorough introduction to modern perspectives on zero waste drives, including anaerobic co-digestion as a smart approach for enhancing biogas production Comprehensive explorations of bioremediation for zero waste, biological degradation systems, and bioleaching and biosorption of waste Practical discussions of bioreactors for zero waste and waste2energy with biotechnology An in-depth examination of emerging technologies, including nanobiotechnology for zero waste and the economics and commercialization of zero waste biotechnologies Perfect for process engineers, natural products, environmental, soil, and inorganic chemists, Biotechnology for Zero Waste: Emerging Waste Management Techniques will also earn a place in the libraries of food technologists, biotechnologists, agricultural scientists, and microbiologists.
Book Synopsis Microalgae Biotechnology for Wastewater Treatment, Resource Recovery and Biofuels by : Monika Prakash Rai
Download or read book Microalgae Biotechnology for Wastewater Treatment, Resource Recovery and Biofuels written by Monika Prakash Rai and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-16 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed with the objective of studying microalgae and its application in the widest sense. Microalgae offer various inherent advantages as they are capable of accumulating lipids (20–70%), and able to aid with the production of pigments, carbohydrates, and proteins. The book comprehensively covers microalgae isolation techniques, their cultivation, and wastewater treatment by microalgae as well as the impact on biomass, lipid extraction, biofuel, and utilization of residual biomass focusing on biorefinery approach. The volume discusses the conversion of defatted oiled microalgae biomass for different applications. Acknowledging these challenges, this book discusses the limitations, outcomes, and economic aspects
Book Synopsis Biofuels from Algae by : Kuan-Yeow Show
Download or read book Biofuels from Algae written by Kuan-Yeow Show and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-08-08 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extensive effort is being made globally to develop various biofuels as an inexhaustible and renewable energy source. Biofuels are viewed as promising alternatives to conventional fossil fuels because they have the potential to eliminate major environmental problems such as global warming and climate change created by fossil fuels. Among the still-developing biofuel technologies, biodiesel production from algae offers a good prospect for large-scale practical use, considering the fact that algae are capable of producing much more yield than other biofuels such as corn and soybean crops. Although research on algae-based biofuel is still in its developing stage, extensive work on laboratory- and pilot-scale algae-harvesting systems with promising prospects has been reported. This chapter presents a discussion of the literature review of recent advances in algal biomass harvesting. The chapter focuses on stability and separability of algae and algae-harvesting methods. Challenges and prospects of algae harvesting are also outlined. The review aims to provide useful information for future development of efficient and commercially viable algal biodiesel production.
Book Synopsis Algae for Biofuels and Energy by : Michael A. Borowitzka
Download or read book Algae for Biofuels and Energy written by Michael A. Borowitzka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae are one of the most studied potential sources of biofuels and bioenergy. This book covers the key steps in the production of renewable biofuels from microalgae - strain selection, culture systems, inorganic carbon utilisation, lipid metabolism and quality, hydrogen production, genetic engineering, biomass harvesting, extraction. Greenhouse gas and techno-economic modelling are reviewed as is the 100 year history of microalgae as sources of biofuels and of commercial-scale microalgae culture. A summary of relevant basic standard methods used in the study of microalgae culture is provided. The book is intended for the expert and those starting work in the field.
Book Synopsis Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water by : Ingrid Chorus
Download or read book Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water written by Ingrid Chorus and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-03-08 with total page 701 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cyanobacterial toxins are among the hazardous substances most widely found in water. They occur naturally, but concentrations hazardous to human health are usually due to human activity. Therefore, to protect human health, managing lakes, reservoirs and rivers to prevent cyanobacterial blooms is critical. This second edition of Toxic Cyanobacteria in Water presents the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins as well as their impacts on health through water-related exposure pathways, chiefly drinking-water and recreational activity. It provides scientific and technical background information to support hazard identification, assessment and prioritisation of the risks posed by cyanotoxins, and it outlines approaches for their management at each step of the water-use system. It sets out key practical considerations for developing management strategies, implementing efficient measures and designing monitoring programmes. This enables stakeholders to evaluate whether there is a health risk from toxic cyanobacteria and to mitigate it with appropriate measures. This book is intended for those working on toxic cyanobacteria with a specific focus on public health protection. It intends to empower professionals from different disciplines to communicate and cooperate for sustainable management of toxic cyanobacteria, including public health workers, ecologists, academics, and catchment and waterbody managers. Ingrid Chorus headed the department for Drinking-Water and Swimming-Pool Hygiene at the German Environment Agency. Martin Welker is a limnologist and microbiologist, currently with bioMérieux in Lyon, France.
Book Synopsis Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts by : Raul Muñoz
Download or read book Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts written by Raul Muñoz and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-13 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microalgae-Based Biofuels and Bioproducts: From Feedstock Cultivation to End Products compiles contributions from authors from different areas and backgrounds who explore the cultivation and utilization of microalgae biomass for sustainable fuels and chemicals. With a strong focus in emerging industrial and large scale applications, the book summarizes the new achievements in recent years in this field by critically evaluating developments in the field of algal biotechnology, whilst taking into account sustainability issues and techno-economic parameters. It includes information on microalgae cultivation, harvesting, and conversion processes for the production of liquid and gaseous biofuels, such as biogas, bioethanol, biodiesel and biohydrogen. Microalgae biorefinery and biotechnology applications, including for pharmaceuticals, its use as food and feed, and value added bioproducts are also covered. This book's comprehensive scope makes it an ideal reference for both early stage and consolidated researchers, engineers and graduate students in the algal field, especially in energy, chemical and environmental engineering, biotechnology, biology and agriculture. - Presents the most current information on the uses and untapped potential of microalgae in the production of bio-based fuels and chemicals - Critically reviews the state-of-the-art feedstock cultivation of biofuels and bioproducts mass production from microalgae, including intermediate stages, such as harvesting and extraction of specific compounds - Includes topics in economics and sustainability of large-scale microalgae cultivation and conversion technologies
Book Synopsis Micro Algae Useful for Bio-fuel Production and Waste Water Treatment by : Dhakad Tanwar Manju
Download or read book Micro Algae Useful for Bio-fuel Production and Waste Water Treatment written by Dhakad Tanwar Manju and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-08-05 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of microalgae cultivation as an integrated system in wastewater treatment has optimized the potential of the microalgae - based biofuel production. Microalgal biomass contains lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, pigments and other cell compounds, and it can provide different kinds of biofuels such as biodiesel, biomethane and ethanol; these microorganisms can also be used to produce bioplastic materials and the residual biomass can be applied as fertilizer.
