Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Urban Rural Differences In Infant Mortality In Nepal
Download Urban Rural Differences In Infant Mortality In Nepal full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Urban Rural Differences In Infant Mortality In Nepal ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Urban Rural Differences in Infant Mortality in Nepal by : Gokarna Prasad Sharma Regmi
Download or read book Urban Rural Differences in Infant Mortality in Nepal written by Gokarna Prasad Sharma Regmi and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Topographical Differences of Infant Mortality in Nepal by : Rubee Dev
Download or read book Topographical Differences of Infant Mortality in Nepal written by Rubee Dev and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infant mortality is a major problem in Nepal, particularly for residents in remote rural areas. Lack of roads and absence of hospitals and health facilities in remote areas contribute to the problem. The objectives of this study were to assess infant mortality rate (IMR) in the three ecological zones of Nepal (Mountain, Hill and Terai) and to examine the effect of distance to health facility on the association between ecological zone and infant mortality. Methods: The Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) conducted in 2011 was used to calculate infant mortality rates for the Mountain, Hill and Terai zones of Nepal. Infant mortality was compared across three ecological zones in a sample of 5,306 live births in the five years preceding the survey. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between ecological zones and infant mortality focusing on distance to health facility and adjusting for potential confounders including maternal age at first birth, education level, total children ever born, birth interval and infant size at birth. Results: The weighted IMR in each ecological zone was calculated to be 59 (95% CI: 36-81), 44 (35-53), and 40 (33-47) infant deaths per 1000 live births for the Mountain, Hill and Terai zones, respectively. Residing in the Mountain zone was associated with a greater risk of infant mortality compared to those in the Terai zone (OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.01-2.02, p=0.04). The risk of infant mortality in the Hill zone did not differ significantly from risk in the Terai zone (OR=1.17, 95% CI: 0.86-1.57, p=0.30). The elevated risk of infant mortality in the Mountain Zone compared to the Terai zone was observed only among mothers who perceived distance to health facility as a major problem (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.01-2.40, p=0.04). There was no significant difference in IMRs in the three ecologic zones among births to women who did not perceive distance as a big problem. In addition, a greater percent of women in the Mountain zone reported that distance to health facilities was a big problem (70.8%) compared to 60.0% in the Hill zone and 45.6% in the Terai zone. Conclusions: The excess risk of infant mortality in the Mountain zone of Nepal is due to both 1) the higher risk of infant mortality in the Mountain zone vs. the Hill and Terai zones among births to women who perceived distance to health facilities as a big problem; and 2) the higher proportion of births in the Mountain zone where distance to health facilities is perceived to be a big problem. These findings highlight the importance of accessibility of health services, particularly in the Mountain zone of Nepal. Going forward it will be important to develop intervention strategies and programs that will target remote populations.
Book Synopsis Rural-urban Differences in Infant Mortality in Indonesia by : Eddy N. Hasmi
Download or read book Rural-urban Differences in Infant Mortality in Indonesia written by Eddy N. Hasmi and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Healthcare Reform and Gender Specific Infant Mortality in Rural Nepal by : Juergen Jung
Download or read book Healthcare Reform and Gender Specific Infant Mortality in Rural Nepal written by Juergen Jung and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract We estimate to what extent a large scale health care reform disproportionately affects the mortality rate of boys in the context of a developing country with cultural preferences favoring boys. We use arguably exogenous variations due to a health care reform--the National Health Policy--which was implemented in Nepal in 1991 along with data from the Nepal Living Standard Survey 1996 and estimate that improved quality of primary health care facilities (by one standard deviation) reduces the mortality rate of infant boys by 3.43 percentage points but does not affect the mortality rate of infant girls. Our analysis points to societal gender preferences for sons and the consequent neglect of daughters' health as potential drivers of some of the observed differences in mortality between genders and highlights the important role of cultural norms in shaping the outcomes of large scale health care reforms.
Book Synopsis Infant and Child Mortality in Nepal by : Prakash Dev Pant
Download or read book Infant and Child Mortality in Nepal written by Prakash Dev Pant and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Association of Infant Mortality Rates and Healthcare Resources in Urban and Rural Counties Across the United States by : Vanessa Guevara
Download or read book Association of Infant Mortality Rates and Healthcare Resources in Urban and Rural Counties Across the United States written by Vanessa Guevara and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infant mortality rate, an indicator of community health, was 5.6 deaths per 1,000 live births in the United States in 2019. The purpose of this study was to understand ruralurban relationships between healthcare resources and infant mortality at the county-level. The design was secondary, cross-sectional, descriptive, comparative, and correlational. There were 471 urban and 15 rural counties with infant mortality data. Average infant mortality rate was higher in rural (M=8.99, SD=1.59) compared to urban (M=6.19, SD=1.74) counties. There was a statistically significant difference for infant mortality, total hospitals, hospitals with NICUs, and OBGYNs in rural compared to urban counties. There was a positive, statistically significant correlation between rate of APRNs per 1,000 and infant mortality per 1,000 in urban and rural counties, indicating that more APRNs were present on average in counties with higher infant mortality. Further research is needed to determine other factors explaining the rural-urban infant mortality disparity.
Book Synopsis Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) by : Robert Black
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Book Synopsis Reducing Birth Defects by : Institute of Medicine
Download or read book Reducing Birth Defects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-10-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 4 million children are born with birth defects. This book highlights the unprecedented opportunity to improve the lives of children and families in developing countries by preventing some birth defects and reducing the consequences of others. A number of developing countries with more comprehensive health care systems are making significant progress in the prevention and care of birth defects. In many other developing countries, however, policymakers have limited knowledge of the negative impact of birth defects and are largely unaware of the affordable and effective interventions available to reduce the impact of certain conditions. Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World includes descriptions of successful programs and presents a plan of action to address critical gaps in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of birth defects in developing countries. This study also recommends capacity building, priority research, and institutional and global efforts to reduce the incidence and impact of birth defects in developing countries.
Book Synopsis Infant and Child Mortality by : Shea Oscar Rutstein
Download or read book Infant and Child Mortality written by Shea Oscar Rutstein and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Consequences of Mortality Trends and Differentials by :
Download or read book Consequences of Mortality Trends and Differentials written by and published by New York : United Nations. This book was released on 1986 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The State of the World's Children 2009 by : UNICEF.
Download or read book The State of the World's Children 2009 written by UNICEF. and published by UNICEF. This book was released on 2008 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Having a child remains one of the biggest health risks for women worldwide. Fifteen hundred women die every day while giving birth. That's a half a million mothers every year. UNICEF's flagship publication, The State of the World's Children 2009, addresses maternal mortality, one of the most intractable problems for development work.The difference in pregnancy risk between women in developing countries and their peers in the industrialised world is often termed the greatest health divide in the world. A woman in Niger has a one in seven chance of dying during the course of her lifetime from complications during pregnancy or delivery. That's in stark contrast to the risk for mothers in America, where it's one in 4,800 or in Ireland, where it's just one in 48,000. Addressing that gap is a multidisciplinary challenge, requiring an emphasis on education, human resources, community involvement and social equality. At a minimum, women must be guaranteed antenatal care, skilled birth attendants and emergency obstetrics, and postpartum care. These essential interventions will only be guaranteed within the context of improved education and the abolition of discrimination.
Book Synopsis Principles of Demography by : Donald J. Bogue
Download or read book Principles of Demography written by Donald J. Bogue and published by New York : Wiley. This book was released on 1969 with total page 954 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Textbook on the theoretics of demographic study - covers historical aspects of demography as a social sciences discipline, research methods, the principles of analysing and forecasting in respect of human populations, etc. Bibliography at the end of each chapter, and references.
Book Synopsis Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators by : OECD
Download or read book Health at a Glance 2021 OECD Indicators written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2021-11-09 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health at a Glance provides a comprehensive set of indicators on population health and health system performance across OECD members and key emerging economies. This edition has a special focus on the health impact of COVID-19 in OECD countries, including deaths and illness caused by the virus, adverse effects on access and quality of care, and the growing burden of mental ill-health.
Book Synopsis Babies Made Us Modern by : Janet Golden
Download or read book Babies Made Us Modern written by Janet Golden and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Placing babies' lives at the center of her narrative, historian Janet Golden analyzes the dramatic transformations in the lives of American babies during the twentieth century. She examines how babies shaped American society and culture and led their families into the modern world to become more accepting of scientific medicine, active consumers, open to new theories of human psychological development, and welcoming of government advice and programs. Importantly Golden also connects the reduction in infant mortality to the increasing privatization of American lives. She also examines the influence of cultural traditions and religious practices upon the diversity of infant lives, exploring the ways class, race, region, gender, and community shaped life in the nursery and household.
Book Synopsis The Cambridge Handbook of Environment in Human Development by : Linda Mayes
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Environment in Human Development written by Linda Mayes and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-27 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Families, communities and societies influence children's learning and development in many ways. This is the first handbook devoted to the understanding of the nature of environments in child development. Utilizing Urie Bronfenbrenner's idea of embedded environments, this volume looks at environments from the immediate environment of the family (including fathers, siblings, grandparents and day-care personnel) to the larger environment including schools, neighborhoods, geographic regions, countries and cultures. Understanding these embedded environments and the ways in which they interact is necessary to understand development.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring by : World Health Organization
Download or read book Handbook on Health Inequality Monitoring written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Handbook on health inequality monitoring: with a special focus on low- and middle-income countries is a resource that enables countries to do just that. It presents a comprehensive yet clear overview of health inequality monitoring in a user-friendly manner. The handbook succeeds in giving those involved in health inequality monitoring an appreciation of the complexities of the process, as well as building the practical knowledge and skills for systematic monitoring of health inequalities in low- and middle-income countries. The use of the handbook will enable countries to better monitor and evaluate their progress and performance with a high degree of accountability and transparency, and allow them to use the results to formulate evidenced-based policies, programmes and practices to tackle inequalities in an effective manner."--Publisher's description.
Book Synopsis Water, sanitation and child health: Evidence from subnational panel data in 59 countries by : Headey, Derek D.
Download or read book Water, sanitation and child health: Evidence from subnational panel data in 59 countries written by Headey, Derek D. and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2018-08-24 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) investments are widely seen as essential for improving health in early childhood. However, the experimental literature on WASH interventions identifies inconsistent impacts on child health outcomes, with relatively robust impacts on diarrhea and other symptoms of infection, but weak and varying impacts on child nutrition. In contrast, observational research exploiting cross-sectional variation in water and sanitation access is much more sanguine, finding strong associations with diarrhea prevalence, mortality and stunting. In practice, both literatures suffer from significant methodological limitations. Experimental WASH evaluations are often subject to poor compliance, rural bias, and short duration of exposure, while cross-sectional observational evidence may be highly vulnerable to omitted variables bias. To overcome some of the limitations of both literatures, we construct a panel of 442 subnational regions in 59 countries with multiple Demographic Health Surveys. This large subnational panel is used to implement difference-in-difference regressions that allow us to examine whether longer term changes in water and sanitation at the subnational level predict improvements in child morbidity, mortality and nutrition. We find results that are partially consistent with both literatures. Improved water access is statistically insignificantly associated with most outcomes, although water piped into the dwelling predicts reductions in child stunting. Improvements in sanitation predict large reductions in diarrhea prevalence and child mortality, but are not associated with changes in stunting or wasting. We estimate that sanitation improvements can account for just under 10% of the decline in child mortality from 1990-2015.