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Transport And Thermodynamics Of Water In Hyrdogels And The Plant Mimetic Generation Of Negative Pressure In Water
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Book Synopsis Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in Hydrogels and the Plant-mimetic Generation of Negative Pressure in Water by : Tobias D. Wheeler
Download or read book Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in Hydrogels and the Plant-mimetic Generation of Negative Pressure in Water written by Tobias D. Wheeler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in Hyrdogels and the Plant-mimetic Generation of Negative Pressure in Water by : Tobias D. Wheeler
Download or read book Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in Hyrdogels and the Plant-mimetic Generation of Negative Pressure in Water written by Tobias D. Wheeler and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Finally, this dissertation presents the development of a psychrometric method for determining the chemical potential difference that drives the diffusive transport of water across a hydrogel membrane during pervaporation. This method was used to determine the water transport properties of two example hydrogels, poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and Nafion, to demonstrate its utility.
Book Synopsis Plant-Mimetic Generation Of Negative Pressure In Water by : I-Tzu Chen
Download or read book Plant-Mimetic Generation Of Negative Pressure In Water written by I-Tzu Chen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When the pressure of a liquid is reduced below its saturation pressure, instead of forming vapor, the liquid can exist in a metastable state; at pressures below zero, the liquid becomes stretched and is under tension. This metastable liquid will eventually cavitate and return to stable equilibrium with vapor as the pressure falls to the stability limit. The behavior of water under tension and its cavitation limit are relevant to various topics in real life, e.g. the ascent of sap flow in trees. Also, scientists have pursued the use of liquid at negative pressure in technologies, e.g. synthetic 'trees' that allowed for water transportation with large negative pressure gradient ([GREATER-THAN OR EQUAL TO]21MPa). Fundamentally, a picture of the structure of water's phase diagram remains incomplete. To help elucidate the debate, researchers have used various techniques to place liquid water under tension to measure its properties; however experimental measurements for water stability limits obtained with different techniques show a large scatter. This dissertation reports the design and operation of a plant-mimetic experimental system which enables tests of water stability limits by the metastable vapor-liquid equilibrium method with nanoporous silicon membranes. This system provides a practical platform to place static, bulk volumes of liquid into metastable region that can be studied, manipulated and coupled to existing technologies. Also presented is the design and analysis of superheated loop heat pipes (SHLHPs); the SHLHP captures the main attributes of transpiration in trees. A steady-state model was developed for both conventional LHPs and SHLHPs; our analytical model shows that SHLHPs could exploit negative pressure working fluid to achieve efficient heat transfer over long distance and against large acceleration, and extend the limitations of conventional LHPs imposed by thermodynamic properties of the working fluid. Finally, this dissertation presents the development of SHLHP prototypes. A central challenge in the experimental realization of SHLHPs is the membrane that allows reliable use of liquid in metastable regions. Two-layer silicon membranes were fabricated to from MEMS-based SHLHPs. Also introduced is an experimental system designed to study SHLHP performances, enabling us to demonstrate the use of liquid at negative pressure in heat transfer technologies.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in the Biosphere by : Michael Santiago
Download or read book Transport and Thermodynamics of Water in the Biosphere written by Michael Santiago and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants carry water through xylem, a vascular network that consists of low-resistance channels interconnected by high-resistance nanoporous membranes. We model how electrokinetic effects in the nanopores influence overall xylem hydraulic conductance, with respect to the concentration and identity of ions present in the perfusing water. Using published data on membrane composition and physiological values of ionic concentration, we predict that xylem hydraulic conductance changes nonmonotonically with ionic concentration; this effect can reduce conductance by up to 18% and is compatible with published experimental data. We propose experiments aimed at distinguishing electrokinetic effects from other proposed mechanisms. In a wetted porous material, the curved meniscus at the liquid-vapor interface can hold a pressure difference and allow the liquid phase to (1) drop to pressures below zero-be under mechanical tension, and (2) equilibrate with subsaturated phases. Using this principle, we built a microfabricated device to place liquids under tension and measure their pressure. The device, called a microtensiometer, consists of a liquid reservoir that connects to the sensed environment through a nanoporous membrane, and a pressure-sensing diaphragm that measures the reservoir pressure. It was used to measure the cavitation pressures of water, acetone and methanol, and the water equation of state down to -15 MPa. The microtensiometer was further miniaturized and packaged to become an in situ probe for water potential. Water potential measures the availability of water for physical and chemical processes. The probe was tested in 3 contexts: osmotic solutions, soil samples, and living plants. In osmotic solutions, the sensor measured water potential to an accuracy of ±0.3 MPa. In soil, the use of microtensiometers in the Wind/Schindler evaporation method allowed for measurement of water retention curves over an unprecedented range of water potential. In an apple stem, the sensor measured the correct trend over the course of 10 days, but tensions measured were 2-4 times higher compared to the pressure bomb, possibly due to sensor-xylem temperature gradients.
Book Synopsis Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals by : Arthur M. Jungreis
Download or read book Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals written by Arthur M. Jungreis and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogels in Medicine and Pharmacy by : Nikolaos A. Peppas
Download or read book Hydrogels in Medicine and Pharmacy written by Nikolaos A. Peppas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1986, this book offers a full, comprehensive guide to the application of hydrogels in medicine. Carefully compiled and filled with a vast repertoire of notes, diagrams, and references this book serves as a useful reference for students of medicine and other practitioners in their respective fields.
Book Synopsis The Green Side of the Water Cycle: New Advances in the Study of Plant Water Dynamics by : Juan Pedro Ferrio
Download or read book The Green Side of the Water Cycle: New Advances in the Study of Plant Water Dynamics written by Juan Pedro Ferrio and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-11-18 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.
Download or read book Hydrogels written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by . This book was released on 2019-09-19 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogels in Biology and Medicine by : J. Michalek
Download or read book Hydrogels in Biology and Medicine written by J. Michalek and published by Nova Biomedical Books. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The range of materials used for biomedical applications is very broad. This means that the demands on their properties are very diverse depending on various medical areas and applications. Moreover, it is often necessary to have available materials with the possibility to set the required parameters very precisely in very wide ranges. Because of the similar mechanical behaviour of hydrogels with that of living tissues and their good compatibility and ability of hydrogels to swell in water, the hydrogels are often used in biomedical applications. This book discusses and presents the use of hydrogel polymers in biology and medicine.
Book Synopsis Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals by :
Download or read book Water Relations in Membrane Transport in Plants and Animals written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Mechanisms of Water Transport by : Thomas Zeuthen
Download or read book Molecular Mechanisms of Water Transport written by Thomas Zeuthen and published by Landes Bioscience. This book was released on 1996 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications by : American Chemical Society
Download or read book Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications written by American Chemical Society and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications by : Joseph D. Andrade
Download or read book Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications written by Joseph D. Andrade and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1. Synthetic hydrogels for biomedical applications 1; 2. Vapor pressure and swelling pressure of hydrogels 37; 3. The role of proteoglycans and collagen in the swelling of connective tissue 52; 4. The role of water in the osmotic and viscoelastic behavior of gel networks 60; 5. Permeability as a means to study the structure of gels 69; 6. Diffusion through hydrogel membranes. I. Permeation of water through poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and related polymers 80; 7. The chemistry of some selected methacrylate hydrogels 88; 8. Analysis and purification of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate by means of thin-layer chromatography 105; 9. Rotational viscometry studies of the polymerization of hydrophilic methacrylate monomers 119; 10. The effect of tacticity on the thermal behavior of various poly(methacrylate esters) 139; 11. Calcification and bone induction studies in heterogeneous phosphorylated hydrogels 151; 12. Continuous monitoring of blood glucose using gel entrapped glucose oxidase 162; 13. The slow release of hydrocortisone sodium succinate from poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) membranes 167; 14. Controlled release of fluoride from hydrogels for dental applications 180; 15. The hydrogel-water interface 198; 16. Probing the hydrogel/water interface 206; 17. Elimination of electroosmotic flow in analytical particle electrophoresis 225; 18. Streaming potential studies on gel-coated glass capillaries 241; 19. Water wettability of hydrogels 252; 20. Water wettability of proteins adsorbed at the hydrogel-water interface 267; 21. Radiation-induced co-graft polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate onto silicone rubber films 283; 22. The thermodynamics of water sorption in radiation-grafted hydrogels 295; 23. Biological and physical characteristics of some polyelectrolytes 305; 24. Fibrous capsule formation and fibroblast interactions at charged hydrogel interfaces 329.
Book Synopsis Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications by :
Download or read book Hydrogels for Medical and Related Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Pressure, Volume, and Temperature Behavior of Water at Negative Pressures by : Sun Joon Cho
Download or read book The Pressure, Volume, and Temperature Behavior of Water at Negative Pressures written by Sun Joon Cho and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Water and Solute Transport in Responsive Hydrogels of Poly(ethylene Glycol) and Poly(methacrylic Acid) by : Cristi Lynn Bell
Download or read book Water and Solute Transport in Responsive Hydrogels of Poly(ethylene Glycol) and Poly(methacrylic Acid) written by Cristi Lynn Bell and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
