Think Tanks And The Production Of Policy Knowledge In America

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America’s Dream Palace

Author : Osamah F. Khalil
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674974204
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (749 download)

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Book Synopsis America’s Dream Palace by : Osamah F. Khalil

Download or read book America’s Dream Palace written by Osamah F. Khalil and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2016-10-17 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In T. E. Lawrence’s classic memoir Seven Pillars of Wisdom, Lawrence of Arabia claimed that he inspired a “dream palace” of Arab nationalism. What he really inspired, however, was an American idea of the area now called the Middle East that has shaped U.S. interventions over the course of a century, with sometimes tragic consequences. America’s Dream Palace brings into sharp focus the ways U.S. foreign policy has shaped the emergence of expertise concerning this crucial, often turbulent, and misunderstood part of the world. America’s growing stature as a global power created a need for expert knowledge about different regions. When it came to the Middle East, the U.S. government was initially content to rely on Christian missionaries and Orientalist scholars. After World War II, however, as Washington’s national security establishment required professional expertise in Middle Eastern affairs, it began to cultivate a mutually beneficial relationship with academic institutions. Newly created programs at Harvard, Princeton, and other universities became integral to Washington’s policymaking in the region. The National Defense Education Act of 1958, which aligned America’s educational goals with Cold War security concerns, proved a boon for Middle Eastern studies. But charges of anti-Americanism within the academy soon strained this cozy relationship. Federal funding for area studies declined, while independent think tanks with ties to the government flourished. By the time the Bush administration declared its Global War on Terror, Osamah Khalil writes, think tanks that actively pursued agendas aligned with neoconservative goals were the drivers of America’s foreign policy.

Think Tanks in America

Author : Thomas Medvetz
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226517292
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (265 download)

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Book Synopsis Think Tanks in America by : Thomas Medvetz

Download or read book Think Tanks in America written by Thomas Medvetz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2012-09-06 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past half-century, think tanks have become fixtures of American politics, supplying advice to presidents and policy makers, expert testimony on Capitol Hill, and convenient facts and figures to journalists and media specialists. But what are think tanks? Who funds them? What kind of “research” do they produce? Where does their authority come from? And how influential have they become? In Think Tanks in America, Thomas Medvetz argues that the unsettling ambiguity of the think tank is less an accidental feature of its existence than the very key to its impact. By combining elements of more established sources of public knowledge—universities, government agencies, businesses, and the media—think tanks exert a tremendous amount of influence on the way citizens and lawmakers perceive the world, unbound by the more clearly defined roles of those other institutions. In the process, they transform the government of this country, the press, and the political role of intellectuals. Timely, succinct, and instructive, this provocative book will force us to rethink our understanding of the drivers of political debate in the United States.

Critical Perspectives on Think Tanks

Author : Landry, Julien
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789909236
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Critical Perspectives on Think Tanks by : Landry, Julien

Download or read book Critical Perspectives on Think Tanks written by Landry, Julien and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-07-31 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative book explores think tanks from the perspective of critical policy studies, showcasing how knowledge, power and politics intersect with the ways in which think tanks intervene in public policy.

Think Tanks in the US and EU

Author : Christopher James Rastrick
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351684558
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Think Tanks in the US and EU by : Christopher James Rastrick

Download or read book Think Tanks in the US and EU written by Christopher James Rastrick and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do US and EU think tanks diverge in their roles, priorities, and main constituencies? Providing the first substantive analytical comparison of think tanks in Washington and Brussels, this book explores the differences that exist and why they developed. Two principal variables are identified – institutional credibility and political culture – as a measure of comparison between the two think tank models. Supranational think tanks have an inherent credibility with the institutions of the EU, which allows them to direct their resources and efforts to activities and outputs where they hold a comparative advantage. US think tanks lack such institutional recognition and so need to prove their credibility to their main constituencies. The result is that an adversarial and individualistic political culture has informed the norms and activities of Washington think tanks while the consensus-driven and collectivist political culture of Europe has influenced supranational think tanks. Think tanks are far from newcomers to the public policy scene, but our broader understanding of their role, structure and how they assess their own achievements is not yet fully developed. By providing a framework within which to analyse this, this book will be of interest to academics, students and policy experts working within public policy, comparative politics and political science more generally.

Handbook on Think Tanks in Public Policy

Author : Donald E. Abelson
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789901847
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook on Think Tanks in Public Policy by : Donald E. Abelson

Download or read book Handbook on Think Tanks in Public Policy written by Donald E. Abelson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important Handbook is a comprehensive guide to the role, function and perceived impact of policy research-oriented institutions in North America, Europe and beyond. Over 20 international scholars explore the diverse and eclectic world of think tanks to reveal their structure, governance and unique position in occupying a critical space on the public-policy landscape.

The National Origins of Policy Ideas

Author : John L. Campbell
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 069116116X
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The National Origins of Policy Ideas by : John L. Campbell

Download or read book The National Origins of Policy Ideas written by John L. Campbell and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-04-27 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In politics, ideas matter. They provide the foundation for economic policymaking, which in turn shapes what is possible in domestic and international politics. Yet until now, little attention has been paid to how these ideas are produced and disseminated, and how this process varies between countries. The National Origins of Policy Ideas provides the first comparative analysis of how "knowledge regimes"—communities of policy research organizations like think tanks, political party foundations, ad hoc commissions, and state research offices, and the institutions that govern them—generate ideas and communicate them to policymakers. John Campbell and Ove Pedersen examine how knowledge regimes are organized, operate, and have changed over the last thirty years in the United States, France, Germany, and Denmark. They show how there are persistent national differences in how policy ideas are produced. Some countries do so in contentious, politically partisan ways, while others are cooperative and consensus oriented. They find that while knowledge regimes have adopted some common practices since the 1970s, tendencies toward convergence have been limited and outcomes have been heavily shaped by national contexts. Drawing on extensive interviews with top officials at leading policy research organizations, this book demonstrates why knowledge regimes are as important to capitalism as the state and the firm, and sheds new light on debates about the effects of globalization, the rise of neoliberalism, and the orientation of comparative political economy in political science and sociology.

Do Think Tanks Matter?

Author : Donald E. Abelson
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773536078
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Do Think Tanks Matter? by : Donald E. Abelson

Download or read book Do Think Tanks Matter? written by Donald E. Abelson and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 2009 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing the evolution and influence of public policy institutes.

Think Tanks and Global Politics

Author : Alejandra Salas-Porras
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137567562
Total Pages : 279 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Think Tanks and Global Politics by : Alejandra Salas-Porras

Download or read book Think Tanks and Global Politics written by Alejandra Salas-Porras and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a cutting edge analysis of the increasingly central role think tanks play in societies worldwide. Examining their control of global resources both in economic and political policy fields and their inroads into structures of power, it addresses key questions. How have think thanks reached these positions of power? Has the northern core produced neoliberal clones that have hydra-like colonised the globe? Who funds and controls these think tanks and for what purpose? How is policy making knowledge created? How are new policy ideas propagated and validated? How do think tanks become dominant sources of knowledge in public spheres including the media? Exploring the dynamics of think tank networks in specific regions and countries, this book considers the coalitions they generate to advance the social purpose they endorse and, in particular, the spaces they occupy in the structures and fields of power at the national, regional and global level.

Knowledge to Policy

Author : Fred Carden
Publisher : IDRC
ISBN 13 : 8178299305
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (782 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge to Policy by : Fred Carden

Download or read book Knowledge to Policy written by Fred Carden and published by IDRC. This book was released on 2009-04-06 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigates the effects of research in the field of international development.. Examines the consequences of 23 research projects funded by Canada's International Development Research Centre in developing countries. Shows how research influence public policy and decision-making and how can contribute to better governance.

Think Tanks, Public Policy, and the Politics of Expertise

Author : Andrew Rich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 052183029X
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (218 download)

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Book Synopsis Think Tanks, Public Policy, and the Politics of Expertise by : Andrew Rich

Download or read book Think Tanks, Public Policy, and the Politics of Expertise written by Andrew Rich and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the number of think tanks active in American politics has more than quadrupled since the 1970s, their influence has not expanded proportionally. Instead, the known ideological proclivities of many, especially newer think tanks with their aggressive efforts to obtain high profiles, have come to undermine the credibility with which experts and expertise are generally viewed by public officials. This book explains this paradox. The analysis is based on 135 in-depth interviews with officials at think tanks and those in the policy making and funding organizations that draw upon and support their work. The book reports on results from a survey of congressional staff and journalists and detailed case studies of the role of experts in health care and telecommunications reform debates in the 1990s and tax reduction in 2001.

Philanthropy, Hidden Strategy, and Collective Resistance

Author : Kathleen deMarrais
Publisher : Myers Education Press
ISBN 13 : 1975500733
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (755 download)

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Book Synopsis Philanthropy, Hidden Strategy, and Collective Resistance by : Kathleen deMarrais

Download or read book Philanthropy, Hidden Strategy, and Collective Resistance written by Kathleen deMarrais and published by Myers Education Press. This book was released on 2019-04-18 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A 2020 SPE Outstanding Book Award Winner A 2019 AESA Critic's Choice Award Winner Conservative ideologues have sought to shift the focus from the collective good to the individual good and to redirect the purposes and aims of education away from public benefit and in favor of private enterprise. As such, market-oriented, privatized, and standardized approaches to education reform have worked toward achieving that goal. This book is a primer on how the political right is utilizing various aspects of philanthropy and the political process to influence educational policymaking. In 1971, corporate lawyer and future U.S. Supreme Court Justice Lewis Powell wrote a detailed memo that galvanized a small group of conservative philanthropists to create an organizational structure and fifty-year plan to alter the political landscape of the United States. Funded with significant “dark money,” the fruits of their labor are evident today in the current political context and sharp cultural divisions in society. Philanthropy, Hidden Strategy, and Collective Resistance examines the ideologies behind the philanthropic efforts in education from the 1970s until today. Authors examine specific strategies philanthropists have used to impact both educational policy and practice in the U.S. as well as the legal and policy context in which these initiatives have thrived. The book, aimed for a broad audience of educators, provides a depth of knowledge of philanthropic funding as well as specific strategies to incite collective resistance to the current context of hyperaccountability, privatization of schooling at all levels, and attempts to move the U.S. further away from a commitment to the collective good. Perfect for courses such as: Critical and Contemporary Issues in Education, Education Policy, Educational Policy Analysis, Social Foundations of Education, Philanthropy, Public Policy & Community Change, Philanthropic Studies, Sociology of Education, Politics of Education, Current Issues in Education, Government and the Mass Media, Polarization of American Politics.

Global Trends and Transitions in Security Expertise

Author : James McGann
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351397737
Total Pages : 215 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends and Transitions in Security Expertise by : James McGann

Download or read book Global Trends and Transitions in Security Expertise written by James McGann and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-08 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scope of Security and International Affairs research has expanded tremendously since the end of the Cold War to include topics beyond the realm of war studies or military statecraft. The field—once devoted solely to the study of conventional military and nuclear security issues—has diversified to include foci often considered nontraditional, including peace and conflict, political, economic, environmental, and human security. In this exciting new volume, McGann has undertaken a quantitative and qualitative study of SIA think tanks, looking at global and regional trends in their research. He argues that the end of the Cold War marked a fundamental shift within the field of defense and security studies among think tanks and academics. Tracking the evolution of security as understood by researchers and policymakers is vital as the world follows the path of the Four Mores: more issues, more actors, more competition, and more conflict. As we move forward into a world of rapid change and ubiquitous uncertainty, think tanks will only become more prominent and influential. The volume concludes with an assessment of the future of Security and International Affairs studies and raises the possibility of a return to a traditional security focus driven by recent events in Europe and the Middle East. This will be an important resource for students and scholars of security studies, global governance, and think tanks.

Security Expertise

Author : Trine Villumsen Berling
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317593197
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (175 download)

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Book Synopsis Security Expertise by : Trine Villumsen Berling

Download or read book Security Expertise written by Trine Villumsen Berling and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together scholars from different fields to explore the power, consequences and everyday practices of security expertise. Expertise mediates between different forms of knowledge: scientific and technological, legal, economic and political knowledge. This book offers the first systematic study of security expertise and opens up a productive dialogue between science and technology studies and security studies to investigate the character and consequences of this expertise. In security theory, the study of expertise is crucial to understanding whose knowledge informs security making and to reflect on the impact and responsibility of security analysis. In science and technology studies, the study of security politics adds a challenging new case to the agenda of research on expertise and policy. The contributors investigate cases such as academic security studies, security think tanks, the collaboration between science, anthropology and the military, transnational terrorism, and the ethical consequences of security expertise. Together they challenge our understanding of how expertise works and what consequences it has for security politics and international relations. This book will be of particular interest to students of critical security studies, sociology, science and technology studies, and IR/security studies in general.

The Space of Opinion

Author : Ronald N. Jacobs
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199339643
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis The Space of Opinion by : Ronald N. Jacobs

Download or read book The Space of Opinion written by Ronald N. Jacobs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the newspaper op-ed page, the Sunday morning political talk shows on television, and the evening cable-news television lineup have an obvious and growing influence in American politics and political communication, social scientists and media scholars tend to be broadly critical of the rise of organized punditry during the 20th century without ever providing a close empirical analysis. What is the nature of the contemporary space of opinion? How has it developed historically? What kinds of people speak in this space? What styles of writing and speech do they use? What types of authority and expertise do they draw on? And what impact do their commentaries have on public debate? To describe and analyze this complex space of news media, Ronald Jacobs and Eleanor Townsley rely on enormous samples of opinion collected from newspapers and television shows during the first years of the last two Presidential administrations. They also employ biographical data on authors of opinion to connect specific argument styles to specific types of authors, and examine the distribution of authors and argument types across different formats. The result is a close mapping that reveals a massive expansion and differentiation of the opinion space. It tells a complex story of shifting intersections between journalism, politics, the academy, and the new sector of think tanks. It also reveals a proliferation of genres and forms of opinion; not only have the people who speak within the space of opinion become more diverse over time, but the formats of opinion-claims to authority, styles of speech, and modes of addressing publics-have also become more varied. Though Jacobs and Townsley find many changes, they also find continuities. Despite public anxieties, the project of objective journalism is alive and well, thriving in the older, more traditional formats, and if anything, the proliferation of newer formats has resulted in an intensified commitment (by some) to core journalistic values as clear points of difference that offer competing logics of distinction and professional justification. But the current moment does represent a real challenge as more and different shows compete to narrate politics in the most compelling, authoritative, and influential manner. By providing the first systematic study of media opinion and news commentary, The Space of Opinion will fill an important gap on research about media, politics, and the civil society and will attract readers in a number of disciplines, including sociology, communication, media studies, and political science.

Knowledge and Expertise in International Interventions

Author : Berit Bliesemann de Guevara
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351241435
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowledge and Expertise in International Interventions by : Berit Bliesemann de Guevara

Download or read book Knowledge and Expertise in International Interventions written by Berit Bliesemann de Guevara and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge about violent conflict and international intervention is political. It involves power struggles over the objects of knowing (problematization/silencing), how they are known (epistemic practices), and what interpretations are taken into account in policymaking and implementation. This book unearths the politics, power and performances involved in the social construction of seemingly neutral concepts such as facts, truth and authenticity in knowing about violent conflict and international intervention. Contributors foreground problems of physical and social access to information, explore practices generating knowledge actors’ authority and legitimacy, and analyse struggles over competing policy narratives. A first set of chapters focuses on the social construction of facts, truth and authenticity through studies of militia research in the DR Congo, politicians’ on-site visits in intervention theatres in the Balkans and Afghanistan, and the epistemic practices of Human Rights Watch and comics journalism. A second set of contributions analyses the strategic side of knowledge through case studies of diplomatic counterinsurgency in Bosnia and Herzegovina, African governments’ active role in the ‘bunkerization’ of international aid workers, and authoritarian peacebuilding as a challenge to the liberal power/knowledge regime in world politics. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Journal of Intervention and Statebuilding.

Managing Think Tanks

Author : Raymond J. Struyk
Publisher : Open Society Institute
ISBN 13 : 9789639719002
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Managing Think Tanks by : Raymond J. Struyk

Download or read book Managing Think Tanks written by Raymond J. Struyk and published by Open Society Institute. This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical advice for policy institutes and consulting agencies.

Constructing 'Pakistan' through Knowledge Production in International Relations and Area Studies

Author : Ahmed W. Waheed
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811507422
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructing 'Pakistan' through Knowledge Production in International Relations and Area Studies by : Ahmed W. Waheed

Download or read book Constructing 'Pakistan' through Knowledge Production in International Relations and Area Studies written by Ahmed W. Waheed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-02 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the discourse on Pakistan by exploring the knowledge production processes through which the International Relations community, Asian and South Asian area study centres, and think-tanks construct Pakistan’s identity. This book does not attempt to trace how Pakistan has been historically defined, explained, or understood by the International Relations interpretive communities or to supplant these understandings with the author’s version of what Pakistan is. Instead, this study focuses on investigating how the identity of Pakistan is fixed or stabilized via practices of the interpretive communities. In other words, this book attempts to address the following questions: How is the knowledge on Pakistan produced discursively? How is this knowledge represented in the writings on Pakistan? What are the conditions under which it is possible to make authoritative claims about Pakistan?