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Theoretical And Empirical Study Of Visual Cortex Using The Bcm Neural Network Model
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Book Synopsis Theoretical and Empirical Study of Visual Cortex Using the BCM Neural Network Model by : Eugene Edmund Clothiaux
Download or read book Theoretical and Empirical Study of Visual Cortex Using the BCM Neural Network Model written by Eugene Edmund Clothiaux and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development of Primary Visual Cortex According to the BCM Theory of Synaptic Plasticity by : Christopher Charles Law
Download or read book Development of Primary Visual Cortex According to the BCM Theory of Synaptic Plasticity written by Christopher Charles Law and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Visual Cortex and Deep Networks by : Tomaso A. Poggio
Download or read book Visual Cortex and Deep Networks written by Tomaso A. Poggio and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-09-23 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A mathematical framework that describes learning of invariant representations in the ventral stream, offering both theoretical development and applications. The ventral visual stream is believed to underlie object recognition in primates. Over the past fifty years, researchers have developed a series of quantitative models that are increasingly faithful to the biological architecture. Recently, deep learning convolution networks—which do not reflect several important features of the ventral stream architecture and physiology—have been trained with extremely large datasets, resulting in model neurons that mimic object recognition but do not explain the nature of the computations carried out in the ventral stream. This book develops a mathematical framework that describes learning of invariant representations of the ventral stream and is particularly relevant to deep convolutional learning networks. The authors propose a theory based on the hypothesis that the main computational goal of the ventral stream is to compute neural representations of images that are invariant to transformations commonly encountered in the visual environment and are learned from unsupervised experience. They describe a general theoretical framework of a computational theory of invariance (with details and proofs offered in appendixes) and then review the application of the theory to the feedforward path of the ventral stream in the primate visual cortex.
Book Synopsis Computational Maps in the Visual Cortex by : Risto Miikkulainen
Download or read book Computational Maps in the Visual Cortex written by Risto Miikkulainen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-08-09 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 30 years, the visual cortex has been the source of new theories and ideas about how the brain processes information. The visual cortex is easily accessible through a variety of recording and imagining techniques and allows mapping of high level behavior relatively directly to neural mechanisms. Understanding the computations in the visual cortex is therefore an important step toward a general theory of computational brain theory.
Book Synopsis Visual Cortex by : Stephane Molotchnikoff
Download or read book Visual Cortex written by Stephane Molotchnikoff and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-26 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The neurosciences have experienced tremendous and wonderful progress in many areas, and the spectrum encompassing the neurosciences is expansive. Suffice it to mention a few classical fields: electrophysiology, genetics, physics, computer sciences, and more recently, social and marketing neurosciences. Of course, this large growth resulted in the production of many books. Perhaps the visual system and the visual cortex were in the vanguard because most animals do not produce their own light and offer thus the invaluable advantage of allowing investigators to conduct experiments in full control of the stimulus. In addition, the fascinating evolution of scientific techniques, the immense productivity of recent research, and the ensuing literature make it virtually impossible to publish in a single volume all worthwhile work accomplished throughout the scientific world. The days when a single individual, as Diderot, could undertake the production of an encyclopedia are gone forever. Indeed most approaches to studying the nervous system are valid and neuroscientists produce an almost astronomical number of interesting data accompanied by extremely worthy hypotheses which in turn generate new ventures in search of brain functions. Yet, it is fully justified to make an encore and to publish a book dedicated to visual cortex and beyond. Many reasons validate a book assembling chapters written by active researchers. Each has the opportunity to bind together data and explore original ideas whose fate will not fall into the hands of uncompromising reviewers of traditional journals. This book focuses on the cerebral cortex with a large emphasis on vision. Yet it offers the reader diverse approaches employed to investigate the brain, for instance, computer simulation, cellular responses, or rivalry between various targets and goal directed actions. This volume thus covers a large spectrum of research even though it is impossible to include all topics in the extremely diverse field of neurosciences.
Book Synopsis Emergence of Functional Circuits in the Early Visual Pathway by : Jaeson Jang
Download or read book Emergence of Functional Circuits in the Early Visual Pathway written by Jaeson Jang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-04-29 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the emergence of diverse functional organizations in the visual pathway which could be spontaneously and solely initiated by the random feedforward wiring of neural circuits. It demonstrates that the structure of ON and OFF retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics is projected onto V1 by retino-cortical feedforward mapping to induce higher cognitive functions. This book will be beneficial for both theoretical and experimental neuroscientists, as well as for researchers using brain-inspired neural network models.
Book Synopsis Models of the Visual Cortex by : David Rose
Download or read book Models of the Visual Cortex written by David Rose and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1985 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and stimulating study which presents the views of 71 leading theorists on the underlying mechanisms and functions of the primary visual cortex.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Vision and Brain by : Stephen Grossberg
Download or read book Vision and Brain written by Stephen Grossberg and published by Elsevier Science & Technology. This book was released on 2004 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An interdisciplinary book that surveys experimental and theoretical discoveries concerning how a brain sees and how insights about biological vision can be used to develop more effective algorithms for image processing in technology.
Book Synopsis A self-organizing neural network model of the primary visual cortex by : Joseph Sirosh
Download or read book A self-organizing neural network model of the primary visual cortex written by Joseph Sirosh and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neuronal Operations in the Visual Cortex by : Guy A. Orban
Download or read book Neuronal Operations in the Visual Cortex written by Guy A. Orban and published by Springer. This book was released on 1984 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The invitation by the editors of the series "studies of brain function" to contribute a monograph on the visual cortex gives me the opportunity to present in a concentrated manner much of the work I have done on the visual cortical areas of cat and monkey. However, the field of visual cortical physi ology is so active and so diverse that the presentation of only my own work would have given a very incomplete view of visual cortical functioning. Therefore this monograph also reviews most of the studies carried out on the subject in the last two decades. Where possible I have tried not only to describe the cortical machinery but also its possible functional purpose regarding vision. In doing this I have expressed my personal views rather than just reviewing the experimental facts. Much of the work presented in this monograph has been supported by the National Research Council of Belgium and the Research Council of the Catholic University of Leuven. I express my gratitude to them. I have en joyed collaborating in these studies with P. O. Bishop, H. Kato, H. Kennedy, K. P. Hoffmann, H. Maes, J. Duysens, E. Vandenbussche, and H. van der Glas. I am much indebted to all those who have commented on earlier versions of this monograph: J. Allman, H. Barlow, J. BuBier, M. Callens, J. Duysens, O. J. Griisser, P. Heggelund, H. Kennedy, L. C. Orban and L. Palmer.
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 768 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Neuromathematics of Vision by : Giovanna Citti
Download or read book Neuromathematics of Vision written by Giovanna Citti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the study of the functional architecture of the visual cortex. Its geometrical structure is the differential geometry of the connectivity between neural cells. This connectivity is building and shaping the hidden brain structures underlying visual perception. The story of the problem runs over the last 30 years, since the discovery of Hubel and Wiesel of the modular structure of the primary visual cortex, and slowly cams towards a theoretical understanding of the experimental data on what we now know as functional architecture of the primary visual cortex. Experimental data comes from several domains: neurophysiology, phenomenology of perception and neurocognitive imaging. Imaging techniques like functional MRI and diffusion tensor MRI allow to deepen the study of cortical structures. Due to this variety of experimental data, neuromathematematics deals with modelling both cortical structures and perceptual spaces. From the mathematical point of view, neuromathematical call for new instruments of pure mathematics: sub-Riemannian geometry models horizontal connectivity, harmonic analysis in non commutative groups allows to understand pinwheels structure, as well as non-linear dimensionality reduction is at the base of many neural morphologies and possibly of the emergence of perceptual units. But at the center of the neurogeometry is the problem of harmonizing contemporary mathematical instruments with neurophysiological findings and phenomenological experiments in an unitary science of vision. The contributions to this book come from the very founders of the discipline.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Subunit Models of Neuronal Receptive Fields in the Early Visual Pathway by : Amol Gharat
Download or read book Nonlinear Subunit Models of Neuronal Receptive Fields in the Early Visual Pathway written by Amol Gharat and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Our visual system is sensitive to boundaries defined by differences in cues such as luminance (first-order cue), as well as texture, contrast, or motion (second-order cues). Gradients in these cues can be utilized to perform tasks such as figure-ground segregation and 3D shape perception. A significant fraction of neurons in the early visual cortex of cats and monkeys have been shown to be selective to both first- and second-order boundaries. These neurons are thought to be the neural correlate for perceptual encoding of such boundaries. They are selective for the same boundary orientation irrespective of the cue (first- or second-order) that defines it ("form cue-invariance"), which makes these neurons powerful candidates for the task of segmentation. However, the neural circuitry that gives rise to this selectivity for the early stages of visual processing remains unclear. To address this question, I perform neurophysiological recordings at the early stages of the visual pathway in cats, and then build biologically inspired neural circuit models that can account for visual response properties of neurons at subcortical as well as early cortical stages. In Chapter 2, I use multi-electrode recordings to demonstrate the presence of a significant fraction of neurons in cat Area 18 with nonlinear receptive fields like those of subcortical Y-type cells. These neurons have receptive field properties intermediate between subcortical Y cells and cortical orientation selective cue-invariant neurons. These are strong candidates for building cue-invariant orientation-selective neurons. Furthermore I present a novel neural circuit model that pools such Y-like neurons in an unbalanced "push-pull" manner, to generate orientation-selective cue-invariant receptive fields.In Chapter 3, I estimate biologically constrained neural network models of cat LGN receptive fields using recent machine learning methods (deep learning). The receptive fields are modeled as arising from a two-stage convolutional neural network model. The first stage, corresponding to retinal bipolar cell subunits, is modeled as a convolutional filter layer, and the second stage is modeled as a pooling layer. These two layers are separated by an intermediate parametric nonlinearity. I train such a neural network model for each recorded LGN neuron, using its spiking responses to naturalistic texture stimuli. These models are not only better in comparison to the standard linear-nonlinear models at predicting response to arbitrary stimuli, but they also recover biologically interpretable subunit models.In chapter 4, I evaluate the integration of ON- and OFF-pathway inputs by individual neurons in early cortical areas of the cat (Area 17 and Area 18). In this study, I model receptive fields of cortical simple cells as a linear weighted sum of rectified inputs from model ON- and OFF-center LGN afferents, with the weights estimated using a regression framework. The estimated models reveal significant asymmetries in spatiotemporal integration of ON and OFF signals within simple cell receptive fields. These observed asymmetries could provide the neural mechanism for generating cue-invariant receptive fields from Y-pathway inputs.In summary, I put together our knowledge of retinal as well as early cortical processing to show how spatial nonlinearities emerging from the retina could provide an essential basis for cortical visual processing. I further evaluate these neural mechanisms by estimating single neuron receptive field models, using modern system identification methods. Finally I propose, and provide supportive evidence for, a novel neural circuit mechanism that could explain the cue-invariant processing of luminance- and texture-defined boundaries through a common pathway." --
Book Synopsis A Model for the Development of Neurons in Visual Cortex by : L. N. Cooper
Download or read book A Model for the Development of Neurons in Visual Cortex written by L. N. Cooper and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The object of our research is to find principles of development and organization of neural networks that can account both for experimental data on the cellular level and, when applied to large numbers of neurons that receive sensory and/or interneuronal information, for various higher level systems properties. Networks of neurons already have been constructed that can organize themselves to display some cognitive properties. Although these are still primitive compared to what animals or even machines in some cases can presently do, it is significance that these networks are self-organizing, that the global cognitive properties are the result of local modifications of the network components -- learning (so to speak) on a cellular level. This learning comes about through the modification of synaptic junctions (connections) between neurons. One crucial hypothesis concerns the form of this synaptic modification by applying them to the development of selectivity and ocular dominance in cat visual cortex, where much experimental data has been obtained in the last twenty years. This leads to a theory of synaptic evolution based on sets of coupled non-linear stochastic differential equations. Analysis and computer simulations show this theory is in good agreement with classical experimental results. In addition we obtain some new predictions that can be tested.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Time Series Analysis by : Björn Schelter
Download or read book Handbook of Time Series Analysis written by Björn Schelter and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides an up-to-date survey of current research topics and applications of time series analysis methods written by leading experts in their fields. It covers recent developments in univariate as well as bivariate and multivariate time series analysis techniques ranging from physics' to life sciences' applications. Each chapter comprises both methodological aspects and applications to real world complex systems, such as the human brain or Earth's climate. Covering an exceptionally broad spectrum of topics, beginners, experts and practitioners who seek to understand the latest developments will profit from this handbook.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 892 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
