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The Urban Unbanked In Mexico And The United States
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Book Synopsis The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States by : John P. Caskey
Download or read book The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States written by John P. Caskey and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the ways in which lower-income households obtain basic financial services in urban communities in Mexico and the United States. And it discusses the efforts that private sector and government organizations are making to lower the cost or improve the quality of those services. The paper summarizes available information on these issues and assesses the rationale and challenges facing the strategies that both countries are using to improve the financial services available to lower-income households, giving particular attention to "unbanked" households, meaning households that do not have deposit accounts with any regulated deposit-taking institution, and also to lower-income households in large urban areas. In comparing the experiences of the two countries, the paper reviews the extent to which lower-income households are unbanked, their use of non-bank financial services, and strategies for improving financial services to the unbanked. The underlying differences between the countries' typical household incomes-national income per capita in Mexico in 2002 was US$8,540, compared with $35,060 in the United States (World Bank 2003)-may also influence the difference in percentage of unbanked-9.1 percent of families in the United States compared with 76.4 percent found in a recent study in Mexico City.
Book Synopsis The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States by : John Caskey
Download or read book The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States written by John Caskey and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the ways in which lower-income households obtain basic financial services in urban communities in Mexico and the United States. And it discusses the efforts that private sector and government organizations are making to lower the cost or improve the quality of those services. The paper summarizes available information on these issues and assesses the rationale and challenges facing the strategies that both countries are using to improve the financial services available to lower-income households, giving particular attention to unbanked households, meaning households that do not have deposit accounts with any regulated deposit-taking institution, and also to lower-income households in large urban areas. In comparing the experiences of the two countries, the paper reviews the extent to which lower-income households are unbanked, their use of non-bank financial services, and strategies for improving financial services to the unbanked. The underlying differences between the countries' typical household incomes - national income per capita in Mexico in 2002 was US $8,540, compared with $35,060 in the United States (World Bank 2003) - may also influence the difference in percentage of unbanked - 9.1 percent of families in the United States compared with 76.4 percent found in a recent study in Mexico City.
Book Synopsis The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States by : John P. Caskey
Download or read book The Urban Unbanked in Mexico and the United States written by John P. Caskey and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the ways in which lower-income households obtain basic financial services in urban communities in Mexico and the United States. And it discusses the efforts that private sector and government organizations are making to lower the cost or improve the quality of those services. The paper summarizes available information on these issues and assesses the rationale and challenges facing the strategies that both countries are using to improve the financial services available to lower-income households, giving particular attention to "unbanked" households, meaning households that do not have deposit accounts with any regulated deposit-taking institution, and also to lower-income households in large urban areas. In comparing the experiences of the two countries, the paper reviews the extent to which lower-income households are unbanked, their use of non-bank financial services, and strategies for improving financial services to the unbanked. The underlying differences between the countries' typical household incomes-national income per capita in Mexico in 2002 was US$8,540, compared with $35,060 in the United States (World Bank 2003)-may also influence the difference in percentage of unbanked-9.1 percent of families in the United States compared with 76.4 percent found in a recent study in Mexico City.
Book Synopsis Latino Small Businesses and the American Dream by : Melvin Delgado
Download or read book Latino Small Businesses and the American Dream written by Melvin Delgado and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Latino small businesses provide social, economic, and cultural comfort to their communities. They are also excellent facilitators of community capacity--a major component of effective social work practice. Social work practitioners have a vested interest in seeing such businesses grow, not only among Latinos but all communities of color. Reviewing the latest research on formal and informal economies within urban communities of color, Melvin Delgado lays out the demographic foundations for a richer collaboration between theory and practice. Delgado deploys numerous case studies to cement the link between indigenous small businesses and community well-being. Whether regulated or unregulated, these establishments hire from within and promote immigrant self-employment. Latino small businesses often provide jobs for those whose criminal and mental health backgrounds intimidate conventional businesses. Recently estimated to be the largest group of color running small businesses in the United States, Latino owners top two million, with the number expected to double within the next few years. Joining an understanding of these institutions with the kind of practice that enables their social and economic improvement, Delgado explains how to identify and mobilize the kinds of resources that best spur their development.
Download or read book Hard Choices written by Jerry Buckland and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2012-03-30 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When low-income city dwellers lack access to mainstream banking services, many end up turning to ‘fringe banks,’ such as cheque-cashers and pawnshops, for some or all of their financial transactions. This predicament of ‘financial exclusion’ – faced by those underserved by conventional financial institutions – is comprehensively examined in Jerry Buckland's powerful study, Hard Choices. The first account of the nature and causes of financial exclusion in Canada, Hard Choices thoroughly integrates economic and social data on consumer choice, bank behaviour, and government policy. Buckland demonstrates why the current two-tier system of banking is becoming increasingly dysfunctional, especially in the context of new credit products that aggravate income inequality and stifle local economic growth. Featuring a foreword by esteemed economics scholar John P. Caskey, Hard Choices presents pragmatic policy improvements on both the public and private levels that can promote and build financial inclusion for all.
Book Synopsis Building Inclusive Financial Systems by : Michael S. Barr
Download or read book Building Inclusive Financial Systems written by Michael S. Barr and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad-based and inclusive financial systems significantly raise growth, alleviate poverty, and expand economic opportunity. Households, small enterprises, and the rural poor often have difficulty obtaining financial services for a multitude of reasons, including transaction costs, perceived risk, inadequate infrastructure, and information barriers. Yet many financial institutions are now making profitable inroads into underserved markets through formal banking, investment in equities, venture capital, postal banks, and microfinance. Access to Finance addresses the challenges of making financial systems more inclusive, emulating successful ventures in new markets, and utilizing technologies and government policies to support the expansion of financial access. The contributors examine many dimensions of financial access, including: • Measuring financial access • Understanding the impact of expanded access • Examining alternative institutional models • Exploring new technologies and information infrastructure • Evaluating government policies toward outreach.
Book Synopsis Insufficient Funds by : Rebecca M. Blank
Download or read book Insufficient Funds written by Rebecca M. Blank and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in four American adults doesn’t have a bank account. Low-income families lack access to many of the basic financial services middle-class families take for granted and are particularly susceptible to financial emergencies, unemployment, loss of a home, and uninsured medical problems. Insufficient Funds explores how institutional constraints and individual decisions combine to produce this striking disparity and recommends policies to help alleviate the problem. Mainstream financial services are both less available and more expensive for low-income households. High fees, minimum-balance policies, and the relative scarcity of banks in poor neighborhoods are key factors. Michael Barr reports the results of an in-depth study of financial behavior in 1,000 low- and moderate-income families in metropolitan Detroit. He finds that most poor households have bank accounts, but combine use of mainstream services with alternative options such as money orders, pawnshops, and payday lenders. Barr suggests that a tax credit for banks serving primarily disadvantaged customers could facilitate greater equality in the private financial sector. Drawing on evidence from behavioral economics, Sendhil Mullainathan and Eldar Shafir show that low-income individuals exhibit many of the same patterns and weaknesses in financial decision making as middle-class individuals and could benefit from many of the same financial aids. They argue that savings programs that automatically enroll participants and require them to actively opt out in order to leave the program could drastically increase savings ability. Ronald Mann demonstrates that significant changes in the credit market over the past fifteen years have allowed companies to expand credit to a larger share of low-income families. Mann calls for regulations on credit card companies that would require greater disclosure of actual interest rates and fees. Raphael Bostic and Kwan Lee find that while home ownership has risen dramatically over the past twenty years, elevated risks for low-income families—such as foreclosure—may well outweigh the benefits of owning a home. The authors ultimately argue that if we want to demand financial responsibility from low-income households, we have an obligation to assure that these families have access to the banking, credit, and savings institutions that are readily available to higher-income families. Insufficient Funds highlights where and how access is blocked and shows how government policy and individual decisions could combine to eliminate many of these barriers in the future.
Book Synopsis The Rise and Fall of Global Microcredit by : Milford Bateman
Download or read book The Rise and Fall of Global Microcredit written by Milford Bateman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the mid-1980s the international development community helped launch what was to quickly become one of the most popular poverty reduction and local economic development policies of all time. Microcredit, the system of disbursing tiny micro-loans to the poor to help them to establish their own income-generating activities, was initially highly praised and some were even led to believe that it would end poverty as we know it. But in recent years the microcredit model has been subject to growing scrutiny and often intense criticism. The Rise and Fall of Global Microcredit shines a light on many of the fundamental problems surrounding microcredit, in particular, the short- and long-term impacts of dramatically rising levels of microdebt. Developed in collaboration with UNCTAD, this book covers the general policy implications of adverse microcredit impacts, as well as gathering together country-specific case studies from around the world to illustrate the real dynamics, incentives and end results. Lively and provocative, The Rise and Fall of Global Microcredit is an accessible guide for students, academics, policymakers and development professionals alike.
Book Synopsis The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007 by :
Download or read book The World Bank Research Program, 2005-2007 written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pocket-sized reference on key environmental data for over 200 countries includes key indicators on agriculture, forestry, biodiversity, energy, emission and pollution, and water and sanitation. The volume helps establish a sound base of information to help set priorities and measure progress toward environmental sustainability goals.
Book Synopsis Law and Regulation of Mobile Payment Systems by : Joy Malala
Download or read book Law and Regulation of Mobile Payment Systems written by Joy Malala and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last ten years mobile payment systems have revolutionised banking in some countries in Africa. In Kenya the introduction of M-Pesa, a new financial services model, has transformed the banking and financial services industry. Giving the unbanked majority access to the financial services market it has attracted over 18 million subscribers which is remarkable given that fewer than 4 million people in Kenya have bank accounts. This book addresses the legal and regulatory issues arising out of the introduction of M-Pesa in Kenya and its drive towards financial inclusion. It considers the interaction between regulation and technological innovation with a particular focus on the regulatory tools, institutional arrangements and government decisional processes through the examination as a whole of its regulatory capacity. This is done with a view to understanding the regulatory capacity of Kenya in addressing the vulnerabilities presented by technological innovation in the financial industry for consumers after financial inclusion. It also examines the way that mobile payments have been regulated by criticising the piecemeal approach that the Central Bank of Kenya has taken in addressing the legal and regulatory issues presented by mobile payments. The book argues there are significant gaps in the regulatory regime of mobile banking in Kenya.
Book Synopsis Structured Finance in Latin America by : Hela Cheikhrouhou
Download or read book Structured Finance in Latin America written by Hela Cheikhrouhou and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structured Finance in Latin America explores how structured finance mechanisms can channel pension savings to support projects in underserved sectors, deepen capital markets, and contribute to investment and economic growth. Private pension funds have been accumulating assets rapidly in the wake of pension system reforms in many Latin American countries. Strict investment regulations to protect workers' savings have limited their investment in highly creditworthy domestic securities, yet pension fund demand for new securities has outstripped issuance of eligible traditional corporate debt instruments. This has contributed to a high concentration of pension fund assets in public debt. Innovative structured finance mechanisms can help bring to the market a new set of creditworthy securities backed by pools of loans to small borrowers, mortgage loans or the expected proceeds of large infrastructure projects. These mechanisms create new investment opportunities for pension funds, while establishing additional sources of funding for underserved market segments. Policy makers and regulatory authorities have a catalytic role to play in the development of structured finance securities by establishing a conducive legal, regulatory, and tax framework. Structured Finance in Latin America serves as a practical guide for development practitioners, policy makers, and others working in government, international or nongovernmental organizations, and financial institutions, who focus on finance and investment; infrastructure, transport, and urban development; housing finance; small and medium-sized enterprise development; and pension reform.
Book Synopsis The Basic Analytics of Access to Financial Services by : Thorsten Beck
Download or read book The Basic Analytics of Access to Financial Services written by Thorsten Beck and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access to financial services, or rather the lack thereof, is often indiscriminately decried as a problem in many developing countries. The authors argue that the "problem of access" should rather be analyzed by identifying different demand and supply constraints. They use the concept of an access possibilities frontier, drawn for a given set of state variables, to distinguish between cases where a financial system settles below the constrained optimum, cases where this constrained optimum is too low, and-in credit services-cases where the observed outcome is excessively high. They distinguish between payment and savings services and fixed intermediation costs, on the one hand, and lending services and different sources of credit risk, on the other hand. The authors include both supply and demand side frictions that can lead to lower access. The analysis helps identify bankable and banked population, the binding constraint to close the gap between the two, and policies to prudently expand the bankable population. This new conceptual framework can inform the debate on adequate policies to expand access to financial services and can serve as the basis for an informed measurement of access.
Book Synopsis Microfinance to Combat Global Recession and Social Exclusion by : Ramesh Chandra Das
Download or read book Microfinance to Combat Global Recession and Social Exclusion written by Ramesh Chandra Das and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-07-18 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on how microfinance institutions can be the alternative way to supply funds to combat different phases of global economic recessions. Also, it emphasizes upon their capabilities in reducing poverty and inequality as the countries of the world today aim to attain the goal of sustainable development. The book further deals with the challenges that the micro financial institutions may face while sustain in the competitive and vast changing global business environment. Finally, the book analyses the effectiveness of micro financial services for the emergence of micro, small and medium enterprises with new technology and innovations which, in turn, can be instrumental in ensuring new relocation of global supply chains.
Book Synopsis Innovative Experiences in Access to Finance by : Augusto de la Torre
Download or read book Innovative Experiences in Access to Finance written by Augusto de la Torre and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in access to finance and awareness of its importance have increased significantly since the early 2000s. Growing evidence suggests that lack of access to credit prevents many households and firms from financing high-return investment projects, which has an adverse effect on growth and poverty alleviation. Despite the increasing awareness of the importance of access to finance among both researchers and policymakers, there are still some major gaps in our understanding of the main drivers of access, as well as about the impact of different policies in this area. This book aims to fill some of these gaps by discussing recent innovative experiences in broadening access to credit in Latin America. These experiences are consistent with an emerging new view that, while recognizing the central role of the public sector in improving the contractual and informational environment for financial markets, also contends that there might be room for well-designed, restricted interventions in collaboration with the private sector to foster the development of financial markets and broaden access to them. In particular, the book analyzes, among other things, some interesting experiences from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico that use different instruments to broaden access to credit in a sustainable way, such as structured finance, factoring, credit guarantees, and correspondent banking. Most of these experiences have led to financial innovation by developing new financial products and coordinating different players in the financial and real sectors to overcome barriers to access to credit. The book provides a first systematic analysis of these innovative experiences, including an analytical framework to understand problems of access to finance and a discussion of the effects and optimal design of public interventions. Finally, the book discusses some open policy questions about the role of the private and public sectors (including state†?owned banks) in broadening access to finance in a sustainable and market-friendly manner.
Download or read book Finance for All? written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-11-09 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Access to financial services varies sharply around the world. In many developing countries less than half the population has an account with a financial institution, and in most of Africa less than one in five households do. Lack of access to finance is often the critical mechanism for generating persistent income inequality, as well as slower growth. 'Finance for All?: Policies and Pitfalls in Expanding Access' documents the extent of financial exclusion around the world; addresses the importance of access to financial services for growth, equity and poverty reduction; and discusses policy interventions and institutional reforms that can improve access for underserved groups. The report is a broad ranging review of the work already completed or in progress, drawing on research utilizing data at the country, firm and household level. Given that financial systems in many developing countries serve only a small part of the population, expanding access remains an important challenge across the world, leaving much for governments to do. However, not all government actions are equally effective and some policies can be counterproductive. The report sets out principles for effective government policy on broadening access, drawing on the available evidence and illustrating with examples.
Book Synopsis Financial Inclusion in Circular Economy by : Vinay Kandpal
Download or read book Financial Inclusion in Circular Economy written by Vinay Kandpal and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-01-30 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an assessment of endeavors towards Financial Inclusion and its role in Sustainable development. An attractive feature is that it deals with almost all the contemporary issues essential for reaching UN Sustainable Development Goals. This book would be an exclusive and authentic source to the students of undergraduates, postgraduates and professional courses in Commerce and Management. This manuscript is divided into nine chapters. The book looks at various salient topics, including financial inclusion measurement, the impact of various financial inclusion indicators on development outcomes and macroeconomic volatility using aggregate data, and the effects of financial inclusion on poverty and development outcomes using microdata. Using the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals as an overall framing of the issues, it exhibits how poor and disadvantaged women and men can be bankable if the adequate facilitation for maximizing opportunities and addressing constraints. This book attempts to cover different dimensions of Financial Inclusion towards attaining Sustainability and Circular Economy through financing instruments and investments. This book highlights different goals of UN SDG as an Initiative towards Inclusive Growth and Circular Economy, which is also influenced by Micro Finance Institutions and NBFCs. This book will be an indispensable source for the Students of PG and UG programs, Researchers and practitioners from areas of Commerce, Economics and Management and the faculty members and professionals like bankers and financial consultants. We hope this book will meet the requirement of all the categories of readers.
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Indian Banking by : Manoranjan Sharma
Download or read book Dynamics of Indian Banking written by Manoranjan Sharma and published by Atlantic Publishers & Dist. This book was released on 2008 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
